Level density of odd-A nuclei at saddle point

Based on the covariant density functional theory,by employing the core–quasiparticle coupling(CQC)model,the nuclear level density of odd-A nuclei at the saddle point is achieved.The total level density is calculated via the convolution of the intrinsic level density and the collective level density.The intrinsic level densities are obtained in the finite-temperature covariant density functional theory,which takes into account the nuclear deformation and pairing self-consistently.For saddle points on the free energy surface in the(β_(2),γ)plane,the entropy and the associated intrinsic level density are compared with those of the global minima.By introducing a quasiparticle to the two neighboring even–even core nuclei,whose properties are determined by the five-dimensional collective Hamiltonian model,the collective levels of the odd-A nuclei are obtained via the CQC model.The total level densities of the^(234-240)U agree well with the available experimental data and Hilaire’s result.Furthermore,the ratio of the total level densities at the saddle points to those at the global minima and the ratio of the total level densities to the intrinsic level densities are discussed separately.

Effect of Terrestrial LiDAR Point Sampling Density in Ephemeral Gully Characterization

Gully erosion can account for significant volumes of sediment exiting agricultural landscapes, but is difficult to monitor and quantify its evolution with traditional surveying technology. Scientific investigations of gullies depend on accurate and detailed topographic information to understand and evaluate the complex interactions between field topography and gully evolution. Detailed terrain representations can be produced by new technologies such as terrestrial LiDAR systems. These systems are capable of collecting information with a wide range of ground point sampling densities as a result of operator controlled factors. Increasing point density results in richer datasets at a cost of increased time needed to complete field surveys. In large research watersheds, with hundreds of sites being monitored, data collection can become costly and time consuming. In this study, the effect of point sampling density on the capability to collect topographic information was investigated at individual gully scale. This was performed through the utilization of semi-variograms to produce overall guiding principles for multi-temporal gully surveys based on various levels of laser sampling points and relief variation (low, moderate, and high). Results indicated the existence of a point sampling density threshold that produces little or no additional topographic information when exceeded. A reduced dataset was created using the density thresholds and compared to the original dataset with no major discrepancy. Although variations in relief and soil roughness can lead to different point sampling density requirements, the outcome of this study serves as practical guidance for future field surveys of gully evolution and erosion.

Trees species’ dispersal mode and habitat heterogeneity shape negative density dependence in a temperate forest

Conspecific negative density dependence(CNDD)is a potentially important mechanism in maintaining species diversity.While previous evidence showed habitat heterogeneity and species’dispersal modes affect the strength of CNDD at early life stages of trees(e.g.,seedlings),it remains unclear how they affect the strength of CNDD at later life stages.We examined the degree of spatial aggregation between saplings and trees for species dispersed by wind and gravity in four topographic habitats within a 25-ha temperate forest dynamic plot in the Qinling Mountains of central China.We used the replicated spatial point pattern(RSPP)analysis and bivariate paircorrelation function(PCF)to detect the spatial distribution of saplings around trees at two scales,15 and 50 m,respectively.Although the signal was not apparent across the whole study region(or 25-ha),it is distinct on isolated areas with specific characteristics,suggesting that these characteristics could be important factors in CNDD.Further,we found that the gravity-dispersed tree species experienced CNDD across habitats,while for wind-dispersed species CNDD was found in gully,terrace and low-ridge habitats.Our study suggests that neglecting the habitat heterogeneity and dispersal mode can distort the signal of CNDD and community assembly in temperate forests.

Some Results on the Upper Convex Densities of the Self-Similar Sets at the Contracting-Similarity Fixed Points

In this paper, some results on the upper convex densities of self-similar sets at the contracting-similarity fixed points are discussed. Firstly, a characterization of the upper convex densities of self-similar sets at the contracting-similarity fixed points is given. Next, under the strong separation open set condition, the existence of the best shape for the upper convex densities of self-similar sets at the contracting-similarity fixed points is proven. As consequences, an open problem and a conjecture, which were posed by Zhou and Xu, are answered.

