Concept Analysis: Emergency Department Crowding and Length of Stay before and after an Increase in Catchment Area

Several notable issues arise from overcrowding in an emergency department (ED) for both patients and staff. Longer wait times, higher ambulance diversion rates, longer stays, higher incidence of medical errors, higher rates of patient mortality, and greater harm to hospitals due to financial losses are some of these problems. Collaboration is crucial in the healthcare industry since it determines the team’s hourly performance in managing patient care. By using Walker and Avant’s (2011) concept analysis method, the author reviewed the literature to better understand ED crowding, to ensure that patients receive safe treatment in a timely manner, and to highlight best practices that can be identified through concept analysis and practice evaluations. In conducting this concept analysis, Walker and Avant’s framework was applied to examine the nature of the findings selected for the advancement of the concept. Everyone working in the ED, from those who determine policy to those on the front lines continually encounter new obstacles, but has little or no time to formulate fresh concepts or reconsider how ED treatment is provided. Overcrowding occurs when the number of patients requiring attention, awaiting transfer, or undergoing diagnosis and treatment exceeds the physical capacity of ED staff. If a clear plan is not in place to increase and improve services in proportion to a growing population, this situation will persist.

Empirical Research on Quality Improvement and Effect Increase of Rural Tourist Destination Under the Strategic Background of Rural Revitalization: A Case Study of Xishan District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province

As one of important channels in rural revitalization and development, rural tourism obtains a lot of remarkable achievements in rural development. However, relatively single product and homogenized development model make competition gradually intensify, and many once glorious rural tourist destinations gradually decline. Xishan District of Kunming City of Yunnan Province is taken as research object in this paper. Via literature research, field survey and depth interview, development process, status quo and existing problems of its rural tourism are deeply explored. Based on above research results, development idea, strategy and countermeasure for quality improvement and effect increase of traditional rural tourism destination are proposed, and cooperative development, mutual benefit and win-win are taken as the ultimate development goals.

Regional Agricultural Input-Output Model and Countermeasure for Production and Income Increase of Farmers in Southern Xinjiang,China

Agricultural input and output status in southern Xinjiang,China is introduced,such as lack of agricultural input,low level of agricultural modernization,excessive fertilizer use,serious damage of environment,shortage of water resources,tremendous pressure on ecological balance,insignificant economic and social benefits of agricultural production in southern Xinjiang,agriculture remaining a weak industry,agricultural economy as the economic subject of southern Xinjiang,and backward economic development of southern Xinjiang.Taking the Aksu area as an example,according to the input and output data in the years 2002-2007,input-output model about regional agriculture of the southern Xinjiang is established by principal component analysis.DPS software is used in the process of solving the model.Then,Eviews software is adopted to revise and test the model in order to analyze and evaluate the economic significance of the results obtained,and to make additional explanations of the relevant model.Since the agricultural economic output is seriously restricted in southern Xinjiang at present,the following countermeasures are put forward,such as adjusting the structure of agricultural land,improving the utilization ratio of land,increasing agricultural input,realizing agricultural modernization,rationally utilizing water resources,maintaining eco-environmental balance,enhancing the awareness of agricultural insurance,minimizing the risk and loss,taking the road of industrialization of characteristic agricultural products,and realizing the transfer of surplus labor force.

Empirical Study on the Benefit Increase of New Contract Farming 1+3+X Model

For a long time,the development model of traditional rice planting industry has been single,linear,and focusing on production first and then market.However,with the low price of rice,such problems as slow technological upgrading,meager profits,and unstable rice quality in the primary industry planting units and farmers have become increasingly prominent.The integration and development of the rural primary,secondary,and tertiary industries and industrial integration have the same root.They are integrated industrial development based on technological or model innovation,vertical and horizontal integration.Three agricultural leading companies(Nanjing Tianwei Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing CHYKINGYOUNG Biological Technology Co.,Ltd.,and Jiangsu Jingshan Eco-organic Agriculture Co.,Ltd.)established an industrialization complex,and used their respective technical,operational,and market advantages to integrate and form a rice contract farming 1+3+X model.This model effectively integrates scattered rice planting,rice processing,and rice sales in Nanjing City of Jiangsu Province,and Chuzhou City of Anhui Province,and unifies planting regulations and supply of production materials,safeguards the supply of green and high-quality rice and realizes high quality and high price.In addition,it integrates farmers into the entire industrial chain of contract farming,summons up the production enthusiasm of farmers and greatly increases their income from planting production.

