Examining Construction Quality Supervision and Organization Procedures for BOT Projects by Comparing with DBB Projects

Adopting the BOT （build-operate-transfer） delivery method has brought opportunities and challenges in construction time and quality for urban infrastructure. Many studies investigate the upstream issues of BOT projects such as concessionaire selection criteria and risk factors. But the project execution becomes complicated such as the escalated quality supervision organization and procedure at the construction stage. This extra supervision may have constituted hidden redundancies as waste to economic sustainability. This paper investigated construction quality supervision of BOT projects to pinpoint adequate degree of supervision and detect redundant organization and procedures. The study adopted ten subway construction projects as cases in which five were from the traditional design-bid-build （DBB） and five from the BOT methods. Thirty six project participants including owners, contractors, designers, and concessionaire managers of the ten projects were interviewed to tell their views on these issues. The quality supervision measures of the DBB projects were used as the baseline and compared with those of the BOT projects. The research results show that the construction quality seems no difference for the DBB and BOT projects. Construction quality comes out of supervision but excessive supervision organization and procedures do not necessarily improve quality. This finding indicates that adequate degree of supervision is enough to achieve required quality to save immense paperwork for large construction projects.

Measures to strengthen engineering quality supervision in construction management

With the continuous advancement of China's urbanization process,the demand for construction projects is increasing,which is both an opportunity and a challenge for construction companies.If the enterprises themselves can grasp the background and policy conditions to maintain a high level of construction engineering,then its enterprise benefits and future development prospects will be excellent.However,there are also many companies whose own reputation and actual benefits have been affected for poor engineering quality caused by poor construction management.This is exactly what we must pay attention to.This article will analyse and explore the relevant work to improve the engineering quality of different phases of engineering construction and to guide the management of the construction unit in the future from the perspective of the construction unit to strengthen the project quality supervision.

Research on the railway construction process quality model based on the state space method

In the ISO9000"input-output"process model,the concept of process quality is difficult to get the correct interpretation. From the"white box"theory of process,this paper puts forward the scientific meaning of the concept of process quality and the process quality model by taking the basic operating unit of 6M1E in the railway construction project for example. The basic operating unit system consists of technological natural process,operation process and management process;the process quality of the basic operating unit system depends on the interrelation and interaction among those three sub-processes,and also subjects to the impact of the external disturbance input factors. Finally,the cast-in-situ prestressed concrete continuous box girder construction process is utilized to elaborate the specific application of this theory in the quality management of the railway construction project.

Complex Sequence Quality Evaluation Model for Concealed Water Supply Pipeline of Prefabricated Construction

The accurate assessment of the quality can materially affect the safety and life of the prefabricated construction.In this paper,we studied the overall module of concealed water supply pipeline,and a new complex sequence quality evaluation model was established.By analyzing the small evaluation index elements of the model,the weight of the larger evaluation index could be deduced.The total quality evaluation score of the overall module could be obtained by calculating the weight value of the evaluation index,and then the quality standard of the overall module could be obtained.

Research on Welding Quality Traceability Model of Offshore Platform Block Construction Process

Quality traceability plays an essential role in assembling and welding offshore platform blocks.The improvement of the welding quality traceability system is conducive to improving the durability of the offshore platform and the process level of the offshore industry.Currently,qualitymanagement remains in the era of primary information,and there is a lack of effective tracking and recording of welding quality data.When welding defects are encountered,it is difficult to rapidly and accurately determine the root cause of the problem from various complexities and scattered quality data.In this paper,a composite welding quality traceability model for offshore platform block construction process is proposed,it contains the quality early-warning method based on long short-term memory and quality data backtracking query optimization algorithm.By fulfilling the training of the early-warning model and the implementation of the query optimization algorithm,the quality traceability model has the ability to assist enterprises in realizing the rapid identification and positioning of quality problems.Furthermore,the model and the quality traceability algorithm are checked by cases in actual working conditions.Verification analyses suggest that the proposed early-warningmodel for welding quality and the algorithmfor optimizing backtracking requests are effective and can be applied to the actual construction process.