密度先验引导的无监督深度点云降噪算法

为了提高无监督深度点云降噪算法的性能,提出密度先验引导的无监督深度点云降噪算法.基于现有的网络框架,首先设计了密度先验,通过噪声点云的整体分布计算每点位于真实底层曲面的概率;然后利用深度网络,通过上采、下采等策略克服大噪声点的影响,得到降噪点云;最后利用密度先验优化干净点的条件概率分布,设计无监督损失函数对网络进行优化,得到最终算法.此外,基于密度先验还提出低噪声点筛选方法和滤波算法.所提算法在PyTorch上实现,以基于ModelNet-40构造的仿真数据库及真实扫描数据PERL为例,以倒角距离及点到曲面的距离为评价指标.与DMR等算法相比,倒角距离平均降低0.35~1.34,点到曲面的距离平均降低0.68~1.94.实验结果表明,所提算法降噪结果优于现有算法,且具有较强的鲁棒性、普适性和泛化能力.

结合载客热点和POI的出租车停车位划定方法

针对出租车随意停靠造成城市交通拥堵甚至交通事故的问题,利用成都实际区域的出租车GPS(Global Position System)数据和爬取的POI(Point of Interest)数据,使用DBSCAN(Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Application with Noise)聚类算法对上下客点进行聚类,得到出租车的载客热点,根据POI的类型划定载客热点区域的类型,对出租车不同时间的出行需求进行分析,进而划分出出租车的固定停车区域。研究结果表明,出租车固定停车区域的设定与出行者的出行需求有关,即将固定停车区域设置在出行者出行需求多的区域,可以满足出行者的不同出行需求。结合出租车载客热点和爬取POI数据划定固定停车区域的方法具有较高的实用性,可为城市交通安全方面提供理论和现实意义。

Spectral features of geomagnetic low point displacement and its mechanism

In this paper,Changli station in Hebei Province was taken as an example,in which the minute data of geomagnetic Z component was used to analyze the spectral values of its main frequencies during normal time,geomagnetic storm time and low point displacement time interval respectively. After fitting of ten high spectral values to loga-rithmic functions,it is found that,by using same length of data,the spectral values at geomagnetic storm time in-crease apparently compared with those at normal time,especially at the high frequency segment. While low point displacement occurred,the spectral values at high frequency are approximate to those at normal time,but at period above 4 hours they are mostly lower than those at normal time. Comparison of accumulating of some FFT results at low point displacement and normal time shows that,spectral values at periods of 8.5 and 13.7 hours increase at low point displacement time relative to those at normal time. Compared with the images of Ne observed at DE-METER satellite,it is illustrated that the occurrence of geomagnetic low point displacement is well corresponding with the increase of Ne in ionosphere. Finally it was discussed about those spectral features and the occurrence mechanism of geomagnetic low point displacement.

高度城镇化背景下深圳市易涝点驱动因子分析

根据深圳市2018—2022年易涝点统计资料,运用标准差椭圆、空间自相关和核密度估计等方法对深圳市易涝点时空分布特征进行分析。将分别利用优化热点分析和核密度估计方法所得的内涝易发度作为因变量,运用参数最优地理探测器对连续型驱动因子最优离散化处理,探测易涝点空间分布差异的主要驱动因子及作用机制。结果表明:深圳市易涝点空间分布差异性显著,其分布的方向性减弱,集聚特征明显;人口经济类驱动因子对易涝点空间分布有最强解释力,气候特征类次之,暴雨日数和人口驱动因子的协同作用可以解释59.50%的易涝点分布;核密度估计所得的易发度具有更好的代表性,且对连续型因子最优离散化处理能显著提升其解释力。

基于密度与局部统计的单光子点云去噪方法

针对北京遥测技术研究所自主研发的64通道机载单光子激光雷达,提出一种基于密度与局部统计的二维剖面点云去噪方法:在确定信号点云的高程区间后,先使用基于密度的改进空间聚类算法粗去噪,然后使用基于局部统计的统计移除离群点算法精去噪,获取信号点云。实验结果表明,本方法可适用于多种地物类型点云,高程均方根误差为0.27 m,准确率90.78%,精度高于常规点云去噪算法,满足国产机载单光子激光雷达获取高精度地表三维轮廓的技术需求。