Roles of Fenlong Technology in the Increase of Grain Yield and Construction of a Huge "Underground Reservoir"

Fenlong farming technology was introduced. It has characteristics of very deep tillage and evenly smashing soil,and can evenly smash soil without disturbing soil layers to complete the task of soil preparation. It can be widely used in cultivated land,saline-alkali land,lime concretion black soil,degraded grassland,etc. After the application of the technology in 34 crops in 24 provinces,it can increase yield by 10%-50% and improve quality by above 5%. Fenlong technology can increase soil reservoir capacity,enhance the infiltration rate of rainwater in soil and make " surplus" effect obvious. If the country plans and promotes the technology in 160 million hm^2 of land( including 67 million hm^2 of cultivated land,20 million hm^2 of saline-alkali land,6. 7 million hm^2 of marginal land and 67 million hm^2 of degraded grassland),the total volume of loosened soil in arable land will increase from 198. 1 billion to 840. 0 billion m^3,and the capacity of a " underground reservoir" will increase by 675 million m^3,while natural precipitation reserves will increase by 162 billion m^3. It can effectively solve food security problems and water resource problems such as drought,floods,and industrial,agricultural and domestic water shortages,as well as serious disaster hazards caused by groundwater that has been evacuated in China.

“Physical Fertility” of Fenlong and Its Yield and Benefit Increase

Core theory and acting force("physical fertility") of Fenlong are firstly proposed,and "physical fertility of Fenlong" is relative to the fertility of chemical fertilizer of increasing crop yield. Basic composition of "physical fertility of Fenlong" and its effect of increasing production and improving quality of various agricultural crops are clarified. It makes crop yield increase by 15%-30% without fertilization and 15%-50% by not increasing fertilization amount and irrigation water consumption. It is proposed that "physical fertility of Fenlong" could be sufficiently excavated in the new times of green development. Fenlong has a key significance for rationally reducing chemical fertilizer,soil,water and air pollution,agricultural cost,improving the quality of agricultural products and human health level.

Increasing Speed of China's Crude Steel Output Will Decline in 2012 and 2013

On Nov. 27th. China Metalh, rgical Industry Planning and Research Institute released the forecasted results for China＇s I ＆ S demand in 2013. According to the economic situation in China and overseas and the development of downstream industries, it＇s estimated China＇s crude steel output in 2012 will reach 716 million tons up 4.5% YOY.

Evaluation Method of Output Waveform Quality for Neutral⁃Point⁃ Clamped Three⁃Level Converter

An analytical evaluation method for output waveform quality of space vector pulse width modulation(PWM)strategies applied in neutral⁃point⁃clamped three⁃level converter(3L⁃NPC)is proposed in this paper.Low frequency error caused by neutral point voltage ripple and high frequency error introduced by space vector synthesis were both taken into account,and the unified error model of output current ripple was established.By taking continuous and discontinuous modulation strategies as examples,the unified error model was validated through Fourier analysis of the experimental results.The proposed evaluation method will be helpful for the switching sequence optimization and the modulation strategy selection.

