[Objective] By carrying out the anther culture on the monosomic alien addition line MAAL8 of O.officinalis-O.sativa and the back crossing with O.sativa H1493,the genetic characteristics of monosomic alien addition lin...[Objective] By carrying out the anther culture on the monosomic alien addition line MAAL8 of O.officinalis-O.sativa and the back crossing with O.sativa H1493,the genetic characteristics of monosomic alien addition line were studied.[Method] The phenotype analysis was used to study the separation proportion of progeny.Moreover,SSR and the methylation analysis were used to study the transmission behavior of nonhomologous chromosome.[Result] 78 plants of 145 backcross progenies preserved the rolled leaf mark trait of MAAL8.In 32 anther culture plants,five plants had the normal rolled leaves,and two plants had the extremely rolled leaves.The rest had the flat leaves.14 couples of SSR markers were used to analyze,and it indicated that all the rolled-leaf plants could obtain the characteristic band type of O.officinalis,but the flat-leaf plants showed none of them.11 polymorphic RFLP markers were used to carry out Methylation-Sensitive Southern analysis.It showed that the methylation variation manners of eight markers between AA and CC genomes were different.[Conclusion] The nonhomologous chromosome of MAAL8 could pass to the progenies independently and integrally via the meiosis,and the phenotype characteristics didn＇t change.Moreover,the methylation manner of O.officinalis could inherit stably in the hybrid progeny as the addition of single chromosome.The stability of methylation might have the certain effect on the relatively independent inheritance of nonhomologous chromosome in the genome environment of O.sativa.展开更多
Interspecific alien addition lines have played significant roles in gene mapping, intergenomic gene transfer and chromosomal homoeological identification between closely related species. Selection of alien addition li...Interspecific alien addition lines have played significant roles in gene mapping, intergenomic gene transfer and chromosomal homoeological identification between closely related species. Selection of alien addition lines was conducted by karyotype analysis and morphological observation with the reference of parents. Triploid interspecies hybrid （AAC, 2n = 3x = 29） was obtained from Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis var. parachinensis Qinglu 9601 （tetraploid, AAAA, 2n = 4x = 40） x B. oleracea var. alboglabra Baihua 9705 （diploid, CC, 2n = 2x = 18） by immature hybrid embryo culture in vitro. Five different alien monosomic addition lines （AA ＋ C2, AA ＋ C3, AA ＋ C4, AA ＋ C6, AA ＋ C7） were obtained from the backcross progenies of AAC x AA. Each alien monosomic addition line has some specific morphological characters. It is feasible to obtain alien addition lines from the progenies of AAC × AA by karyotype analysis and morphological observation based on the reference of parents展开更多
In order to transfer useful genes of Hordeum californicum into common wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, the T. aestivum c.v. Chinese Spring （CS）-H. californicum amphiploid was crossed to CS, and its backcrossing and s...In order to transfer useful genes of Hordeum californicum into common wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, the T. aestivum c.v. Chinese Spring （CS）-H. californicum amphiploid was crossed to CS, and its backcrossing and self-fertilized progenies were analyzed by morpho- logical observation, cytological, biochemical and molecular marker techniques. Alien addition lines with two H. californicum chromo- somes were identified and their genetic constitution was characterized. STS-PCR analysis using chromosome 2B specific markers indi- cated that chromosome H3 of H. californicum belongs to homoeologous group 2, and was thus designated 2H. SDS-PAGE showed that chromosome H2 of H. californicum belongs to homoeologous group 5, and was designated 5H. The CS-H. californicum amphiploid and the chromosome addition lines （DA2H and MA5H） identified were evaluated for powdery mildew （Erysiphe graminis f. sp. triticii） resis- tance in field. The preliminary results indicated that the amphiploid showed higher powdery mildew resistance than CS. However, chro- mosome addition lines DA2H and MA5H were highly susceptible to powdery mildew, indicating that major powdery mildew resistant genes of H. californicum should be located on chromosomes other than 2H and 5H.展开更多
