GMA material design and construction quality control for asphalt pavement of steel box girder: Case study of the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge

To improve the quality of the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge paving project,a new paving layer material,Guss-mastic asphalt(GMA),was proposed in this paper by combining the advantages of two types of cast asphalt mixtures:mastic asphalt(MA)and Guss asphalt(GA).Based on the characteristics of GMA,to simulate its actual production process,this study developed a small-simulated cooker mixing equipment.Moreover,the flow degree,60C dynamic stability,and impact toughness were proposed to be used to evaluate the construction and ease,high temperature stability,and fatigue resistance of GMA cast asphalt mixtures,respectively.Moreover,the quality control standards for GMA paving materials by indoor tests,field trial mix GMA material performance tests,and accelerated loading tests were finalized.The study showed that the developed simulated cooker yielded consistent mixing results in the same working environment as the engineering cooker device.Increasing the coarse aggregate incorporation rate,coarsening the mastic epure(ME)gradation composition,and using a smaller oil to stone ratio can reduce the flowability of the GMA materials to varying degrees.The four-point bending fatigue life and impact toughness of the different GMA materials are correlated well.A mobility of<20 s,60C dynamic stability of 400–800 times/mm,15C impact toughness of400 N⋅mm,and cooker car mixing temperature control standard of 210C–230C form an appropriate control index system for the design and production of GMA cast asphalt mixtures.Simultaneously,accelerated loading tests verified the accuracy and reliability of the quality control index system that has been used in the GMA paving project of the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge deck and has achieved good application results.

Design of flying vehicle control system by signal to noise ratio

Presents the new concept of ″Desired to be small″ based on the basic function of vehicle flight control system for an optimal design of flying vehicle control system, and the definition of S/N ratio and calculation formula for ″Desired to be small″ dynamic characteristics, and the S/N ratio method established for design of velicle flight control systems, by which, an orthogrnal table is used to arrange test schemes, and error facters are used to simulate various interferences, and the use of S/N ratio as a design criterion to synthesise the design of dynamic and static characteristics for definition of an optimal scheme, the application of S/N ratio method to the design of a type of vehicle control system and the single run success abtained in design of control system, technical evaluation test and design finalization flight test.

Research and Realization of Ten-print Data Quality Control Techniques for Imperial Scale Automated Fingerprint Identification System

As the first individualization-information processing equipment put into practical service worldwide,Automated Fingerprint Identification System(AFIS)has always been regarded as the first choice in individualization of criminal suspects or those who died in mass disasters.By integrating data within the existing regional large-scale AFIS database,many countries are constructing an ultra large state-of-the-art AFIS(or Imperial Scale AFIS)system.Therefore,it is very important to develop a series of ten-print data quality controlling process for this system of this type,which would insure a substantial matching efficiency,as the pouring data come into this imperial scale being.As the image quality of ten-print data is closely relevant to AFIS matching proficiency,a lot of police departments have allocated huge amount of human and financial resources over this issue by carrying out manual verification works for years.Unfortunately,quality control method above is always proved to be inadequate because it is an astronomical task involved,in which it has always been problematic and less affiant for potential errors.Hence,we will implement quality control in the above procedure with supplementary-acquisition effect caused by the delay of feedback instructions sent from the human verification teams.In this article,a series of fingerprint image quality supervising techniques has been put forward,which makes it possible for computer programs to supervise the ten-print image quality in real-time and more accurate manner as substitute for traditional manual verifications.Besides its prominent advantages in the human and financial expenditures,it has also been proved to obviously improve the image quality of the AFIS ten-print database,which leads up to a dramatic improvement in the AFIS-matching accuracy as well.

