Analysis of Occurrence and Mixed Infection of Sugarcane Bacilliform Virus Disease in Hainan Sugarcane-growing Area

[Objectives]The paper was to explore the occurrence and mixed infection of sugarcane bacilliform virus disease in Hainan sugarcane-growing area.[Methods]A total of 348 sugarcane leaf samples were collected from 7 sugarcane-growing areas in Hainan Province.Molecular detection of sugarcane bacilliform virus(SCBV)was carried out by PCR using specific primers.[Results]SCBV was detected in 244 out of 348 sugarcane samples,with an average detection rate of 70.11%.The highest detection rate was 76.66%in the Danzhou sugarcane-growing area,while the lowest was 57.14%in the Baisha sugarcane-growing area.The SCBV-positive samples were subjected to testing for SCYLV,SCSMV,SrMV,and SCMV,respectively.The results indicated that 106 out of 244 positive samples exhibited a single infection with SCBV,while 138 samples exhibited mixed infections with SCBV and other sugarcane viruses.The proportion of mixed infections among the SCBV-positive samples was as high as 56.56%.Among the various types of mixed infections,two-virus and three-virus mixed infections were the most prevalent.[Conclusions]SCBV has emerged as a significant threat to the secure production of sugarcane in the Hainan sugarcane-growing region.It presents an explosive infection in the Hainan sugarcane-growing region and frequently combines with other sugarcane viruses to infect sugarcane.The findings of this study will provide a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of sugarcane bacilliform virus disease.

Positive Rate of Different Hepatitis B Virus Serological Markers in Peking Union Medical College Hospital,a General Tertiary Hospital in Beijing

Objectives To investigate the positive rate of different hepatitis B virus （HBV） serological markers, and the demographic factors related to HBV infection. Methods We enrolled all patients tested for HBV serological markers, such as HBV surface antigen （HBsAg）, HBV surface antibody （HBsAb）, hepatitis B e antigen （HBeAg）, hepatitis B e antibody （HBeAb）, HBV core antibody （HBcAb）, and HBV-DNA from July 2008 to July 2009 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The positive rate of each HBV serological marker was calculated according to gender, age, and department, respectively. The positive rates of HBV-DNA among patients with positive HBsAg were also analyzed. Results Among 27 409 samples included, 2681 （9.8%） were HBsAg positive. When patients were divided into 9 age groups, the age-specific positive rate of HBsAg was 1.2%, 9.6%, 12.3%, 10.9%, 10.3%, 9.7%, 8.0%, 5.8%, and 4.3%, respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg in non-surgical department, surgical department, and health examination center was 16.2%, 5.8%, and 4.7%, respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg of males （13.3%） was higher than that of females （7.3%, P=0.000）. Among the 2681 HBsAg （＋） patients, 1230 （45.9%） had HBV-DNA test, of whom 564 （45.9%） were positive. Patients with HBsAg （＋）, HBeAg （＋）, and HBcAg （＋） result usually had high positive rate of HBV-DNA results （71.8%, P=0.000）. Conclusions Among this group of patients in our hospital, the positive rate of HBsAg was relatively high. Age group of 20-29, males, and patients in non-surgical departments were factors associated with high positive rate of HBsAg.

Human immunodeficiency virus patients with low CD4 counts are more likely to have precancerous polyps identified during index colonoscopy

