Further Studies of the Cap Pushing Response in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera)

The Cap Pushing Response (CPR) is a free-flying technique used to study learning and memory in honey bees (Apis mellifera). The series of experiments outlined in this paper aimed to test whether honey bees exhibit the cognitive concept of “expectancy” utilizing the CPR in a weight differentiation paradigm. Five previous experiments in our laboratory have explored whether the concept of expectancy can account for honey bee performance and have all failed to support the cognitive interpretation. The first experiment examined if bees could differentiate between the two caps in the amount of force they used to push the cap and the distance the cap was pushed when the caps were presented one at a time. The second experiment explored cap weight preference by presenting bees with a choice between the two caps. The third and fourth experiments tested the bee’s ability to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. Results revealed that bees were found to have a strong preference for the light cap and therefore were not able to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. These experiments contribute to the debate on whether bees have “cognitive” representations and continue to support the behaviorist interpretation.

Pushing Rural Revitalisation

Key policy document sets goals for China’s rural work for 2023 China has outlined nine key tasks for comprehensively promoting rural revitalisation this year in the “No.1 central document” of 2023 released on 13 February. As the first policy statement from China’s central authorities each year, the document.

Failure characterization of fully grouted rock bolts under triaxial testing

Confining stresses serve as a pivotal determinant in shaping the behavior of grouted rock bolts.Nonetheless,prior investigations have oversimplified the three-dimensional stress state,primarily assuming hydrostatic stress conditions.Under these conditions,it is assumed that the intermediate principal stress(σ_(2))equals the minimum principal stress(σ_(3)).This assumption overlooks the potential variations in magnitudes of in situ stress conditions along all three directions near an underground opening where a rock bolt is installed.In this study,a series of push tests was meticulously conducted under triaxial conditions.These tests involved applying non-uniform confining stresses(σ_(2)≠σ_(3))to cubic specimens,aiming to unveil the previously overlooked influence of intermediate principal stresses on the strength properties of rock bolts.The results show that as the confining stresses increase from zero to higher levels,the pre-failure behavior changes from linear to nonlinear forms,resulting in an increase in initial stiffness from 2.08 kN/mm to 32.51 kN/mm.The load-displacement curves further illuminate distinct post-failure behavior at elevated levels of confining stresses,characterized by enhanced stiffness.Notably,the peak load capacity ranged from 27.9 kN to 46.5 kN as confining stresses advanced from σ_(2)=σ_(3)=0 to σ_(2)=20 MPa and σ_(3)=10 MPa.Additionally,the outcomes highlight an influence of confining stress on the lateral deformation of samples.Lower levels of confinement prompt overall dilation in lateral deformation,while higher confinements maintain a state of shrinkage.Furthermore,diverse failure modes have been identified,intricately tied to the arrangement of confining stresses.Lower confinements tend to induce a splitting mode of failure,whereas higher loads bring about a shift towards a pure interfacial shear-off and shear-crushed failure mechanism.

Assessing the energy release characteristics during the middle detonation reaction stage of aluminized explosives

Afterburning behind the detonation front of an aluminized explosive releases energy on the millisecond timescale,which prolong the release of detonation energy and the energy release at different stages also shows significant differences.However,at present,there are few effective methods for evaluating the energy release characteristics of the middle reaction stage of such explosives,which can have a duration of tens to hundreds of microseconds.The present work demonstrates an approach to assessing the midstage of an aluminized explosive detonation based on a water push test employing a high degree of confinement.In this method,the explosive is contained in a steel cylinder having one end closed that is installed at the bottom of a transparent water tank.Upon detonation,the gaseous products expand in one direction while forcing water ahead of them.The resulting underwater shock wave and the interface between the gas phase products and the water are tracked using an ultra-high-speed framing and streak camera.The shock wave velocity in water and the expansion work performed by the gaseous detonation products were calculated to assess the energy release characteristics of aluminized explosives such as CL-20 and RDX in the middle stage of the detonation reaction.During the middle stage of the detonation process of these aluminized explosives,the aluminum reaction reduced the attenuation of shock waves and increased the work performed by gas phase products.A higher aluminum content increased the energy output while the presence of oxidants slowed the energy release rate.This work demonstrates an effective means of evaluating the performance of aluminized explosives.