The economically valuable oil crop Brassica napus(AACC,2 n=38),which arose from interspecific hybridization between the diploid ancestors Brassica rapa(AA,2 n=20) and Brassica oleracea(CC,2 n=18),has a complex genome....The economically valuable oil crop Brassica napus(AACC,2 n=38),which arose from interspecific hybridization between the diploid ancestors Brassica rapa(AA,2 n=20) and Brassica oleracea(CC,2 n=18),has a complex genome.More than 10% of the assembled sequences,most of which belong to the C subgenome,have not been anchored to the corresponding chromosome.Previously,a complete set of monosomic alien addition lines(MAALs,C1–C9) with each of the nine C-subgenome chromosomes added to the extracted A subgenome was obtained from the allotetraploid B.napus donor Oro,after the ancestral B.rapa(RBR Oro) genome was restored.These MAALs effectively reduced the complexity of the B.napus genome.Here,we determined the expression values of genes on unanchored scaffolds in the MAALs and RBR Oro.Then,multiple comparisons of these gene expression values were used to determine the affiliations of the nonanchored scaffolds on which the genes were located.In total,54.68%(44.11 Mb) of the 80.67 Mb of non-anchored scaffolds belonging to the C subgenome were assigned to corresponding C chromosomes.This work highlights the potential value of these MAALs in improving the genome quality of B.napus.展开更多
An efficient plant regeneration system was developed from the immature embryos of Triticum aestivum L. - Thinopyrum intermedium alien disomic addition lines, which resistant to powdery mildew. The protocol was based o...An efficient plant regeneration system was developed from the immature embryos of Triticum aestivum L. - Thinopyrum intermedium alien disomic addition lines, which resistant to powdery mildew. The protocol was based on a series of experiments involving the callus induction and differentiation. The experiment studied the effects of embryo size on callus induction and differentiation of the immature embryos. We found that the embryo size is critical for the establishment of embryogenic callus. Immature embryos (0.8～1.5 mm) showed high ability to produce embryogenic callus capable of regenerating green plants. The medium Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) added with 2mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) gave the best embryogenic callus induction, maintenance and regeneration. The embryogenic callus maintained high regeneration during six subcultures in the callus induction medium. Suitable time of partial desiccation could effectively improve the regeneration capacity of the callus cultured for 3～4 month.Bud green spot and root green spot were observed during the differentiation of callus and the difference between them was described. Regenerated shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium containing 0.2 mg/L Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Plants were successfully transferred to soil and grew well. This efficient plant regeneration system provides a foundation for the study of somaclonal variation of Triticum aestivum L. - Thinopyrum intermedium alien disomic addition lines.展开更多
The model of skaft lining under force is developed on the basis of the special stratum condition led to sbart cracking- The model is broken into 3 sub-questions to solve separately. According to the principle of super...The model of skaft lining under force is developed on the basis of the special stratum condition led to sbart cracking- The model is broken into 3 sub-questions to solve separately. According to the principle of superposition and strain compatibility, a second kind Fredholm integral equation is generated.A theoretical solution to vertical additional force on shaft lining is obtained by numerical method to the integral equation.展开更多