BACKGROUND Antiretroviral treatment(ART)has improved the life expectancy of patients living with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).As these patients age,they are at increased risk for developing non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome defining malignancies(NADMs)such as colon cancers.AIM To determine which factors are associated with the development of precancerous polyps on screening colonoscopy in patients with HIV and to investigate whether HIV disease status,measured by viral load and CD4 count,might influence precancerous polyp development.METHODS A retrospective review of records at two urban academic medical centers was performed for HIV patients who had a screening colonoscopy between 2005-2015.Patients with a history of colorectal cancer or polyps,poor bowel preparation,or inflammatory bowel disease were excluded.Demographic data such as sex,age,race,and body mass index(BMI)as well as information regarding the HIV disease status such as CD4 count,viral load,and medication regimen were collected.Well-controlled patients were defined as those that had viral load<50 copies,and poorly-controlled patients were those with viral load≥50.Patients were also stratified based on their CD4 count,comparing those with a low CD4 count to those with a high CD4 count.Using colonoscopy reports in the medical record,the size,histology,and number of polyps were recorded for each patient.Precancerous polyps included adenomas and proximal serrated polyps.Data was analyzed using Fisher’s exact tests and logistic regression through SAS 3.8 software.RESULTS Two hundred and seven patients met our inclusion criteria.The mean age was 56.13 years,and 58%were males.There were no significant differences in terms of age,race or ethnicity,insurance,and smoking status between patients with CD4 counts above or below 500.BMI was lower in patients with CD4 count<500 as compared to those with count>500(P=0.0276).In patients with CD4>500,53.85%of patients were female,and 70.87%of patients with CD4<500 were male(P=0.0004).Only 1.92%of patients with CD4≥500 had precancerous polyps vs 10.68%of patients with CD4<500(P=0.0102).When controlled for sex,BMI,and ART use,patients with CD4<500 were 9.01 times more likely to have precancerous polyps[95%confidence interval(CI):1.69-47.97;P=0.0100].Patients taking non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors were also found to be 10.23 times more likely to have precancerous polyps(95%CI:1.08-97.15;P=0.0428).There was not a significant difference noted in precancerous polyps between those that had viral loads greater or less than 50 copies.CONCLUSION Patients with low CD4 counts were more likely to have precancerous polyps on their screening colonoscopy although the etiology for this association is unclear.We also found an increased risk of precancerous polyps in patients taking non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors,which is contradictory to prior literature showing ART has decreased the risk of development of NADMs.However,there have not been studies looking at colorectal cancer and ART by drug class,to our knowledge.Further prospective studies are needed to determine the effect of HIV control and therapies on polyp development.

Investigation of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Rate of Patients in a General Hospital

Objective To investigate the infection rate of hepatitis C virus among the ambulatory patients and in-patients of a tertiary teaching hospital,and study the demographic factors related to the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection.Methods All patients tested for hepatitis C virus antibody from July 2008 to July 2009 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were enrolled in this cross-sectional analysis.The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection was compared according to age,gender,and departments,respectively.Among patients with positive serology hepatitis C virus marker,the positivity of hepatitis C virus RNA was analysed.Results Among 29 896 subjects included,the hepatitis C virus antibody of 494 patients were positive(1.7%).When patients were divided into 9 age groups,the age specific prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibody were0.2%,1.7%,1.2%,1.1%,1.5%,1.9%,2.6%,2.4%and 2%,respectively.The prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibody in non-surgical department and surgical department was 3%and 1%,respectively.The prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibody of males was higher than that of the females.Total of 194 patients with positive hepatitis C virus antibody were tested for hepatitis C virus RNA,the RNA level of 113 patients(58.2%)were higher than the low detection limit.Conclusions The prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibody was relatively high among patients of general tertiary hospital.Age group of 60-69,males and patients in non-surgical departments were factors associated with high rate of hepatitis C virus infection.

INFLUENCE OF HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION ON THE OUTCOME OF KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION

Objective To investigate the impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection on the long-term survival of renal transplantation recipients. Methods A total of 443 patients who received renal allografts from 1992 to 2002 were analyzed. Outcome and survival were compared among four groups retrospectively. Results Twelve patients were positive for both hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCV antibody (anti-HCV) (group 1), 18 were HBsAg-positive and anti-HCV-negative (group 2), 26 were HBsAg-negative and anti-HCV-positive (group 3) and 387 were negative for both markers (group 4). The mean follow-up period was 6.1 ± 2.8 years (range, 0.5-10 years) for all patients. Group 2 had significantly higher liver-related complications (38.9%) and liver-related death (16.7%) than did group 4 (0%, P < 0.01). Among all patients, 4 HBsAg-positive patients had fulminant hepatitis and died within two years of transplantation. Three patients (group 2) who died were seropositive for HBeAg and/or HBV DNA and none had a history of or positive serologic marker to indicate hepatitis of other etiologies. One (group 1), two (group 2), and one patient (group 3) developed liver cirrhosis respectively, and hepatocellular carcinoma occurred in two patients (group 2) and one patient (group 3). Despite high liver-related mortality in HBV-infected patients, no significant differences among the four groups in the long-term graft and patient survivals were demonstrated. The presence of HBsAg or anti-HCV was not associated with poor prognosis as determined by Cox regression analysis. Conclusion HBV or HCV infection is not a contraindiction to kidney transplantation in Chinese patients. However, it should be noted that serious liver-related complications may occur and limit survival in patients infected with HBV and/or HCV after kidney transplantation.