The Security Governance and Strategic Stability Challenges of Artificial Intelligence amid Major-Power Competition

The rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI),especially the breakthroughs in generative AI technology,has pushed AI to the forefront of the information technology revolution and made the impacts of AI development and its governance model an issue of great concern to the world.In November 2023,the first global AI Safety Summit held at Bletchley Park of the UK released the Bletchley Declaration signed by 28 countries and regional organizations.

EMERGING INDUSTRIES CREATE NEW JOBS

Youth serve as a major economic asset for a country and can help propel its growth and development endeavors to new heights.Given China’s push for a series of technological and industrial upgrades,there is enormous room to spur new employment opportunities which in turn will advance technological progress.

Zhejiang’s Push for Higher Efficiency in Government Services

A band of programs have been implemented in Zhejiang with the aim of streamlining administrative processes in the public interest.ENHANCING executive efficiency remains one of the priorities of east China’s Zhejiang Province,a coastal economic powerhouse.Over the past decade,it has launched a series of reforms to improve government performance and to better serve businesses and residents.

CHINA’S PUSH FOR UNIFIED NATIONAL MARKET BRINGS NEW OPPORTUNITIES

In recent years,China has implemented measures to advance the building of a unified national market,aiming to boost domestic demand and consolidate the foundations of its economic recovery.In March 2022,the Chinese government issued a guideline on accelerating the construction of a unified national market.The issue was also a focus at the annual Central Economic Work Conference held in December 2023.

How to Break Through the“Third Wall”of Cosmetics Science Communication?

Stepping into 2024,with the increase of“knowledge density”of Chinese consumers,the“marketing discourse”of beauty brands has shifted from a perceptual“word game”to a serious“scientific argument”.Perhaps some brands will shout“good times are coming”.But the reality is that communication turns out to be the weakest part between brand technology and consumers.Under the condition of technological“involution”and fragmented media ecology,the trust cost of brand communication is being pushed to a new high,and the efficiency of communication is rapidly decreasing.Many enterprises are trapped in the dilemma of content that is difficult to be expressed and communicated.

Supporting Industrialisation Drive

As Africa pushes forward its industrialisation process,the Chinese-built industrial parks and free trade zones have assumed special significance as drivers of the region’s industrial development and job creation.At the same time,Africa is also learning from China’s successful experience in industrialisation.What are the ways in which China and African countries can deepen industrial cooperation?What are the roadblocks to such cooperation and the process of industrialisation in Africa?

Shelton Vision pushes the needle on Al-assisted quality control

MANCHESTER,UK-Having successfully demonstrated its WebSpector automated fabric inspection system detecting faults on camouflage fabrics at speeds of up to 100metres a minute during ITMA 2023,BTMA member Shelton Vision has secured an unprecedented number of new orders in many fields of the textile industry.The company has subsequently been recruiting additional staff in order to beef up its operations to meet delivery times and to grow capacity for the ongoing increased demand.

Seeking More Influence In Global Affairs

Uganda hosts NAM and G77+China summits with calls to push back against unilateralism.Uganda played host to two important summits in January.The 19th Summit of Heads of State and Government of the Non-Aligned Movement(NAM)on 19 January,and the Third South Summit of the G77+China on 21 January,both took place in the nation’s capital of Kampala.Importantly,it was the first time for the South Summit to be held in Africa.China was well represented at both summits,which attracted over 2,000 leaders and delegates,including over 20 heads of states.

