A multi-enterprise quality function deployment paradigm with unstructured decision-making in linguistic contexts

This paper presents an operational framework of unstructured decision-making approach involving quality function deployment(QFD)in an uncertain linguistic context.Firstly,QFD is extended to the multi-enterprise paradigm in a real-world manufacturing environment.Secondly,hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets(HFLTSs),which facilitate the management and handling of information equivocality,are designed to construct a house of quality(HoQ)in the product planning process.The technique of computing with words is applied to bridge the gap between mechanisms of the human brain and machine processes with fuzzy linguistic term sets.Thirdly,a multi-enterprise QFD pattern is formulated as an unstructured decision-making problem for alternative infrastructure project selection in a manufacturing organization.The inter-relationships of cooperative partners are directly matched with a back propagation neural network(BPNN)to construct the multi-enterprise manufacturing network.The resilience of the manufacturing organization is considered by formulating an outranking method on the basis of HFLTSs to decide on infrastructure project alternatives.Finally,a real-world example,namely,the prototype manufacturing of an automatic transmission for a vehicle,is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed decision-making approach.

QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT IN BOTTOM-UP PROCESS FOR DESIGN REUSE

To deal with a bottom up process model for design reuses a specific extended house of quality(EHOQ)is proposed Two kinds of supported functions,basic supported functions and new supported functions,are defined.Two processes to determine two kinds of functions are presented A kind of EHOQ matrix for a company is given and its management steps are studied.

Product design on the basis of fuzzy quality function deployment

In the implementation of quality function deployment （QFD）, the determination of the target values of engineering characteristics is a complex decision process with multiple variables and multiple objectives that should trade off, and optimize all kinds of conflicts and constraints. A fuzzy linear programming model （FLP） is proposed. On the basis of the inherent fuzziness of QFD system, triangular fuzzy numbers are used to represent all the relationships and correlations, and then, the functional relationships between the customer needs and engineering characteristics and the functional correlations among the engineering characteristics are determined with the information in the house of quality （HoQ） fully used. The fuzzy linear programming （FLP） model aims to find the optimal target values of the engineering characteristics to maximize the customer satisfaction. Finally, the proposed method is illustrated by a numerical example.

An Improved Quality Function Deployment(QFD) Model

By introducing sequential and logical relationship factors into ASI (American SuppliersInstitute) Clausing/Makabe-QFD Model, a more practical model of QFD (Quality FunctionDeployment) is presented. Based on that the quality requirements are converted into designspecifications and technical measures step by step in this model, logical relationship factors canclassify the related Hows (how to do, the quality measures) into groups, each of which should belogical to individual What (what to do, the quality goal). Sequential factors can express theimplementing sequence of Hows. A feasibility evaluation method is proposed to eliminate the inferiorgroups of Hows. This improved QFD model can provide enough information to produce a practicalquality plan.

Quality Function Deployment Implementation in Construction: A Systematic Literature Review

The construction of new buildings represents a significant investment. The goal of new building construction is to maximize value and minimize cost while staying on time and within budget. Translating customer requirements into engineering terms for new construction design is vital for a construction project to be successful. Quality function deployment has been successfully used in product development to capture the voice of the customer and translate it into engineering characteristics. Quality function deployment then carries these parameters into production and service to ensure the voice of the customer is being met with the final product. The house of quality, a tool within quality function deployment, can provide a means for comparison of owner's project requirements and the proposed design, along with identifying how the design decisions impact meeting customer requirements and green building requirements. Quality function deployment can effectively link the project phases through design and construction and into operations and maintenance to ensure the owner's project requirements are met with the final building. This research identifies and categorizes studies of quality function deployment applications in construction.The research method used is a systematic literature review from databases related to quality function deployment in the construction industry published in the periodicals through 2016. The principal findings of implementations,practices, and integrated approaches are then summarized.This article intends to propel further research of quality function deployment in the construction sector.