A strategy for population pharmaceutical quality assessment based on quality by design

From a regulatory perspective,drug quality consistency evaluation must concern different processes used for the same drug.In this study,an assessment strategy based on quality by design(QbD)was developed for population pharmaceutical quality evaluation.A descriptive analysis method based on QbD concept was first established to characterize the process by critical evaluation attributes(CEAs).Then quantitative analysis method based on an improved statistical process control(SPC)method was established to investigate the process indicators(PIs)in the process population,such as mean distribution,batch-to-batch difference and abnormal quality probability.After that rules for risk assessment were established based on the SPC limitations and parameters.Both the SPC parameters of the CEAs and the risk of PIs were visualized according to the interaction test results to obtain a better understanding of the population pharmaceutical quality.Finally,an assessment strategy was built and applied to generic drug consistency assessment,process risk assessment and quality trend tracking.The strategy demonstrated in this study could help reveal quality consistency from the perspective of process control and process risk,and further show the recent development status of domestic pharmaceutical production processes.In addition,a process risk assessment and population quality trend tracking provide databased information for approval.Not only can this information serve as a further basis for decisionmaking by the regulatory authority regarding early warnings,but it can also reduce some avoidable adverse reactions.With continuous addition of data,dynamic population pharmaceutical quality is meaningful for emergencies and decision-making regarding drug regulation.

The Principle of Mathematical Induction Applied to the Generalized Model for the Economic Design of X-Control Charts

Rahim and Banerjee [1] developed a general model for the optimal design of x-control charts. The model minimizes the expected cost per unit time. The heart of the model is a theorem that derives the expected total cost and the expected cycle length. In this paper an alternative simple proof for the theorem is provided based on mathematical induction.

FOUR-DIMENSIONAL DATA QUALITY CONTROL THROUGH THE ADJOINT APPROACH

Using the variational four-dimensional (4-D) data assimilation technique (the adjoint method), we defined the error/mean-error ratios (EMER) of observational data. The plausibility of marking the gross error using the EMER is investigated theoretically under some assumptions. Idealized numerical experiments are carried out using the simple Lorenz model to test the quality control scheme.

Robust Design of Mixing Static and Dynamic Multiple Quality Characteristics

Increased market competition means that quality, cost and delivery time are crucial elements of modern production techniques. Taguchi’s robust design is the most powerful method available for reducing product cost, improving quality, and simultaneously reducing development time. Robust design aims to reduce the impact of noise on the product or process quality and leads to greater customer satisfaction and higher operational performance. The objective of robust design is to minimize the total quality loss in products or processes. The PQL model proposed by this paper simultaneously optimizes the static and dynamic problems by minimizing the total quality loss. Using the proposed PQL model and steps for optimization, the method addresses complex parameter design, which varies with the properties and objectives of the experimental data, to improve the product quality. The example of an electron beam surface hardening process is provided to demonstrate the implementation and usefulness of the proposed method.

Cumulative logit model in the analysis of endometrial cancer under a matched pair case-control design

Background: Binary as well as polytomous logistic models are widely used for estimating odds ratios when the exposure of prime interest assumes unordered multiple levels under matched pairs case-control design. In our previous studies, we have shown that the use of a polytomous logistic model for estimating cumulative odds ratios when the outcome (response) variable is ordinal (in addition to being polytomous) under matched pairs case-control design. The cumulative odds ratios were estimated based on separate fitting of the model at each of the cutpoint level as compared to less than equal to that level. In this paper we propose an alternative method of estimating the cumulative odds ratios and reanalyze the Los Angeles Endometrial Cancer data in the context of dose levels of conjugated oestrogen exposure and development of endometrial cancer under the matched pair case-control design. Methods: In the present study, the cumulative logit model is fitted using a single multinomial logit model for the data. For this, the full maximum likelihood estimation procedure is adopted. A test for equality of the cumulative odds ratios across the exposure levels is proposed. Results: The analysis revealed that there is a strong evidence of risk for developing endometrial cancer due to oestrogen exposure above each of the three dose level as compared to less than equal to that level. The estimated values at the three cutpoint levels were found to be 6.17, 3.60 and 5.16 respectively. Conclusions: The odds of developing endometrial cancer are very high for the users of any amount of oestrogen, even if it is the least dose, as compared to the non-users.

