Raman Spectrum and Thermal Stability of a Newly Developed TeO_2-BaO-BaF_2-La_2O_3-LaF_3 Glass

In this work, a new TeO2-BaO-BaF2-La2O3-LaF3 oxyfluorotellurite glass system is investigated. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and structural analysis by Raman scattering spectra are reported on the glasses. The DTA results indicated that an increase of fluoride content in the glasses decreases the glass transition temperature (Tg) and increases the crystallization onset temperature (Tx). As a result the 70TeO2·20BaF2·10LaF3 glass showed a large Hruby's parameter, possessing excellent thermal stability. Changes in glass network structure with fluoride content are discussed based on the Raman scattering spectra of glasses. The glass network structures in the 70TeO2·4(20-x)BaO·xBaF2·(10-y)La2O3·yaF3 glasses are basically composed of both Te(O, F)4 and Te(O, F)3 units, but the Te(O, F)4/Te(O, F)3 ratio in the glass becomes higher with increasing fluoride content. This may be considered one of the reasons why the 70TeO2·20BaF2·10LaF3 glass exhibits excellent thermal stability.

Studies on Lattice Vibrational Modes of Na_5Eu(WO_4)_4 Single Crystal by Raman Spectrum

Raman and infrared spectra of host luminescent crystal Na_5Eu(WO_4)_4 in several different geometric con- figurations have been investigated.The symmetrical species of lattice vibrational modes of the crystal have been analysed by means of the site group analysis method of group theory.The experimental vibrational modes have been assigned to A_g,B_g,E_g,A_u and E_u of crystal factor group C_(4h).Because the energies of stretching vibrational modes of(WO_4)^(2-)ion groups are very high(in the range of 755～940 cm^(-1)),multiphonon nonradiative transitions of ~5D_2→~5D_1 and ~5D_1→~5D_0 in Eu^(3+)will occur.So it causes Eu^(3+)ions in Na_5Eu(WO_4)_4 to emit ~5D_0→~5F_j(j=1,2,3,4)emissions mainly at room temperature and the emission light of Na_5Eu( WO_4)_4 has high red colour purity.

Raman spectrum study of δ-doped GaAs/AlAs multiple-quantum wells

Three samples of GaAs/A1As multiple-quantum wells with different quantum well widths and tS-doped with Be ac- ceptors at the well center were grown on （100） GaAs substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. Polarized Raman spectra were recorded on the three samples at temperatures in a range of 4-50 K in a backscattering configuration. The two branches of coupled modes due to the interaction of the hole intersubband transitions and the quantum-well longitudinal optical （LO） phonon were observed clearly. The evaluation formalism of the Green function was employed and each lineshape of the Raman spectrum of the coupled modes was simulated. The dependence of the peak position of Raman shifts of the two coupled modes as well as the quantum-well LO phonon on the quantum-well size and measured temperature were given, and the coupling interaction mechanism between the hole subband transitions and the quantum-well LO phonon was researched.

RESEARCH ON COUPLED RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HYDRATION NUMBER WITH RAMAN SPECTRUM

As we know, there are three structures-sⅠ, sⅡ, and sH, with hydrocarbonate gas hydrate.Because of those special structures characteristics and potentail large fossil energy resource, gas hydrate play an important role in natural carbonate cycle system. In this paper, CH4, CO2, C3H8, and CH4 +CO2 system have been experimental performed in order to model hydrate formation and discomposition and to obtain hydrate stability conditions of tempreature and pressure. The results from laboratory using Raman spectra show that Raman spectrascopy is a effective tool to identify hydrate structure. Raman spectra of clathrate hydrate guest molecules are presented for two structure (sⅠ and sⅡ) in the following systems: CH4, CO2, C3 H8. Relatively occupancy of CH4 in the large and small cavities of sⅠ were determined by deconvoluting the v1 symmetric bands, resulting in hydration numbers of 6.04±0.03. The freqyuency of the v1 bands for CH4 in structures Ⅰ and Ⅱ differ statistically. The large cavities were measured to be almost fully occupied by CH4 and CO2, whereas only a small fraction of the small cavities are occupied by CH4. No CO2 was found in the small cavities.

Improvement of Raman spectrum uniformity of SERS substrate based on flat electrode

The distribution of metal nanoparticles on the surface of a surface enhancement Raman scattering(SERS)-active substrate plays a prominent part in not only the enhancement of Raman vibration signal,but also the spectrum uniformity.Here,a facile method to fabricate SERS substrates with excellent homogeneity and low cost was proposed,in which a lyotropic liquid crystal soft template was introduced for the coordinated growth of the silver nanoflowers in the process of electrochemistry deposition.Simulation was carried out to illustrate the dominated influence of the distance of electrodes on the deposited nanoparticle number.Two kinds of conductive materials,silver plate and indium tin oxide(ITO)glass,were chosen as the anode,while the cathode was fixed as ITO glass.The simulated conjecture on the effect of electrode flatness on the uniformity of deposited nanoparticles in silver is experimentally proved.More importantly,it was demonstrated that with a relatively smooth and flat ITO glass anode,a SERS substrate featuring higher spectrum uniformity could be achieved.This work is of great significance to the actual applications of the SERS substrate for quantitative detection with high sensitivity.

