A quasi-physical algorithm for solving the linear separation problem in n-dimensional space

A quasi physical algorithm was proposed for solving the linear separation problem of point set in n dimensional space.The original idea of the quasi physical algorithm is to find an equivalent physical world for the primitive mathematical problem and to observe the vivid images of the motion of matter in it so as to be inspired to obtain an algorithm for solving the mathematical problem. In this work, the electrostatics with two kinds of matter is found to be the equivalent physical world. As a result,the proposed algorithm is evidently more efficient and robust than the famous LMS algorithm and ETL algorithm. The efficiency of the quasi physical algorithm is about 10-50 times of the LMS algorithm’s for representative instances. A typical Boolean valued instance shows that it is hard for ETL algorithm but very easy for the quasi physical algorithm.In this instance, point set A and B is {000, 010, 011, 111} and {001,100}, respectively.

Quasi-physical Algorithm for Protein Folding in an Off-Lattice Model

<正> We study a three-dimensional off-lattlce protein folding model,which involves two species of residuesinteracting through Lennard-Jones potentials.By incorporating an extra energy contribution into the original potentialfunction,we replace the original constrained problem with an unconstrained minimization of a mixed potential function.As such an efficient quasi-physical algorithm for solving the protein folding problem is presented.We apply the proposedalgorithm to sequences with up to 55 residues and compare the computational results with the putative lowest energyfound by several of the most famous algorithms,showing the advantages of our method.The dynamic behavior of thequasi-physical algorithm is also discussed.

Heuristic Quasi-physical Algorithm for Protein Structure Prediction

A three-dimensional off-lattice protein model with two species of monomers, hydrophobic and hydrophilic, is studied. Enligh- tened by the law of reciprocity among things in the physical world, a heuristic quasi-physical algorithm for protein structure prediction problem is put forward. First, by elaborately simulating the movement of the smooth elastic balls in the physical world, the algorithm finds low energy configurations for a given monomer chain. An ＂off-trap＂ strategy is then proposed to get out of local minima. Experimental results show promising performance. For all chains with lengths 13≤n ≤55, the proposed algorithm finds states with lower energy than the putative ground states reported in literatures. Furthermore, for chain lengths n = 21, 34, and 55, the algorithm finds new low energy configurations different from those given in literatures.

Exercise-induced modulation of miR-149-5p and MMP9 in LPS-triggered diabetic myoblast ER stress: licorice glycoside E as a potential therapeutic target

Background:This study explores the relationship between endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress and diabetes,particularly focusing on the impact of physical exercise on ER stress mechanisms and identifying potential therapeutic drugs and targets for diabetes-related sepsis.The research also incorporates traditional physical therapy perspectives,emphasizing the genomic insights gained from exercise therapy in disease management and prevention.Methods:Gene analysis was conducted on the GSE168796 and GSE94717 datasets to identify ER stress-related genes.Gene interactions and immune cell correlations were mapped using GeneCard and STRING databases.A screening of 2,456 compounds from the TCMSP database was performed to identify potential therapeutic agents,with a focus on their docking potential.Techniques such as luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA interference were used to examine the interactions between microRNA-149-5p and MMP9.Results:The study identified 2,006 differentially expressed genes and 616 miRNAs.Key genes like MMP9,TNF-α,and IL1B were linked to an immunosuppressive state.Licorice glycoside E demonstrated high affinity for MMP9,suggesting its potential effectiveness in treating diabetes.The constructed miRNA network highlighted the regulatory roles of MMP9,IL1B,IFNG,and TNF-α.Experimental evidence confirmed the binding of microRNA-149-5p to MMP9,impacting apoptosis in diabetic cells.Conclusion:The findings highlight the regulatory role of microRNA-149-5p in managing MMP9,a crucial gene in diabetes pathophysiology.Licorice glycoside E emerges as a promising treatment option for diabetes,especially targeting MMP9 affected by ER stress.The study also underscores the significance of physical exercise in modulating ER stress pathways in diabetes management,bridging traditional physical therapy and modern scientific understanding.Our study has limitations.It focuses on the microRNA-149-5p-MMP9 network in sepsis,using cell-based methods without animal or clinical trials.Despite strong in vitro findings,in vivo studies are needed to confirm licorice glycoside E’s therapeutic potential and understand the microRNA-149-5p-MMP9 dynamics in real conditions.

