Purpose:To investigate the correlation between vestibular hydrops(VH),cochlearhydrops(CH),vestibular aqueduct non-visibility(VANV),and visually increased perilymphatic enhancement(VIPE)with the findings of pure-tone a...Purpose:To investigate the correlation between vestibular hydrops(VH),cochlearhydrops(CH),vestibular aqueduct non-visibility(VANV),and visually increased perilymphatic enhancement(VIPE)with the findings of pure-tone audiometry(PTA)in Meniere’s disease(MD)patients.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,53 ears belonging to 48 patients were divided into two groups and evaluated.In group“MD patients,”there were 24 ears of 19 patients diagnosed with the definite MD(14 patients with unilateral and 5 patients withbilateral involvements).The“control group”consisted of 29 non-symptomatic ears belonging to patients diagnosed with unilateral sudden sensory-neural hearing loss or unilateral schwannoma.All the patients underwent 2 sessions of temporal bone MRI using the same 3T system:an unenhanced axial T1,T2,and 3D-FLAIR MRI,an intravenous gadoliniumenhanced axial T1 fat-sat,and 4 h after the injection,an axial 3D-T2 cube and 3D-FLAIR session.VH,CH,VANV,and VIPE were assessed.Subsequently,the correlation between EH indices and PTA findings(in three frequency domains of low,middle,and high)were evaluated,and the predictive value of MRI was calculated.Results:VH was significantly correlated with the hearing threshold in the low,middle,and highfrequency domains.CH was also correlated with the hearing threshold in the low and middle domains.Contrarily,VIPE was not associated with hearing thresholds,and VANV was only correlated with the hearing threshold in low frequencies.Conclusion:The grade of VH,CH,and VANV were significantly correlated with the hearing thresholds in PTA.展开更多
目的研制7套具备音位平衡特征的双音节测试材料并进行等价性分析。方法按照常用原则,在解放军军语空军部分筛选出500条军事飞行人员地空交流常用的双音节词,并选取歼击机、运输机及直升机各30名飞行人员对词表常用程度进行调查,确定难...目的研制7套具备音位平衡特征的双音节测试材料并进行等价性分析。方法按照常用原则,在解放军军语空军部分筛选出500条军事飞行人员地空交流常用的双音节词,并选取歼击机、运输机及直升机各30名飞行人员对词表常用程度进行调查,确定难度一致的双音节词343个,按照音位平衡原则制成7张(每张49词)双音节测试词表。选取28名年龄18~25岁的飞行人员,使用7张飞行人员指令性双音节词表作为测试材料,使用0、4、8、12 dB HL四个固定强度从低到高的顺序进行言语测试,受试者聆听7张词表的顺序不同,记录每张词表在各个声强下的言语识别率。使用SPSS 26.0对结果进行分析。结果7张词表相互等价性较好(P>0.05);在不同测试强度下言语识别率有显著差异(P<0.001)。言语识别率强度函数(P-I)曲线平均斜率为4.12%/dB;当识别率为50%时,给声强度平均值为(4.31±0.35)dB HL,斜率为7.28%/dB,为曲线中最陡峭部分;识别率20%~80%线性区域平均斜率为4.98%/dB。结论该研究表明所编制的7张飞行人员指令性双音节词表具有较好的等价性,并建立了听力正常飞行人员的P-I曲线,可应用于临床测试、实验研究及医学鉴定工作中。展开更多
Objective:To investigate if routine audiometry in Bell’s palsy patients has prognostic value.Methods:Retrospective case review was conducted on all Bell’s palsy patients(n紏191)seen at the tertiary otolaryngology sp...Objective:To investigate if routine audiometry in Bell’s palsy patients has prognostic value.Methods:Retrospective case review was conducted on all Bell’s palsy patients(n紏191)seen at the tertiary otolaryngology specialist outpatient clinic from 2015 to 2017.Correlation of ipsilesional audiometric thresholds with patients’time-to-recovery and initial clinical severity(measured by House-Brackmann(HB)scoring)were used for the prognostic outcome measure.Audiometry results were analyzed using three contiguous frequency pure-tone average(1kHz,2kHz,4kHz).Statistical analysis was done via Stata(v13.1),significance tests were 2-sided at 5%significance level.Results:There was no significant difference between audiometric thresholds between the ipsilesional ear and the contralateral ear(p=0.87).Time-to-recovery was significantly longer for patients with severe initial presentation as compared to mild and moderate severity(p<0.01).There was no correlation found between the audiometry results and HB score at presentation(p=0.39).There was no correlation found between ipsilesional audiometric thresholds and time-to-recovery(p=0.58).Conclusion:Our study suggests that routine audiometry has limited prognostic value in Bell’s palsy patients.展开更多
