A holistic strategy for quality and safety control of traditional Chinese medicines by the “iVarious” standard system

An effective quality control system is the key to ensuring the quality, safety and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs). However, the current quality standard research lacks top-level design and systematic design,mostly based on specific technologies or evaluation methods. To resolve the challenges and questions of quality control of TCMs, a brand-new quality standard system, named "iVarious", was proposed. The system comprises eight elements in a modular format. Meaning of every element was specifically illustrated via corresponding research instances. Furthermore, frankincense study was taken as an example for demonstrating standards and research process, based on the "i Various" system. This system highlighted a holistic strategy for effectiveness,security, integrity and systematization of quality and safety control standards of TCMs. The establishment of"i Various" integrates multi-disciplinary technologies and progressive methods, basis elements and key points of standard construction. The system provides a novel idea and technological demonstration for regulation establishment of TCMs quality standards.

Research of Quality Standards for Stachydrine Hydrochloride in Chinese Medicine TJF Granule

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was applied to the determination of stachydrine hydrochloride concentration in TJF granule (Chinese name: Tiao-Jing-Fang), using a mobile phase of methanol-acetonitrile (50:50, v/v) by the Agilent Kromasi NH2 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm, S/N: 22N25110). Detection wavelength was 201 nm. The result revealed good linearity of stachydrine hydrochloride and was obtained within the range of 0.20 - 1.98 μg/mL (R = 0.9995). The average recovery was 97.01%;the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.19%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report dedicated to the determination of stachydrine hydrochloride by the evaporative light scattering detector-high-performance liquid chromatographic (ELSD-HPLC) method.

Discussion on Ideological and Political Theories Teaching in Traditional Chinese Medicine Courses Based on National Standard for Teaching Quality

This paper analyzes the necessity and existing problems of ideological and political theories teaching in traditional Chinese medicine courses,and puts forward some suggestions,such as improving the ideological and political ability of professional teachers,perfecting the evaluation mechanism,and exploring ideological and political elements based on the characteristics of courses,so as to provide the basis for ideological and political theories teaching in traditional Chinese medicine courses under the National Standard for Teaching Quality.

Quality Control for Traditional Medicines–Chinese Patent Medicines

Ji Shen: Dr.Ma Shuangcheng,Director of Institutes for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicines and Ethnic Medicine,National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,is a long-term researcher on the quality standards of Chinese materia medica,Chairman Member of the Risk Assessment of the Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China ,and is also the Director Member of the Professional Committee of Drug Risk,China Pharmaceutical Association,and the Director Member of the Directors Committee of Chinese Materia Medica Quality and Safety.He has long been engaged in the control of the quality and safety of Chinese materia medica,and has also been included in the National 10000 Talent Plan.Let's invite Dr.Ma to give a report.Thank you.

Teaching Reform and Practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine Course Based on National Standard and Ideological and Political Theories Teaching in All Courses

Under the new situation,how to integrate the ideological and political theories teaching in all courses for Chinese medicine major and meet the requirements of national standards for teaching quality,improve the training quality of Chinese medicine talents and strengthen the connotative development of Chinese medicine higher education are urgent issues to be solved in Chinese medicine colleges.This paper introduces the practical experience of teaching reform of traditional Chinese medicine courses based on national standards of teaching quality and ideological and political theories teaching in all courses from the aspects of curriculum setting,teaching content,teaching methods and teaching practice,which can provide reference for teaching reform of other professional courses based on national standards of teaching quality and ideological and political theories teaching in all courses.

Considerations on the Quality Standards Reflecting the Characteristics of Compound Preparations of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Objective To study the current quality standard of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and its limitations in China,and encourage enterprises to take more responsibility to promote the development of this industry.Methods Based on the analysis of the status quo and problems of the quality standard system of TCM,the quality control mode,as well as the problems found in the reevaluation after marketing,some suggestions were put forward for adjusting the current quality standard of TCM.Results and Conclusion Through strengthening the quality control of the source,and under the premise of ensuring the safety,effectiveness and stability of TCM,the quality standards of TCM can be improved greatly.

International expert consensus on clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules

Guided by the theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),TCM formula granules are made through the optimal process of extraction,concentration,drying,and granulation by combining modern new preparation technologies and pharmaceutical technologies.TCM formula granules are stable,safe,convenient,and effective.Compared with TCM decoction pieces,TCM formula granules can achieve the full process control of its industry chain from field to workshop and standardize the management of the origin of medicinal materials,processing of decoction pieces,processing technology,quality inspection,sales,and products distribution.TCM formula granules can partially replace Chinese patent medicines.Only available for around 800 common varieties of TCM,TCM formula granules cannot replace decoction pieces for many types which are not commonly used in clinical practice.A large number of formula granules are used in clinical and animal studies so that investigators no longer need to extract and control the quality of TCM decoction pieces.How to improve the production process,establish the quality standard,perfect the regulatory system,and expand the clinical application are the problems we need to solve as soon as possible for the better development of formula granules.