无人机载LiDAR点云密度对DEM精度的影响分析

无人机载LiDAR点云数据是目前生产DEM的重要数据源。为进一步提升DEM构建效率,本文选取平地和山地两类地形作为试验区,利用基于不规则三角网的点云抽稀算法,对滤波处理后的地面点云数据分别按照80%、60%、40%等7种地面点保留率进行抽稀,并用平均误差(ME)、标准差(SD)、均方根误差(RMSE)3个指标,对不同抽稀比例下生产的DEM成果进行综合精度评定。结果表明:(1)平地地面点云密度达2点/m^(2),山地地面点云密度达9点/m^(2)时,生产的0.5 m格网间距的DEM精度优于0.05 m;(2)随着地面点云密度的增加,DEM精度水平逐渐趋于稳定,当地面点云密度抽稀到1点/m^(2)时,DEM精度快速下降。针对无人机载LiDAR点云数据进行大范围工程化DEM生产任务,该研究结论对降低数据获取成本、提升DEM生产效率具有一定的指导和借鉴意义。

点云密度特征约束下的隧道开挖轴线抗噪提取

三维激光扫描仪获取的隧道原始点云数据往往包含大量的无关点,这对隧道轴线的提取有较大的影响,同时较难满足现场施工的实时性需求。针对上述问题,本文将考虑隧道点云密度特征,提出一种高效、自动的隧道中轴线提取方法。首先,统计隧道点云的密度特征,依据不同密度的点云区域,判别其点云特征,生成不同的约束系数,并将约束系数作为轴线拟合点的选取依据;其次,经过俯视投影和RANSAC处理,得到投影平面中轴线;然后,经过侧视投影得到拱顶位置,依据拱顶位置将中轴线调整至隧道中心处;最后,利用RANSAC线性拟合以实现对不同区段轴线的预测。结果表明,本文方法根据指定区域的隧道点云密度特征,能够快速、准确提取带有大量噪声的隧道点云中轴线,且适用于不同区段的开挖隧道,具有较好的适应性。

复杂异型建筑立面测绘轮廓提取方法设计

为解决点云数据密度异常时复杂异型建筑立面测绘轮廓提取精度变差的问题,提出基于局部点云密度的复杂异型建筑立面测绘轮廓提取方法。引入基于平面投影和双边滤波的测绘点云数据平滑方法,对测绘数据进行去噪和平滑处理,并通过点云分割方法提取目标点云区域。通过基于改进Alpha Shapes算法的立面测绘轮廓提取方法,以边界网格筛选的方式,去除目标点云区域冗余点云数据后,使用滚动圆半径自适应调节方法提取轮廓数据。试验结果表明,所提取轮廓匹配度高达95.08%,具有良好的精度和可行性。该方法可在有效平滑点云数据、分割获取目标点云区域的同时,高精度提取复杂异型建筑立面测绘轮廓。

Mathematical Wave Functions and 3D Finite Element Modelling of the Electron and Positron

The wave/particle duality of particles in Physics is well known. Particles have properties that uniquely characterize them from one another, such as mass, charge and spin. Charged particles have associated Electric and Magnetic fields. Also, every moving particle has a De Broglie wavelength determined by its mass and velocity. This paper shows that all of these properties of a particle can be derived from a single wave function equation for that particle. Wave functions for the Electron and the Positron are presented and principles are provided that can be used to calculate the wave functions of all the fundamental particles in Physics. Fundamental particles such as electrons and positrons are considered to be point particles in the Standard Model of Physics and are not considered to have a structure. This paper demonstrates that they do indeed have structure and that this structure extends into the space around the particle’s center (in fact, they have infinite extent), but with rapidly diminishing energy density with the distance from that center. The particles are formed from Electromagnetic standing waves, which are stable solutions to the Schrödinger and Classical wave equations. This stable structure therefore accounts for both the wave and particle nature of these particles. In fact, all of their properties such as mass, spin and electric charge, can be accounted for from this structure. These particle properties appear to originate from a single point at the center of the wave function structure, in the same sort of way that the Shell theorem of gravity causes the gravity of a body to appear to all originate from a central point. This paper represents the first two fully characterized fundamental particles, with a complete description of their structure and properties, built up from the underlying Electromagnetic waves that comprise these and all fundamental particles.