Nucleos(t)ide analogues to treat hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma after radical resection

Significant advances have been made in nucleos(t)ideanalogue(NA) therapy to treat chronic hepatitis B,and this therapy reduces the risk of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in somepatients.However,whether NAs can also prevent recurrence after radical resection of HBV-related HCC remains controversial and is an important question,giventhat most patients will experience recurrence within afew years of curative surgery.Here we systematicallyreviewed the literature since 2004 on outcomes afteradministering NAs to patients with HBV-related HCCfollowing radical resection.We focused on treatmentindications,duration,effects on recurrence-free survivaland overall survival,and the management of NA resistance.We find that patients with HCC should stronglyconsider NA therapy if they are positive for HBV-DNA,and that the available evidence suggests that postoperative NA therapy can increase both recurrence-free andoverall survival.To minimize drug resistance,cliniciansshould opt for potent analogues with higher resistancebarriers,and they should monitor the patient carefully for emergence of NA-resistant HBV.

ZIKA-How fast does this virus mutate?

The World Health Organization has declared the present Zika virus epidemic to be a ＇Public Health Emergency of International Concern＇. The virus appears to have spread from Thailand to French Polynesia in 2013, and has since infected over a million people in the countries of South and Central America. In most cases the infection is mild and transient, but the virus does appear to be strongly neurotropic and the presumptive cause of both birth defects in fetuses and Guillain-Barr6 syndrome in some adults. In this paper, the techniques and utilities developed in the study of mitochondrial DNA were applied to the Zika virus. As a result, it is possible to show in a simple manner how a phylogenetic tree may be constructed and how the mutation rate of the virus can be measured. The study showed the mutation rate to vary between 12 and 25 bases a year, in a viral genome of 10 272 bases. This rapid mutation rate will enable the geographic spread of the epidemic to be monitored easily and may also prove useful in assisting the identification of preventative measures that are working, and those that are not.

Impact of weather variables on mosquitoes infected with Japanese encephalitis virus in Kurnool district,Andhra Pradesh

Objective:To assess the virus infection in mosquitoes during different seasons and correlated with various climatic factors.Methods:The field collected vectors were screened for Japanese encephalitis(JE) virus after dessication using ELISA method.Most of the positive pools were recorded from Culex tritaeniorhynchus(Cx.tritaeniorhynchus) and Culex.gelidus(Cx.gelidus) during JE transmission season(winter) and some positive pools were also reported during non JE transmission periods(i.e.summer and rainy seasons).Results:The minimum infection rates(MIR) of 1.75 from Cx.tritaeniorhynchus and 0.17 from Cx.gelidus has been reported in the year 2002 at the beginning of the study and the values were found nil at the end of the study(2006) from the study areas of Kurnool district.Conclusions:From this study it is noted that MTR of Cx.gelidus and Cx.tritaeniorhynchus were modulated by various meteorological parameters.The mosquito vector abundance increases after the monsoon period(winter) and lowest in dry season(summer). Similarly,MIR fluctuated between seasons with higher MIR recorded after monsoon period and lower in the rest of season.Impact of these metrological parameters in JE virus infected mosquitoes is discussed in this paper.

The Value of HRV Analysis and Multiple Correlations for Study of Child Virus Myocarditis

Objectives To evaluate thevalue of HRV analysis and multiple correlations forstudy of child virus myocarditis. Methods HRVanalysis was performed on 41 myocarditis and 40 nor-mal children. The HRV changes in waking and sleep-ing time were observed as well. Multiple correlationand regression were carried out with the depth of ST-T depression as dependent variable and all HRV timeand frequency domain indexes including those inwaking and sleeping time as independent variables.Results HRV abnormality was found in virus my-ocarditis children .Their HRV indexes were decreasedno matter waking time or sleeping time and the differ-ences hetween waking and sleeping time were muchless than those in the controls. In multiple correlationand regression analysis, the ST depression correlatedwith VLF, LFN, LF. Conclusions HRV abnormali-ties existed in children with virus myocarditis whichindicates the sympathetic tense were increased per-manently. The ST depression correlates with VLF,LFN, LF. HRV analysis is helpful with the study andits diagnosis of autonomic function in children withvirus myocarditis.