Appraising the quality of clinical practice guidelines in Chinese patent medicine

Background:Chinese patent medicine(CPM)is a type of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)that utilizes Chi-nese medicinal materials as its raw ingredients.Following the principles of TCM theory,it undergoes specific processing techniques to create various dosage forms for the prevention and treatment of diseases.The current CPM guidelines,both domestically and internationally,are constrained by limitations in methodological quality and reporting,which do not adequately address the requirements of the majority of clinicians and patients.Objective:To evaluate the methodological rigor and reporting quality of clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)in CPM,with aim to assess their current quality and to provide recommendations for improving guideline develop-ment.Methods:The study utilized the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II(AGREE II)tool and the Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare for Traditional Chinese Medicine(RIGHT for TCM)checklist to evaluate the methodological rigor and reporting quality of CPM guidelines.After the training session,the four investigators were divided into two groups to evaluate the guidelines of patent Chinese medicine included in this study based on the aforementioned criteria.In case of any discrepancies,a secondary analysis was conducted by all four researchers under the guidance of two clinical experts,ensuring an impartial evaluation outcome.Average score or average reporting rate were calculated for each domain.Results:A total of 32 CPM guidelines that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed.The AGREE II yielded an average score of 67.2%.The domain scores were as follows:scope and purpose(93.3%),stakeholder involve-ment(50.1%),rigor of development(76.8%),clarity of presentation(79.4%),applicability(40.1%),and editorial independence(63.6%).The average reporting rate of the RIGHT for TCM checklist was 70.0%,with the report-ing rates for the seven domains as follows:basic information(94.2%),background(87.9%),evidence(97.5%),recommendation(57.5%),review and quality assurance(11.4%),funding and declaration and management of interests(26.6%),and other information(68.8%).Conclusions:The methodological and reporting quality of CPGs for CPM have been deemed acceptable since 2020.However,there is still room for improvement,particularly in enhancing the reporting quality to provide clinicians and patients with more effective and comprehensive guidance.Additionally,it may be beneficial to develop a comprehensive reporting checklist specifically tailored for CPM guideline development.

Preliminary Study on the Training Mode of Chinese Pharmacy Professionals Based on the National Standard of Teaching Quality

With the promulgation of the National Standard for the Teaching Quality of Undergraduate Majors in Ordinary Colleges and Universities, the state has made clear regulations on the standard for the cultivation of Chinese pharmacy talents. Based on their own actual conditions, major colleges and universities have implemented different talent training modes, including talent training modes of running talent classes, "2+1+1", "Chinese Medicine Research Practice Class", employment-oriented professional talent training mode, three-level three-type diversified talent training mode, and talent training mode oriented with adapting to the characteristics of ethnic regions. Various talent training modes have different training objectives, and corresponding training programs are formulated to meet the requirements of the National Standard for the Teaching Quality of Undergraduate Majors in Ordinary Colleges and Universities. In addition, according to the notice on Solidly Promoting Labor Education into the "National Standard for the Teaching Quality of Undergraduate Majors in Ordinary Colleges and Universities" issued by the Department of Higher Education of the Ministry of Education, the introduction of labor education to the teaching of Chinese pharmacy majors will be a trend, and Chinese pharmacy professionals are required to achieve comprehensive and coordinated development of morality, intelligence, physique, beauty, and labor. How to integrate labor education with high quality and high efficiency into the training of Chinese pharmacy professionals is a problem that major universities will think about.

Quality Analysis of Herbal Medicine Products Prepared from Herba Sarcandrae by Capillary Electrophoresis with Electrochemical Detection

A capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection（CE-ED） method was developed for the quality analysis of herbal medicine products prepared from the same herb of Herba Sarcandrae： Fufang Caoshanhu tablets, Qingrexiaoyanning capsules, and Xuekang oral liquids. Under the optimal analysis conditions, the low detection limit[l.0×10^-7 mol/L（S/N=3）] and the wide linear range（1.0×10^-7-1.0×10^-4 mol/L） were obtained for quality standard compound of isofraxidin. The precisions of the peak current and the migration time（as RSDs） for the real sample analysis were 2.0%-2.6%, and 1.2%-1.8% for isofraxidin, respectively. The contents of isofraxidin detected were 15.77 μg/tablet, 0.48 mg/capsule, 1.2 mg/ampoule（Jiangxi）, and 0.44 mg/ampoule（Dalian） for Fufang Caoshanhu tablets, Qingrexiaoyanning capsules, and Xuekang oral liquids from different manufacturers, respectively. Quality estimate was conducted by comparing the contents of isofraxidin in the herbal medicine products with the demanded values of Chinese pharmacopeia. In addition, based on their own unique CE-ED profiles（namely, CE-ED electropherograms） the Xuekang oral liquids from the different manufacturers could be easily identified.

