目的调查分析我院临床分离的鲍曼不动杆菌菌株中耐药基因的分布情况及部分多重耐药株的流行病学特点。方法收集2016年1~6月我院院内分离的150株鲍曼不动杆菌,MIC法测定其对抗生素的敏感性;将对三类以上抗生素耐药的菌株定义为多重耐药菌...目的调查分析我院临床分离的鲍曼不动杆菌菌株中耐药基因的分布情况及部分多重耐药株的流行病学特点。方法收集2016年1~6月我院院内分离的150株鲍曼不动杆菌,MIC法测定其对抗生素的敏感性;将对三类以上抗生素耐药的菌株定义为多重耐药菌,运用PCR法检测qac EΔ1-sul1和int I 1基因在所分离菌株中的分布,并用PFGE法对其中多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌进行分子分型。结果鲍曼不动杆菌敏感率排行前三的药物为妥布霉素(50.0%)、庆大霉素(44.2%)和亚胺培南(42.4%);84株多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌中排行前三的药物为美罗培南(33.3%)、头孢哌酮(33.3%)和左氧氟沙星(13.1%);qac EΔ1-sul1和int I 1在鲍曼不动杆菌中的携带率为46.2%(85/150)和58.0%(88/150);在多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌中的携带率为59.5%(49/84)和83.4%(70/84)。多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌经PFGE分型可分为14个克隆,其中A克隆最多见,在ICU、呼吸科和急诊病房均存在集中流行,神经内科和老年科以C克隆多见,其余均为散在流行。结论 qac EΔ1-sul1和int I 1在鲍曼不动杆菌中的携带率很高,在多重耐药株中更高,说明I类整合子是鲍曼不动杆菌产生耐药的原因之一,研发新的消毒剂以消除鲍曼不动杆菌在院内的流行迫在眉睫,此外同一克隆株在同一病区的集中流行和在病区间的交叉流行提示应采取进一步的感染控制和隔离措施。展开更多
In the past decade, uses of antiseptics and disinfectants in hospitals and other health care centers are rather common, but the chance to develop resistance to antiseptics and disinfectants is also increased. Acinetob...In the past decade, uses of antiseptics and disinfectants in hospitals and other health care centers are rather common, but the chance to develop resistance to antiseptics and disinfectants is also increased. Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the opportunistic bacteria involving in the nosocomial infection. In the present study, the correlation of the antiseptic resistance in A. baumannii and the antiseptic resistance gene qacEΔ 1 was investigated by means of determination of MICs. Meanwhile, the MICs of glutaraldehyde, chlorhexidine, benzalkonium bromide, iodophor and trichloroisocyanurate to 80 clinical isolates of A. baumannii were detected by tube dilution assay and the resistance genes intll and qacE Δ 1 in these isolates were amplified by PCR and verified by DNA sequencer. It was found that the MIC50 for these 5 antiseptics tested were 32, 8, 8, 4 and 1 μg/ml respectively, and the detection rates of intll and qacEΔ1 gene were 60.0% and 77.6% respectively. In addition, 55% of the 80 isolates simultaneously possessed both intll and qacEΔ1 gene, and the percentage of antiseptic resistance of A. baumannii carring both genes to benzalkonium bromide were higher than that without these two genes, however, there was no significant difference between intll and qacEΔ1 gene. The result in bactericidal efficiency assay indicated that chlorhexidine could still produce rapid and strong bactericidal effect at concentration of 1 MIC after 10 rain exposure. These results suggest that the antiseptic resistance of A. baumannil to various antiseptics is correlated with the presence of the antiseptic resistance genes qacEΔ 1 in bacteria, thus warning that the increase of the antiseptic resistance should not be ignored and the relative high concentration or prolonged application time is required to achieve a sufficient bactericidal effect.展开更多
文摘目的调查分析我院临床分离的鲍曼不动杆菌菌株中耐药基因的分布情况及部分多重耐药株的流行病学特点。方法收集2016年1~6月我院院内分离的150株鲍曼不动杆菌,MIC法测定其对抗生素的敏感性;将对三类以上抗生素耐药的菌株定义为多重耐药菌,运用PCR法检测qac EΔ1-sul1和int I 1基因在所分离菌株中的分布,并用PFGE法对其中多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌进行分子分型。结果鲍曼不动杆菌敏感率排行前三的药物为妥布霉素(50.0%)、庆大霉素(44.2%)和亚胺培南(42.4%);84株多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌中排行前三的药物为美罗培南(33.3%)、头孢哌酮(33.3%)和左氧氟沙星(13.1%);qac EΔ1-sul1和int I 1在鲍曼不动杆菌中的携带率为46.2%(85/150)和58.0%(88/150);在多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌中的携带率为59.5%(49/84)和83.4%(70/84)。多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌经PFGE分型可分为14个克隆,其中A克隆最多见,在ICU、呼吸科和急诊病房均存在集中流行,神经内科和老年科以C克隆多见,其余均为散在流行。结论 qac EΔ1-sul1和int I 1在鲍曼不动杆菌中的携带率很高,在多重耐药株中更高,说明I类整合子是鲍曼不动杆菌产生耐药的原因之一,研发新的消毒剂以消除鲍曼不动杆菌在院内的流行迫在眉睫,此外同一克隆株在同一病区的集中流行和在病区间的交叉流行提示应采取进一步的感染控制和隔离措施。
文摘In the past decade, uses of antiseptics and disinfectants in hospitals and other health care centers are rather common, but the chance to develop resistance to antiseptics and disinfectants is also increased. Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the opportunistic bacteria involving in the nosocomial infection. In the present study, the correlation of the antiseptic resistance in A. baumannii and the antiseptic resistance gene qacEΔ 1 was investigated by means of determination of MICs. Meanwhile, the MICs of glutaraldehyde, chlorhexidine, benzalkonium bromide, iodophor and trichloroisocyanurate to 80 clinical isolates of A. baumannii were detected by tube dilution assay and the resistance genes intll and qacE Δ 1 in these isolates were amplified by PCR and verified by DNA sequencer. It was found that the MIC50 for these 5 antiseptics tested were 32, 8, 8, 4 and 1 μg/ml respectively, and the detection rates of intll and qacEΔ1 gene were 60.0% and 77.6% respectively. In addition, 55% of the 80 isolates simultaneously possessed both intll and qacEΔ1 gene, and the percentage of antiseptic resistance of A. baumannii carring both genes to benzalkonium bromide were higher than that without these two genes, however, there was no significant difference between intll and qacEΔ1 gene. The result in bactericidal efficiency assay indicated that chlorhexidine could still produce rapid and strong bactericidal effect at concentration of 1 MIC after 10 rain exposure. These results suggest that the antiseptic resistance of A. baumannil to various antiseptics is correlated with the presence of the antiseptic resistance genes qacEΔ 1 in bacteria, thus warning that the increase of the antiseptic resistance should not be ignored and the relative high concentration or prolonged application time is required to achieve a sufficient bactericidal effect.