A novel 2-indano[2,3b]-2-ferrocenyl- and 2-indano[2,3b]-2-(p-methoxy-phenyl)[1,5]benzo-2,5-dihydrothiazepine 5a,b (addition Michael/cyclization) (~30.32%), indano[2,3b]-2-ferrocenyl- and 2-(p-methoxyphenyl)[1,4] benzo...A novel 2-indano[2,3b]-2-ferrocenyl- and 2-indano[2,3b]-2-(p-methoxy-phenyl)[1,5]benzo-2,5-dihydrothiazepine 5a,b (addition Michael/cyclization) (~30.32%), indano[2,3b]-2-ferrocenyl- and 2-(p-methoxyphenyl)[1,4] benzothiazine 4a,b (addition “anti-Michael”/cyclization) (~45.43%), respectively, were obtained by the condensation of 2-ferrocenyl-and 2-(p-methoxy-phenyl)methyliden-1,3-indandiones 1a,b with o-aminothiophenol 2 in the presence of AcOH and HCl. A new “anti-Michael” addition reaction of 1,4-bis-heteronucleophile 2 into 2-arylmethyliden-1,3-indandiones was reported. As a result of this reaction the product 1a,b was obtained. The structures of the resultant compounds were elucidated by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental and X-ray diffraction analysis. The in vitro antitumor activity of the obtained products was researched using the following human cancer cell lines: glioblastoma (CNS U-251), prostatic adenocarcinoma (PC-3), chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562), colorectal adenocarcinoma (HCT-15), mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), and small cell lung cancer (SKLU) and the sulforhodamine B (SRB) method. Among these new compounds some thiazine and thiazepine derivatives showed compelling in vitro antitumor effects on cell lines K-562, HCT-15, SKLU-1 and MCF-7.展开更多
Evaluation of the genetic effect on yield and fiber quality can provide useful information on cotton breeding. Sixteen CSB lines and TM-1 introduced from USDA/ARS were used as male and top-crossed with three elite cul...Evaluation of the genetic effect on yield and fiber quality can provide useful information on cotton breeding. Sixteen CSB lines and TM-1 introduced from USDA/ARS were used as male and top-crossed with three elite cultivars and the 51 F1 hybrids, 16 CSB lines, TM-1, and 3 elite cultivars were planted at the Cotton Research Institute of CAAS, Anyang, Henan Province and Xiajin, Shandong Province, China. The yield traits and fiber quality data were obtained and additive and dominance effect on each trait were measured by AD model. Boll weight takes the largest additive proration, whereas boll number takes the least additive proration. The largest and the least dominant proration for lint yield and boll weight were measured, respectively. Fiber length has the additive and dominance effect, and dominance effect was slightly more than additive effect. Larger additive and no dominance effect on uniformity, micronaire, and fiber strength were measured. Significantly, positive additive effect on boll weight of CSB06 and CSB12Sh was observed. CSB14Sh and CSB01 have significantly positive additive effect on 4 and 3 traits of fiber quality, respectively. CSB01 has the greatest dominant effect on lint yield among CSB lines. The dominant effect on fiber length of CSB lines showed positive. It is beneficial to use CSB06 and CSB12Sh as parents to improve boll size, to use CSB14Sh and CSB01 as parents to improve fiber quality. As for hybrid cotton breeding, it is reasonable using CSB01 to improve lint yield traits, and using CSB01, CSB11Sh, and CSB06 to improve fiber length.展开更多
基金Supported by Hubei Natural Science Fund Item(2008CDB392)Natural Science Fund of South-Central University for Nationalities(yzz08005)~~
文摘[Objective] By carrying out the anther culture on the monosomic alien addition line MAAL8 of O.officinalis-O.sativa and the back crossing with O.sativa H1493,the genetic characteristics of monosomic alien addition line were studied.[Method] The phenotype analysis was used to study the separation proportion of progeny.Moreover,SSR and the methylation analysis were used to study the transmission behavior of nonhomologous chromosome.[Result] 78 plants of 145 backcross progenies preserved the rolled leaf mark trait of MAAL8.In 32 anther culture plants,five plants had the normal rolled leaves,and two plants had the extremely rolled leaves.The rest had the flat leaves.14 couples of SSR markers were used to analyze,and it indicated that all the rolled-leaf plants could obtain the characteristic band type of O.officinalis,but the flat-leaf plants showed none of them.11 polymorphic RFLP markers were used to carry out Methylation-Sensitive Southern analysis.It showed that the methylation variation manners of eight markers between AA and CC genomes were different.[Conclusion] The nonhomologous chromosome of MAAL8 could pass to the progenies independently and integrally via the meiosis,and the phenotype characteristics didn＇t change.Moreover,the methylation manner of O.officinalis could inherit stably in the hybrid progeny as the addition of single chromosome.The stability of methylation might have the certain effect on the relatively independent inheritance of nonhomologous chromosome in the genome environment of O.sativa.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(C2006000450).
