Confusing finding of quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction analysis in invasive prenatal genetic diagnosis:A case report

BACKGROUND Quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction(QF-PCR)is a rapid prenatal diagnostic method for abnormalities on chromosomes 21,18,and 13 and sex chromosomal aneuploidy.However,the value of QF-PCR in diagnosing chromosomal structural abnormalities is limited.In this article,we report a confusing QF-PCR finding in a pregnant woman who underwent amniocentesis.CASE SUMMARY The short tandem repeat marker AMXY(Xp22.2/Yp11.2)located on the sex chromosome exhibited a trisomic biallelic pattern,indicating that the karyotype of the fetus might be 47,XYY.Chromosome analysis performed on cultured amniocytes showed a normal male karyotype of the fetus.Copy number variation sequencing confirmed a 500 kb duplication at Yp11.2-Yp11.2(chrY:6610001_7110000)and a 250 kb duplication at Yp11.2-Yp11.2(chrY:7110001_7360000).CONCLUSION In conclusion,the comprehensive application of different methods could achieve a higher detection rate and accuracy for the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal disorders through chromosomal testing.

Detection of the Pandemic H1N1/2009 Influenza A Virus by a Highly Sensitive Quantitative Real-time Reverse-transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay

A quantitative real time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction （qRT-PCR） assay with specific primers recommended by the World Health Organization （WHO） has been widely used successfully for detection and monitoring of the pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza A virus. In this study, we report the design and characterization of a novel set of primers to be used in a qRT-PCR assay for detecting the pandemic H1N1/2009 virus. The newly designed primers target three regions that are highly conserved among the hemagglutinin （HA） genes of the pandemic HlN1/2009 viruses and are different from those targeted by the WHO-recommended primers. The qRT-PCR assays with the newly designed primers are highly specific, and as specific as the WHO-recommended primers for detecting pandemic H1N1/2009 viruses and other influenza viruses including influenza B viruses and influenza A viruses of human, swine, and raccoon dog origin. Furthermore, the qRT-PCR assays with the newly designed primers appeared to be at least 10-fold more sensitive than those with the WHO-recommended primers as the detection limits of the assays with our primers and the WHO-recommended primers were 2.5 and 25 copies of target RNA per reaction, respectively. When tested with 83 clinical samples, 32 were detected to be positive using the qRT-PCR assays with our designed primers, while only 25 were positive by the assays with the WHO-recommended primers. These results suggest that the qRT-PCR system with the newly designed primers represent a highly sensitive assay for diagnosis of the pandemic HIN1/2009 virus infection.

Small Amplicons Mutation Library for Vaccine Screening by Error-Prone Polymerase Chain Reaction

Library construction is a common method used to screen target genes in molecular biology.Most library constructions are not suitable for a small DNA library(<100 base pair(bp))and low RNA library output.To maximize the library’s complexity,error-prone polymerase chain reaction(PCR)was used to increase the base mutation rate.After introducing the DNA fragments into the competent cell,the library complexity could reach 109.Library mutation rate increased exponentially with the dilution and amplification of error-prone PCR.The error-prone PCR conditions were optimized including deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate(dNTP)concentration,Mn^(2+)concentration,Mg^(2+)concentration,PCR cycle number,and primer length.Then,a RNA library with high complexity can be obtained by in vitro transcription to meet most molecular biological screening requirements,and can also be used for mRNA vaccine screening.

Hepatitis C virus in human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr virus in vitro by in situ reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction

AIM: To study persistence and replication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) cultured in vitro. METHODS: Epstein Barr virus (EBV) was used to transform the hepatitis C virus from a HCV positive patient to permanent lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL). Positive and negative HCV RNA strands of the cultured cells and growth media were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) each month. Core and NS5 proteins of HCV were further tested using immunohistochemical SP method and in situ RT-PCR. RESULTS: HCV RNA positive strands were consistently detected the cultured cells for one year. The negative-strand RNA in LCL cells and the positive-strand RNA in supernatants were observed intermittently. Immunohistochemical results medicated expression of HCV NS3 and C proteins in LCL cytoplasm mostly. The positive signal of PCR product was dark blue and mainly localized to the LCL cytoplasm. The RT-PCR signal was eliminated by overnight RNase digestion but not DNase digestion. CONCLUSION: HCV may exist and remain functional in a cultured cell line for a long period.

