Strategy Research on Parent-Child Communication between Family Educations in Network Era

Internet technology is the greatest scientific and technological achievement of mankind in the 20th century.It has brought mankind into the information age and greatly changed people's way of learning,education,work,leisure and entertainment,family education and so on.In the Internet age,underage children spend a considerable amount of time online,and they spend less time talking and communicating with their parents?Therefore,the development of network technology has posed a new challenge not only to school education and social education,but also to the traditional family education[6].So,under the impact and challenge of the network era,what countermeasures do family education apply to communicate well with children?This is the center of this research.

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间北京市某医联体的应对措施及实施评价

背景北京市出台多项新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)疫情防控措施,而医联体作为推动医疗资源优化配置的重要举措,在疫情中发挥了重要作用,通过评价医联体在此期间各项措施的实施情况,为医联体应对突发公共卫生事件时可采取的措施和作用等提供参考。目的本研究以北京市某医联体作为案例,对于该医联体在新冠肺炎疫情期间采取的主要应对措施的实施情况进行评价,了解医联体在疫情期间如何发挥作用。方法采用典型抽样和目的抽样,从北京市某医联体中的核心医院和3家社区卫生服务中心选取受访者17例,包括1例核心医院管理人员、4例社区卫生服务中心管理人员、2例社区卫生服务中心护士长、4例全科医生、6例患者。采用个人深度半结构式访谈,于2020年3月对17例受访者进行面对面访谈。访谈主要内容包括新冠肺炎疫情期间医联体采取的应对措施,并基于规范化过程理论和复杂干预过程评价整合出评价框架,从措施与现有工作价值一致性、措施实施覆盖程度、措施实施效果、措施实施阻碍和/或促进因素及对医联体发展的影响这5个维度对各个措施进行评价。访谈经知情同意后录音、记录,访谈资料在NVivo软件的协助下,采用主题分析法进行分析。结果该医联体在疫情期间采取的主要措施为培训、加强社区转诊预约、核心医院患者输液下转。疫情期间共举办培训2次,加强了医联体成员单位对新冠肺炎的认知、诊疗和防护水平;但需对社区卫生服务中心更有针对性和实用性。社区转诊预约在此期间覆盖16个社区卫生服务中心,共接收转诊患者50例,筛查出246例建议到发热门诊就诊的可疑人员;更多患者在此期间倾向社区就诊,促进了分级诊疗的实施;但转诊标准需更明确。核心医院输液患者下转380例,缓解了核心医院急诊输液压力,也为患者提供了更便利、安全的输液环境,增强了医联体内部的凝聚和协作;但信息共享需加强。结论疫情期间该医联体各成员单元团结协作,体现出医联体分级诊疗的重要作用。同时发现医联体培训、转诊标准的明确及信息共享三方面仍需完善,为医联体的进一步发展提供了参考。

Transmission of family health information within families

Background and Aims: A comprehensive family health history still offers the best data for calculating risk of most complex diseases, but lack of informant accuracy hinders its use. Young adults transitioning from the parental home to more independent university life may be poor historians. The purpose of this study was to describe the quality of family health information acquired by young university students and to characterize the process by which they learn family health facts. Methods: Thematic content analysis was applied to interviews with undergraduate students enrolled in diverse classes across disciplines at a public US university. Results: Two processes, hanging around and trickling down, described the ways young adults learned family health information. The majority of respondents described both empowerment and a sense of vulnerability that resulted from having their family health information. Conclusions: Family health history provided by young adult students is characterized by inaccuracies related to lack of information and misunderstanding of information that is available. Young students are typically transitioning from the care of local primary care physicians into relationships with new healthcare providers, and are interested in family health history. Thus, this transition is an opportunity for nurses to construct an organized family health history with them.

结核病防治机构参与定点医院结核病防治模式试点实施情况的定性调查

目的了解定点医院结核病防治模式下结核病防治机构的参与实施情况,为制定我国定点医院工作指导意见提供参考依据。方法 2010年6月招募6个定点医院模式试点地区的卫生行政部门人员、结防机构和医疗机构的管理人员和业务人员进行个人深入访谈。结果结防机构负责患者追踪、治疗管理、统计监测、业务督导、人员培训等工作已得到各方认同,但在具体实施过程中医防合作某些细则方面仍不清楚,在结防机构对医疗机构进行业务督导和协调管理时,面临着行政隶属和行政级别等问题。结论结防机构职责分工在宏观方面比较合理,在与医疗机构进行具体业务联系时的微观方面需要通过进一步的深入研究来完善。