Enhancing Air Quality Forecasts over Catalonia(Spain)Using Model Output Statistics

Model Output Statistics (MOS) is a well-known technique that allows improving outputs from numerical atmospheric models. In this contribution, we present the development of a MOS algorithm to improve air quality forecasts in Catalonia, a region in the northeast of Spain. These forecasts are obtained from an Eulerian coupled air quality modelling system developed by Meteosim. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Particulate Matter (PM10) and Ozone (03) have been the pollutants considered and the methodology has been applied on statistical values of these pollutants according to regulatory levels. Four MOS algorithms have been developed, characterized by different approaches in relation with seasonal stratification and stratification according to the measurement stations considered. Algorithms have been compared among them in order to obtain a MOS that reduces the forecast uncertainties. Results obtained show that the best MOS designed increases the accuracy of NO2 maximum 1&#45h daily value forecast from 71% to 75%, from 68% to 81% in the case of daily values of PM10, and finally, the accuracy of O3 maximum 1-h daily value from 79% to 87%.

外源肌醇对草莓生长和品质的影响

为了探究外源肌醇对草莓生长和品质的影响,以红颜草莓为试材,对草莓进行外源肌醇处理,通过测定草莓株高、糖含量和果实单株产量指标,比较常规与肌醇处理情况下草莓的生长状况。结果表明:外源肌醇对采摘后期草莓植株长势具有一定促进作用,能在一定程度上促进草莓植株根系的生长发育,增加叶面积;在采摘后期,草莓株高及冠径分别较对照提高了15.76%、45.52%;在草莓全生育期内,外源肌醇能在一定程度上提高草莓的糖含量和产量,还能够显著增加草莓单株鲜质量,较对照提高了122.21%,采摘初期至采摘盛期1个月内采摘产量较对照提高了28.88%;在采摘后期,单果质量、单株产量和折合产量与对照相比均存在极显著差异,分别较对照提高106.54%、100%、84.29%,增产效果十分明显。综上,外源肌醇可以促进草莓植株的生长,提高草莓的品质,还能在一定程度上提高其产量。

基于MS-VAR模型的中国创新质量演化阶段性与区域异质性研究

创新是高质量发展的第一动力,但是,创新质量本身缺少系统研究。从投入产出过程角度看,创新质量分为研发投入的知识产出质量和知识投入的经济产出质量两个阶段,基于马尔可夫区制转换向量自回归模型(MS-VAR)对中国及其分区1995-2021年时间序列数据进行检验,揭示投入产出过程创新质量演化阶段性及其区域异质性。研究发现:目前我国处于新的创新质量快速提升期。R&D投入强度的增加会促进专利产出质量,专利产出质量的增加也会促进新产品销售收入。前者在创新质量快速提升期更显著,后者在创新质量稳定发展期更显著。四大地区①的创新周期具有时间先后性,东部地区最早进入创新质量稳定发展期,西部地区最晚;两次过程中,创新投入产出质量之间正向效应的区域异质性和区制异质性并存;但处于创新质量稳定发展期的西部地区两种投入产出效应都为负。

慢性心力衰竭患者液体出入量智能化管理实践

液体出入量管理是慢性心力衰竭患者管理的难点。某院以信息技术为载体,建立了食物含水量数据库,构建了慢性心力衰竭患者液体出入量管理程序,实现了食物含水量的智能换算、出入量的实时分析、症状的实时记录、再住院的全程追踪,使患者住院期间液体摄入量达标率显著提升,心衰症状负担明显减轻(P<0.05)。未来应进一步开发食物含水量智能扫描识别功能,简化食物记录过程,同时采集患者体重相关数据,为患者制订最佳容量管理策略。

