Integrated Analysis of Water Quality in Artificial Fishponds Using WQI and GIS in South-East Sierra Leone

Artificial fishponds play a pivotal role in global aquaculture, serving as a source of livelihood and nourishment for many communities. Ensuring the sustained health and productivity of Fishes in these environments relies heavily on water quality management. This assessment was done to determine the water quality of ten artificial fishponds in the south-eastern part of Sierra Leone using twelve physicochemical factors (pH, BOD, EC, TDS, turbidity, COD, Fe2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, NH3, , and alkalinity) to find out the Water Quality Index (WQI) and spatial distribution of respective parameters. The assessment of artificial fishponds using WQI and Inverse Distant Weighting (IDW) integration represents a relatively underexplored area within the domain of environmental water resources. The WQI was determined using the “Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index’’ method. The results of WQI in the study area range from 65.05 to 147.26. Several locations have water quality deemed unsuitable for consumption, while others range from good to very poor. It is essential to address and improve water quality in locations categorized as unsuitable for consumption and very poor to ensure safe and healthy water sources. It was also clear from the calculation that the smaller the mean concentration value of the pH as compared to the ideal value (7), the smaller the WQI value and the better the water quality. To keep the artificial fishpond water in good condition, mass domestic use should be controlled, and draining of surrounding organic matter should be stopped in ponds Bo_001, Kenema_001, and Kenema_002.

R/S method for evaluation of pollutant time series in environmental quality assessment

The significance of the fluctuation and randomness of the time series of each pollutant in environmental quality assessment is described for the first time in this paper. A comparative study was made of three different computing methods： the same starting point method, the striding averaging method, and the stagger phase averaging method. All of them can be used to calculate the Hurst index, which quantifies fluctuation and randomness. This study used real water quality data from Shazhu monitoring station on Taihu Lake in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province. The results show that, of the three methods, the stagger phase averaging method is best for calculating the Hurst index of a pollutant time series from the perspective of statistical regularity.

Water Quality Index Assessment under Climate Change

Surface water quality may change in the future due to climatic variability as natural processes will most likely be modified by anthropogenic activities. As such, stream temperature is very likely to change as well which will impact on surface water quality and aquatic ecosystem dynamics. The present study focused on improving modelling of surface water quality indices and water quality parameters under various climate change scenarios in relationship with stream temperature. Future climate data were extracted from the Canadian Coupled General Climate Model (CGCM 3.1/ T63) under the greenhouse emission scenarios B1 and A2, as defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This study illustrates the usefulness of the stream temperature models, coupled with Climate Change Scenarios to predict the evolution of future stream water temperature regimes and associated biogeochemical water quality parameters pertaining to drinking water quality. The specific objectives of the present study were to analyze the surface water quality of 15 rivers in New Brunswick (Canada) on the basis of 9 parameters under climate change. A Weighed Method and the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) Method were used to assess the water quality for each river under present and future climate. The knowledge gained from this study will enable engineers and water resources managers to better understand river thermal regimes and climate change impact on water quality related to Drinking Surface Water.

Water Quality Analysis of Fuping Section of the Shichuan River Based on Different Evaluation Methods

In order to study the water quality of the Shichuan River basin in Fuping,Shaanxi Province,based on improved Nemerow index method,comprehensive pollution index method and principal component analysis method,eight water quality indexes such as pH,dissolved oxygen(DO),total dissolved solids(TDS),COD,total hardness,total phosphorus,total nitrogen and Zn in three monitoring sections of Fuping section of the Shichuan River in Shaanxi Province were detected and analyzed.The results show that the water quality of the surface water in the Shichuan River basin is gradeⅢorⅣwater,that is,the water is slightly polluted and moderately polluted.It is necessary to monitor the water quality after regulation and clarify the main factors causing the water pollution.

Establishment of water quality index(Na^+,Ca^(2+)) for purified water reused to zinc electrolysis process

The effects of Na+ and Ca2+ in the purified water on the conductivity of zinc electrolyte and the current efficiency of zinc electrolysis were studied by the alternating current bridge method and the simulated electrolysis experiments,and the water quality index of reused water was established. The results show that the conductivity of the solution and the current efficiency decrease as these two kinds of positive ions are added in the electrolyte. The effect of Ca2+ is much more remarkable than that of Na+. ρ(Na+)≤ 8 g/L and ρ(Ca2+)≤20 mg/L are the quality indexes in the zinc electrolysis process and the concentrations of Na+ and Ca2+ in the purified water reused to the process should be less than the limited values,i.e. the water quality index of the purified water should be controlled by its reused amount.