Objective: To determine the audiometric profile of deafness in our practice. Materials and Methods: Longitudinal prospective study was conducted out in the ENT department and cervicofacial surgery of Gabriel Toure Uni...Objective: To determine the audiometric profile of deafness in our practice. Materials and Methods: Longitudinal prospective study was conducted out in the ENT department and cervicofacial surgery of Gabriel Toure University Hospital in Bamako, we made an exhaustive sampling of all the patients who consulted for hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, hiring report, medical expertise and whose deafness was confirmed to tonal audiometry with an age greater than or equal to 15 years. It was spread over 10 months (June 2016 to March 2017). A total of 200 patients were collected. Exclusion criteria were all patients under 15 years of age as well as deafness related to earwax or foreign bodies, and refusal to participate in the study Results: During our study period, 6055 outpatients were admitted out of which 734 patients underwent audiometric testing and 200 patients (3.30%) met our criteria. The male sex was the most represented with a rate of 60%. The sex ratio was 1.5 or 3 men for 2 women. The 15 to 25 age group was the most represented at 37.5%. The average age was 37.18 years old with extremes ranging from 15 to 83 years old. Pupils/students were the most represented with a rate of 29.5%, followed by housewives in 23%, farmers in 10.5% and military in 10%. As antecedent 26% of our patients had a chronic otitis media (OMC), against 23% who had no antecedent otological and 17% had a traumatic antecedent. Bilateral deafness was the most common with a rate of 64.5%. The mode of progressive appearance was the most frequent in 74.5%. As functional signs 46.22% of our patients had a hearing loss associated with tinnitus. Otoscopic examination was pathological in 34.5% of our patients. Mixed deafness was the most common in 43.35%, followed by perception deafness in 32.19% and transmission deafness 24.46%. Mean deafness was the most common with a rate of 48.91%, was severe in 20.22%, mild in 18.31%, deep in 11.47% and cophotic in 01.09%. Asymmetrical curves were the most found in 65.89% of our patients. Conclusion: Deafness is a sensory disability responsible for communication disorder, sometimes disabling. Audiometry, although subjective, remains essential in the diagnosis of deafness.展开更多
It′s generally believed that the appropriate stimuli for sound field tests are warble tones and narrow band noise, while pure tone can only be a signal used in the free field and earphone listening conditions. In thi...It′s generally believed that the appropriate stimuli for sound field tests are warble tones and narrow band noise, while pure tone can only be a signal used in the free field and earphone listening conditions. In this study, we take a measurement of sound pressure distribution, sound field variability, and effects of frequency shifting on sound pressure levels (SPLs) at reference points of pure tone in an audiometric test room. It was found that the pure tone SPLs were also distributed uniformly at some sound field areas although it was not so well as warble tones. This indicated that the test results were relatively stable to head movement and/or frequency shifting in those regions, which was confirmed by the clinical measurements on 20 subjects with severe sensorineural hearing loss. Our study concluded that pure tones could also be suitable for sound field audiometry if subjects were seated at a proper location on the basis of the sound field calibrations.展开更多
Purpose COVID-19 associated hearing loss is still an ongoing matter of debate.No original studies exist on audiological effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized patients.The main objective was to determine whet...Purpose COVID-19 associated hearing loss is still an ongoing matter of debate.No original studies exist on audiological effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized patients.The main objective was to determine whether SARS-CoV-2 may affect auditory function in clinically ill COVID-19 patients.Materials and methods COVID-19 patients with moderate-severe disease and without prior history