Microstructure and thermal stability behavior of a rapidly solidified Al-Ti-Fe-Cr alloy

A rapidly solidified Al-2.5Ti-2.5Fe-2.5Cr (mass fraction in percent) alloywas prepared by melt spinning. As-quenched and as-annealed microstructures were studied by X-raydiffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electronmicroscopy (HREM) and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) analysis. The microhardness of the alloy atdifferent annealing temperatures was measured. The results obtained indicate that the microhardnessof the rapidly solidified Al-2.5Ti-2.5Fe-2.5Cr alloy does not vary with different annealingtemperatures. The as-quenched microstructure of the alloy includes two kinds of dispersed primaryphases: Al_3Ti and Al_(13)(Cr, Fe)_2. After annealing at 400 deg C for 10 h, the stable phaseAl_(13)Fe_4 appears in the microstructure.

Effects of Additional Elements on Microstructure and Precipitation Behaviour in Rapidly Solidified Al-Ti Base Alloys

Rapidly solidified Al-Ti base alloys were prepared by melt spinning at the cooling rate about 107 K/s. The melt-spun ribbons were used to observe the dricrostructures after heat treatment.In the supersaturated Al-Tl-Si alloy, age hardening occurred after 1 h anneal in the temperature range of 4000~500℃, which seems to be attributed to the precipitation of metastable Ll2- (Al,Si)3Ti phase. However. the microhardness was relatively low because of the low v/o and the insufflcient stability of precipitates. Thus. Cr was added to Al-Ti-Si alloys in order to stabilize the microstructures and to increase the v/o of precipitate5. As a result. the alIoys containing Cr were evaluated to possess the improved properties at the service temperature.

Microstructure and Mechanical Property of 2024 Aluminium Alloy Prepared by Rapid Solidification and Mechanical Milling

Rapidly solidified 2024 aluminium alloy powders were mechanically milled, then consolidated to bulk form. The microstructural changes of the powders in mechanical milling (MM) and consolidation process were characterized by X-ray diffraction analyses and transmission electron microscopy observations. The results showed that mechanical milling reduced the grain size to nanometer, dissolved the Al2Cu intermetallic compound into the aluminium matrix and produced an aluminium supersaturated solid solution. During consolidation process. the grain size increased to submicrometer, and the Al2Cu and Al2(Cu, Mg, Si, Fe, Mn) compounds precipitated owing to heating. Increasing consolidation temperature and time results in obvious grain growth and coarsening of second phase particles. The tensile yield strength of the consolidated alloy with submicrometer size grains increases with decreasing grain size, and it follows the famous HallPetch relation

MICROSTRUCTURE AND DUCTILITY OF RE DOPED RAPIDLY SOLIDIFIED NiAl

The paper investigated the effects of RE on the microstructure and ductility of melt-spun Al-63.3at.%Ni and Al-66.4at%Ni.For Al-63.3at.%Ni without RE the microstructure is a mixture of equiaxed martensitic grains and B2 NiAl grains,but after addition of 0.2wt% RE a complete supersaturated B2 NiAl results,and its elongation is enhanced from 0.9%(without RE) to 1.4%(with 0.2wt%RE).For Al-66.4at.%Ni without RE the microstructure is coarse equiaxed martensitic grains with Ni3Al precipitated at the GBs.But complete martensitic grains and supersaturated single phase,B2 NiAl,would result with addition of 0.05wt%RE and 0.2-0.8wt%RE respectively.The elongation of Al-66.4at.%Ni without RE is only 0.8%.With the addition of 0.05, 0.2 and 0.8wt%RE.the elongation can reach 2.6,3.0 and 3.2% respectively.The addition of RE can change the fracture mode from intergranular fracture(without RE) to a mixture of intergranular and transgranular fracture or entirely transgranular fracture.The mechanisms of microstructure formation and ductility enhancement are analyzed.

Characterizations of Skeletal Iron Catalysts Prepared from Rapidly and Naturally Quenched Fe-Al Alloys

Surface morphology, physical-chemical properties of skeletal iron catalysts prepared by leaching of the rapidly quenched(RQ) and naturally quenched(NQ) Fe-Al alloys with an aqueous solution of NaOH were characterized by using a series of techniques including XRD, BET, XPS, SEM, H_2 and CO-TPD. It was found that the RQ skeletal iron catalyst exhibits a smaller particle size, larger specific surface area and pore volume than the NQ one. The H_2 and CO-TPD experiments showed that the RQ skeletal iron exhibits stronger affinity for H_2 and milder affinity for CO compared with the NQ one. But the NQ skeletal catalyst shows a better thermal stability than the RQ catalyst.

SOME FRACTAL STRUCTURES IN RAPIDLY SOLIDIFIED Al-Mn ALLOY

The fractal structures formed in rapidly quenched Al_(86)Mn_(14)alloy have been observed on SEM.Their fractal dimensions are from 1.46 to 1.97.The principal phase examined by TEM and X-ray diffractometer is icosahedral quasicrystalline one with a small amount of Al phase. It is believed that these fractal structures are formed by many aggregated particles during the rapid-quenching process.