Employment Quality EvaluationModel Based on Hybrid Intelligent Algorithm

In order to solve the defect of large error in current employment quality evaluation,an employment quality evaluation model based on grey correlation degree method and fuzzy C-means(FCM)is proposed.Firstly,it analyzes the related research work of employment quality evaluation,establishes the employment quality evaluation index system,collects the index data,and normalizes the index data;Then,the weight value of employment quality evaluation index is determined by Grey relational analysis method,and some unimportant indexes are removed;Finally,the employment quality evaluation model is established by using fuzzy cluster analysis algorithm,and compared with other employment quality evaluation models.The test results show that the employment quality evaluation accuracy of the design model exceeds 93%,the employment quality evaluation error can meet the requirements of practical application,and the employment quality evaluation effect is much better than the comparison model.The comparison test verifies the superiority of the model.

中国新质生产力水平、区域差异与时空演进特征

文章构建新质生产力水平测度指标体系,运用熵值法测算2012—2021年中国31个省份的新质生产力水平,通过Dagum基尼系数法分析其差异及来源,最后采用空间相关性检验探索中国新质生产力的时空集聚特征和动态跃迁情况。研究发现:中国新质生产力水平逐年上升,但整体水平不高且存在区域差异;劳动者维度和劳动对象维度中的新质产业发展是制约新质生产力水平提升的主要因素;四大地区新质生产力水平差异较大,区域差异的主要来源始终是区域间差异;中国新质生产力水平明显集聚于高效型和低效型,且具有较强的空间稳定性;中国新质生产力水平跃迁更多转向极化型和空心型,较少转向高效型,区域协调发展战略效果不同,虹吸效应与带动效应并存。

口岸经济高质量发展水平评价指标体系构建与测度——基于云南的实证研究

加快口岸由“通道经济”转型为“产业经济”,是“一带一路”建设高质量发展的重要内容。基于高质量发展目标要求,对口岸经济高质量发展的内涵、特征进行学理性探讨,依托层次分析思想构建测度口岸经济高质量发展水平的评价指标体系。以边境口岸数量多、类型丰富的云南省为研究对象,选取2012—2021年数据,运用CRITIC权重法,对云南口岸经济高质量发展水平进行测度并分析其趋势特征。研究发现:样本期内云南口岸经济高质量发展水平总体呈现上升趋势,口岸经济协调发展和开放发展提升显著,创新发展有待加强,共享作用显现,绿色发展不平稳,岸城协调性不足。推动云南口岸经济高质量发展要转变发展理念,扩大高水平对外开放,建立岸岸、岸城协调发展机制,完善口岸基础设施,加强口岸开放发展能力,以此推进云南口岸现代化建设进程。

基于新质生产力的我国长江流域各省(市)物流业高质量发展水平及提升路径研究

“十四五”规划把推动高质量发展作为主题,习近平总书记提出的“新质生产力”重要概念与论述,强调要加快发展新质生产力,扎实推进高质量发展。而物流业作为五大基础产业之一,其高质量发展必然会成为带动区域经济高质量发展的重要因素之一。文章采用熵值法以长江流域各个具有代表性的省(市)数据为例,结合“新质生产力”,从效率性、创新性、可持续性、协调性和带动性五个维度层面来构建三级多指标综合评价体系,对长江流域物流业的高质量发展进行定量的研究拓展和初步探索。结果表明:带动性在指标体系中所占权重最大,江苏省的物流业高质量发展水平最高。同时,通过对两段时间的对比分析,可以有效地观察和分析出新型冠状病毒感染疫情三年对我国经济以及物流业的发展所带来的影响。

不同提取方法对甘松精油品质和成分的影响

目的:探究不同提取方法对甘松精油品质和成分的影响。方法:比较溶剂萃取法(SE)、水蒸气蒸馏法(SD)、盐析水蒸气蒸馏法(SSD)、亚临界萃取法(SFE)、超临界萃取法(SCFE)提取甘松精油的得率、理化性质、清除DPPH自由基能力差异,采用GC-MS和OPLS-DA分析比较不同甘松精油挥发性成分差异。结果:SCFE精油得率最高、清除DPPH自由基能力最强,SD精油感官品质最优、酸值和酯值最低、碘值最高。5种方法提取精油主要成分均为倍半萜,SCFE精油中倍半萜类成分含量最高,SD精油中酚、醇、酯、醛、单萜类最高,SE精油中酮类最高。OPLS-DA结果表明,SD、SE、SFE和SCFE甘松精油成分组成存在区别,而SD和SSD组成接近。VIP结果筛选出1-[6,6-二甲基-1,2-环氧环己基]-1-丁炔-3-酮、白菖烯、桉叶-4(15),7-二烯-1β-醇等13种关键差异成分。结论:5种方法中,SCFE提取甘松精油最高效,SD精油品质最优。