of hearing abnormalities were enrolled from a tertiary referral center,and matched with controls.Participants performed an audiometric evaluation,and thresholds were compared.Results 120 ears from 60 patients were enrolled.Patients with COVID-19 showed worse mean auditory thresholds starting from 1000 Hz through higher frequencies,when compared to controls(1000 Hz:18.52±5.49 dB HL in controls vs 25.36±6.79 dB HL in COVID-19,p<0.001;2000Hz:17.50±5.57 dB HL in controls vs 21.96±7.05 dB HL in COVID-19,p=0.010;3000Hz:17.97±8.07 dB HL in controls vs 25±9.38 dB HL in COVID-19,p=0.003;4000 Hz:20.16±10.12 dB HL in controls vs 29.55±11.26 dB HL in COVID-19,p=0.001;8000 Hz:31.09±12.75 dB HL in controls vs 40.71±19.40 dB HL in COVID-19,p=0.030;Pure Tone Average:20.42±4.29 dB HL in controls vs 24.85±5.62 dB HL in COVID-19,p=0.001).Statistical significance persisted after adjusting for confounders such as age,gender and various comorbidities(p<0.05).Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 may affect hearing in COVID-19 patients with moderate-severe disease.Results are in line with the previous suggested effects of COVID-19 on auditory system.This study is expected to encourage further research on this topic.展开更多
An efficient calibration algorithm for an ambulatory audiometric test system is proposed. This system utilizes a personal digital assistant (PDA) device to generate the correct sound pressure level (SPL) from an audio...An efficient calibration algorithm for an ambulatory audiometric test system is proposed. This system utilizes a personal digital assistant (PDA) device to generate the correct sound pressure level (SPL) from an audiometric transducer such as an earphone. The calibrated sound intensities for an audio-logical examination can be obtained in terms of the sound pressure levels of pure-tonal sinusoidal signals in eight-banded frequency ranges (250, 500, 1 000, 2 000, 3 000, 4 000, 6 000 and 8 000 Hz), and with mapping of the input sound pressure levels by the weight coefficients that are tuned by the delta learning rule. With this scheme, the sound intensities, which evoke eight-banded sound pressure levels by 5 dB steps from a minimum of 25 dB to a maximum of 80 dB, can be generated without volume displacement. Consequently, these sound intensities can be utilized to accurately determine the hearing threshold of a subject in the ambulatory audiometric testing environment.展开更多
<strong>Aim:</strong> Chronic otitis media (COM) is chronic muco purulent discharge through a perforated tympanic membrane. Theossicular chain damage is found in both mucosal and squamosal types of COM. We...<strong>Aim:</strong> Chronic otitis media (COM) is chronic muco purulent discharge through a perforated tympanic membrane. Theossicular chain damage is found in both mucosal and squamosal types of COM. We aim to evaluate relationship between preoperative otologic features, pure tone audiometric findings and intraoperative ossicular chain status in patients with chronic otitis media. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> 100 patients of either sex aged between 12 to 60 years operated for active or inactive, squamosal or mucosal chronic otitis media attending Ram Lal Eye and ENT Hospital, Government Medical College Amritsar were taken. The preoperative ossicular chain status based on set parameters was compared with the intraoperative ossicular chain status. <strong>Results:</strong> The ossicular chain integrity is more commonly compromised in squamosal COM and the most common ossicle eroded is Incus. Pure tone audiogram has got a very important role in determining the ossicular chain integrity preoperatively and must be done in all cases with accuracy. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> It is concluded that on the basis of otoscopic examination and pure tone audiometry values, we can accurately classify the COM as mucosal or squamosal type and get an idea of the ossicular chain integrity preoperatively hence planning the extent of surgery.展开更多