Improved approach to quality function deployment based on Pythagorean fuzzy sets and application to assembly robot design evaluation

Quality function deployment(QFD)is an effective method that helps companies analyze customer requirements(CRs).These CRs are then turned into product or service characteristics,which are translated to other attributes.With the QFD method,companies could design or improve the quality of products or services close to CRs.To increase the effectiveness of QFD,we propose an improved method based on Pythagorean fuzzy sets(PFSs).We apply an extended method to obtain the group consensus evaluation matrix.We then use a combined weight determining method to integrate former weights to objective weights derived from the evaluation matrix.To determine the exact score of each PFS in the evaluation matrix,we develop an improved score function.Lastly,we apply the proposed method to a case study on assembly robot design evaluation.

基于QFD的危重新生儿转运救治质量提升方案构建研究

目的:基于质量功能展开模型(QFD),构建质量改进方案,为某医院危重新生儿转运救治工作质量提升提供参考。方法:收集质量提升需求并予层次化,利用层次分析法计算需求重要度,通过构建“质量提升需求-措施”质量屋计算质量措施重要度,确定质量提升措施优先级。结果:重要度前5位质量提升措施分别为完善管理工作方案、构建MDT会商协调机制、麻醉医师参与转运、组建内外科转运团队和更新转运救治工作流程。结论:质量功能展开模型可为危重新生儿转运救治管理提供有效的方法学参考。

建筑智能化系统顶层设计方法探讨

通过自上而下地展开,吸收质量功能配置的思想,对建设过程中影响智能化系统的因素进行统筹考量。通过逐层迭代的方式,直观展示不同技术方案对业主满意度的影响,为建筑设计提供可比较的方案效益评价,也为设计明确后续技术路径。

基于QFD的先天性膈疝危重新生儿转运救治质量提升研究

目的准确识别先天性膈疝(CDH)危重新生儿转运救治质量提升关键需求,针对性提出改进策略,提升转运救治质量。方法对某危重新生儿救治中心及新生儿转出机构的25名专家进行问卷调查和半结构访谈,以质量功能展开(QFD)为基础,借鉴SERVQUAL服务质量模型并利用亲和图(KJ)法将质量提升需求层次化,采用层次分析法确定需求重要度,创建质量屋,构建质量提升需求与质量提升措施的二维关系矩阵。结果CDH危重新生儿转运救治质量提升措施包括完善管理工作方案、建立MDT机制、麻醉医师参与转运、组建内外科转运团队、优化转运救治工作流程等。实施后,CDH危重新生儿术后死亡率降低至10.34%,临床治愈率提高至81.25%。结论运用QFD可以确定影响CDH危重新生儿转运救治质量的关键因素,提升救治质量。

基于FSRce模型的机电产品绿色概念设计方案生成方法

针对部分机电产品在概念设计阶段未综合考虑客户和环境的需求,进而影响产品详细设计的问题,提出了一种基于功能—结构—客户和环境需求(function‒structure‒requirements of customer and environment,FSRce)模型的机电产品绿色概念设计方案生成方法。首先,从案例库中选择合适的功能和结构对现有产品设计树中的节点进行扩展和关联;同时通过数据挖掘、专家打分等方法获得产品的客户和环境需求重要度,以构建基于FSRce模型的产品概念设计空间。然后,先利用加权区间粗糙数法对客户和环境需求重要度进行分析,得到需求相对重要度,再运用模糊质量功能展开(fuzzy quality function deployment,FQFD)将需求相对重要度转化为产品的工程特性权重。最后,利用物元理论构建基于工程特性的产品物元域和各结构物元集,并结合工程特性权重得到各结构的满意度分值,通过比较满意度优选得到满足客户和环境需求的产品概念设计方案。以某小型工业吹风机为例,基于上述方法对其概念设计方案进行优化。相比于原始方案,优化后的吹风机在能源消耗上降低了15.38%,在碳排放上降低了15.32%,且客户满意度提高了44.66%,由此验证了所提出方法的可行性与有效性。所提出的方法为机电产品概念设计方案的生成提供了一种新思路,能更好地辅助设计人员实现对机电产品的绿色设计。