文摘Interspecific alien addition lines have played significant roles in gene mapping, intergenomic gene transfer and chromosomal homoeological identification between closely related species. Selection of alien addition lines was conducted by karyotype analysis and morphological observation with the reference of parents. Triploid interspecies hybrid （AAC, 2n = 3x = 29） was obtained from Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis var. parachinensis Qinglu 9601 （tetraploid, AAAA, 2n = 4x = 40） x B. oleracea var. alboglabra Baihua 9705 （diploid, CC, 2n = 2x = 18） by immature hybrid embryo culture in vitro. Five different alien monosomic addition lines （AA ＋ C2, AA ＋ C3, AA ＋ C4, AA ＋ C6, AA ＋ C7） were obtained from the backcross progenies of AAC x AA. Each alien monosomic addition line has some specific morphological characters. It is feasible to obtain alien addition lines from the progenies of AAC × AA by karyotype analysis and morphological observation based on the reference of parents
文摘In order to transfer useful genes of Hordeum californicum into common wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, the T. aestivum c.v. Chinese Spring （CS）-H. californicum amphiploid was crossed to CS, and its backcrossing and self-fertilized progenies were analyzed by morpho- logical observation, cytological, biochemical and molecular marker techniques. Alien addition lines with two H. californicum chromo- somes were identified and their genetic constitution was characterized. STS-PCR analysis using chromosome 2B specific markers indi- cated that chromosome H3 of H. californicum belongs to homoeologous group 2, and was thus designated 2H. SDS-PAGE showed that chromosome H2 of H. californicum belongs to homoeologous group 5, and was designated 5H. The CS-H. californicum amphiploid and the chromosome addition lines （DA2H and MA5H） identified were evaluated for powdery mildew （Erysiphe graminis f. sp. triticii） resis- tance in field. The preliminary results indicated that the amphiploid showed higher powdery mildew resistance than CS. However, chro- mosome addition lines DA2H and MA5H were highly susceptible to powdery mildew, indicating that major powdery mildew resistant genes of H. californicum should be located on chromosomes other than 2H and 5H.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801391)the Doctoral Foundation of Guizhou Normal University,China(11904-0517061 and 11904-0517054)+1 种基金the Project for Young Growth of Education Department of Guizhou Province,China(GPED,qianjiaoheKYzi[2017]127)the Collaborative Fund of Guizhou Science and Technology,China(QKHLHZ[2017]7356 and [2012]21)
文摘The economically valuable oil crop Brassica napus(AACC,2 n=38),which arose from interspecific hybridization between the diploid ancestors Brassica rapa(AA,2 n=20) and Brassica oleracea(CC,2 n=18),has a complex genome.More than 10% of the assembled sequences,most of which belong to the C subgenome,have not been anchored to the corresponding chromosome.Previously,a complete set of monosomic alien addition lines(MAALs,C1–C9) with each of the nine C-subgenome chromosomes added to the extracted A subgenome was obtained from the allotetraploid B.napus donor Oro,after the ancestral B.rapa(RBR Oro) genome was restored.These MAALs effectively reduced the complexity of the B.napus genome.Here,we determined the expression values of genes on unanchored scaffolds in the MAALs and RBR Oro.Then,multiple comparisons of these gene expression values were used to determine the affiliations of the nonanchored scaffolds on which the genes were located.In total,54.68%(44.11 Mb) of the 80.67 Mb of non-anchored scaffolds belonging to the C subgenome were assigned to corresponding C chromosomes.This work highlights the potential value of these MAALs in improving the genome quality of B.napus.