目的研究纯音测听对听骨链病变类型的预测价值,以及不同类型听骨链病变患者听骨链重建术后的远期听力效果。方法回顾性分析2013年至2017年间于北京大学第三医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科行鼓室成形及听骨链重建术的患者,按照术中发现的听骨链病...目的研究纯音测听对听骨链病变类型的预测价值,以及不同类型听骨链病变患者听骨链重建术后的远期听力效果。方法回顾性分析2013年至2017年间于北京大学第三医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科行鼓室成形及听骨链重建术的患者,按照术中发现的听骨链病变类型将其分为3组:(A)听骨链中断组,(BC)听骨链固定组,(D)听骨链完整而被病变包绕组。比较3组患者术前、术后的纯音测听结果,包括平均气导听阈(pure tone audiometry,PTA)、气骨导差(airbonegap,ABG)以及各频率的气、骨导阈值。结果入组92例患者,共计93侧耳,随访时间均大于6个月。3组患者术前PTA、ABG及各频率气导阈值均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。D组术前气导呈低频下降为主的听力曲线,骨导听力基本正常;A组与BC组术前气导呈平坦型下降曲线,伴有明显的中高频骨导下降。3组患者术后PTA、ABG均较术前显著降低(P<0.05),其中BC组阈值降低最明显,D组术后低频听阈基本恢复到正常范围。结论当听骨链中断且固定时,其听力损失主要由听骨链固定所致。听骨链固定引起的听力下降程度最重,骨气导间距最大,听骨链完整但被病变包绕引起的听力损失最轻。听骨链重建术能够有效改善患者的听力,其中听骨链固定的患者术后听力改善程度最明显。展开更多
文摘Purpose:To investigate the correlation between vestibular hydrops(VH),cochlearhydrops(CH),vestibular aqueduct non-visibility(VANV),and visually increased perilymphatic enhancement(VIPE)with the findings of pure-tone audiometry(PTA)in Meniere’s disease(MD)patients.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,53 ears belonging to 48 patients were divided into two groups and evaluated.In group“MD patients,”there were 24 ears of 19 patients diagnosed with the definite MD(14 patients with unilateral and 5 patients withbilateral involvements).The“control group”consisted of 29 non-symptomatic ears belonging to patients diagnosed with unilateral sudden sensory-neural hearing loss or unilateral schwannoma.All the patients underwent 2 sessions of temporal bone MRI using the same 3T system:an unenhanced axial T1,T2,and 3D-FLAIR MRI,an intravenous gadoliniumenhanced axial T1 fat-sat,and 4 h after the injection,an axial 3D-T2 cube and 3D-FLAIR session.VH,CH,VANV,and VIPE were assessed.Subsequently,the correlation between EH indices and PTA findings(in three frequency domains of low,middle,and high)were evaluated,and the predictive value of MRI was calculated.Results:VH was significantly correlated with the hearing threshold in the low,middle,and highfrequency domains.CH was also correlated with the hearing threshold in the low and middle domains.Contrarily,VIPE was not associated with hearing thresholds,and VANV was only correlated with the hearing threshold in low frequencies.Conclusion:The grade of VH,CH,and VANV were significantly correlated with the hearing thresholds in PTA.
文摘目的研制7套具备音位平衡特征的双音节测试材料并进行等价性分析。方法按照常用原则,在解放军军语空军部分筛选出500条军事飞行人员地空交流常用的双音节词,并选取歼击机、运输机及直升机各30名飞行人员对词表常用程度进行调查,确定难度一致的双音节词343个,按照音位平衡原则制成7张(每张49词)双音节测试词表。选取28名年龄18~25岁的飞行人员,使用7张飞行人员指令性双音节词表作为测试材料,使用0、4、8、12 dB HL四个固定强度从低到高的顺序进行言语测试,受试者聆听7张词表的顺序不同,记录每张词表在各个声强下的言语识别率。使用SPSS 26.0对结果进行分析。结果7张词表相互等价性较好(P>0.05);在不同测试强度下言语识别率有显著差异(P<0.001)。言语识别率强度函数(P-I)曲线平均斜率为4.12%/dB;当识别率为50%时,给声强度平均值为(4.31±0.35)dB HL,斜率为7.28%/dB,为曲线中最陡峭部分;识别率20%~80%线性区域平均斜率为4.98%/dB。结论该研究表明所编制的7张飞行人员指令性双音节词表具有较好的等价性,并建立了听力正常飞行人员的P-I曲线,可应用于临床测试、实验研究及医学鉴定工作中。
文摘Objective:To investigate if routine audiometry in Bell’s palsy patients has prognostic value.Methods:Retrospective case review was conducted on all Bell’s palsy patients(n紏191)seen at the tertiary otolaryngology specialist outpatient clinic from 2015 to 2017.Correlation of ipsilesional audiometric thresholds with patients’time-to-recovery and initial clinical severity(measured by House-Brackmann(HB)scoring)were used for the prognostic outcome measure.Audiometry results were analyzed using three contiguous frequency pure-tone average(1kHz,2kHz,4kHz).Statistical analysis was done via Stata(v13.1),significance tests were 2-sided at 5%significance level.Results:There was no significant difference between audiometric thresholds between the ipsilesional ear and the contralateral ear(p=0.87).Time-to-recovery was significantly longer for patients with severe initial presentation as compared to mild and moderate severity(p<0.01).There was no correlation found between the audiometry results and HB score at presentation(p=0.39).There was no correlation found between ipsilesional audiometric thresholds and time-to-recovery(p=0.58).Conclusion:Our study suggests that routine audiometry has limited prognostic value in Bell’s palsy patients.
