Circulating fluidized bed combustion （CFBC） ash can be potentially used as supplementary cementitious materials for concrete production due to its desirable pozzolanic activity. The adsorption properties of CFBC ash...Circulating fluidized bed combustion （CFBC） ash can be potentially used as supplementary cementitious materials for concrete production due to its desirable pozzolanic activity. The adsorption properties of CFBC ash-cement pastes were studied, and ordinary pulverized coal combustion （PCC） fly ash-cement pastes were used as control. The water-adsorption and superplasticizer （SP）-adsorption properties of the pastes were evaluated by water demand and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy respectively. The results show that CFBC ash-cement system has greater compressive strength as compared with PCC fly ash-cement system at a given curing age, although the water demand of the former is significantly higher than that of the latter. CFBC ash-cement pastes possess higher adsorption ability of aliphatic SP than PCC fly ash-cement pastes and the adsorption amount increases with an increase in ash replacement ratio. CFBC ash- cement pastes exhibit lower workability with higher slump loss. It is concluded that CFBC ash can be potentially used as supplementary cementitious material in concrete production, but the mix design of CFBC ash concrete needs to be appropriately adjusted. It is suggested that CFBC ash is used for the production of the concrete needing low flowability.展开更多
A single phrase Na - X zeolite was synthesized from pretreated oil shale ash by alkaline fusion and hydrotherreal treatment. Eff3cts of the NaOH concentration, crystallization time ant temperature on the formation of ...A single phrase Na - X zeolite was synthesized from pretreated oil shale ash by alkaline fusion and hydrotherreal treatment. Eff3cts of the NaOH concentration, crystallization time ant temperature on the formation of Na-X zeolite were studied in detail. The single phase Na- X zeolite powders can. be prepared by alkaline fusion o.f pretreated oil shale ash at 600 ℃ .for 1 h, and crystalli-zation at 80 - 100 ℃ .for 8 - 10 h with NaOH concentration of 3 -3. 5 tool · L-1. Na - A zeolite appears when decreasing NaOH concentration, crystallization time or temperature, ant an unnamed zeolite emerges when prolonging crystallization time or raising crystalli-zation, temperature. SEM micrographs suggest that the aggregates of Na-X zeolite particles have perfect dispersity and uniform granular with about 1.5 μm in size, and most of the Na-X zeolite crystals display a regular octahedral structure with the size of about 500 nm. The specific surface area of the powders with single Na-X zeolite phase reaches the maximum value of 488. 163 2 m2· g -1, larger than that of multiple zeolite powders.展开更多
Coal fly ash originated from coal combustion has high concentrations of metals. If suitable leaching techniques are identified, then coal fly ash could serve as a useful source of valuable minerals including rare eart...Coal fly ash originated from coal combustion has high concentrations of metals. If suitable leaching techniques are identified, then coal fly ash could serve as a useful source of valuable minerals including rare earth elements (REEs). In this study, three microbial strains, Candida bombicola, Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Cryptococcus curvatus were tested on their performance of leaching trace elements and REEs from fly ash. Through comparing mineral loss and leaching efficiencies resulting from indirect leaching or use of the culture supernatant, C. bombicola was identified to be the best leading to the highest mineral loss and extracting efficiencies of trace elements and REEs among the three strains. The highest mineral loss observed from using the supernatant of this yeast strain was 59.7%. Among all trace elements, As and Mo had the highest leaching efficiency of 80.9% and 79.5%. respectively. The same leaching test led to 67.7% of Yb and 64.6% of Er dissolved from the ash. This study, thus, demonstrated that bioleaching is feasible for leaching metals out of fly ash. The C. bombicola strain deserves further investigation due to its robust actions on metal leaching.展开更多
Understanding how nutrient absorption processes in plants are related to arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)association is critical for predicting the effects of AM symbiosis on elemental cycling for plants. Both mulberry(Moru...Understanding how nutrient absorption processes in plants are related to arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)association is critical for predicting the effects of AM symbiosis on elemental cycling for plants. Both mulberry(Morus alba) and Chinese prickly ash(Zanthoxylum bungeanum) are AM-associated plants, widely distributed in southwest China. It was hypothesized that if the nutrient absorption processes were efficiently associated with AM symbiosis in both mulberry and Chinese prickly ash, foliar nutrient concentrations—especially calcium(Ca)—would be primarily determined by the soil conditions in different regions. To investigate this, AM colonization levels of soils, nutrient levels in soils and leaves, and δ^(13)C values of leaves were analyzed for mulberry and Chinese prickly ash.In this study, spore density in soils with low p H was higher than that in soils with high p H. The average concentrations of sugar delivered to roots in both mulberry and Chinese prickly ash in soil with relatively low p H and soil extractable cations were higher than those in other areas.The values of foliar δ^(13)C in both mulberry and Chinese prickly ash in low soil-pH and soil extractable cations were lower than those in contrast areas, indicating that water availability was impacted by soil characteristics. The efficiency in AM-mediated processes might play an important role in translocation between soil nutrients and plant tissue.The results suggest uptake and translocation of nutrients,especially Ca, in AM-associated plants may be affected by an efficiency of AM-mediated processes. Since Sr does not appear to be similarly affected, expressing Ca and other nutrient concentrations relative to Sr could be used to evaluate whether the uptake and translocation of Ca and other nutrients are affected by AM-mediated processes.展开更多