场景理论视域下地铁列车旅客界面需求研究

目的 为了提高乘客在地铁车厢内的乘车体验,优化地铁列车旅客界面的合理性与便捷性。方法 以场景理论为基础,采用问卷调查和用户访谈等方法,收集现有地铁乘客的用户需求,提炼客观场景。运用Kano模型明确地铁旅客界面设计的用户需求权重,基于对用户需求权重的考量及QFD质量屋展开,功能需求被转化为产品特征,用以分析用户需求与产品特征之间的关系。结果 归纳了典型地铁乘车场景,构建地铁列车乘客界面的用户需求与产品特征之间的关联矩阵,并以此为基础分别从车厢布局、信号灯提示、扶握系统和导视系统四个方面,提出了地铁列车旅客界面的配置策略。结论 从场景分析的角度结合多重定量、定性分析方法,验证场景理论对挖掘地铁乘车需求具有一定指导作用,并提出地铁列车旅客界面在提升旅客乘车体验方面的初步建议。

基于QFD的职业教育教师关键能力培训评价研究

培养职业教育教师关键能力是开展职业教育教师培训任务的根本目的,是促进职业院校高质量发展的重要基础。从师德师风、技术技能、教育管理等方面构建职业教育教师培训任务体系,提出职业教育教师需要具备德育、教学、科研等关键能力,进而运用质量功能展开(QFD)法,搭建职业教育教师关键能力培训评价“质量屋”模型,并以实验校为例进行验证、分析。据此,提出重视校园文化、加大下企业力度、构建科研平台等对策,为职业院校培养职业教育教师关键能力提供参考。

The Determination Method of Product Engineering Features Based on Linguistic Variables

To overcome the problem of imprecise and unclear information in the development of quality functions,a method for determining the priority of engineering features based on mixed linguistic variables is proposed.First,the evaluation member uses the determined linguistic variable to give the correlation strength evaluation matrix of customer requirements and engineering features.Secondly,the relative importance of the evaluation member and customer requirements are aggregated.Finally,the priority of engineering features is obtained by calculating the deviation.The feasibility and practicability of this method are proven by taking the design of a new product of a long bag low-pressure pulse dust collector as an example.

Dynamic Analysis of Customer Demand Based on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Number in Product Planning

To address the fuzziness and variability in determining customer demand importance,a dynamic analysis method based on intuitionistic fuzzy numbers is proposed.First,selected customers use intuitionistic fuzzy numbers to represent the importance of each demand.Then,the preference information is aggregated using customer weights and time period weights through the intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted average operator,yielding a dynamic vector of the subjective importance of the demand index.Finally,the feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated through an application example of a vibrating sorting screen.

基于质量功能展开对神经内科患者出院流程的优化及临床应用研究

目的探讨基于质量功能展开对神经内科患者出院流程进行优化并分析临床应用效果。方法应用质量功能展开法通过构建质量屋,识别患者需求,找出改进关键要素,获得最佳解决方案,优化神经内科出院流程。结果神经内科患者出院流程优化后,患者出院满意度提高、就医体验改善、出院时间缩短、医护人员的满意度提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用质量功能展开优化出院流程能够显著提升患者和医护人员满意度,改善就医体验,缩短出院时间,可推广应用。

基于QFD构建乳腺癌术后化疗患者体重管理模式

目的构建乳腺癌术后化疗患者体重管理模式,降低超重或肥胖发生率,提高患者自我管理能力。方法从乳腺癌术后化疗患者需求出发,运用KJ法、Kano模型、质量屋等工具,结合TRIZ理论及FMEA方法构建乳腺癌术后化疗患者体重管理模式,包括联动整合体重管理资源、精准制订体重管理方案、全面落实“1+1+N”体重管理方案、搭建体重管理智能随访平台等。结果患者自我管理能力得分提高至170.67分,体重管理依从率提高至90.00%,甘油三酯水平降低至1.25 mmol/L,体脂率降低至28.67%,超重或肥胖发生率降低至16.67%,生活质量得分提高至112.03分。结论将质量功能展开(QFD)与品管圈结合可有效识别乳腺癌术后化疗患者需求,降低超重或肥胖发生率,提高患者自我管理能力及生活质量。