文摘Objective: To determine the audiometric profile of deafness in our practice. Materials and Methods: Longitudinal prospective study was conducted out in the ENT department and cervicofacial surgery of Gabriel Toure University Hospital in Bamako, we made an exhaustive sampling of all the patients who consulted for hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, hiring report, medical expertise and whose deafness was confirmed to tonal audiometry with an age greater than or equal to 15 years. It was spread over 10 months (June 2016 to March 2017). A total of 200 patients were collected. Exclusion criteria were all patients under 15 years of age as well as deafness related to earwax or foreign bodies, and refusal to participate in the study Results: During our study period, 6055 outpatients were admitted out of which 734 patients underwent audiometric testing and 200 patients (3.30%) met our criteria. The male sex was the most represented with a rate of 60%. The sex ratio was 1.5 or 3 men for 2 women. The 15 to 25 age group was the most represented at 37.5%. The average age was 37.18 years old with extremes ranging from 15 to 83 years old. Pupils/students were the most represented with a rate of 29.5%, followed by housewives in 23%, farmers in 10.5% and military in 10%. As antecedent 26% of our patients had a chronic otitis media (OMC), against 23% who had no antecedent otological and 17% had a traumatic antecedent. Bilateral deafness was the most common with a rate of 64.5%. The mode of progressive appearance was the most frequent in 74.5%. As functional signs 46.22% of our patients had a hearing loss associated with tinnitus. Otoscopic examination was pathological in 34.5% of our patients. Mixed deafness was the most common in 43.35%, followed by perception deafness in 32.19% and transmission deafness 24.46%. Mean deafness was the most common with a rate of 48.91%, was severe in 20.22%, mild in 18.31%, deep in 11.47% and cophotic in 01.09%. Asymmetrical curves were the most found in 65.89% of our patients. Conclusion: Deafness is a sensory disability responsible for communication disorder, sometimes disabling. Audiometry, although subjective, remains essential in the diagnosis of deafness.
文摘It′s generally believed that the appropriate stimuli for sound field tests are warble tones and narrow band noise, while pure tone can only be a signal used in the free field and earphone listening conditions. In this study, we take a measurement of sound pressure distribution, sound field variability, and effects of frequency shifting on sound pressure levels (SPLs) at reference points of pure tone in an audiometric test room. It was found that the pure tone SPLs were also distributed uniformly at some sound field areas although it was not so well as warble tones. This indicated that the test results were relatively stable to head movement and/or frequency shifting in those regions, which was confirmed by the clinical measurements on 20 subjects with severe sensorineural hearing loss. Our study concluded that pure tones could also be suitable for sound field audiometry if subjects were seated at a proper location on the basis of the sound field calibrations.
文摘Purpose COVID-19 associated hearing loss is still an ongoing matter of debate.No original studies exist on audiological effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized patients.The main objective was to determine whether SARS-CoV-2 may affect auditory function in clinically ill COVID-19 patients.Materials and methods COVID-19 patients with moderate-severe disease and without prior history of hearing abnormalities were enrolled from a tertiary referral center,and matched with controls.Participants performed an audiometric evaluation,and thresholds were compared.Results 120 ears from 60 patients were enrolled.Patients with COVID-19 showed worse mean auditory thresholds starting from 1000 Hz through higher frequencies,when compared to controls(1000 Hz:18.52±5.49 dB HL in controls vs 25.36±6.79 dB HL in COVID-19,p<0.001;2000Hz:17.50±5.57 dB HL in controls vs 21.96±7.05 dB HL in COVID-19,p=0.010;3000Hz:17.97±8.07 dB HL in controls vs 25±9.38 dB HL in COVID-19,p=0.003;4000 Hz:20.16±10.12 dB HL in controls vs 29.55±11.26 dB HL in COVID-19,p=0.001;8000 Hz:31.09±12.75 dB HL in controls vs 40.71±19.40 dB HL in COVID-19,p=0.030;Pure Tone Average:20.42±4.29 dB HL in controls vs 24.85±5.62 dB HL in COVID-19,p=0.001).Statistical significance persisted after adjusting for confounders such as age,gender and various comorbidities(p<0.05).Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 may affect hearing in COVID-19 patients with moderate-severe disease.Results are in line with the previous suggested effects of COVID-19 on auditory system.This study is expected to encourage further research on this topic.