新质生产力视域下中国高校科技创新力评价及影响因素研究

习近平总书记立足于我国经济发展时代特征提出新质生产力概念,并作出一系列重要论述。新质生产力是在新技术革命推动下,以信息技术、人工智能为引擎,以科技创新为驱动力的生产力形态,是高质量发展的强劲推动力、支撑力。高校作为国家创新体系的重要组成部分,在基础研究、应用研究、成果转化等方面发挥着重要作用,取得了一批重大科技成果,但还存在着诸多不足,面临不少困难和问题。在习近平总书记关于新质生产力重要论述的指引下,准确把握高校科技创新的重要地位和独特优势,客观评价我国不同地区高校科技创新力发展水平,分析存在的问题,提出对策建议,具有极其重要的意义。文章采用TOPSIS法测算我国31省(自治区、直辖市)高校科技创新力指数,基于空间自相关理论探究我国高校科技创新力指数的空间关联特征,运用泰尔指数分析我国高校科技创新力指数的空间差异性,运用地理探测器原理研究我国高校科技创新力的影响因素及其交互作用。研究结果发现:我国31省(自治区、直辖市)高校科技创新力整体还不强,创新力指数的空间分布不均衡,东部地区明显高于中部和西部地区;空间自相关性显著,上海、江苏、广东、浙江等指数较高省份呈现“高-高”集聚特征,甘肃、海南、新疆、西藏等指数较低省份呈现“低-低”集聚特征;区域间差异明显,东部和西部地区域内差异较中部地区显著,东部地区内部差异逐渐缩小,中部地区内部差异先增大后缩小,西部地区内部差异有所增大;影响我国高校科技创新力发展的主要因素是人力资源、经费投入等,且区域间投入存在明显差异,中部和西部地区投入不足,同时还受区域对外开放和技术需求等因素影响;内部因素交互作用强度大于外部因素,交互作用强度较大的是教学与科研人员数、科技经费当年拨入、成果应用及科技服务项目数、R&D成果应用及科技服务项目经费当年拨入、信息化水平,且信息化水平发挥的作用越来越大。根据研究结论,以习近平总书记关于新质生产力重要论述为指引,从创新投入、资源配置、资源共享、政产学研合作等方面提出对策建议。

广东省三级综合医院优质护理服务评价指标的构建

目的构建广东省三级综合医院优质护理服务评价指标,为促进优质护理服务评价工作和规范优质护理服务提供参考。方法基于文献检索的基础上,应用头脑风暴法并借鉴国内已有的相关制度、标准和政策构建出评价指标条目池和问卷初稿;采用德尔菲法对评价指标进行两轮专家函询。结果两轮专家函询的回收率分别为80.00%和91.67%;权威程度系数均为0.93,医院部分Kendall协调系数W分别为0.128和0.116,病区部分分别为0.193、0.107,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。第2轮函询医院各指标的重要性均数为(4.43~5.00)分。第2轮函询病区各指标的重要性均数为(4.59~5.00)分。构建的广东省三级综合医院优质护理服务评价指标包括医院和病区两个部分,其中医院部分包括一级指标8项、二级指标22项、三级指标65项,病区部分包括一级指标9项、二级指标23项、三级指标50项。结论本研究编制的广东省三级综合医院优质护理服务评价指标具有较好的科学性和可靠性,有利于完善优质护理服务管理制度,引导优质护理服务健康发展。

基于三维质量结构模型构建老年失能患者延续护理的质量评价指标体系

目的 探讨并构建老年失能患者延续护理质量评价指标体系。方法 于2022年7-9月,以三维质量结构模型为理论基础,结合文献回顾、德尔菲专家函询方法,根据老年失能患者延续护理服务内容和评估需求,构建了以“结构-过程-结果”模式为框架的老年失能患者延续护理服务质量评价体系。结果 经过2轮护理专家函询的权威系数、判断系数、熟悉系数分别为0.931、0.929、0.933;确定老年失能患者延续护理服务三维质量评价体系中包含一级指标3项,二级指标9项,三级指标36项;2轮专家函询的协调系数为0.455、0.410。结论 老年失能患者延续护理服务三维质量评价体系内容严谨、科学、全面及可靠,有利于延续护理服务质量的改进。

NICU早产儿无创正压通气护理质量评价指标的构建

目的:构建新生儿重症监护室(NICU)早产儿无创正压通气护理质量评价指标,为临床评价NICU早产儿无创正压通气护理质量提供依据。方法:以“结构-过程-结果”三维质量评价模型为基础,于2023年1月—4月采用德尔菲法对25名专家进行问卷函询,并通过层次分析法确立NICU早产儿无创正压通气护理质量评价指标内容及各指标权重。结果:共开展2轮函询,问卷有效回收率分别为92.0%、100.0%,专家权威系数为0.922,0.928,肯德尔和谐系数为0.156,0.180。最终构建了3级结构模式评价指标,设有一级指标3项、二级指标14项、三级指标78项。结论:构建的无创正压通气护理质量评价指标内容科学、合理,具有较强的专科特色,可为早产儿无创正压通气护理质量评价提供参考依据。