Gastrointestinal tract distribution of Salmonella enteritidis in orally in fected mice with a species-specific fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction

AIM: To identify and understand the regular distribution pattern and primary penetration site for Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) in the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS: Based on the species-specific DNA sequence of S. enteritidis from GenBank, a species-specific real- time, fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) was developed for the detection of S. enteritidis. We used this assay to detect genomic DNA of S. enteritidis in the gastrointestinal tract, including duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum, esophagus and stomach, from mice after oral infection. RESULTS: S. enteritidis was consistently detected in all segments of the gastrointestinal tract. The jejunum and ileum were positive at 8 h post inoculation, and the final organ to show a positive result was the stomach at 18 h post inoculation. The copy number of S. enteritidis DNA in each tissue reached a peak at 24-36 h post inoculation, with the jejunum, ileum and cecum containing high concentrations of S. enteritidis, whereas the duodenum, colon, rectum, stomach and esophagus had low concentrations. S. enteritidis began to decrease and vanished at 2 d post inoculation, but it was still present up to 5 d post inoculation in the jejunum, ileum andcecum, without causing apparent symptoms. By 5 d post inoculation, the cecum had significantly higher numbers of S. enteritidis than any of the other areas (P < 0.01), and this appeared to reflect its function as a repository for S. enteritidis. CONCLUSION: The results provided significant data for clarifying the pathogenic mechanism of S. enteritidis in the gastrointestinal tract, and showed that the jejunum, ileum and cecum are the primary sites of invasion in normal mice after oral infection. This study will help to further understanding of the mechanisms of action of S. enteritidis.

Quantitative studies of the regular distribution pattern for Salmonella enteritidis in the internal organs of mice after oral challenge by a specific real-time polymerase chain reaction

AIM： To identify and understand the regular distribution pattern for Salmonella enteritidis （S. enteritidis） in the internal organs of mice after an oral challenge over a 3 wk period. METHODS： Assays based on the serovar-specific DNA sequence of S. enteritidis from GenBank, and a serovar-specific real-time, fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction （FQ-PCR） were developed for the detection of S. enteritidis. We used this assay to detect genomic DNA of S. enteritidis in the blood and the internal organs, including heart, liver, spleen, kidney, pancreas, and gallbladder, from mice after oral challenge at different time points respectively.RESULTS： The results showed that the spleen was positive at 12 h post inoculation （PI）, and the blood was at 14 h PI. The organism was detected in the liver and heart at 16 h PI, the pancreas was positive at 20 h PI, and the final organs to show positive results were the kidney and gallbladder at 22 h PI. The copy number of S. enteritidis DNA in each tissue reached a peak at 24-36 h PI, with the liver and spleen containing high concentrations of S. enteritidis, whereas the blood, heart, kidney, pancreas, and gallbladder had low concentrations. S. enteritidis populations began to decrease and were not detectable at 3 d PI, but were still present up to 12 d PI in the gallbladder, 2 wk for the liver, and 3 wk for the spleen without causing apparent symptoms.CONCLUSION： The results provided significant data for understanding the life cycle of S. enteritidis in the internal organs, and showed that the liver and spleen may be the primary sites for setting itself up as a commensa over a long time after oral challenge. Interestingly, it may be the first time reported that the gallbladder is a site of carriage for S. enteritidis over a 12 d period. This study will help to understand the mechanisms of action of S. enteriCdis infection in vivo.

Detection of circulating hepatocellular carcinoma cells in peripheral venous blood by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction

Objective: To detect circulating hepatocellular carcino-ma by demonstrating hepatocellular carcinoma cells orhepatocyte-associated mRNA in the nuclear cell com-ponent of peripheral blood (PBL).Methods: Peripheral blood (5 ml) samples were ob-tained from 93 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and from 33 control subjects (9 with liver cir-rhosis after hepatitis B,14 with chronic hepatitis B,10with normal liver function). To identify HCC cells inperipheral blood, liver-specific human alpha-fetopro-tein (AFP) mRNA was amplified from total RNA ex-tracted from whole blood by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Results: AFPmRNA was detected in 50 blood samplesfrom the HCC patients (50/93, 53.8%). In contrast,there were no clinical control patients whose samplesshowed detectable AFPmRNA in PBL. The presence ofAFPmRNA in blood seemed to be correlated with thestage (by TNM classification) of HCC, the serum AFPvalue, and the presence of intrahepatic metastasis,portal vein thrombosis, tumor diameter and/or distantmetastasis. In addition, AFPmRNA was detected in theblood of 21 patients with metastasis at extrahepaticorgans (100%) in contrast to 29 (40.3%)of 72 pa-tients without metastasis.Conclusion: The presence of AFPmRNA in peripheralblood may be an indicator of malignant hepatocytes,which might predict hematogenous spreading metasta-sis of tumor cells in patients with HCC.

A quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for the enumeration of brown tide algae Aureococcus anophagefferens in coastal waters of Qinhuangdao

Aureococcus anophagefferens, a small pelagophyte algae, has caused brown tide blooms in coastal waters of Qinhuangdao in recent years, presenting significant negative impacts on the shellfish mariculture industry. Under standard light microscopy, it is visually indistinguishable from other small algae in field samples due to its extremely small size. In this study, quantitative polymerase chain reaction（q PCR） based on 18 S r DNA sequences was developed and used to detect and enumerate A. anophagefferens. A linear regression（R2 = 0.91） was generated based on cycle thresholds value（Ct） versus known concentrations of A. anophagefferens. Twenty-two field samples collected in coastal waters of Qinhuangdao were subjected to DNA extraction and then analyzed using q PCR. Results showed that A. anophagefferens had a wide distribution in coastal waters along Qinhuangdao. Elevated A. anophagefferens abundance, category 3 brown tide blooms（〉200 000 cells/m L） occurred at Dongshan Beach and Tiger-stone Beach in August in 2013. In shellfish mariculture areas along coastal waters of Qinhuangdao, 4 stations had category 3 blooms, and 6 stations had category 2 blooms（35 000–200 000 cells/m L） in August and all stations had category 1 blooms（〉0 to ≤35 000 cells/m L） in October. Quantitative PCR allows for detection of A. anophagefferens cells at low levels in filed samples, which is essential to effective management and prediction of brown tide blooms.

Primary application of a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction for the detection of human breast cancer related novel gene-Metadherin expression

Objective:The aim of this study was to detect the expression level of Metadherin (MTDH) in peripheral blood of the breast cancer patients by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR),and to explore the relationship between expression of Metadherin gene in the patients peripheral blood and the clinic-pathological features in breast cancer. Methods:Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was employed to determine the expression level of Metadherin gene in 80 peripheral blood samples of breast cancer patients and healthy donors. Results:The expression of Metadherin gene in breast cancer patients peripheral blood were positive,in which 34 breast cancer patients were highly expressed,accounting for 55.7%,while the expression of Metadherin gene in normal females peripheral blood were negative,there was statistical significance (Ratio = 2.02±0.81,P < 0.05); Ratio of the Metadherin expression in breast cancer patients peripheral blood and the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase expression was 1.15 ± 0.36. REST software analysis showed that the expression of Metadherin gene was significantly up-regulated in breast cancer. Conclusion:The SYBR Green I quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method can successfully detect the expression level of Metadherin gene. Expression level of Metadherin gene in breast cancer patients peripheral blood is closely related to survival,and it maybe involved in the development of breast cancer and used as an indicator of prognosis.

Quantification of Porcine Follicle-stimulating Hormone Receptor Messenger Ribonucleic Acid by Reverse Transcription competitive Polymerase Chain Reaction

An easy and reliable method was developed for construction and quantification of competitive templates, which shared the same sequence as the amplified target DNA except for a 20 bp insertion in the middle by recombinant polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among the advantages of competitive PCR is that any predictable or unpredictable variable that affects amplification has the same effect on both target and competitor species and that the final ratio of amplified products reflects exactly the initial targets. The utilization of a thermostable reverse transcriptase in the RT step was proposed to overcome the problem of the efficiency of target cDNA synthesis. In addition, to obtain reliable measurements, it was recommended to perform four PCR with amounts of competitive template flanking the concentration of the target mRNA.

Exogenous reference gene normalization for real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis under dynamic endogenous transcription

Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （qPCR） is widely used to investigate transcriptional changes following experimental manipulations to the nervous system. Despite the widespread utilization of qPCR, the interpretation of results is marred by the lack of a suitable reference gene due to the dynamic nature of endogenous transcription. To address this inherent deficiency, we investigated the use of an exogenous spike-in mRNA, luciferase, as an internal reference gene for the 2ct normalization method. To induce dynamic transcription, we systemically administered capsaicin, a neurotoxJn selective for C-type sensory neurons expressing the TRPV-1 receptor, to adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. We later isolated nodose ganglia for qPCR analysis with the reference being either exogenous luciferase mRNA or the commonly used endogenous reference 13-111 tubulin. The exogenous luciferase mRNA reference clearly demonstrated the dynamic expression of the endogenous reference. Furthermore, variability of the endogenous reference would lead to misinterpretation of other genes of interest. In conclusion, traditional reference genes are often unstable under physiologically normal situations, and certainly unstable following the damage to the nervous system. The use of exogenous spike-in reference provides a consistent and easily implemented alternative for the analysis of qPCR data.