Theory and Application of System Integration for Real-Time Monitoring of Core Rock-Fill Dam Filling Construction Quality

The theory and method of system integration for the real-time monitoring of core rock-fill dam filling con- struction quality are studied in this paper. First, the importance analysis of system integration factors is carried out with the analytic hierarchy process. Then, according to the analysis result of integration factors, the conceptual model of system integration is built based on function integration, index integration, technology integration and information integration, the index structure of core rock-fill dam filling construction quality control is constructed and the method of function integration and technology integration is studied. The mathematical model of process monitoring is built according to monitoring objective, process and indexes. Research results have been applied in Nuozhadu core rock-fill dam construction management, realizing system integration through building appropriate monitoring work flow and comprehensive information platform of digital dam.

The Contributions of Building Information Modelling to Sustainable Construction

Global concerns toward environmental issues have induced growing demand for new approaches in the construction because of its considerable impact on the environment and use of natural resources. Through using construction sustainability tools, methods and techniques, a greener design can be applied during various building phases. In this connection, it is argued that the analytical and integrated models applied by Building Information Modelling (BIM) may also facilitate this process to be performed more efficiently. BIM and construction sustainability are quite different initiatives, but both have received much attention in recent years in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. A rigorous analysis of the interactions between them implies that a synergy exists which, if properly it is understood that can be helpful to reduce the environmental impacts of the AEC industry. A BIM-based design model can contribute to sustainability through its three main dimensions which are environmental, economic and social. In this paper, by reviewing the existing literature on BIM and construction sustainability and using a matrix to analyze construction sustainability dimensions and BIM functionalities a number of interactions have been discussed. It can be concluded that despite there are many improvements in implementation of BIM in environmental and economic aspects of sustainability, its potential impact on social dimension has not been explicitly explored hence further studies need to be undertaken in this area.

高标准农田建设参与对农民种粮收益的影响——基于农业新质生产力的中介作用

基于全国10省1032份农户的微观调查数据,使用内生转换回归模型实证分析了高标准农田建设参与对农民种粮收益的影响。研究发现:(1)高标准农田建设参与显著提升农民种粮收益,且平均处理效应表明,参与高标准农田建设可使农民种粮收益提高2.77%。(2)异质性分析表明,相较于小农户,规模户参与高标准农田建设能够提升种粮收益;高标准农田建设参与不仅促进兼业农户增加种粮收益,而且促进纯农户增加种粮收益;相较于非粮食主产区,粮食主产区农户参与高标准农田建设的种粮收益提升效果更明显。(3)机制分析表明,高标准农田建设参与通过提升农业新质生产力水平,从而提高农民种粮收益。据此,鼓励农民积极参与高标准农田建设管理工作,制定出台农户参与高标准农田建设的差异化政策,同时加快培育和发展农业新质生产力,以实现农民种粮收益提升。

地方本科院校一流本科教育人才培养质量评价体系探析

人才兴,国家兴。人才培养质量是高等学校的生命线,关乎国家的经济发展,也是高等教育的核心内容。院系和专业作为高校的基本单元,对其人才培养质量进行评价和对比,可为学校确定人才培养目标和办学定位,制定科学发展规划,完善专业动态调整机制,提升人才培养质量提供科学方法和依据。该文以地方本科院校建设一流本科教育为基础,构建人才培养质量评价体系模型,依据实证分析结果得出结论。