A rock physics model for the characterization of organic-rich shale from elastic properties

Kerogen content and kerogen porosity play a significant role in elastic properties of organic-rich shales. We construct a rock physics model for organic-rich shales to quantify the effect of kerogen content and kerogen porosity using the Kuster and Toks6z theory and the selfconsistent approximation method. Rock physics modeling results show that with the increase of kerogen content and kerogen-related porosity, the velocity and density of shales decrease, and the effect of kerogen porosity becomes more obvious only for higher kerogen content. We also find that the Poisson＇s ratio of the shale is not sensitive to kerogen porosity for the case of gas saturation. Finally, for the seismic reflection responses of an organic-rich shale layer, forward modeling results indicate the fifth type AVO re- sponses which correspond to a negative intercept and a positive gradient. The absolute values of intercept and gradient increase with kerogen content and kerogen porosity, and present predictable variations associated with velocities and density.

A model of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in black hole X-ray binaries

A model of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations （LFQPOs） of black hole X-ray binaries （BHXBs） is proposed based on the perturbed magnetohydrody- namic equations of an accretion disk. It turns out that the LFQPO frequencies of some BHXBs can be fitted by the frequencies of the toroidal Alfv6n wave oscillation cor- responding to the maximal radiation flux. In addition, the positive correlation of the LFQPO frequencies with the radiation flux from an accretion disk is well interpreted.

Physical criterion study on forward stagnation point heat flux CFD computations at hypersonic speeds

In order to evaluate uncertainties in computational fluid dynamics （CFD） computations of the stagnation point heat flux, a physical criterion is developed. Based on a quasi-one-dimensional hypothesis along the stagnation line, a new stagnation flow model is applied to obtain the governing equations of the flow near the stagnation point at hypersonic speeds. From the above equations, the compatibility relations are given at the stagnation point and along the stagnation line, which consist of the physical criterion for checking the accuracy in the stagnation point heat flux computations. The verification of the criterion is made with various numerical results.

A magnetic reconnection model for quasi-periodic oscillations in black hole systems

The quasi-periodic oscillations （QPOs） in black hole （BH） systems with different scales are interpreted based on the magnetic reconnection of large-scale mag- netic fields generated by toroidal electric currents flowing in the inner region of the accretion disk, where the current density is assumed to be proportional to the mass density of the accreting plasma. The magnetic connection （MC） is taken into account in resolving dynamic equations describing the accretion disk, in which the MC be- tween the inner and outer disk regions, between the plunging region and the disk, and between the BH horizon and the disk are involved. It turns out that a single QPO frequency associated with several BH systems with different scales can be fitted by in- voking the magnetic reconnection due to the MC between the inner and outer regions of the disk, including the BH binaries XTE J1859＋226, XTE J1650-500 and GRS 1915＋105 and the massive BHs in NGC 5408 X-1 and RE J1034＋396. In addition, the X-ray spectra corresponding to the QPOs for these sources are fitted based on the typical disk-corona model.

非均质物理双摆的混沌特性研究

为了解决工程实际中材料质量不均匀分布对双摆系统运动的影响,在均质物理双摆模型的基础上,将摆的质心位置和摆的转动惯量提取为变量,建立非均质双摆模型。将非均质双摆系统由Hamilton系统近似为拟Hamilton系统,运用双自由度的Melnikov法,得到拟Hamilton系统存在Smale马蹄意义下混沌的能量阈值,以此作为Hamilton系统的混沌条件。利用最大Lyapunov指数图、分岔图、Poincaré截面图等数值方法验证混沌条件的正确性,并详细分析了各参数对系统运动状态的影响和作用机制。结果表明,非均质双摆的混沌阈值有较高复杂性,而且摆长、摆重、第一摆的质心位置同时影响着系统的能量与混沌阈值,解释了质心位置和转动惯量等参数发生变化时,系统在混沌和拟周期之间交替变换的原因。进一步研究了参数取值与Melnikov法适用性之间的关系,通过数值仿真分类讨论了Melnikov法不适用时的参数取值情况。

弹性损伤理论的几何-拓扑描述

材料内部微观几何缺陷通常是作为物理非线性问题在本构方程中考虑。针对连续介质弹性损伤理论作几何拓扑,采用非完整标架方法把材料内部微观几何缺陷转化为材料空间的弯曲,并体现在基本几何法则中。首先由连续损伤变量定义拟塑性张量,给出这些基本张量所满足的连续性方程和基本几何法则。由此建立了弹性损伤缺陷与Riemann流形的对应关系,将物理非线性问题转化为物理线性和材料所在空间的弯曲之和。最后讨论了二维情况下,各向同性晶格材料受各向异性损伤的算例。