中药跌打膏质量标准提升与安全性研究

目的 建立中药跌打膏质量控制方法,验证中药跌打膏安全性,为临床提供参考。方法 根据配方组成,采用薄层色谱法(TLC)对方中川乌、草乌、大黄、续断、泽兰进行定性鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)定量测定中药跌打膏中大黄素,以用于对中药跌打膏的质量控制;此外,通过皮肤急性毒性实验、皮肤刺激性实验、皮肤过敏性实验以及豚鼠皮肤组织病理学检查对中药跌打膏的安全性进行评价。结果 该实验中川乌、草乌、大黄、续断、泽兰定性鉴别方法操作简便,分离度好,专属性强。大黄素平均加样回收率为84.917 3%,RSD为1.466 1%。大黄素含量范围为1.099 9%~1.123 8%;精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD分别为0.229 4%、1.835 9%、1.025 0%,均小于3.00%(n=6);安全性实验中,中药跌打膏对小鼠皮肤无刺激性,对小鼠体质量、肝肾功能无影响。一次给药后,14 d观察期间各组小鼠行为活动、精神状态、饮食情况及排便均未出现异常;给药14 d后,取小鼠血液进行血常规检查,后对小鼠进行解剖取血,血常规各项指标及肝肾功能无异常,各脏器未出现肉眼可见病理变化;中药跌打膏干预后的豚鼠皮肤病理检查均未见组织病理学改变。中药跌打膏对豚鼠皮肤无刺激性,中药跌打膏对豚鼠皮肤无明显致敏。结论该实验建立的中药跌打膏中川乌、草乌、大黄、续断、泽兰的TLC鉴别方法和大黄素含量测定方法有良好的精密度、稳定性和重复性,可用于中药跌打膏的质量控制。中药跌打膏对小鼠局部皮肤无毒性,对豚鼠皮肤无刺激性,对豚鼠皮肤无致敏性,说明中药跌打膏外用治疗疾病安全可靠。

提升审查质量和审查效率推动新质生产力发展

党的十八大以来,专利审查工作取得显著成效,审查标准日益完善,审批能力大幅增强,审查质量稳步提升,审查效率持续提高,审查模式不断创新,国际业务交流成果显著,有效发挥了“向前激励高水平创造、向后促进高效率运用”的源头保护作用。在坚持制度激励创新方面,持续完善大数据、人工智能等新领域新业态审查标准,以及中医药等传统特色领域专利审查标准,为推动新质生产力发展提供支撑。

我国中药材生产质量管理中存在的问题与对策

为推动完善中药材质量管理体系、促进中药材产业高质量发展,对中药材种植过程中投入品使用、加工、存储、质量等级标准、质量追溯体系等方面的现状及标准缺乏等问题进行归纳分析,提出应加强中药材质量监管、完善质量标准、加快良种繁育及搭建合作平台的建议,以期解决中药材质量管理过程中存在的问题,确保中药材的安全性与有效性,推动中药材产业高质量发展。

MHC-2D LC STRATEGY FOR THE HOLISTIC QUALITY CONTROL OF NOTOGINSENG-CONTAINING CHINESE PATENT MEDICINES

Current China Pharmacopoeia(ChP)standards employ diversified and case-dependent assay methods to evaluate the quality of different Chinese patent medicines(CPM)that contain Panax notoginseng as the monarch drug.These conventional HPLC-based approaches utilizing complex sample preparation procedure can easily result in low analytical efficiency and possible component loss.We thereby propose a'monomethodheterotrait matrix'(MHM)

2021年版《湖南省中药饮片炮制规范》动物药炮制特点分析

梳理归纳了2021年版《湖南省中药饮片炮制规范》中收载的动物类中药,对其入药部位、质量标准、炮制工艺、辅料等内容进行了总结与分析。通过分析,全面了解《湖南省中药饮片炮制规范》中动物类中药的炮制现状,为动物类中药的炮制传承与应用提供借鉴,为后期更加科学、完整地指导动物药炮制提供参考。