高速公路安全应急管理系统界面设计与评价

目的提升高速公路管理人员在使用安全应急系统时信息提取效率,拥有更好的用户体验感。方法首先,根据高速公路应急管理工作的需求,绘制任务流程图和用户体验地图,得到用户基本需求;其次,应用Kano-AHP模型得出核心需求的权重,继而结合核心需求权重建立用户需求和设计要素之间的QFD质量屋模型并量化关键性设计需求,为方案设计提供指引;最后,通过眼动实验和SUS量表进行界面设计的效果评价。结果用户在操作安全应急管理系统界面时,需要从文字识别性、数据易读性、界面简洁性和交互统一性等方面,重点呈现突发事件、指挥调度、隐患调查和风险管控四个重要模块。结论通过绘制用户体验地图结合Kano-AHP-QFD的模型研究方法,能有效提高界面管理系统的用户体验,研究成果可为高速公路安全应急智慧管理系统界面设计的后续优化提供参考。

基于BIM 5D的项目安全与质量协同管理研究

为解决项目质量和安全管理无法直观表达、提前预防、及时整改等问题,本研究将BIM技术引入项目安全与质量管理工作中,验证了基于BIM 5D的工程安全与质量协同管理的可行性。通过研究得出:通过“事前预防”的BIM技术(建立Revit模型、深化设计、施工模拟、可视化技术交底),将项目质量和安全问题提前暴露,减少返工造成的不必要麻烦,保证物资的有序进场和合理堆放,为安全文明施工提供基础;通过“事中控制”的BIM 5D+智慧工地决策系统,将质量、安全问题进行归集、分析,将分析结果以图表呈现,对关键问题进行预警,及时发现问题并整改。上述方法保证了项目安全,提升了工程质量,为施工企业应用BIM 5D提供了参考。

幼儿评价素养的模型建构与培育路径

发挥学前教育评价的科学引领作用,促进幼儿全面健康发展,关键在于提升幼儿教师的评价素养。基于此,以能力素质冰山模型理论为依据,结合国内外教师评价素养的研究和实践进展,明确幼儿评价素养的核心内涵,解析幼儿评价素养的结构与要素,尝试构建以评价态度、评价知识、评价能力为核心的幼儿评价素养模型,并从宏观、中观、微观三个层面提出培育幼儿评价素养的策略。

教育数据治理的路径探索与应用研究

在当前“数据治理”“数据可视化”背景下,提出利用数据中台、联邦学习等技术进行教育数据治理应用研究,为教育教学提供决策支持服务和改革创新。使用文献计量分析法,利用CiteSpace可视化分析技术,构建“教育数据治理”关键词知识图谱。从人、物、数据、技术四个角度进行教育数据治理路径探索,从数据标准出发,构建教育大数据平台架构;以数据质量为目标,构建数据质量模型与技术解决方案。并介绍了搭建数据中台的数据治理解决方案,以及利用联邦学习解决隐私保护方案。从学生数据、教师数据、管理数据三方面构建教育数据治理应用场景,为保证数据质量和隐私安全的前提下融合共享教育数据,实现智慧化、创新型教育数据治理模型提供有益探索。

基于CIPP模式的产业学院教育质量评价指标体系构建研究

本文以基于CIPP模式的产业学院教育质量评价指标体系构建为研究对象,综合运用文献综述、问卷调查和实证研究等方法,探讨产业学院教育质量评价指标体系的构建及其应用。研究结果表明,所构建的指标体系在评价产业学院教育质量方面具有较高的可行性和有效性,可以为学院的发展提供有益的参考和指导。同时,本文还提出完善指标体系的建议和未来研究方向的探讨,以期推动产业学院教育质量的持续改进和提高。

基于熵权-TOPSIS法的建筑业高质量发展水平评价——以安徽省为例

新时代背景下,促进建筑业高质量发展对推进我国国民经济健康发展意义重大。基于建筑业高质量发展内涵,结合安徽省建筑业自身发展特点,从产业规模、技术水平、绿色发展、产业效益、共享发展5个子系统出发,建立安徽省建筑业高质量发展评价指标体系。运用熵权TOPSIS法构建安徽建筑业高质量发展评价模型,对2018—2022年高质量发展水平进行测度。研究表明,技术水平和产业规模所占权重较大,分别为0.2807、0.2422,是影响安徽省建筑业高质量发展的主要因素。从各个子系统的发展水平来看,技术水平和产业规模所涉及的指标最多,而绿色发展和共享发展方面的指标较少,存在一定的制约和不足。