科技创新人才培养质量评价指标体系构建

以科学性、可行性、全面性和导向性为基本原则,通过文献分析和德尔菲法构建了包括科技素养、创新素养、理论素养、实践素养和学术素养在内的5个一级指标和20个二级指标的科技创新人才培养质量评价指标体系,不仅符合人才培养目标定位,为科技创新人才培养提供新的理论视角,而且为科技创新人才培养质量提供合理化测评。

经济高质量发展的空间差异性研究

经济高质量发展对经济的可持续发展产生正能量,也可以推动整个经济体系迈进现代化之路。以中国30个省份作为研究对象,通过熵权TOPSIS法测算中国30个省份2010—2021年经济高质量发展现状,测算结果显示:近年来中国各省份经济高质量发展整体呈现上升趋势。在此基础上通过莫兰指数分别分析各省份经济高质量发展在整体和局部存在的空间差异,分析结果显示:中国各省份经济高质量整体莫兰指数呈现显著的空间集聚效应;在分析局部集聚程度时,不同地区在不同年份呈现出不同的集聚程度。

中国海洋经济高质量发展区域差异与收敛性

为了探索我国海洋经济高质量发展的时空异质性与收敛性,本文基于五大新发展理念,构建包含“经济发展、科技创新、生态环境、社会民生、对外开放”五大领域的海洋经济高质量发展评价指标体系,并运用突变级数法测度2007—2019年我国沿海11省市海洋经济高质量发展水平,采用泰尔指数及收敛模型分别考察海洋经济高质量发展水平的动态分布、差异来源和收敛趋势.研究结果表明,全国及三大海洋经济圈海洋经济高质量发展综合指数呈先上升后下降趋势,各地区海洋经济发展水平具有显著差异性,表明我国海洋经济发展的非均衡性有所加剧,而区域内差异是导致总体差异变化的主要因素.东部海洋经济圈存在σ收敛,而全国及北部、南部海洋经济圈不存在σ收敛.全国及三大海洋经济圈存在绝对β收敛,并且条件β收敛也显著.

新质生产力水平测度与区域时空差异

作为高质量发展与中国式现代化的必然要求,新质生产力的测度对区域差异及未来发展方向具有重要意义。本文建立评价指标体系,利用2012—2020年面板数据测度新质生产力发展综合水平,并分析区域差距的时空演化,研究发现:新质生产力总体水平较低,培育与成熟阶段水平变化呈“稳定—上升”的波动趋势;东部与东北地区区域内变化趋势与全国变化趋势同步,中西部地区存在明显滞后效应;东部地区与其余三大区域间差距很大,空间集聚效应明显,东部地区实力遥遥领先。进一步研究发现,创新力与竞争力是新质生产力总体水平的关键障碍因素,滞后效应导致各区域关键障碍因素存在异质性,跨区域合作机制能够充分利用空间集聚效应。

权重赋值法在多指标综合评价中的研究进展及其在中药质量评价中的应用展望

权重赋值法是一种常用的决策分析方法,研究者通过对不同因素或多个评价指标的权重进行赋值,从而得出最终的决策或评价结果。目前,国内外对权重赋值法在多因素、多指标综合评价中的应用进行了多方面的研究,并取得了一系列进展。综述近年来国内外权重赋值法在各行业的研究进展,介绍常见权重赋值法的概念、原理、权重赋值过程及其应用,同时分析比较了各种方法的优缺点,最后对权重赋值法在中药多指标质量综合评价中的应用进行展望。其中组合赋权法更符合中药多指标的综合评价体系,适合用于构建中药质量评价模型。

基于Donabedian理论的儿童肝移植全周期护理质量指标体系构建

目的初步构建儿童肝移植全周期护理质量指标体系,以期为护理质量监测及管理提供依据。方法以Donabedian“结构-过程-结果”三维质量评价模型为理论框架,采用文献分析、德尔菲法及层次分析法,构建儿童肝移植全周期护理质量指标体系的内容及指标权重。结果3轮函询问卷的有效回收率均为100%,专家权威系数分别为0.95、0.96、0.98,肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.165、0.209、0.220(P均<0.001)。最终构建的质量指标体系包括一级指标3项、二级指标15项、三级指标67项。结论初步构建儿童肝移植全周期护理质量指标体系,可为儿童肝移植护理质量评价提供参考依据。