Raman Spectrum of Rhombohedral Neodymium-Aluminum Borate

The Raman spectrum of rhombohedral NdAl 3 (BO 3) 4 (NAB) is recorded and interpreted. A factor group analysis of the NAB space group shows that there are 21A 1 and 59E Raman active modes. A discussion of the assignment of the individual Raman lines is given. The splitting predicted by factor group for the internal modes of (BO 3) 3+ anion are observed and interpreted.

Crystal Structure and Raman Spectrum of Neodymium（Ⅲ） Complex of p－Aminobenzoic Acid and 1，10－Phenanthroline

Crystal structure of tetra(1,10-Phenanthroline)neodymium (Ⅲ) tetra(4-aminobenzoate)-hydrate, [Nd(p-ABA)4·2Phen]H+3O·2Phen (p-ABA:p-aminobenzoate,Phen:1,10-phenanthroline) has been determined by X-ray diffraction.The complex crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c.The cell dimensions are a=1.9067 (5) nm,b=1.9192 (3) nm,c=2.0190 (4) nm,β=117.25 (2) °.V=6.568 (3) nm3, Mr= 1428.63,Z=4 and Dx= 1.45 g·cm-3.The coordination number of Nd atom is 10, and the coordinated polyhedron around the Nd atom is distorted trigonal prism.

Si@Cu@Au AFM tips for tip-enhanced Raman spectrum

Tip-enhanced Raman spectrum(TERS) is a scanning probe technique for acquiring chemical information at high spatial resolution and with high chemical sensitivity. The sensitivity of TERS with atomic force microscopy(AFM) system is mainly determined by the metalized tips. Here, we report a fabrication protocol for AFM-TERS tips that incorporate a copper(Cu) primer film between a gold(Au) layer and a Si AFM tip. They were fabricated by coating the Si tip with a 2 nm Cu layer prior to adding a 20 nm Au layer. For top illumination TERS experiments, these tips exhibited superior TERS performance relative to that observed for tips coated with Au only. Samples included graphene, thiophenol and brilliant cresyl blue. The results may derive from the surface roughness of the tip apex and a Cu/Au synergism of local surface plasmon resonances.

A Study on the Raman Spectrum of the LiNbO_3－doped Mg Crystal at Low Temperature

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Raman Scattering Spectrum Analysis of GaP and Its luminous Materials

Abstract: The Raman scattering spectra of n- type GaP(doped S) single crystal and red and green luminous materials grown on the n - type GaP (doped S) single crys-tal substrate by liquid - phase epitaxy are analyed. The results show that the spectra of GaP single crystal and its luminous materials include not only the first - order longitudi-nal optical photons and transverse optical phonons Raman scattering peaks, but also the peaks of the bound excitons, bound electrons and bound holes.

基于UV-Vis漫反射、Raman与PL光谱联用技术在黄色珍珠无损检测中的应用

应用紫外-可见(UV-Vis)漫反射、拉曼(Raman)与光致发光(PL)光谱就当前市售的大小各异、金色饱和度深浅不一的珍珠其致色属性予以对比分析。结果表明:基于珍珠UV-Vis漫反射光谱特征的差异将金黄色珍珠初分为两种类型:Ⅰ型珍珠其谱图在(360±5) nm处存在吸收带、在(420±10) nm处存在较弱的吸收峰或肩,该类珍珠为当前珍珠销售市场较为常见的自身致色珍珠;除Ⅰ型珍珠外,将其他金黄色系珍珠归属为Ⅱ型,其对应的UV-Vis反射光谱主吸收峰可位于340~430 nm区间,部分Ⅱ型样品在280~600 nm无明显吸收或仅存在较弱的吸收肩。进一步就Ⅱ型珍珠予以Raman光谱检测,在激发强度较低时经处理的Ⅱ型黄色珍珠在150~1 000 cm^(-1)区间可产生较强的荧光峰,且荧光峰的强度明显高于文石约1 086 cm^(-1)处的特征峰。同时,上述经处理的Ⅱ型珍珠对应的PL光谱同样表明在500~600 nm区间的荧光强度显著增大。此外,部分经处理的珍珠其Raman或PL光谱中可见与珍珠组成成分无关的特征峰位。上述珍珠的Raman与PL光谱中出现的异常荧光与外来特征峰可作为珍珠经处理的佐证依据。课题工作为当前金黄色珍珠颜色的形成属性及仿珍珠的鉴定提供理论与技术支撑,同时对于Raman光谱在其他类宝玉石、特别是有机宝石的检测鉴定中具有重要的借鉴意义。

