Process Analysis of Double Circuit Transmission Line Trip-out on the Same Tower Due to Lightning

In recent years,several failures of double circuit transmission line on the same tower due to lightning were happened in Beijing power grid.Although it can be reclosed successful,the lightning strike caused a grave threat to the power grid security.The cause of the accident and the accident process were studied for the sake of further understanding of the impact of lightning on power grid.As an example,110 kV double circuit transmission line(Xilong-line) was analyzed.At first,the system topology was given.Through the analysis on relay protection actions and the fault recorder data,over voltage on the insulator strings was calculated.Based on the analysis and the calculation,accident cause and the process were presented respectively.Secondly,it comes to the conclusion that the lightning failure was caused by counterattack.The wave of the lightning over voltage would spread to the not grounded neutral point of the transformers,and make the neutral protective gap breakdown,then cause freewheeling with the frequency of 50 Hz.As results of the relay protection,the double circuit transmission line all tripped out.Finally,the causes of the accident were proposed that included terrain features,large corner towers,strong thunderstorm weather and poor grounded contact of the tower.

A New Principle of Fault Identification of on the Same Tower Based on Traveling Wave Reactive Powers

In order to improve the reliability of fault identification of the double-circuit transmission lines on the same tower, a new algorithm for fast protection of double-circuit transmission lines on the same tower based on the reactive powers of traveling wave is proposed. With the implementation of S-transform, the initial traveling wave reactive powers are calculated and the change characteristics of reactive power under different fault conditions are studied. The protection criterion is constructed by analyzing the ratio of the reactive powers of the same end on double-circuit transmission lines and the ratio of the reactive powers at both ends on the same line. According to the ratio of reactive power on the same side of the line and both ends of the same line, it is possible to identify whether the faults of the double-circuit line of the same tower occurred in or out of the protection zone. A large number of simulation results show that the protection performance is sensitive and reliable, and quick to respond. The criterion is simple and is basically not affected by fault initial angles, fault types, and transitional resistances.

A High Efficiency Hardware Implementation of S-Boxes Based on Composite Field for Advanced Encryption Standard

The SubBytes (S-box) transformation is the most crucial operation in the AES algorithm, significantly impacting the implementation performance of AES chips. To design a high-performance S-box, a segmented optimization implementation of the S-box is proposed based on the composite field inverse operation in this paper. This proposed S-box implementation is modeled using Verilog language and synthesized using Design Complier software under the premise of ensuring the correctness of the simulation result. The synthesis results show that, compared to several current S-box implementation schemes, the proposed implementation of the S-box significantly reduces the area overhead and critical path delay, then gets higher hardware efficiency. This provides strong support for realizing efficient and compact S-box ASIC designs.

运用Sawyer Tower电路测试薄膜铁电性能

声表面波煤矿瓦斯传感器是一种新型瓦斯传感器,PZT基高压电铁电薄膜是该类传感器制备的理想功能材料,铁电性作为PZT基铁电薄膜的另一个重要性能对传感器的工作特点和稳定性具有重要影响。因而,测试并掌握具有高压电性铁电薄膜的铁电性也是器件材料表征的一项重要工作。采用Sawyer Tower电路原理,自主设计铁电测试电路,制备PZT基铁电薄膜,并利用该电路测试薄膜的铁电性。由实验结果可知,自主设计的Sawyer Tower电路能简便、有效、准确和直观的测试薄膜的铁电性能,有望广泛应用于薄膜铁电性能测试及研究。

运行方式对闭式冷却塔换热性能影响研究

运用Matlab GUI功能开发闭式冷却塔校核软件,利用该闭式冷却塔校核软件计算在不同空气流向、不同热流体流向、有无填料的条件下闭式冷却塔的总换热量及热流体温下降情况,并对其进行对比分析,研究得出不同淋水温度、不同空气干球温度下换热性能最优的闭式冷却塔运行方式。

新型手抛式输电线路接地线的研究

为适应超特高压输电线的快速发展和检修工作的需要,解决输电耐张塔内转角挂接困难的问题,结合现场工作实际,设计出一种手抛式接地线。对比传统已有的2种接地工具的弊端,提出新型接地线夹结构,通过机械设计连接,在接地线夹领域首次实现单方向受力双段控制线夹完成接地线的远距离抛挂及拆除。通过现场实地1∶1输电塔挂拆试验,顺利完成挂接,经过安全检测后已量产。根据电力生产需要,利用上述机械线夹结构思想,变更相应线夹尺寸、配置不同长度和截面接地铜线,将能应用于多种电压等级的输电线路接地。