高职院校基层党组织高质量服务社区体系构建与实践

强化基层党组织建设,创新区域党建共建机制,构建高质量服务社区体系是新形势下高校基层党组织建设的重要工作之一。高职院校基层党组织服务理念还存在一定的偏差,服务内容单一,覆盖面不足,服务质量不高。宁波城市职业技术学院推进与鄞州区“一院一镇一企”的战略合作,通过组织共建、理论共学、品牌共育、成效共享构建党建共建平台,推行了一系列“党建+”服务模式为政企发展提供智力支持,积极探索学校和社区党建共建保障机制。

住院医师规范化培训质量评价指标体系构建

目的:从第三方视角切入,以柯式四阶段评价模型和主成成分分析方法为基础,构建住培质量全过程、多方参与的评估工具。方法:通过对广州市某住培基地的学生、带教老师、基地管理者和用人单位随机发放问卷,采用主成成分分析法对数据资料进行统计与分析,对指标体系赋权。结果:样本总体Alpha系数为0.953(>0.9),KMO值为0.904(>0.9),Bartlett球型度检验P<0.001,问卷结构效度好。最终提取4个主成分,其方差贡献率累计达到68.531%。反应层权重为0.480,学习层为0.345,行为层为0.097,结果层为0.078。结论:该基地的住培质量要注重过程的把控,明确培训目标,落实过程考核,促进住培质量的改善,这也侧面证实了该评价模型的可靠性。

公共阅读空间高质量发展的“连云港模式”

公共阅读空间是公共文化服务体系的重要组成,是社会大众进行阅读活动和文化交流的重要场所。推动公共文化服务高质量发展、实现公共文化服务现代化是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的重要目标之一,图书馆作为重要的文化服务机构,应该依托自身的空间优势及资源优势,加大公共阅读空间的建设,推动公共阅读空间的高质量发展。社会对文化事业的重视和政府相应的政策支持,进一步推动了图书馆公共阅读空间的建设。该研究以连云港图书馆的公共阅读空间建设为例,探讨了公共图书馆公共阅读空间建设特点,并提出了相应的发展措施,以期更好地推动公共阅读空间的高质量发展。

数字基础设施建设对经济高质量发展的影响--基于“宽带中国”战略的准自然实验

数字基础设施建设作为国家“新基建”实施的“快进键”,已成为赋能经济高质量发展的“新引擎”。文章基于2007—2020年中国284个地级市面板数据,采用多时点双重差分模型(DID)评估以“宽带中国”战略为核心的数字基础设施建设对经济高质量发展的政策影响。结果表明:数字基础设施建设显著促进经济高质量发展,经一系列稳健性检验及内生性检验后,结论依然成立;经机制分析发现,数字基础设施建设可通过释放互联网发展效应、城市创新效应和人才集聚效应助推经济高质量发展;经异质性分析发现,数字基础设施建设还能显著促进中西部地区及中小城市规模的经济高质量发展。

监理质量E-旁站管理及应用研究

旁站是监理开展工作的重要方式之一,随着信息技术在土建行业的广泛应用,传统的监理旁站无论是在旁站内容的确定、旁站信息的采集与记录方式,还是在旁站信息的推送与反馈等方面都有提升和改进空间。在阐述监理质量E-旁站的概念与管理框架的基础上,引入POP模型辅助确定E-旁站内容,并对监理质量E-旁站需要采集的信息进行分类,提出了E-旁站信息采集的要求。基于管理关系和职责,构建了E-旁站信息推送与反馈程序;设计了监理E-旁站管理APP并应用于实际工程。通过构建E-旁站管理模式,保证了监理旁站工作的及时性、有效性和可追溯性,进而提高监理旁站的工作效果。