评估三种不同品牌的新型冠状病毒抗原洗脱液对甲型/乙型流感病毒抗原检测盒的性能影响

目的:评估三种品牌新型冠状病毒抗原洗脱液对雅培(上海)诊断产品销售有限公司生产的Clearview甲型/乙型流感病毒抗原检测盒的性能影响,探讨研究使用一个样本同时进行新型冠状病毒抗原和甲型/乙型流感病毒抗原两种检测的可行性。方法:选取江苏大学附属医院就诊的102例患者,每人采取两根鼻拭子。按照各自的产品说明书对同一患者采集的双份鼻拭子分别用所选的三种品牌中的一种新型冠状病毒抗原洗脱液和甲型/乙型流感病毒抗原洗脱液进行抗原洗脱、同时检测甲型/乙型流感病毒抗原检测,对检测的结果进行符合率分析。结果:广州万孚生物技术股份有限公司的新型冠状病毒抗原洗脱液的检测Clearview甲型/乙型流感病毒抗原的结果,甲型流感病毒抗原阳性符合率为100%;乙型流感病毒抗原阳性符合率、阴性符合率、总符合率均为100%。杭州艾康生物技术有限公司的新型冠状病毒抗原洗脱液的检测Clearview甲型/乙型流感病毒抗原的结果,甲型流感病毒抗原阳性符合率、乙型流感病毒抗原阳性符合率均为100%;阴性符合率为90%;总符合率为97%。浙江东方基因生物制品有限公司的新型冠状病毒抗原洗脱液的检测Clearview甲型/乙型流感病毒的结果,甲型流感病毒抗原阳性符合率、乙型流感病毒抗原阳性符合率、阴性符合率、总符合率均为100%。结论:所试验的三种品牌的新型冠状病毒抗原洗脱液适用于雅培(上海)诊断产品销售有限公司生产的Clearview甲型/乙型流感病毒抗原检测。

连云港地区女性人乳头瘤病毒感染情况及基因型分布研究

目的分析连云港地区女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染情况及基因型分布特点,以期为疫苗接种、宫颈癌防治提供参考。方法选取2020年1月至2022年12月在东海县人民医院妇科门诊就诊的8981例女性,均进行HPVDNA分型检测,分析HPV感染情况及基因型分布特点。结果连云港地区HPV总感染率为25.71%,高危型HPV感染率为21.01%,单一HPV感染率高于多重HPV感染率。高危型HPV基因型前5位分别为HPV16(5.78%)、HPV52(4.81%)、HPV58(3.29%)、HPV53(2.65%)、HPV51(2.09%),低危型HPV基因型以HPV42(2.41%)为主,其次是HPV81(2.07%)。年龄≤20岁和51~60岁年龄段中出现感染率峰值。结论连云港地区女性HPV感染以单一HPV感染为主,其中以HPV16和HPV52高危型HPV基因型为主。

中国2012—2022年羊群中蓝舌病毒流行的Meta分析

旨在系统评价和分析我国2012—2022年羊群中蓝舌病毒(bluetongue virus,BTV)感染状况,为我国羊群BTV防控提供理论依据。通过检索2012—2022年中国知网(CNKI)、万方、维普、PubMed和ScienceDirect 5个数据库中对中国羊群BTV流行情况研究的文献并进行Meta分析。检索并筛选后共纳入Meta分析的有28篇文献,涉及样本总数为38226头羊,其中9109头羊为BTV阳性。分析显示,我国羊群中BTV的整体流行率为23.8%(95%CI:23.4,24.3),其中绵羊流行率为29.4%(95%CI:14.7,44.1),山羊流行率为25.1%(95%CI:18.6,31.7)。我国各省/市间比较发现,重庆市流行率最高,为34.6%(95%CI:32.0,37.1),其次为云南省和内蒙古自治区。亚组分析发现,我国5大区域BTV流行率存在显著地区差异(P=0.011),中国东部、南部、西部、北部及中部地区流行率分别为6.1%(95%CI:4.3,7.9)、33.8%(95%CI:29.5,38.1)、21.7%(95%CI:17.1,26.2)、21.0%(95%CI:8.3,33.6)及26.6%(95%CI:24.3,28.8)。同时,检测方式和气候类型也是我国羊群中BTV流行的风险因子(P<0.05)。上述分析结果提示,我国羊群中BTV流行率较高并且分布广泛,有必要持续对我国BTV的感染状况进行监测并采取适当的预防措施。