Detection of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in the peripheral blood with reverse--transcription polymerase chain reaction

In order to detect circulating cells of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in the peripheral blood with reverse transcripition polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR ), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP ) mRNA was tested in the blood samples of 113 cases of HCC and 69 controls (including 30 cases of liver cirrhosis, 9 cases of metastatic liver cancer and 30 normal subjects). 20/43 (46. 5% ) cases of HCC and 2/30 (6. 7% ) cases of liver cirrhosis are positive and the cases of nletastatic liver cancer and normal controls were negative for human AFP(hAFP) rnRNA. The presence of hAFP mRNA in the peripheral blood seems to be correlated with intrahepatic and distant nletastasls of HCC and portal vein thrombosis. It is concluded that the presence of hAFP mRNA in the peripheral hloocl is an indicator of circulating HCC cells and can be used to diagnose the rnetastasisof HCC through henlatogenous route and RT-PCR amplification of hAFP mRNA is a sensitive and specificprocedure for detecting circulating cells of HCC.

Identifying the stability of housekeeping genes to be used for the quantitative real-time PCR normalization in retinal tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

AIM:To investigate the stability of the seven housekeeping genes:beta-actin(ActB),glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH),18s ribosomal unit 5(18s),cyclophilin A(CycA),hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase(HPRT),ribosomal protein large P0(36B4)and terminal uridylyl transferase 1(U6)in the diabetic retinal tissue of rat model.METHODS:The expression of these seven genes in rat retinal tissues was determined using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)in two groups;normal control rats and streptozotocininduced diabetic rats.The stability analysis of gene expression was investigated using geNorm,NormFinder,BestKeeper,and comparative delta-Ct(ΔCt)algorithms.RESULTS:The 36B4 gene was stably expressed in the retinal tissues of normal control animals;however,it was less stable in diabetic retinas.The 18s gene was expressed consistently in both normal control and diabetic rats’retinal tissue.That this gene was the best reference for data normalisation in RT-qPCR studies that used the retinal tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Furthermore,there was no ideal gene stably expressed for use in all experimental settings.CONCLUSION:Identifying relevant genes is a need for achieving RT-qPCR validity and reliability and must be appropriately achieved based on a specific experimental setting.

饮食习惯与肥胖患儿性早熟的相关性分析

目的探讨饮食习惯与肥胖患儿性早熟的相关性分析。方法选取苏州市吴中人民医院2019年3月至2022年3月期间收治的72例性早熟肥胖患儿作为观察组,另选取同期体检的健康肥胖儿童71例作为常规组。采用实时-逆转录荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)检测两组外周血miR-125b水平,分析患儿饮食习惯。通过比较两组肥胖儿童的外周血miR-125b、饮食习惯,采用Logistic回归分析法分析外周血miR-125b、饮食习惯与肥胖患儿性早熟的关系。结果观察组外周血miR-125b表达水平高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组饮食没规律、荤多素少、高添加剂食品占比均高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组女性患儿、不良饮食习惯占比高于常规组,且经多因素分析显示外周血miR-125b表达水平、女性、不良饮食习惯是肥胖患儿性早熟的独立危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肥胖患儿性早熟外周血miR-125b表达水平高于健康肥胖儿童,不良饮食习惯高于健康肥胖儿童,外周血miR-125b表达水平偏高、不良饮食习惯偏低均为肥胖患儿性早熟的影响因素。