拖车钻立塔油缸同步问题的探讨

拖车钻立塔油缸的同步关系到拖车钻设备在施工中的稳定性、安全性和使用寿命,在生产制造过程中需要通过一些方法使钻塔的立塔与落塔稳定、可靠,以核昌公司生产的HXY-800QT拖车钻为研究对象,介绍了液压缸不同步的原因及在生产制造过程中的经验总结和装配注意事项,为今后拖车钻在地质勘探行业的发展提供一些借鉴。

500 kV同塔四回输电线路雷电反击特性研究

500 kV同塔四回输电线路电压等级高、杆塔高、回路多,易发生雷电事故。以虞城换流站-玉山500 kV同塔四回输电线路中的主力杆塔SSZ直线塔为实例,分析了500 kV同塔四回输电线路的雷电反击特性。研究表明,随着雷电流幅值的增大,线路第一回、第四回、第六回线路相继发生闪络;随着杆塔呼高和杆塔冲击接地电阻的增大,反击耐雷水平快速降低,反击跳闸率迅速增加;杆塔横担波阻抗对500 kV同塔四回输电线路的反击耐雷水平影响较小。

110kV双回路新型复合横担输电塔受力性能研究

为研究110kV带二分拉杆的FRP复合横担双回路输电塔受力性能,采用有限元软件ANSYS建立复合横担塔分析模型,了解不同工况下输电塔的受力状态,对整塔位移和杆件轴力进行分析,得到各种荷载组合情况下的塔体受力情况,并与角钢塔对比。结果表明:复合横担塔以90°大风工况为控制工况;各工况作用下,钢构件的最大应力约为300MPa,位于塔腿主材处,复合材的最大应力约141MPa,位于复合材料拉杆处,塔体应力在安全裕度内,满足强度要求。

某光伏电站35 kV同塔四回送出线路零序电流过大原因分析及改善措施

广西某光伏电站采用35 kV同塔四回架空线路送出,电站扩容并网后,多次发生零序过流跳闸事故,严重影响电站电能送出。笔者采用理论分析和数值仿真相结合的方法,分析零序过流跳闸的原因,并提出相序优化布置方案,采用数值仿真工具验证所提方案的有效性;分析同塔四回线路在n-1故障状态下存在的问题,提出避开零序过流保护误动的建议。结果表明:跳闸故障是由于同塔四回线路相序布置不当引起的;优化方案的实施可有效解决送出线路中零序过流问题,现场测量结果与仿真计算结果基本一致,验证所提优化方案的正确性和有效性。研究成果可为同塔多回线路零序过流问题的分析和处理提供借鉴。

同塔多回高压输电铁塔结构设计及应用

我国电力系统发展中,局部地区面临高压直交流输电线路走廊交叉问题,可采取同塔多回高压输电架线模式,解决匮乏的线路走廊资源情况,需要优化设计输电铁塔结构,保证铁塔可靠性。文章以山东菏泽巨野彭越(段庄)220kV变电站110kV送出工程为例,简要分析同塔多回高压输电铁塔建设要求及结构设计,并以此为基础,提出实际应用措施,从而为相关工作者提供参考。

330 kV双回路下引式窄基钢管终端塔的研究应用

在一些新建输变电工程中,由于地形和周围障碍物的限制,变电站无法设置出线门型构架或采用电缆出线,需采用其他出线方式。根据工程实践,研究出一种330 kV双回路下引式窄基钢管终端塔的出线方式,线路通过330 kV支柱绝缘子沿终端塔塔身下引至变电GIS出线套管,解决了户内变电站需特殊设置出线门型构架的问题,使工程整体可行,技术经济效果良好,可供其他类似工程借鉴。

220kV与500kV混压同塔双回F型杆塔设计研究

随着电力输送能力的加大,输电走廊问题越来越突出,尤其征用土地、青苗赔偿、房屋拆迁等费用在工程投资中占比越来越大,且实施困难。以龙城—柴家寨220 kV输变电工程为例,对220 kV与500 kV混压同塔双回路F型窄基杆塔开展研究,研究中设计了3种方案,进行了局部方案样图、环境条件、导地线选型等数据对比,建议推荐采用方案三。

500 kV直流输电线路下方施工设备及人体感应电研究

针对500 kV同塔双回直流输电线路下方感应电相较于交流线路难以准确分析的问题,研究了同塔双回直流输电线路下方基础施工设备感应电分布规律及施工人员感应电防护措施。采用Solid Works和Ansoft Maxwell混合建模技术,分析了灌注桩基础设备感应电特性、工程施工装备对电场畸变的影响特性和线路下方施工人员位于不同位置时人体周围及体表的电场强度分布,结果表明:灌注桩钢筋笼和基础施工设备的存在会使线路下方的电场发生畸变,且越靠近杆塔畸变率越高,最大电场畸变率分别为75.54%和107.67%;人体体表及周围电场强度与杆塔距离相关,最大可达3830.01 mV/m。