2016—2022年广东中山地区急性呼吸道感染患儿7种呼吸道病毒抗原检测结果分析

目的 分析2016—2022年广东中山地区急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)患儿呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、人腺病毒(HAdV)、流行性感冒病毒A型(IFV-A)、流行性感冒病毒B型(IFV-B)、人副流感病毒-1型(HPIV-1)、人副流感病毒-2型(HPIV-2)、人副流感病毒-3型(HPIV-3)等7种呼吸道病毒抗原检测结果。方法 回顾性收集2016年1月至2022年12月于中山市博爱医院住院治疗的60 265例ARTI患儿的临床资料,其中49 116例(81.50%)接受病原检查,年龄29 d~14周岁,将其纳入分析。于患儿入院当天或次日采集鼻咽拭子,应用直接免疫荧光法检测RSV、HAdV、IFV-A、IFV-B、HPIV-1、HPIV-2、HPIV-3抗原。结果 49 116例ARTI患儿中有11 210例(22.82%)至少1种病毒抗原检测结果为阳性,检出阳性11 462例次,检出率由高至低依次为RSV(13.84%)、IFV-A(3.14%)、HAdV(2.45%)、HPIV-3(1.76%)、IFV-B(1.15%)、HPIV-1(0.68%)、HPIV-2(0.32%)。RSV在2020年检出率最高,为19.15%,2022年最低,为7.74%;IFV-A在2021年检出率为0.00%,其他观察年份波动在2.32%~4.33%;HAdV在2019年检出率最高,为4.43%,2021年最低,为0.39%;IFV-B、HPIV-1、HPIV-2、HPIV-3在各观察年份检出率均较低。7种病毒在不同季节的检出率均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。RSV感染在夏季和冬季更常见;HAdV感染多发于夏季;IFV-A感染多发于冬季,秋季较少见。RSV、HPIV-3在29 d~<1岁年龄段检出率最高,分别为22.32%、2.90%;IFV-A、IFV-B在6~14岁年龄段检出率最高,分别为6.30%、3.17%;HAdV在3~<6岁年龄段检出率最高,为4.30%;HPIV-1在1~<3岁年龄段检出率最高,为0.85%。HPIV-2检出率在不同年龄段比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。RSV在男性的检出率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他6种病毒在不同性别患儿检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。RSV主要检出于急性喘息性支气管炎患儿(28.17%);HAdV、IFV-A、IFV-B均在急性上呼吸道感染患儿检出率最高,分别为3.66%、4.91%、1.70%,而HPIV-3在急性上呼吸道感染患儿中检出率较低(1.20%)。结论 RSV、IFV-A、HAdV是广东中山地区ARTI患儿的主要病原。婴儿、男性为呼吸道病毒感染的高发群体。

2018-2022年我国18家省级血液中心献血者HCV检测结果分析

目的分析我国省级血液中心服务区域献血人群丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)检测数据。方法对我国东中西部不同地区的18家省级血液中心,2018—2022年初次献血和重复献血者抗-HCV和HCV RNA检测数据收集整理,分析献血者中抗-HCV ELISA和抗-HCV ELISA阴性中HCV RNA检测不合格率与年度、血液中心以及初次献血和重复献血者之间的关系。结果2018年—2022年HCV总不合格率从24.61/万逐年减少至15.17/万(χ^(2)=717.71,P<0.01),西部地区为25.72/万最高,东部11.96/万最低(χ^(2)=2382.54,P<0.01);初次献血者抗-HCV ELISA不合格率(30.50/万)比重复献血者(7.42/万)高(χ^(2)=9694.63,P<0.01);各血液中心抗-HCV ELISA阴性中HCV-RNA单独不合格率范围为0~7.54/万。结论我国18家血液中心服务区域献血者的HCV检测不合格率呈逐年降低趋势;HCV检测不合格率存在明显的地域分布差异;与初次献血者相比,重复献血者为HCV检测不合格低危人群;HCV-RNA检测在血液安全方面发挥重要作用。