Low-Threshold Broadband Spectrum Generation by Amplification of Cascaded Stimulated Raman Scattering in an Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier

We present an experimental study on low-threshold broadband spectrum generation mainly due to the amplirfication of the cascaded stimulated Raman scattering （SRS） effect in a four-stage fiber master oscillator power amplifier system. The cascaded SRS is achieved by using a long passive fiber pumped by a pulsed fiber laser cen： tered at wavelength 1064 nm. The amplified spontaneous emission during the amplification process is efficiently suppressed by cutting the length of the passive fiber and by using a double-clad ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier. The generated broadband spectrum spans from 960nm to 1700nm with maximum average output 13.6 W and average spectral power density approximately 17. 7 mW/nm.

Investigation of Raman spectrum for nano-SnO_2

The dependence of the microstructural change and lattice space symmetry of nano-SnO2 on the annealing temperature has been studied systematically using Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.Comparing the results of nano-SnO2 with the results of amorphous film and single crystal of SnO2 it is found that the new Raman peaks N1 and N2 are in accordance with Matossi’s force constant model completely.When the annealing temperature is near 673K,the local lattice disorders and the density of vacant lattice decrease rapidly in the nano-SnO2 grains.The lattice distortion and the new Raman peaks disappear almost at the same time.The possible mechanisms of the microstructural change and the new Raman peaks NI and N2 are discussed.

拉曼光谱结合化学计量学方法的复方柳安咖注射液成分分析

为了实现复方柳安咖注射液成分的快速检测,利用拉曼光谱的指纹识别性、聚焦式采样方法及水影响较低的特点结合化学计量学方法对复方柳安咖注射液进行了分析。复方柳安咖注射液针剂样品的拉曼光谱显示,复方柳安咖注射液针剂的拉曼光谱主要由水杨酸钠、安替比林和咖啡因的水溶液拉曼谱带组成。以水杨酸钠梯度溶液拉曼光谱特征峰812 cm^(-1)和1033 cm^(-1)、安替比林梯度溶液拉曼光谱特征峰724 cm^(-1)和1005 cm^(-1),依据散射光强与相应组分浓度之间的关系,利用光谱特征峰高度、峰面积分别建立定量分析模型;考虑各成分光谱间的相互干扰,也利用水杨酸钠梯度溶液光谱745~920 cm^(-1)、1010~1060 cm^(-1)波段数据和安替比林梯度溶液拉曼光谱700~750 cm^(-1)、950~1020 cm^(-1)波段数据,基于偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立定量分析模型。两种分析模型对三个不同厂家不同生产批次的31个针剂样品中主要成分水杨酸钠和安替比林的含量进行预测,预测值与液相色谱法测试值相近;预测水杨酸钠和安替比林含量分别为标示量的96.4%~102.3%之间和98.1%~105.8%之间,都符合国家药品标准,与液相色谱测试法的分析结果一致。表明拉曼光谱结合化学计量学方法能对复方柳安咖注射液成分进行定量分析,具有准确、方便、快捷的优点。

一件汉代漆器锥画痕迹研究

本文利用超景深显微镜对漆器上的锥画痕迹进行微观观察和分析,直观验证了王世襄先生对明代黄成所著《髹饰录》中对“鎗划”和“嵌色”技艺的解读,并根据微观测量数据推断出了制作锥画工具的尖端形态。

拉曼光谱与中红外光谱融合技术快速定量食用酒精的乙醇浓度

目的利用拉曼光谱与中红外光谱的数据融合技术实现对食用酒精乙醇浓度(酒精度)的快速定量检测。方法首先,分别采集不同浓度食用酒精水溶液的拉曼光谱与中红外光谱。其次,采用多元散射校正(multiplicative scatter correction,MSC)、卷积平滑(Savitzky-Golay,S-G)、一阶求导的方法对原始数据进行预处理。然后,基于自举软缩减法(bootstrapping soft shrinkage,BOSS)和无信息变量消除算法(uninformative variable elimination,UVE)分别对预处理后的光谱数据进行特征提取,并利用X-Y距离样本集划分法(sample set partitioning based on joint X-Y distance,SPXY)将光谱数据划分为校正集和预测集。最后,建立基于拉曼光谱-中红外光谱数据融合的偏最小二乘回归(partial least squares regression,PLSR)食用酒精乙醇浓度预测模型,并利用麻雀搜寻算法优化的混合核极限学习机算法(sparrow search algorithm-optimized hybrid kernel extreme learning machine,SSA-HKELM)提升预测性能,实现对不同浓度食用酒精的快速、准确定量检测。结果与拉曼光谱数据、中红外光谱数据以及中红外与拉曼光谱的数据层融合构建的预测模型相比,中红外光谱与拉曼光谱特征层融合数据构建的预测模型具有更好的预测性能。其中,最优模型的校正集均方根误差(root mean squared error of calibration set,RMSEC)为0.98314,校正集决定系数(R_(c)^(2))为0.99634,预测集均方根误差(root mean squared error of prediction set,RMSEP)为1.03256,预测集决定系数(R_(p)^(2))为0.99036。结论中红外光谱与拉曼光谱特征层融合预测模型可以实现对不同浓度食用酒精的高效定量检测,为食用酒精的质量检测提供了有效的理论支持与技术保障。