西部干旱半干旱煤矿区生态环境损伤特征及修复机制

我国煤炭开发重点已战略西移,实现煤炭资源绿色开采与生态协调发展,成为保障国家能源安全的重要举措之一。西部煤层大多数埋藏浅、上覆基岩薄、煤层厚,有利于一次采全高大规模井工开采或露天开采。但该地区气候干旱少雨、生态条件脆弱,大规模高强度对矿区及周边生态环境造成的损伤大。由于对开采过程中生态损伤演变机制及采后修复机理尚不清楚,没有成熟的修复理论和方法作指导,成为制约该地区煤炭高质量发展的重大难题。针对上述难题开展系统研究,认为精准勘测煤炭开采全周期工作面地质-水文地质条件和矿区生态演化特征,有助于阐明开采诱致上覆土岩破损机理、水资源散失富集与循环调运规律、生态损伤演变机理和承载力,并揭示采后矿区土岩层、水资源循环、生态自适应机理。采用植物-微生物组合修复方法,初步构建井工和露天矿山人工与自然协同的水-土-生立体耦合修复理论,提出了生态修复机制的新思考,在浅埋深矿区开采形成的裂缝发育犹如农田松土一般,成为生态修复新的契机,促进水-土-生再分配,并利用微生物修复技术,可促进矿区生态环境的正向协同发展,实现西部煤矿脆弱生态区开发“金山银山”,再造“绿水青山”的思维转变。

推动经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长的逻辑与路径

推动经济高质量发展,既需要实现质的有效提升,又需要实现量的合理增长。经济发展数量和质量是“一枚硬币的两面”,两者相互表征、相互反馈、相互转换,最终实现量质协同演化的高质量发展。从量质协同关系的角度观察中国经济发展实践,笔者发现:在经济加速阶段,中国经济发展数量和质量均有效提升,但是并未形成量质协同的正反馈机制;在经济减速阶段,中国经济发展数量和质量均面临下行压力,同时量质协同的负反馈机制逐渐显现;在转型发展阶段,面临经济转型与外生冲击的双重压力,宏观经济政策面临目标多元化难题,加剧了经济发展量质转型难度。推动经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长需要:优化宏观政策,推动实现质量效益型发展;深化供给侧结构性改革,提高供给质量;完善分配方式,提高消费需求质量;坚持“两个毫不动摇”,激发各类经营主体的内生动力和创新活力;增强国家能力,加快构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制。

2023剧集:在产业发展新格局中坚守品质与创新

2023年度,剧集生产继续减量提质,网络剧创制能力已超越电视剧。在剧集生产发行与播出中,总台与各大视频平台合作联动紧密,锚定市场热点与剧集影响力;网台间观众的题材偏好分歧明显,年轻观众对市场热点与剧集口碑的影响愈加强大,各视频平台、不同地区的优秀剧集的创制产能有优异表现,也有拉大差距之势。2023年各题材剧集创作多样创新、繁花锦簇,重大革命历史题材与重大现实题材等主题性剧集领航创作风向,坚持以人民为中心的创作导向;其他题材创作如科幻剧、悬疑涉案剧、都市情感剧、历史传奇及各类古装剧中的优秀作品呈现出蕴涵丰厚、地缘美学特色及其个性化风格追求。

创新赋能与资本市场定价效率

新质生产力是经济高质量发展的推动力和支撑力,而创新作为新质生产力的首要特征,是否以及如何赋能资本市场的高质量发展,是一个值得思考的问题。以2011—2020年中国A股上市公司为研究样本,从盈余公告后的漂移视角,可探究创新产出与资本市场定价效率之间的关系,并尝试厘清创新产出对资本市场定价效率影响的作用机制。研究发现,创新产出能够显著缓解盈余公告后漂移,提高资本市场定价效率;而且创新产出的突破性程度越高,其影响作用越强。机制检验发现,企业创新对资本市场定价效率的提升主要缘于:创新水平高的企业具有高的盈余持续性以及较低的信息不确定性。异质性检验发现:创新产出对盈余公告后漂移的抑制作用主要发生在分析师跟踪人数较多、媒体报道较多以及机构投资者持股较高的企业;而且,相对于非“四大”审计的公司,“四大”审计的公司的创新产出对盈余公告后漂移的作用更为突出。