基金supported by the grant of the Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (The Regional Core Research Program/Chungbuk BIT Research-Oriented University Consortium)
文摘An efficient calibration algorithm for an ambulatory audiometric test system is proposed. This system utilizes a personal digital assistant (PDA) device to generate the correct sound pressure level (SPL) from an audiometric transducer such as an earphone. The calibrated sound intensities for an audio-logical examination can be obtained in terms of the sound pressure levels of pure-tonal sinusoidal signals in eight-banded frequency ranges (250, 500, 1 000, 2 000, 3 000, 4 000, 6 000 and 8 000 Hz), and with mapping of the input sound pressure levels by the weight coefficients that are tuned by the delta learning rule. With this scheme, the sound intensities, which evoke eight-banded sound pressure levels by 5 dB steps from a minimum of 25 dB to a maximum of 80 dB, can be generated without volume displacement. Consequently, these sound intensities can be utilized to accurately determine the hearing threshold of a subject in the ambulatory audiometric testing environment.
文摘<strong>Aim:</strong> Chronic otitis media (COM) is chronic muco purulent discharge through a perforated tympanic membrane. Theossicular chain damage is found in both mucosal and squamosal types of COM. We aim to evaluate relationship between preoperative otologic features, pure tone audiometric findings and intraoperative ossicular chain status in patients with chronic otitis media. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> 100 patients of either sex aged between 12 to 60 years operated for active or inactive, squamosal or mucosal chronic otitis media attending Ram Lal Eye and ENT Hospital, Government Medical College Amritsar were taken. The preoperative ossicular chain status based on set parameters was compared with the intraoperative ossicular chain status. <strong>Results:</strong> The ossicular chain integrity is more commonly compromised in squamosal COM and the most common ossicle eroded is Incus. Pure tone audiogram has got a very important role in determining the ossicular chain integrity preoperatively and must be done in all cases with accuracy. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> It is concluded that on the basis of otoscopic examination and pure tone audiometry values, we can accurately classify the COM as mucosal or squamosal type and get an idea of the ossicular chain integrity preoperatively hence planning the extent of surgery.
文摘目的研究纯音测听对听骨链病变类型的预测价值,以及不同类型听骨链病变患者听骨链重建术后的远期听力效果。方法回顾性分析2013年至2017年间于北京大学第三医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科行鼓室成形及听骨链重建术的患者,按照术中发现的听骨链病变类型将其分为3组:(A)听骨链中断组,(BC)听骨链固定组,(D)听骨链完整而被病变包绕组。比较3组患者术前、术后的纯音测听结果,包括平均气导听阈(pure tone audiometry,PTA)、气骨导差(airbonegap,ABG)以及各频率的气、骨导阈值。结果入组92例患者,共计93侧耳,随访时间均大于6个月。3组患者术前PTA、ABG及各频率气导阈值均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。D组术前气导呈低频下降为主的听力曲线,骨导听力基本正常;A组与BC组术前气导呈平坦型下降曲线,伴有明显的中高频骨导下降。3组患者术后PTA、ABG均较术前显著降低(P<0.05),其中BC组阈值降低最明显,D组术后低频听阈基本恢复到正常范围。结论当听骨链中断且固定时,其听力损失主要由听骨链固定所致。听骨链固定引起的听力下降程度最重,骨气导间距最大,听骨链完整但被病变包绕引起的听力损失最轻。听骨链重建术能够有效改善患者的听力,其中听骨链固定的患者术后听力改善程度最明显。