基于相量–时间三维曲线特性的同塔双回输电线路参数自适应故障测距频域法

考虑到故障后可用数据窗缩短使故障暂态分量影响难以完全消除,以及线路参数在实际运行中的不确定变化,提出一种基于相量–时间三维曲线特性的同塔双回输电线路参数自适应故障测距频域法。利用随数据窗推移的离散傅里叶变换(discrete Fourier transform,DFT)输出的相量–时间特征,保留衰减直流产生的衰减偏置相量,构建补偿电压差值的相量–时间三维曲线观测模型,曲线特征在线路参数准确与偏离、观测点落于与偏离故障点时均存在显著差异。基于这种特征差异,采用非线性最小二乘法对补偿电压差时间序列样本进行曲线拟合,并利用拟合优度指标评估样本分布与准确参数估计和故障距离的三维曲线的相符程度,将线路参数估计与故障测距问题转化为拟合优度的优化问题。仿真验证表明,所提故障测距算法具有较高的测距精度。

同塔双回输电线路相参数新测量计算方法

输电线路相参数是线路过电压计算的基本参数,获取同塔双回交流线路的相参数对于指导工程运行是必要的。为准确获得同塔双回交流输电线路的相参数,建立微分形式的输电线路方程,对微分方程用拉普拉斯变换与反变换进行推导,获得输电线路相参数与各相导线首、末端电压和电流关系的测量用数学模型。在不同方式下,多次同步测量各相导线首、末端电压和电流,将所测数据代入模型求解参数。经仿真验证,对100~500km的线路最大偏差为1.47%,可适用于任意长度同塔双回线路,是一种新的相参数测量获取方法,满足电力系统过电压计算对参数准确性的需要。

Research on Total Electric Field for DC Lines Converted from Double-Circuit AC Lines

With rapid growth of power demand, transmission capacity is also in urgent need of upgrading. In some cases, converting existing AC transmission lines to DC lines can Improve the transmission capacity and reduce the construction investment. In this paper, the upstream finite element method was expanded to calculate the total electric field of same tower multi-circuit DC lines converted from double-circuit AC lines, and the validity of the algorithm was confirmed by experiments. Taking a DC line converted from a typical same tower 500 kV double-circuit AC transmission line as an example, the surface electric field and the ground total electric field in different pole conductor arrangement schemes were calculated and analyzed, and the critical height of pole conductors for DC lines in residential and non-residential area were determined. Then, the corridor width of DC and AC lines at critical height in residential and non-residential areas before and after AC-DC line transformation were compared. The results indicate that for DC lines converted from common 500 kV double-circuit AC lines, the ground total electric field can meet the requirements of corresponding standard with appropriate pole conductor arrangement schemes.

基于准两相跳闸的同杆双回输电线路跨线故障跳闸策略

同杆双回输电线路采用综合跳闸策略和准三相跳闸策略,在线路故障时可能跳开双回输电线路所有相,导致含有风电、光伏等弱稳定系统大面积切机、甩负荷,使得电网输电环境恶化,严重降低电力系统运行稳定性。针对此问题,提出了适用于同杆双回输电线路跨线接地故障准两相跳闸策略,降低跨线故障双回输电线路所有相跳闸几率的同时为故障相提供稳定耦合源。首先采用拓扑分析方法对输电线路综合跳闸策略和准三相跳闸策略建立模型,分析得到跳闸策略对故障性质判定影响机理;其次考虑线路输电连续性及故障性质判定统一性,提出适用于同杆双回输电线路跨线故障准两相跳闸策略。最后通过PSCAD/EMTDC仿真实验验证了准两相跳闸策略的正确性和可行性。

同塔双回混压直流输电线路感应电特性研究

为了研究同塔双回直流线路感应电压特性,通过COMSOL有限元仿真软件依托安徽省改造完成的直流线路建立了±500 kV/±800 kV同塔双回直流输电线路模型并进行仿真研究。仿真结果表明:电晕所产生的离子流场是停运线路附近产生感应电压的重要因素,雨天以及大风对感应电压亦有较大影响,海拔高度对感应电压影响较小。

平行线路感应电压电流的矩阵精确计算

平行线路间的感应电压、电流数值是线路接地开关选型的重要依据,目前采用的近似理论方法结果不够准确。为提升计算结果的准确性,以同塔双回线路为研究对象,基于相模变换原理、传输线方程和分块矩阵理论,提出了一种可准确计算平行线路感应电压、电流的新方法。该方法考虑线路首末端及各相感应电压、电流的差异,其基本原理同样适用于多回平行线路。采用所提方法计算某330 kV同塔双回线路的感应电压、电流,并与ATP仿真结果进行比较,结果表明,所提方法能够从技术、经济层面为平行线路选择合适的接地开关。