复合探针实时荧光RT-PCR法检测小儿上呼吸道感染甲型流感病毒的价值

目的 分析小儿上呼吸道感染甲型流感病毒应用复合探针实时荧光反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测的临床价值。方法选择2023年1月至2023年12月流感监测信息系统两家监测点上呼吸道感染甲型流感病毒感染的患儿80例监测标本进行回顾性分析,均开展复合探针实时荧光RT-PCR法检测,分析其诊断价值。结果 根据监测标本最终诊断结果显示,阳性标本68例、阴性标本12例。经复合探针实时荧光RT-PCR法检出67例,检出率为83.75%,敏感度为95.59%、特异度为83.33%、准确度为93.75%、阳性结果预测值为97.01%、阴性结果预测值为76.92%;批间批内变异系数均小于5%。结论 小儿上呼吸道感染甲型流感病毒应用复合探针实时荧光RT-PCR技术具有较高的敏感度、特异度及准确度,且检查结果快速,可为小儿上呼吸道感染甲型流感病变提供可靠的诊断,有利于制订合理的治疗方案。

实时荧光定量PCR法对ICU患者痰液标本中鲍曼不动杆菌耐药基因的检测及其评价

目的研究实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)法在重症监护室(ICU)患者痰液标本中检测鲍曼不动杆菌耐药基因的效果。方法选择2021年3月至2022年12月南阳市中心医院纳入的68例ICU患者进入试验,分别收集其痰液标本,通过实时荧光定量PCR法测定标本内鲍曼不动杆菌耐药基因情况,统计鲍曼不动杆菌及耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌的检出率,并观察耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌的药敏试验结果,最后分析OXA-51基因检查结果和耐药基因OXA-23检查结果。结果68例ICU患者的痰液标本中,通过传统培养方式检出鲍曼不动杆菌33株,阳性检出率48.53%;耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌共检出23株,阳性检出率33.82%;基因检测OXA-51阳性显示鲍曼不动杆菌有37株,阳性检出率54.41%;OXA-23阳性显示耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌有25株,阳性检出率36.76%。针对碳青霉烯类药物产生耐药的鲍曼不动杆菌所占比例占75.76%。耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌对于大部分药物耐药,耐药性较低的药物分别有头孢哌酮舒巴坦、米诺环素、替加环素、黏菌素等。传统培养和耐药基因的阳性检出率相比,差异并无统计意义(P>0.05);经Kappa检验显示为0.879,证实两种方式的检查结果的一致性较好。传统培养和耐药基因的阳性检出率相比,差异并无统计意义(P>0.05);经Kappa检验显示为0.712,证实两种方式的检查结果的一致性一般。结论实时荧光定量PCR法的效果明显,可成为鲍曼不动杆菌耐药基因检测的主要方式。

北京市售生食果蔬中耐药基因赋存特征及迁移风险

目的调研抗生素耐药基因(antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)的赋存特征,探讨其在食品安全领域的潜在风险。方法采用高通量定量聚合酶链式反应(high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction,HT-qPCR)技术,对北京市售生食果蔬中ARGs及可移动遗传元件(mobile genetic elements,MGEs)的多样性和存在丰度进行描述,并通过高风险筛查、相关性分析、冗余分析、方差分解分析,探讨ARGs的迁移风险。结果共检出9大类188个ARGs和9个MGEs,丰度范围分别为6.18×10^(3)~1.24×10^(8) copies/g、5.86×10^(3)~3.34×10^(8) copies/g;四环素类、氨基糖苷类、β-内酰胺类、大环内酯-林可霉素-链阳霉素类(macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B,MLSB)ARGs分布最广;多重耐药类ARGs丰度最高;涉及的主要耐药机制贡献大小为抗生素灭活>外排泵>细胞保护。其中,苦菊的ARGs检出率最高,青椒的ARGs丰度最高;茄果类、叶菜类ARGs丰度普遍高于根茎类蔬菜;水果类样品中ARGs的检出率和丰度最低。高风险ARGs普遍存在,丰度最高可达7.85×10^(7) copies/g,且氨基糖苷类、磺胺类、四环素类、多重耐药类ARGs具有高迁移风险,整合酶和转座酶两类转移机制共同构成主要驱动因素(46.44%)。结论生食果蔬中ARGs赋存情况严重,具有较高的迁移风险,很可能导致耐药现象的大量产生及扩散,危害人类健康,应引起高度重视。