Background:Although Mex3 RNA-binding family member A(Mex3a)has demonstrated an important role in multiple cancers,its role and regulatory mechanism in CRC is unclear.In this study,we aimed to investigate the role and ...Background:Although Mex3 RNA-binding family member A(Mex3a)has demonstrated an important role in multiple cancers,its role and regulatory mechanism in CRC is unclear.In this study,we aimed to investigate the role and clinical significance of Mex3a in CRC and to explore its underlying mechanism.Methods:Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)were performed to detect the expression levels of genes.5-Ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine(EDU)and transwell assays were utilized to examine CRC cell proliferation and metastatic ability.The R software was used to do hierarchical clustering analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis.Overexpression and rescue experiments which included U0126,a specific mitogen activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular regulated protein kinase(MEK/ERK)inhibitor,and PX-478,a hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha(HIF-1α)inhibitor,were used to study the molecularmechanisms of Mex3a in CRC cells.Co-immunoprecipitation(Co-IP)assay was performed to detect the interaction between two proteins.Bioinformatics analysis including available public database and Starbase software(starbase.sysu.edu.cn)were used to evaluate the expression and prognostic significance of genes.TargetScan(www.targetscan.org)and the miRDB(mirdb.org)website were used to predict the combination site between microRNA and target mRNA.BALB/c nude micewere used to study the function of Mex3a and hsa-miR-6887-3p in vivo.Results:Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical(IHC)studies of 101 CRC tissues and 79 normal tissues demonstrated that Mex3a was a significant prognostic factor for overall survival(OS)in CRC patients.Mex3a knockdown substantially inhibited the migration,invasion,and proliferation of CRC cells.Transcriptome analysis and mechanism verification showed that Mex3a regulated the RAP1 GTPase activating protein(RAP1GAP)/MEK/ERK/HIF-1αpathway.Furthermore,RAP1GAP was identified to interact with Mex3a in Co-IP experiments.Bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter experiments revealed that hsa-miR-6887-3p could bind to the 3’-untranslated regions(3’-UTR)of the Mex3amRNA.hsa-miR-6887-3p downregulated Mex3a expression and inhibited the tumorigenesis of CRC both in vitro and in vivo.Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that the hsa-miR-6887-3p/Mex3a/RAP1GAP signaling axis was a key regulator of CRC and Mex3a has the potential to be a new diagnostic marker and treatment target for CRC.展开更多
基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China （51272222）.
文摘Circulating fluidized bed combustion （CFBC） ash can be potentially used as supplementary cementitious materials for concrete production due to its desirable pozzolanic activity. The adsorption properties of CFBC ash-cement pastes were studied, and ordinary pulverized coal combustion （PCC） fly ash-cement pastes were used as control. The water-adsorption and superplasticizer （SP）-adsorption properties of the pastes were evaluated by water demand and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy respectively. The results show that CFBC ash-cement system has greater compressive strength as compared with PCC fly ash-cement system at a given curing age, although the water demand of the former is significantly higher than that of the latter. CFBC ash-cement pastes possess higher adsorption ability of aliphatic SP than PCC fly ash-cement pastes and the adsorption amount increases with an increase in ash replacement ratio. CFBC ash- cement pastes exhibit lower workability with higher slump loss. It is concluded that CFBC ash can be potentially used as supplementary cementitious material in concrete production, but the mix design of CFBC ash concrete needs to be appropriately adjusted. It is suggested that CFBC ash is used for the production of the concrete needing low flowability.
文摘A single phrase Na - X zeolite was synthesized from pretreated oil shale ash by alkaline fusion and hydrotherreal treatment. Eff3cts of the NaOH concentration, crystallization time ant temperature on the formation of Na-X zeolite were studied in detail. The single phase Na- X zeolite powders can. be prepared by alkaline fusion o.f pretreated oil shale ash at 600 ℃ .for 1 h, and crystalli-zation at 80 - 100 ℃ .for 8 - 10 h with NaOH concentration of 3 -3. 5 tool · L-1. Na - A zeolite appears when decreasing NaOH concentration, crystallization time or temperature, ant an unnamed zeolite emerges when prolonging crystallization time or raising crystalli-zation, temperature. SEM micrographs suggest that the aggregates of Na-X zeolite particles have perfect dispersity and uniform granular with about 1.5 μm in size, and most of the Na-X zeolite crystals display a regular octahedral structure with the size of about 500 nm. The specific surface area of the powders with single Na-X zeolite phase reaches the maximum value of 488. 163 2 m2· g -1, larger than that of multiple zeolite powders.