文摘An efficient plant regeneration system was developed from the immature embryos of Triticum aestivum L. - Thinopyrum intermedium alien disomic addition lines, which resistant to powdery mildew. The protocol was based on a series of experiments involving the callus induction and differentiation. The experiment studied the effects of embryo size on callus induction and differentiation of the immature embryos. We found that the embryo size is critical for the establishment of embryogenic callus. Immature embryos (0.8～1.5 mm) showed high ability to produce embryogenic callus capable of regenerating green plants. The medium Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) added with 2mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) gave the best embryogenic callus induction, maintenance and regeneration. The embryogenic callus maintained high regeneration during six subcultures in the callus induction medium. Suitable time of partial desiccation could effectively improve the regeneration capacity of the callus cultured for 3～4 month.Bud green spot and root green spot were observed during the differentiation of callus and the difference between them was described. Regenerated shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium containing 0.2 mg/L Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Plants were successfully transferred to soil and grew well. This efficient plant regeneration system provides a foundation for the study of somaclonal variation of Triticum aestivum L. - Thinopyrum intermedium alien disomic addition lines.
文摘The model of skaft lining under force is developed on the basis of the special stratum condition led to sbart cracking- The model is broken into 3 sub-questions to solve separately. According to the principle of superposition and strain compatibility, a second kind Fredholm integral equation is generated.A theoretical solution to vertical additional force on shaft lining is obtained by numerical method to the integral equation.
文摘A novel 2-indano[2,3b]-2-ferrocenyl- and 2-indano[2,3b]-2-(p-methoxy-phenyl)[1,5]benzo-2,5-dihydrothiazepine 5a,b (addition Michael/cyclization) (~30.32%), indano[2,3b]-2-ferrocenyl- and 2-(p-methoxyphenyl)[1,4] benzothiazine 4a,b (addition “anti-Michael”/cyclization) (~45.43%), respectively, were obtained by the condensation of 2-ferrocenyl-and 2-(p-methoxy-phenyl)methyliden-1,3-indandiones 1a,b with o-aminothiophenol 2 in the presence of AcOH and HCl. A new “anti-Michael” addition reaction of 1,4-bis-heteronucleophile 2 into 2-arylmethyliden-1,3-indandiones was reported. As a result of this reaction the product 1a,b was obtained. The structures of the resultant compounds were elucidated by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental and X-ray diffraction analysis. The in vitro antitumor activity of the obtained products was researched using the following human cancer cell lines: glioblastoma (CNS U-251), prostatic adenocarcinoma (PC-3), chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562), colorectal adenocarcinoma (HCT-15), mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), and small cell lung cancer (SKLU) and the sulforhodamine B (SRB) method. Among these new compounds some thiazine and thiazepine derivatives showed compelling in vitro antitumor effects on cell lines K-562, HCT-15, SKLU-1 and MCF-7.
基金supported by the National Key Tech-nology R&D Program of China (2006BAD01A05)
文摘Evaluation of the genetic effect on yield and fiber quality can provide useful information on cotton breeding. Sixteen CSB lines and TM-1 introduced from USDA/ARS were used as male and top-crossed with three elite cultivars and the 51 F1 hybrids, 16 CSB lines, TM-1, and 3 elite cultivars were planted at the Cotton Research Institute of CAAS, Anyang, Henan Province and Xiajin, Shandong Province, China. The yield traits and fiber quality data were obtained and additive and dominance effect on each trait were measured by AD model. Boll weight takes the largest additive proration, whereas boll number takes the least additive proration. The largest and the least dominant proration for lint yield and boll weight were measured, respectively. Fiber length has the additive and dominance effect, and dominance effect was slightly more than additive effect. Larger additive and no dominance effect on uniformity, micronaire, and fiber strength were measured. Significantly, positive additive effect on boll weight of CSB06 and CSB12Sh was observed. CSB14Sh and CSB01 have significantly positive additive effect on 4 and 3 traits of fiber quality, respectively. CSB01 has the greatest dominant effect on lint yield among CSB lines. The dominant effect on fiber length of CSB lines showed positive. It is beneficial to use CSB06 and CSB12Sh as parents to improve boll size, to use CSB14Sh and CSB01 as parents to improve fiber quality. As for hybrid cotton breeding, it is reasonable using CSB01 to improve lint yield traits, and using CSB01, CSB11Sh, and CSB06 to improve fiber length.