血清lncRNA T342620联合AFP对肝癌的诊断价值

目的探究肝癌患者血清长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)T342620的表达水平,及其单独或联合甲胎蛋白(AFP)诊断肝癌的临床应用价值。方法采用病例对照研究,收集2021年4月至2023年5月在中国人民解放军南部战区总医院治疗的69例原发性肝癌患者(肝癌组)、32例乙型肝炎患者(乙肝组)、20例肝硬化患者(肝硬化组)、30例原发性肝癌经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)术后患者(肝癌术后组)和同期进行体检的50例健康者(健康体检组)的血清,提取血清总RNA,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术,检测血清中lncRNA T342620的相对表达量;结合患者临床诊疗资料,分析其表达水平与病理特征和血清学相关指标的相关性;运用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析lncRNA T342620单独及联合AFP对肝癌诊断的特异度和灵敏度。根据ROC曲线下面积(AUC)判断诊断效能,评估其在肝癌诊断中的应用价值。各组间比较采用χ^(2)检验,相关性分析采用Spearman法。结果lncRNA T342620在肝癌组和肝癌术后组血清表达水平较健康体检组、乙肝组、肝硬化组高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001);临床病理和血清学相关指标分析显示:肿瘤越大,血清lncRNAT342620表达水平越高,肝癌组血清lncRNA T342620表达水平与白蛋白(ALB)和白球比(A/G)呈负相关(P<0.05),与α-L-岩藻糖苷酶(AFU)和HBV-DNA呈正相关(P<0.05),肝癌术后组患者血清lncRNA T342620表达水平与总胆汁酸(TBA)呈正相关(P<0.05);ROC曲线分析显示:血清lncRNA T342620用于区别肝癌患者与健康者、乙肝和肝硬化患者时,其灵敏度和特异度分别为55.1%和94.1%,具有较好的诊断价值;和AFP联合检测时,灵敏度和特异度分别为91.3%和91.2%,其灵敏度高于各单项指标诊断的灵敏度,且联合检测诊断效能最高,AUC为0.954,与AFP和lncRNA-T342620单独检测的AUC(0.906、0.758)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血清lncRNA T342620有可能成为肝癌辅助诊断的新型血清分子标志物。

帕利亚姆病毒实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法的建立与应用

本研究拟建立帕利亚姆病毒(Palyam virus,PALV)血清型特异性实时荧光定量RT-PCR(qRT-PCR)方法用于临床样本或媒介中PALV血清型鉴定。根据我国流行PALV毒株的基因节段2序列,设计扩增引物和TaqMan探针,建立PALV血清型特异型qRT-PCR方法,对方法的特异性、灵敏性与重复性进行评估;以我国分离的28株PALV和90份核酸阳性血液样本评估检测方法的可靠性;利用建立的方法对采集库蠓样本中携带的PALV进行血清型鉴定。结果显示,建立的PALV血清型qRT-PCR检测方法具有良好的特异性与灵敏性,可检出核酸拷贝数下限在22至28 copies·μL^(-1)。对28株PALV的qRT-PCR检测结果与病毒测序鉴定结果一致;对PALV不同感染阶段哨兵动物血液(90份)中的qRT-PCR鉴定结果与分离病毒的血清型鉴定结果一致;建立的方法可准确鉴定库蠓中携带PALV的血清型。本研究建立的PALV血清型qRT-PCR定型方法具有良好的特异强、敏感性与重复性,可用于PALV感染动物与媒介中PALV血清型的鉴定,具有良好的应用价值。

新型冠状病毒亚基因组RNA检测方法的建立及性能评估

目的建立检测新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)亚基因组RNA(subgenomic RNA,sgRNA)的方法,并对所建立的方法进行性能评估。方法根据新型冠状病毒sgRNA序列设计引物和探针,建立检测sgRNA的实时荧光逆转录PCR(reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)方法,对所建立的方法进行优化,包括引物、探针的浓度及比例、延伸温度、反应体积和模板量。并对所建立的方法进行性能评估,包括最低检测限、灵敏度、特异性和重复性。对临床样本进行新冠病毒sgRNA和基因组RNA(genomic RNA,gRNA)检测,并对检测结果进行分析。结果建立了检测新冠病毒sgRNA的RT-PCR方法。所建方法的最低检测限为100 copies/mL,对常见病原体的检测结果均为阴性。对高、中、低浓度样本sgRNA进行检测,CV均<5%。115例疑似新冠病毒感染者的咽拭子样本sgRNA为阳性(115/330,阳性率为34.85%)。gRNA-N Ct值<30时,sgRNA-N的阳性率为100.00%;gRNA-N的Ct值介于30~32时,sgRNA-N的阳性率为68.75%;gRNA-N的Ct值介于32~35时,sgRNA-N的阳性率为44.44%;gRNA-N的Ct值>35时,sgRNA-N均为阴性。结论建立了新冠病毒sgRNA的RT-PCR检测方法,方法灵敏、特异、重复性好。