基于QFD的可伸缩式登船栈桥设计方法

针对可伸缩式登船栈桥设计流程,以客户需求为导向,构建了基于质量功能展开法的设计思路和方法。运用实景体验和场景打分的方法,深度挖掘5个维度的客户需求、关键质量特性和关键物料特性,通过AHP等方法进行权重分析,构建可伸缩栈桥分析的一阶质量屋和二阶质量屋,开展关键物料的重要度-成本分析,有效满足了客户需求和规范要求,形成可伸缩栈桥设计开发新模式。

基于QFD和SEM的老年人慕课交互设计研究

提升老年人使用慕课的交互体验。提出基于质量功能展开和结构方程模型的老年人慕课交互设计研究方法。首先是用户需求分析,获取用户需求,运用结构方程模型得到每项用户需求权重;其次是质量功能展开分析,将用户需求转化为设计要求,通过结构方程模型获取用户需求与设计要求的关系分数,构建“用户需求—设计要求”质量屋;最后,确定设计要求的优先级,根据设计要求的优先级制定设计策略,并对结果进行验证。以“中医养生知识”慕课的交互设计为例进行研究,结果表明,所提出的方法可对用户需求和设计要求进行系统分析,使研究结果更具客观性和实用性。

基于质量功能配置的自动着陆仿真方法研究

着陆是飞机在运行过程中的一个重要阶段,着陆分为手动着陆和自动着陆。具备自动着陆能力的飞机可以适应更多的运营场景,极大地增加了飞机的市场竞争力。经过调研,与自动着陆性能要求相关的适航标准大多为概率指标。为验证自动着陆系统是否满足适航条款中的性能要求概率指标,需要进行大数量级蒙特卡罗仿真,并且需要设置与实际飞行场景概率模型相一致的干扰因素概率模型。根据自动着陆相关适航要求捕获自动着陆需求,并采用QFD工具进行二次转化将需求转化为自动着陆仿真的三点功能要素,分别为概率分布拟合、仿真次数确定以及蒙特卡罗计算方法,针对这三点功能要素采用QFD亲和图等方法对解决方案进行整理分类,进而采用交叉验证法、正交试验法等方法确定最终的解决方案。针对最终方案进行自动着陆系统仿真,确认自动着陆蒙特卡罗仿真方法的可行性。

基于乘客需求的城市轨道交通服务质量评价研究

[目的]基于乘客需求对城市轨道交通服务质量进行评价,不仅能推动服务质量提升,提高乘客的出行满意度,而且有利于提升城市轨道交通运营企业的经济效益和社会效益。[方法]引入QFD(质量功能展开)理论获取乘客需求数据,进行识别、归类及筛选,凝炼为评价指标,构建基于乘客需求的城市轨道交通服务质量评价指标体系;运用AHP(层次分析法)和熵权法计算各指标组合权重,通过云模型得出城市轨道交通服务质量的综合评价结果;引入IPA(重要度-绩效分析法)对评价结果进行深入研究,进一步挖掘各评价指标对整体服务质量的影响优先级。以昆明地铁首期工程为例,依据实际调查数据,通过云模型得出该线路的最终服务质量评价结果并进行IPA分析。[结果及结论]昆明地铁首期工程的服务质量评价结果为比较满意,与该项目实际调研结论相符,证明了基于乘客需求的城市轨道交通服务质量评价方法的有效性。对该实例评价结果进行IPA分析后,提出了提升昆明地铁首期工程服务质量的具体策略:协调换乘,增加发车频次,根据天气及时调整通风。