PUSH技术在智能电表中的应用

介绍智能电表推送(PUSH)技术的基本原理和解决方案,并对不同解决方案进行分析和比较,最后指出应用推送技术时采用的最优化方案,并深入研究数据传输可靠性和大批量数据传输时通道堵塞技术问题,提出解决方案。

基于区分性Model Pushing的语种识别方法

提出一种区分性Model Pushing方法,将SVM训练出的支持向量沿最优分类面的法线方向进行适当移动,增大不同语种间的区分性,然后将移动后的支持向量反向应用于GMM。该方法既保留了SVM的区分性信息,又利用了GMM在短时语音上的优势,同时增加了目标与非目标的区分度。实验结果表明,区分性Model Pushing能有效地提高识别性能。

Collaborative Pushing and Grasping of Tightly Stacked Objects via Deep Reinforcement Learning

Directly grasping the tightly stacked objects may cause collisions and result in failures,degenerating the functionality of robotic arms.Inspired by the observation that first pushing objects to a state of mutual separation and then grasping them individually can effectively increase the success rate,we devise a novel deep Q-learning framework to achieve collaborative pushing and grasping.Specifically,an efficient non-maximum suppression policy(PolicyNMS)is proposed to dynamically evaluate pushing and grasping actions by enforcing a suppression constraint on unreasonable actions.Moreover,a novel data-driven pushing reward network called PR-Net is designed to effectively assess the degree of separation or aggregation between objects.To benchmark the proposed method,we establish a dataset containing common household items dataset(CHID)in both simulation and real scenarios.Although trained using simulation data only,experiment results validate that our method generalizes well to real scenarios and achieves a 97%grasp success rate at a fast speed for object separation in the real-world environment.

Pushing the Data Capacity Limit with Lasers on Silicon

On 9 September 2016,global Internet data traffic flew past the milestone of 1 ZB,or 1021 bytes-a trillion gigabytes-per year.If you imagine every one of those gigabytes as a brick,a trillion of them would allow you to build 258 Great Walls of China,one analyst estimated[1].It took nearly 40 years for the Internet to hit that mark.By 2022,annual Internet traffic is expected to reach almost 5 ZB[2].

Study on distribution rule of sliding pushing force and remnant resistant sliding force acting on anti-sliding pile

Anti-slide pile is one of the important methods to administer landslide geological disaster because of its advantages.It plays important role in administering landslide.It is a premise of reasonable economy and technological advance to know the distribution rule and feature of the force between anti-sliding pile and surrounding rock.To determine the sliding force and remnant resistant sliding force,according to need of study,this paper sets up the geological model and mechanics model in term of a typical landslide,and analyzes the effect rule of sliding body distortion,strength and gravity to the pushing force and remnant resistant sliding force by use of the numerical model.The distribution rule of pushing force and remnant resistant sliding force of the type of landslide is given.

Conflicts and Methods of Handling Differences Between Chinese and American Culture in the Movie Pushing Hand

The movie Pushing Hands demonstrated the conflicts in the process of intercultural communication between China andwestern countries, revealing different perspectives of culture values. However, these conflicts of intercultural communication canbe handled by accepting and communicating, and understanding others' cultures.

Theoretical and experimental study on frequency pushing effect of magnetron

The applications of magnetrons are greatly limited because of the poor output spectrum of the free-running magnetron.Currently, one of the best ways to solve this problem is injection locking. However, the injection locking theory which is widely used nowadays is based on the simplified oscillator, which does not include the frequency pushing effect of the magnetron. In this paper, the theory of injection locking magnetrons with frequency pushing effect is systematically studied.Analytical analysis shows that the locking bandwidth turns larger with the consideration of the pushing parameter(α), and the increase of locking bandwidth is expanded with α increasing. Experimental results show that the locking bandwidth is expanded by 0.3 MHz, 1 MHz, and 1.6 MHz compared with the locking bandwidth from the conventional locking theory under an injection ratio(ρ) of 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1, respectively. This research provides a more accurate prediction of the properties of the injection-locked magnetron.

Position Optimum Analysis of Aerospace Relay's Pushing Rod

The reliability of aerospace relay directly influences the reliability of thewhole system. The analysis and research on the optimum position of aerospace relay's pushing rodare an important process of aerospace relay reliability design. In the past, most researches weredone for electromagnetic systems and spring systems of aerospace relays. However, there was not anyresearch on the position of the pushing rod. An analytical method for the optimum position ofaerospace relay's pushing rod is presented in this paper. From four aspects, including theelectromagnetic force and torque, work done by the electromagnetic force and displacement, theoptimum position of a pushing rod is investigated based on the analysis of a straight spring system.The conclusions can be used to direct the optimum design and assembling of aerospace relays.