抗日本乙型脑炎病毒的线粒体靶向小分子化合物的筛选及鉴定

[目的]线粒体作为重要的能量代谢细胞器,不仅可以调控宿主先天免疫通路影响病毒复制,而且其生物学功能的改变与病毒生命周期密不可分。本文旨在确定抑制日本乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)的线粒体靶向化合物。[方法]通过体外CCK-8、间接免疫荧光、蛋白免疫印迹、RT-qPCR以及细胞因子检测等试验,对382种线粒体靶向化合物抗JEV的效果进行评价,筛选到的敏感药物在小鼠体内进行抗病毒效果验证。[结果]通过药物初筛,从382种药物中筛选出9种疑似抗JEV药物,进一步的体外分子试验筛选确定了其中3种药物对JEV复制有明显的抑制作用,分别为丙酮酸钠(sodium 2-oxopropanoate)、布喹那(brequinar)及松果菊苷(echinacoside)。动物试验结果表明,3种药物有效抑制了JEV在小鼠体内的增殖,给药组小鼠体重增加明显高于对照组,血液中的病毒含量更低,死亡率更低,细胞因子水平出现显著变化,其中以布喹那给药组最为明显。[结论]成功筛选出3种抗JEV的线粒体靶向化合物,为探究线粒体在病毒复制中发挥的作用提供了借鉴,也为抗JEV的临床药物研发提供了新思路。

黄芩苷体外抗IBV QX株的作用研究

为研究黄芩苷体外抗禽传染性支气管炎病毒(Avian infectious bronchitis virus,IBV)QX株的效果,试验对IBV进行复壮与扩繁,制备原代鸡胚肾(CEK)细胞,并测定IBV对CEK细胞的TCID50和黄芩苷对CEK细胞的最大无毒浓度(MNTC);在MNTC基础上采用CCK法测定不同浓度黄芩苷对IBV的有效抑制率,观察不同浓度黄芩苷对IBV导致的CEK细胞的细胞病变效应(CPE)的抑制情况,并采用qPCR法测定不同浓度黄芩苷对IBV N基因相对表达量的影响。结果表明:成功复壮并扩繁了IBV,其未被其他病毒污染,对CEK细胞的TCID50为1×10^(-4.75)/0.1 mL;黄芩苷对CEK细胞的MNTC为9.75 mg/L;该浓度黄芩苷对IBV的有效抑制率最高,为64.03%,能有效减轻IBV对CEK细胞的CPE;各浓度黄芩苷均可以极显著降低CEK细胞中IBV N基因相对表达量(P<0.01)。说明黄芩苷对CEK细胞的MNTC为9.75 mg/L,该浓度黄芩苷具有较好的体外抗IBV QX株的作用。

GhWRKY44在干旱胁迫下的功能鉴定

【目的】解析GhWRKY44基因在干旱胁迫下的功能,为棉花抗旱育种提供候选基因资源。【方法】以陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum L.)CQJ-5叶片cDNA为模板进行聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR),获得GhWRKY44基因编码序列,并进行生物信息学分析。利用实时荧光PCR(quantitative real-time PCR,qRT-PCR)分析GhWRKY44基因在脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)和聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol,PEG)6000处理下的表达模式。利用病毒诱导的基因沉默(virus-induced gene silencing,VIGS)技术研究GhWRKY44基因在干旱胁迫下的功能。【结果】GhWRKY44编码的蛋白属于Ⅰa类WRKY成员,与GbWRKY44亲缘关系较近。GhWRKY44受PEG 6000和ABA诱导表达。干旱胁迫下,与对照棉株相比,GhWRKY44沉默棉株的叶片萎蔫程度更重,植株存活率和叶片叶绿素含量(soil and plant analyzer development,SPAD值)显著降低。脱水处理6 h和7 h,GhWRKY44基因沉默棉株的叶片失水率显著高于对照。【结论】沉默GhWRKY44基因降低棉花抗旱性,GhWRKY44是棉花抗旱性的正调控因子。