文摘Coal fly ash originated from coal combustion has high concentrations of metals. If suitable leaching techniques are identified, then coal fly ash could serve as a useful source of valuable minerals including rare earth elements (REEs). In this study, three microbial strains, Candida bombicola, Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Cryptococcus curvatus were tested on their performance of leaching trace elements and REEs from fly ash. Through comparing mineral loss and leaching efficiencies resulting from indirect leaching or use of the culture supernatant, C. bombicola was identified to be the best leading to the highest mineral loss and extracting efficiencies of trace elements and REEs among the three strains. The highest mineral loss observed from using the supernatant of this yeast strain was 59.7%. Among all trace elements, As and Mo had the highest leaching efficiency of 80.9% and 79.5%. respectively. The same leaching test led to 67.7% of Yb and 64.6% of Er dissolved from the ash. This study, thus, demonstrated that bioleaching is feasible for leaching metals out of fly ash. The C. bombicola strain deserves further investigation due to its robust actions on metal leaching.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no.4121004)water project of MEP (2012ZX07503003001)
文摘Understanding how nutrient absorption processes in plants are related to arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)association is critical for predicting the effects of AM symbiosis on elemental cycling for plants. Both mulberry(Morus alba) and Chinese prickly ash(Zanthoxylum bungeanum) are AM-associated plants, widely distributed in southwest China. It was hypothesized that if the nutrient absorption processes were efficiently associated with AM symbiosis in both mulberry and Chinese prickly ash, foliar nutrient concentrations—especially calcium(Ca)—would be primarily determined by the soil conditions in different regions. To investigate this, AM colonization levels of soils, nutrient levels in soils and leaves, and δ^(13)C values of leaves were analyzed for mulberry and Chinese prickly ash.In this study, spore density in soils with low p H was higher than that in soils with high p H. The average concentrations of sugar delivered to roots in both mulberry and Chinese prickly ash in soil with relatively low p H and soil extractable cations were higher than those in other areas.The values of foliar δ^(13)C in both mulberry and Chinese prickly ash in low soil-pH and soil extractable cations were lower than those in contrast areas, indicating that water availability was impacted by soil characteristics. The efficiency in AM-mediated processes might play an important role in translocation between soil nutrients and plant tissue.The results suggest uptake and translocation of nutrients,especially Ca, in AM-associated plants may be affected by an efficiency of AM-mediated processes. Since Sr does not appear to be similarly affected, expressing Ca and other nutrient concentrations relative to Sr could be used to evaluate whether the uptake and translocation of Ca and other nutrients are affected by AM-mediated processes.
基金supported by the National Scientific Foundation of China(NSFC32071127 and 31871160)。
文摘Background:Although Mex3 RNA-binding family member A(Mex3a)has demonstrated an important role in multiple cancers,its role and regulatory mechanism in CRC is unclear.In this study,we aimed to investigate the role and clinical significance of Mex3a in CRC and to explore its underlying mechanism.Methods:Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)were performed to detect the expression levels of genes.5-Ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine(EDU)and transwell assays were utilized to examine CRC cell proliferation and metastatic ability.The R software was used to do hierarchical clustering analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis.Overexpression and rescue experiments which included U0126,a specific mitogen activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular regulated protein kinase(MEK/ERK)inhibitor,and PX-478,a hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha(HIF-1α)inhibitor,were used to study the molecularmechanisms of Mex3a in CRC cells.Co-immunoprecipitation(Co-IP)assay was performed to detect the interaction between two proteins.Bioinformatics analysis including available public database and Starbase software(starbase.sysu.edu.cn)were used to evaluate the expression and prognostic significance of genes.TargetScan(www.targetscan.org)and the miRDB(mirdb.org)website were used to predict the combination site between microRNA and target mRNA.BALB/c nude micewere used to study the function of Mex3a and hsa-miR-6887-3p in vivo.Results:Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical(IHC)studies of 101 CRC tissues and 79 normal tissues demonstrated that Mex3a was a significant prognostic factor for overall survival(OS)in CRC patients.Mex3a knockdown substantially inhibited the migration,invasion,and proliferation of CRC cells.Transcriptome analysis and mechanism verification showed that Mex3a regulated the RAP1 GTPase activating protein(RAP1GAP)/MEK/ERK/HIF-1αpathway.Furthermore,RAP1GAP was identified to interact with Mex3a in Co-IP experiments.Bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter experiments revealed that hsa-miR-6887-3p could bind to the 3’-untranslated regions(3’-UTR)of the Mex3amRNA.hsa-miR-6887-3p downregulated Mex3a expression and inhibited the tumorigenesis of CRC both in vitro and in vivo.Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that the hsa-miR-6887-3p/Mex3a/RAP1GAP signaling axis was a key regulator of CRC and Mex3a has the potential to be a new diagnostic marker and treatment target for CRC.