一类积分-微分方程解的有界性

本文研究了积分-微分方程解的有界性质。给出了方程(A)所有解有界的判別准则,同时也研究了方程(A)解的渐近性质。给出了方程(A)所有解当t→∞时趋向于有穷极限的充分条件。

La基非晶合金蠕变缺陷激活机制

作为潜在的结构以及功能材料,非晶合金的变形行为研究始终受到广泛关注.非晶合金力学行为与其微观结构非均匀性之间的内禀性关联是固体力学和固体物理研究领域的重要科学问题之一.文章选取具有优异玻璃形成能力和力学性能的La_(62)Cu_(12)Ni_(12)Al_(14)非晶合金为模型体系,探索非晶合金蠕变变形机理及其缺陷激活演化机制.基于蠕变实验,系统地研究了退火对模型合金体系蠕变行为的影响,采用唯象扩展指数方程和弛豫时间谱分析,着重探讨了非晶合金扩展指数、特征弛豫时间、弛豫时间强度分布随退火时间的演化规律,获得了退火处理对非晶合金蠕变的影响机理.基于准点缺陷理论框架推导力学响应本构方程,可精确描述非晶合金蠕变变形演化过程,通过微剪切畴的形成、扩展以及不可逆合并合理解释了弹性、滞弹性和塑性变形分量的演化机制.从非晶合金高温拉伸蠕变实验出发,厘清了热力耦合作用下非晶合金缺陷激活机制,同时为进一步探究非晶合金结构非均匀性微观起源提供新思路.

A Review on GRAPES-TMM Operational Model System at Guangzhou Regional Meteorological Center

This review summarizes the general developments of the operational mesoscale model system based on the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System-Tropical Monsoon Model (GRAPES-TMM) at the Guangzhou Regional Meteorological Center. GRAPES-TMM consists of the Tropical Regional Atmospheric Model System for the South China Sea (TRAMS, a typhoon model with a horizontal resolution of 9 km), the Mesoscale Atmospheric Regional Model System (MARS, 3km) and the fine-scale Rapid Update Cycling (RUC, 1km) forecasting system. The main advances of model dynamical core and physical processes are summarized, including the development of the 3D reference atmosphere scheme, the coupling scheme between dynamics and model physics, the calculation of nonlinear terms by fractional steps, the gravity wave drag scheme induced by sub-grid orography and a simplified model for landsurface scheme. The progress of model applications is reviewed and evaluated. The results show that the updated 9-3-1forecasting system provides an overall improved performance on the weather forecasting in south China, especially for typhoon-genesis and typhoon-track forecasting as well as short-range weather forecasting. Capabilities and limitations as well as the future development of the forecasting system are also discussed.

Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Li-doped ZnO Thin Films Influenced by Annealing Temperature

Li-doped ZnO thin films had been grown by radio frequency magnetron sputtering and then annealed under various annealing temperatures. The characteristics of ZnO films were examined by XRD, FESEM, Hall measurement and optical transmission spectra. Results showed that p type conduction was observed in Li doped ZnO films annealed at 500-600 ℃ and thep type ZnO films possessed a good crystalline with c-axis orientation, dense surface, and average transmission of about 85% in visible spectral region.

Hyperaccretion after the Blandford-Znajek Process:A New Model for GRBs with X-Ray Flares Observed in Early Afterglows

We propose a three-stage model with Blandford-Znajek （BZ） and hyperaccretion process to interpret the recent observations of early afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts （GRBs）. In the first stage, the prompt GRB is powered by a rotating black hole （BH） invoking the BZ process. The second stage is a quiet stage, in which the BZ process is shut off, and the accretion onto the BH is depressed by the torque exerted by the magnetic coupling （MC） process. Part of the rotational energy transported by the MC process from the BH is stored in the disk as magnetic energy. In the third stage, the MC process is shut off when the magnetic energy in the disk accumulates and triggers magnetic instability. At this moment, the hyperaccretion process may set in, and the jet launched in this restarted central engine generates the observed X-ray flares. This model can account for the energies and timescales of GRBs with X-ray flares observed in early afterglows.