铜陵市1318名体检人员乙型肝炎病毒感染情况及疫苗接种率调查

目的对铜陵市1318名体检人员乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染情况及疫苗接种率进行调查分析。方法随机抽取铜陵市人民医院2023年1月至2023年12月体检中心接收的体检人员共计1318名,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测HBV表面抗原(HBsAg)、HBV表面抗体(HBsAb)、HBV核心抗体(HBcAb),采用问卷调查乙肝疫苗(HepB)接种率。结果1318名体检人员中,HBsAg阳性率为1.82%(24/1318),HBsAb阳性率为59.03%(778/1318),HBcAb阳性率为0.61%(8/1318),HBV感染率为0.76%(10/1318),HepB接种率为98.25%(1210/1318);1~4岁、5~14岁、15~29岁、30~69年龄组的HepB接种率为99.36%、98.61%、64.81%、39.57%,HBsAg阳性率为0.00%、0.35%、1.85%、2.98%;HBsAb阳性率为88.46%、76.04%、60.00%、42.88%;HBcAb阳性率为2.56%、3.82%、15.56%、30.46%,差异均有统计学意义(Z=12.644,3.067,2.103,10.495,10.806,P<0.05);城镇人群HBsAg阳性率低于农村人群,HBsAb阳性率及HepB接种率均高于农村人群,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.632,8.685,6.783,P<0.05);在有、无HepB免疫史及HepB免疫史不详的群体中,有HepB免疫史的群体HBsAg阳性率最低,HBsAb阳性率最高,差异有统计学意义(Z=3.722,3.081,P<0.05);经多因素Logistics回归得出有乙肝家族史、拔牙史及侵入性诊疗史均是影响HBV发生的独立危险因素(OR=1.781,1.793,1.784,P<0.05)。结论铜陵市1318名体检人员HBsAg阳性率携带率低,需注意重点扫描有拔牙史、乙肝家族史及侵入性诊疗史人群并加强HepB预防接种,以进一步提高铜陵市全体人民免疫水平。

南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒在广西兴安的迁入与侵染动态

广西兴安地处白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera(Horváth)迁入廊道要冲,南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒(southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus,SRBSDV)依赖白背飞虱携传。本研究采用探照灯诱集高空白背飞虱,同时采集田间白背飞虱和稻叶,采用dot-ELISA法检测白背飞虱及水稻的带毒状况,以明确SRBSDV的迁入与侵染动态。综合来看,2021年-2022年间兴安的带毒白背飞虱迁入始期为5月下旬,迁入白背飞虱的带毒率高峰为6月中下旬;田间白背飞虱7月上旬-7月下旬带毒率较高(10%~15%);水稻7月中旬-8月上旬带毒率较高(10%~14%)。水稻带毒率与田间白背飞虱带毒率之间存在显著相关关系。本文结果有助于桂北和长江中下游地区开展白背飞虱携传SRBSDV的监测预警。

济南地区7127例就诊者人乳头瘤病毒感染状况及影响因素分析

目的分析济南地区7127例就诊者人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染情况,探究年龄、季节等因素与HPV感染的相关性,为济南地区HPV感染的科学防治提供依据。方法选取2021年6月至2023年3月山东第一医科大学附属省立医院收治的7127例进行HPV检测的就诊者作为研究对象。采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)结合荧光探针(Tapman)技术检测15种高危型HPV(HR-HPV)和2种低危型HPV(LR-HPV)的感染情况,并按性别、年龄、季节分组,比较各组感染率的差异。结果纳入研究的就诊者中,至少检测出一种HPV的感染者1780例,感染率为24.98%,LR-HPV感染率为4.22%,HR-HPV感染率为22.66%,同时检出HR-HPV与LR-HPV的患者136例,检出率1.91%;HR-HPV感染率前5名的分型依次为HPV52、HPV16、HPV58、HPV51、HPV56,HPV单一感染率为17.88%,HPV多重感染率为7.10%;不同年龄组中,HPV感染率随年龄的增长呈先降低后增高的趋势,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同季节组中,冬季是HPV感染率最高的季节,春季是HPV感染率最低的季节。结论济南地区HPV感染以高危型、单一感染为主,男性感染率高于女性,18~29岁与≥50岁是HPV感染的高发年龄段,冬季是HPV感染的高发季节,应加强对高发季节及高发人群HPV感染的预防与诊疗。