教学门诊对中医医师规范化培训效果的影响

目的:观察教学门诊对中医医师规范化培训效果的影响。方法:将纳入研究的60名中医医师规范化培训学员随机分为观察组与对照组各30名。观察组实行教学门诊模式,对照组实行跟师抄方模式。2组规培学员的培训时长均为50周。比较2组学习前后的理论成绩、独立接诊成绩及对教学效果的满意度。比较完成学习后,2组规培学员对自身岗位胜任能力、病史采集能力、临床思维进步程度、医患沟通能力提升程度的满意度。结果:学习后,观察组的理论成绩、独立接诊成绩与对照组的理论成绩均较学习前上升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组对自身的岗位胜任能力、病史采集能力以及临床思维进步程度的满意率均高于对照组(P<0.05),医患沟通能力提升程度的满意率虽高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组对教学效果的满意率均较学习前提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组满意率略高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:教学门诊可提升中医医师规范化培训的效果,提高学员的专业理论相关知识、临床诊疗能力。

中药配方颗粒质量控制的研究进展

随着中药配方颗粒试点工作宣告结束、部分品种中药配方颗粒的国家标准正式发布,中药配方颗粒正式进入“标准化”的新时代。在中药配方颗粒快速发展的过程中,如何有效对其进行质量控制一直是众多学者研究的重点。文章以质量标准的现状为切入点,分析质量标准难以建立的主要问题,并通过文献查阅总结目前中药配方颗粒的质量控制模式及未来发展的新思路,为推动中药配方颗粒的国际化、标准化发展提供参考。

HPLC combined with chemometrics for quality control of Huamoyan Granules or Capsules

Objective:Huamaoyan Granules(HMYG)and Huamaoyan Capsules(HMYC)are Chinese patent medicines with different dosage forms of the same prescription.Due to the different preparation process,the chemical composition of these Chinese patent medicines varies greatly among different forms,but there were few studies on the difference comparison and quality control of them.In order to improve the effectiveness and safety in its clinical application,an idea combining high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and chemometrics was put forward to study the quality control of Chinese patent medicines in different dosage forms of the same prescription.Methods:The differential markers of HMYG and HMYC were explored based on HPLC fingerprint and chemometrics including orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA),principal component analysis(PCA),and hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA).Finally,the quantitative analysis method of related components was established by HPLC.Results:A quality control method for HMYG and HMYC was established.Firstly,the chemical components of HMYG and HMYC were systematically analyzed by HPLC fingerprinting.Further exploration showed that there were 20 characteristic peaks and 57 common peaks.Then,the potential differential markers between HMYG and HMYC were explored by chemometrics,and the differential markers were screened after intersection with the 20 characteristic peaks.Finally,HPLC quantitative analysis methods for nine components were established,including seven differential markers(neochlorogenic acid,protocatechualdehyde,chlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid A).The results of HPLC quantitative analysis showed that the contents of eight components in HMYG and HMYC samples were significantly different.According to the above results,the differential markers between HMYG and HMYC screened based on HPLC fingerprint and chemometrics can effectively characterize the differences between the two dosage forms.Conclusion:The present work provides a rapid and effective method for routine quality evaluation and control of HMYG and HMYC.This work also provides feasible methods for the quality evaluation and control of Chinese patent medicines with different dosage forms of the same prescription.

中药制剂国际注册质量标准要求与对策

自“一带一路”倡议实施以来,中药出口贸易额呈逐年上升趋势。现如今国际药品主流国家和地区包括美国、欧盟、加拿大、澳大利亚等均已将天然药品/植物药(含中药制剂)纳入非处方药管理。但因我国中药制剂现行标准无法在国际注册中与上述国家和地区药品监管完全对标,导致无法顺利完成注册。本文着重从中药制剂标准的监管角度,对比上述国家和地区对天然药品/植物药质量标准中农药残留、重金属及有害元素、黄曲霉毒素、微生物检验项目的规定,并从原料把关、检验检测方法学建立和制剂质量标准提升等方面提出建议。

中成药投料规范性问题分析及质量风险防控策略

近年来,中成药质量总体向好.但是,由于部分品种的质量标准不够完善,未按标准工艺投料亦可生产出符合规定的产品.中成药质量风险具有客观性,生产环节是全生命周期监管的关键点.为确保中成药质量可控性、使用安全性、治疗有效性,基于投料规范性监测中成药的质量风险迫在眉睫.结合工作实践经验和文献报道,分析了中成药投料规范性问题、探讨了风险管理的挑战与策略,旨在提高中成药生产投料规范性,防控质量风险,促进中成药产业高质量发展.