高岭石/甲酰胺插层的Raman和DRIFT光谱

用 Raman和漫反射红外光谱研究高岭石

煤系针状焦微晶结构的XRD与Raman分峰拟合定量研究

采用XRD和Raman光谱分析技术,结合分峰拟合的数学方法,对不同生产厂家的三种煤系针状焦Coke-N,Coke-H,Coke-P进行了研究。由XRD分析结果计算出了三种针状焦的石墨化度、晶体结构类型以及晶粒尺寸(La和Lc),通过对XRD的分峰拟合处理,得出了三种针状焦中趋于规整结构的碳微晶含量(Ig)。通过对样品的XRD分析可知,Coke-N和Coke-P的石墨化程度及Lc相接近,并且明显大于Coke-H;La之间的关系为:Coke-N>Coke-P>Coke-H。通过Raman光谱结合分峰拟合的数学方法对样品进行了定量分析。研究结果表明,三种针状焦在拉曼位移1 000~2 000cm-1处有5个一阶谱拟合峰(G,D1,D2,D3,D4)。对样品的拉曼一阶谱拟合后所得出的每个拟合峰面积进行计算,可以用来定量分析三种针状焦中碳微晶结构的分布情况。由I_G/I_(All),I_(D1)/I_G,I_(D2)/I_G,I_(D3)/I_G,I_(D4)/I_G的计算可知,Coke-N和Coke-P的微晶结构比Coke-H的微晶结构更规整。在Coke-N中理想石墨碳微晶所占比例为0.33,而Coke-H和Coke-P分别为0.086和0.311。另外,Coke-H在三个样品中的无定形碳比例明显大于另外两个样品。Raman光谱分析结果与XRD的分析结果相吻合。由此可以看出,采用XRD和拉曼光谱分析技术可以从微观层面判定宏观质量不同的煤系针状焦差异的实质。

不同辐照度对雄黄退化的影响

光照对材料的影响是不可避免的,也是不可逆的,而且光照的损害具有积累作用。国际博物馆学会根据材料的光化学稳定性,将材料划分为:不敏感、低敏感、较敏感和极敏感。不同光敏感性材料对光照的承受能力是不同的,因此研究光照对颜料的影响是非常有必要的,这对文物的保护和修复有指导意义。雄黄是众所周知的光敏材料,在可见光的照射下,雄黄退化生成乌宗石(As4S5)和砒石(As_(2)O_(3)),其中乌宗石作为中间产物脱硫后生成副雄黄。光诱导雄黄退化是常见现象,但辐照条件不同,雄黄退化结果和所需时间也不同。拉曼光谱技术是一种无损检测技术,可进行定性、半定量的物质组分分析。在光诱导雄黄退化过程中,根据物质拉曼峰的位置和强度判断物质结构和成分。使用WLED灯照射雄黄,测得不同辐照度下雄黄拉曼信号完全消失的时间,得出辐照度y与雄黄退化时间x的关系为y=e^(9.057)/x^(0.861),表明辐照度越大,雄黄完全退化所需时间越短。且研究还发现雄黄经WLED辐照后的最终产物均是副雄黄和乌宗石共存,这是因为雄黄光照的退化产物副雄黄,在白色光源中含有的蓝光的辐照下,又退化成中间产物乌宗石。在古建筑内部照明中,应尽可能降低光敏颜料表面接收到的辐照度。照明光源不同,对雄黄的影响也有所不同,但该实验采用的照明光源符合目前照明情况,可以根据上述关系式,结合古建筑内部照明的辐照度对古建彩画进行定期修复。

α-LiAlO_2的固相合成及Raman光谱研究

用固相反应法制得α-Li Al O2 样品 ,并首次得到该材料的 Raman光谱 . Raman光谱表明 ,在 65 4 cm- 1和 4 2 6cm- 1 处存在两个较强的 Raman光谱峰 ,分别对应于 A1 g和 Eg 振动模式 .与 α-Li Co O2 比较可知 ,α-Li Al O2 的层间结合力相对于α-Li Co O2 更弱 。