单点高密度资料的组合去噪方法研究

为了推动老区油气田的进一步勘探开发,解决复杂隐秘油气储集体的勘探开发难题,主要针对单点高密度资料的处理方法进行研究。单点高密度资料的特点是小面元宽频带、宽方位、高炮道密度,同时信噪比较低,因此在室内资料处理过程中解决好信噪比问题非常关键,并基于地震资料的时频域特征利用分级曲波变换对叠前噪音进行组合压制。

电加热机织物的发热性能及发热均匀性探讨

以发热功率密度和温度均匀系数为指标,基于正交试验方案,探讨以不锈钢纤维纱为电加热元件的电加热机织物制备工艺。并基于九宫格取点法,优化温度均匀系数测试方法。研究发现:本研究中,温度测点取81点是可信的均匀度评价方案。电加热机织物的纬纱排列规律为1根不锈钢纤维纱+3根黏胶纱、纬纱密度为10.5根/cm、组织结构为经二重1/7时,织物具有较为优异的发热性能,发热功率密度为857.23 W/m^(2);电加热机织物的纬纱排列规律为1根不锈钢纤维纱+5根黏胶纱、纬纱密度为6.5根/cm、组织结构为经二重1/3时,电加热机织物具有较为优异的发热均匀性。

DST-Pointnet++:基于Pointnet++改进的点云分类网络

点云提供了精确的空间位置信息而被广泛应用于环境感知领域。近年来,越来越多的工作尝试直接以点云作为输入进行特征提取,Pointnet[10]和Pointnet++[11]是这个方向的开创者,但Pointnet++没有考虑点云非均匀采样的问题。研究提出了DST-Pointnet++对其进行改进,通过核密度估计和非线性变换从点云中提取出逆密度因子,将其与原点云特征进行加权,得到了具有密度信息的点云特征,提高了边缘点对局部特征的贡献,改善了因点云分布不均造成的问题。经过在公开数据集上测试对比,结果表明DST-Pointnet++具有更好的准确率和鲁棒性。

Reconstruction of the Density Profile for the EAST Tokamak Based on Polarimeter/Interferometer and Microwave Reflectometer Systems

A plasma density profile reconstruction procedure based on the Park matrix method has been developed for both circular and elongated plasma configuration on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).This method incorporates the line integrated electron density measured by the HCN interferometer and polarimeter/interferometer(POINT) system,the equilibrium fit(EFIT) based on magnetic measurements and the edge electron density profile provided by the microwave reflectometer.It is shown that when the magnetic flux surfaces are slightly corrected,the fitting error is less than 5% in comparison with the measurement data.

First-Principle Calculations of Hardness and Melting Point of Mo_2C

This paper has constructed two kinds of atomic and electronic models for hexagonal β-Mo2C and orthorhombic α-Mo2C. The optimized lattice parameters, elastic constant matrixes and overlap population for Mo2C crystal cells have been obtained to realize the characterization of the hardness and melting point of the two structures by the first-principles plane wave pseudo potential method based on the density functional theory. The results reveal that the calculated lattice parameters of the Mo2C crystal cells agree with the experimental and other calculated data. The calculated melting point/hardness are 2715 K/11.38 GPa for β-Mo2C and 2699 K/10.57～12.67 GPa for α-Mo2C, respectively. The calculated results from the density of states (DOS) demonstrate that the hybridization effect between Mo-3d and C-2p states in α-Mo2C crystal cell is much stronger than that in β-Mo2C one.

Stability of Triangular Points of the Generalized Photogravitational Robes Restricted Three-Body Problem

The linear stability of the triangular points was studied for the Robes restricted three-body problem when the bigger primary (rigid shell) is oblate spheroid and the second primary is radiating. The critical mass obtained depends on the oblateness of the rigid shell and radiation of the second primary as well as the density parameter k. The stability of the triangular points depends largely on the values of k. The destabilizing tendencies of the oblateness and radiation factors were enhanced when k > 0 and weakened for k .

Stability of Collinear Points in the Generalized Photogravitational Robes Restricted Three-Body Problem

In studying the effects of radiation and oblateness of the primaries on the stability of collinear equilibrium points in the Robes restricted three-body problem we observed the variations of the density parameter k with the mass parameter μ for constant radiation and oblateness factors on the location and stability of the collin-ear points L1, L2and L3. It is also discovered that the collinear points are unstable for k > 0 and stable for k < 0.