面向可再生能源集成的综合能源系统熵态计算模型

综合能源系统(IES)熵态机理与分析方法为面向可再生能源集成的IES能量品质分析提供了一种新的理论基础。针对不同的能源系统规模和场景,如何系统性求解大规模能源系统熵态分布是后续系统规划、运行和能量管控等亟须解决的基础问题之一。在IES熵态理论的基础上,进一步梳理了系统熵态分布的计算体系与思路;根据熵增流求解的需要,定义了一些关键计算矩阵与计算列向量;结合IES㶲流模型和熵态网络的定义,考虑能量枢纽(能源站)熵增流转化与分配机制,建立了基于顺序求解和联立求解的IES熵态计算模型,通过算例验证了两种计算模型的正确性与有效性,并讨论了两种计算方法的异同与适用性。

数字消费与绿色创新驱动:增量与提质能否兼得?

数字消费是中国数字经济高质量发展的重要内容,也是打通国内国际双循环、促进数字技术与实体经济深度融合的重要载体。基于数字消费的“亲绿”特征,借助国家信息消费试点这一准自然实验,使用渐进双重差分方法检验数字消费驱动城市绿色创新的因果效应。研究发现:数字消费能够有力推动绿色创新增量提质,且该结论通过工具变量法、排除企业绿色创新投机行为、异质性处理效应等稳健性检验后依然成立,对比发现数字消费对绿色创新数量的驱动效应强于绿色创新质量。数字消费以消费结构转型升级引领供给端绿色技术进步,市场一体化进程加快有利于强化数字消费对绿色创新增量提质的促进效果;在探究影响政策实施效果的约束性因素时得出,培育数字化软硬实力、塑造良好创新生态环境是下一步扩大数字消费政策效应的应有之义;此外,数字消费还存在空间溢出特征,在国家中心城市的辐射作用下,数字消费驱动城市绿色创新发展的最优辐射空间距离为100~200km。

基于光谱合束的双波长输出Nd:YAG固体激光器

报道了一种基于光谱合束的Nd:YAG固体激光器双波长光源。系统由两个固体Nd:YAG脉冲激光器通过光谱合束组合而成,两个固体Nd:YAG脉冲激光器可独立工作,有利于输出脉冲的波长调谐、功率调节和相对延迟调整。通过光栅的色散特性以及输出镜的共同外腔反馈将各个激光器锁定在不同波长,从而实现合束,获得的激光源中心波长锁定在1 061.5 nm和1 064.6 nm,两谱线中心间距为3.1 nm,组合光束的输出能量为173 mJ,组合光束的光束质量因子M2为2.8×2.2;两个Nd:YAG激光器独立工作的输出能量分别为94 mJ和92 mJ,在合束方向上的光束质量因子M2分别为2.7和2.1,在非合束方向上的光束质量因子M2分别为2.2和1.9;组合光束的输出能量为两个Nd:YAG激光器能量总和的93%,组合光束的光束质量因子与单个Nd:YAG激光束的光束质量因子M2基本相同。该双波长激光源满足波长间隔小、输出功率大小相近、同光轴等要求,在太赫兹波产生、测速激光雷达以及医疗仪器等应用领域具有重要作用。

重油催化裂解在炼化企业布局影响因素研究

随着我国炼化产业的快速发展,原油一次能力已接近10×10^(8)t/a,但汽柴油消费总量受经济结构转型、新能源替代等因素影响,汽油需求量即将达峰,柴油需求量已呈现下降趋势。与之相对应的,乙烯、丙烯的下游化工产品未来仍有一定增长空间。重油催化裂解装置相较常规催化裂化可大幅减少汽柴油产量、增产化工原料,已成为炼化企业实现“减油增化”转型升级的重要路径之一。在具体项目布局规划时,由于炼化企业装置结构、所处地域市场条件等情况不同,分析企业是否适宜布局该装置是决策者的主要难点。结合催化裂解技术特点,总结分析了“企业所在地油品过剩程度、减油增化程度、化工品目标市场、资源利用程度、苯资源平衡、催化裂解原料性质、存量资产利用程度、投资回报率”共八项影响重油催化裂解项目决策实施的主要因素,为投资决策者提供支持依据。