Constraints on individual supermassive binary black holes using observations of PSR J1909-3744

We perform a search for gravitational waves(GWs) from several supermassive binary black hole(SMBBH) candidates(NGC 5548, Mrk 231, OJ 287, PG 1302–102, NGC 4151, Ark 120 and 3C 66B) in long-term timing observations of the pulsar PSR J1909-3744 obtained using the Parkes radio telescope.No statistically significant signals were found. We constrain the chirp masses of those SMBBH candidates and find the chirp mass of NGC 5548 and 3C 66B to be less than 2.4 × 10^9 M⊙ and 2.5 × 10^9 M⊙(with 95% confidence), respectively. Our upper limits remain a factor of 3 to 370 above the likely chirp masses for these candidates as estimated from other approaches. The observations processed here provide upper limits on the GW strain amplitude that improve upon the results from the first Parkes Pulsar Timing Array data release by a factor of 2 to 7. We investigate how information about the orbital parameters can help to improve the search sensitivity for individual SMBBH systems. Finally, we show that these limits are insensitive to uncertainties in the Solar System ephemeris model.

A Quasi-physical Algorithm for the Structure Optimization in an Off-lattice Protein Model

In this paper, we study an off-lattice protein AB model with two species of monomers, hydrophobic and hydrophilic, and present a heuristic quasi-physical algorithm. First, by elaborately simulating the movement of the smooth solids in the physical world, we find low-energy conformations for a given monomer chain. A subsequent off-trap strategy is then proposed to trigger a jump for a stuck situation in order to get out of the local minima. The algorithm has been tested in the three-dimensional AB model for all sequences with lengths of 13-55 monomers. In several cases, we renew the putative ground state energy values. The numerical results show that the proposed methods are very promising for finding the ground states of proteins.

Quasi-Physical Algorithm of an Off-Lattice Model for Protein Folding Problem

Protein folding problem is one of the most prominent problems of bioinformatics. In this paper, we study a three-dimensional off-lattice protein AB model with two species of monomers, hydrophobic and hydrophilic, and present a heuristic quasi-physical algorithm. By elaborately simulating the movement of the smooth elastic balls in the physical world, the algorithm finds low-energy configurations for a given monomer chain. A subsequent ＂off-trap＂ strategy is proposed to trigger a jump for a stuck situation in order to get out of local minima. The methods have been tested in the off-lattice AB model. The computational results show promising performance. For all sequences with 13 to 55 monomers, the algorithm finds states with lower energy than previously proposed putative ground states. Furthermore, for the sequences with 21, 34 and 55 monomers, new putative ground states are found, which are different from those given in present literature.

Do Radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei really follow the same M_(BH)-σ_* Relation as Normal Galaxies?

In an examination of the relationship between the black hole mass MBH and stellar velocity dispersion σ＊ in radio-loud active galactic nuclei （AGNs）, we studied two effects which may cause uncertainties in the black hole mass estimates of radio-loud AGNs： the relativistic beaming effect on the observed optical continuum radiation and the orientation effect on the broad emission line width. After correcting these two effects, we re-examined the MBH- σ[OIII] relation for a sample of radio-loud and radio-quiet AGNs, and found the relation for radio-loud AGNs still deviated from that for nearby normal galaxies and radio-quiet AGNs. We also found there is no significant correlation between radio jet power and narrow [OIII] line width, indicating absence of strong interaction between radio jet and narrow line region. It may be that the deviation of the MBH-σ＊ relation of radio-loud AGNs is intrinsic, or that the [OIII] line width is not a good indicator of σ＊ for radio-loud AGNs.

Gamma-ray Bursts: a Probe of Black Holes

There is strong evidence for the existence of black holes (BHs) in some X-ray binaries and in most galactic nuclei based on different types of measurement, but black holes have not been definitely identified for the lack of very firm observational evidence up to now. Because direct evidence for BHs should come from determination of strong gravitational redshift, we expect an object can fall into the region near the BH horizon where radiation can be detected. Therefore the object must be a compact star such as a neutron star (NS), and intense astrophysical processes will release highly energetic radiation that is transient and fast-varying. These characteristics may point to the observed gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Recent observations of iron lines suggest that afterglows of GRBs show properties similar to those observed in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), implying that the GRBs may originate from intense events related to black holes. A model for GRBs and after-glows is proposed here to obtain the range of gravitational redshifts (zg) of GRBs with known cosmological redshifts. Here, we provide a new method that, with a search for high-energy emission lines (X- or -γ-rays) in GRBs, one can determine the gravitational redshift. We expect zg to be 0.5 or even larger, so we can rule out the possibility of other compact objects such as NSs, and identify the central progenitors of GRBs as black holes.