Structural Characteristics of Rapidly Quenched Al-Si Alloys

The structure of rapldly quenched Al-Si alloys (1 and 4 wt-%Si) was systematically studied by optical and transmission electron microscopy (TEM ) as welI as X-ray djffractjon (XRD). ExperimentaIresults show that rapid solidification refines the grain size. extends the solid solubility of Si in Al and Introduces a high density ot defects which exist in the forms of vacancies, dislocations and dislocation loops. etc.. The decomposition process of the alloys was fol lowed by using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and the activation energy for precipitation of Si was obtained through Kissinger analysis. The precipitation behaviour of Supersaturated Si in both samples was further examined by TEM. It was found that Si mainly precipitated inside the grains in Al-1 wt-%Si alloy. while in Al-4 wt-%Si alloy. nearly all the Si precipitates distributed along the grain boundaries. This may be due to the structure difference between the alloys in as-quenched state

High Strength, Ductility and Superplasticity Mg-6Zn-1Y-0.6Ce-0.6Zr Alloy Prepared by Rapid Solidification and Reciprocating Extrusion

High strength, ductility, and superplasticity Mg-6.0%Zn-1.0%Y-0.6%Ce-0.6%Zr（wt%） alloy was prepared by sequentially applying rapid solidification, extrusion, and reciprocating extrusion（REX）. The microstructure of the alloy after 2-pass REX consisted of fine grains smaller than 0.7 μm and nanometer strengthening particles. The refined grains resulted from recrystallization during which the nanometer particles played an important role in restrain grain growth. The mechanical properties of the material were investigated at room and elevated temperatures. High tensile yield strength of 336 MPa and elongation of 27% were obtained at room temperature. At elevated temperatures, the highest elongation of 270% was obtained at 250 ℃ and an initial strain rate of 3.3×10^-3 s^-1, and LTS and HSRS were achieved. The high strength, ductility, and superplasticity were attributed to the refined unique microstructure.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of the micrograined hypoeutectic Zn–Mg alloy

A biodegradable Zn alloy, Zn-1.6Mg, with the potential medical applications as a promising coating material for steel components was studied in this work. The alloy was prepared by three different procedures： gravity casting, hot extrusion, and a combination of rapid solidification and hot extrusion. The samples prepared were characterized by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Vickers hardness, tensile, and compressive tests were performed to determine the samples＇ mechanical properties. Structural examination reveals that the average grain sizes of samples prepared by gravity casting, hot extrusion, and rapid solidification followed by hot extrusion are 35.0, 9.7, and 2.1 μm, respectively. The micrograined sample with the finest grain size exhibits the highest hardness（Hv = 122 MPa）, compressive yield strength（382 MPa）, tensile yield strength（332 MPa）, ultimate tensile strength（370 MPa）, and elongation（9%）. This sample also demonstrates the lowest work hardening in tension and temporary softening in compression among the prepared samples. The mechanical behavior of the samples is discussed in relation to the structural characteristics, Hall-Petch relationship, and deformation mechanisms in fine-grained hexagonal-close-packed metals.

Dumb-bell Structures of Nonstoichiometric La(Ni, Sn)_(5+x) Alloys and Their Relationships with the Preparation Methods

Crystal structures of nonstoichiometric La(Ni, Sn)5+x (x = 0.1～0.4) alloys prepared by different methods were investigated by using powder X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement analysis. Space group of this type of alloys belongs to P6/mmm, in which Sn only occupies the 3g sites. It has been demonstrated that some of the 1a sites of the nonstoichiometric alloy are replaced by the NiNi dumb-bells which have a strong correlation with the anisotropic thermal parameter B33. The preparation methods have an effect on the number of dumb-bells that can substitute the 1a sites. It was found that the annealed alloys have more NiNi dumb-bells in the structure than the rapid solidified and as-cast alloys have while still keep good crystallinity.

PHYSICAL METALLURGY OF MULTISTAGE RSP Al-Li BASED ALLOYS

Bascd on serires authors study ofAl—Li alloys in recent years,the formation theory of powders,characteristics,powder compaction,the microstructures and the mechanical behaviors of RSP Al-Li based alloys analyzed and discussed in this paper.

Influence of Zn Addition on Microstructures and Martensitic Transformation in CuZr-based Alloys

Compositional dependences on microstructures and martensitic transformation behaviors in（Cu_（0.5）Zr_（0.5））_（100-x）Zn_x（x=1.5,2.5,4.5,7.0,10.0,and 14.0at.%）alloys were investigated.It was found that CuZr martensites were present in the present alloys.With increasing Zn content,the volume fractions of CuZr martensitic crystals and B2 CuZr phase gradually decrease and increase,respectively.With the addition of high Zn contents（i.e.,7.0,10.0,and 14.0at.%）,the matrix proves to be eutectic.Thermal analysis results show that the initial martensitic transformation temperature（M_s）decreases from（412±5）K to（329±5）K as the Zn content increases from 1.5at.% to14.0at.%.The values of Msof Cu-Zr-Zn shape memory alloys are inversely proportional to the number and concentrations of valence electrons（i.e.,e_v/a and c_v）,respectively,implying that the martensitic transformation in CuZrZn alloys could be of electronic nature.