基于Cast Designer的壳体铸件铸造工艺设计及智能优化

使用Cast Designer铸造仿真分析软件,通过可铸性评估系统DFM,完成浇冒系统的辅助设计,然后使用DOE技术和基于遗传算法GA的智能优化技术,评估不同工艺设计方案与铸造过程参数对壳体铸件质量的影响,分析在不同的冒口、冷铁和浇注温度条件下得料率和缩孔量的关系。根据对DOE模拟结果的分析,发现顶冒口和侧冒口尺寸是影响得料率和缩孔量的关键因数,再利用遗传算法GA选择最佳设计方案和参数。通过帕累托曲线得到了生产壳体铸件的最优工艺方案。

Correlation between the rock mass properties and maximum horizontal stress:A case study of overcoring stress measurements

Understanding the mechanical properties of the lithologies is crucial to accurately determine the horizontal stress magnitude.To investigate the correlation between the rock mass properties and maximum horizontal stress,the three-dimensional(3D)stress tensors at 89 measuring points determined using an improved overcoring technique in nine mines in China were adopted,a newly defined characteristic parameter C_(ERP)was proposed as an indicator for evaluating the structural properties of rock masses,and a fuzzy relation matrix was established using the information distribution method.The results indicate that both the vertical stress and horizontal stress exhibit a good linear growth relationship with depth.There is no remarkable correlation between the elastic modulus,Poisson's ratio and depth,and the distribution of data points is scattered and messy.Moreover,there is no obvious relationship between the rock quality designation(RQD)and depth.The maximum horizontal stress σ_(H) is a function of rock properties,showing a certain linear relationship with the C_(ERP)at the same depth.In addition,the overall change trend of σ_(H) determined by the established fuzzy identification method is to increase with the increase of C_(ERP).The fuzzy identification method also demonstrates a relatively detailed local relationship betweenσ_H and C_(ERP),and the predicted curve rises in a fluctuating way,which is in accord well with the measured stress data.

Analysis and Optimum Design of Differential Inductors Using Distributed Capacitance Model

A distributed capacitance model for monolithic inductors is developed to predict the equivalently parasitical capacitances of the inductor.The ratio of the self-resonant frequency (f SR) of the differential-driven symmetric inductor to the f SR of the single-ended driven inductor is firstly predicted and explained.Compared with a single-ended configuration,experimental data demonstrate that the differential inductor offers a 127% greater maximum quality factor and a broader range of operating frequencies.Two differential inductors with low parasitical capacitance are developed and validated.

Design of Experiments (DOE)—A Valuable Multi-Purpose Methodology

The DOE methodology is an effective tool for upgrading the level of measurement and assessment. In any design, planning or control problem the designer is faced with many alternatives. He/she is challenged to develop design approaches that can meet both quality and cost criteria. The way experiments are designed greatly affects the effective use of the experimental resources and the easiness with which the measured results can be analyzed. This paper does not present new evidence based on designed experiments. Its objective is solely to show how useful application of multifactor experiments is in a variety of circumstances and decision making scenarios. The paper reviews three published examples where this method was used in different contexts: quality control, flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) and logistics systems. The physical experiment has been carried out to improve the quality of a special type of batteries. The simulation experiment has been carried out to investigate the impact of several flexibility factors in a flexible manufacturing system. The numerical value of a complex analytical expression representing a customer oriented logistics performance measure has been calculated for different values of its parameters, i.e. the given numerical values of the investigated factors. It enabled a methodical examination of all factor effects and especially their interactions, thus shedding light on complex aspects of the logistics decision problem. In these examples, cases from different contexts were presented, enabling to view design of experiments as a powerful ingredient for improving decision making in a variety of circumstances.

Interaction analysis and enhanced design of grid-forming control with hybrid synchronization and virtual admittance loops

The hybrid power-and voltage-based synchronization control method has shown potential for enhancing the stability of grid-forming(GFM)inverters.However,its effectiveness may be compromised if other control loops are not properly designed.To address the control-loop interactions,this paper presents a design-oriented analysis method for multiloop-controlled GFM inverters.The method begins by identifying the dominant oscillation modes through modal analysis.The sensitivities of damping ratios to control parameters are then determined for the dominant modes,which allows for characterization of control-loop interactions.A co-design method of GFM control is next developed based on the sensitivity analysis.Lastly,simulations and experimental results are presented to confirm the effectiveness of the method.

Design of Industrial Quenching Processes

The method of designing industrial processes of quench cooling, in particular, the speed of the conveyor movement with regard to shape and sizes of parts to be quenched, thermal and physical properties of material and cooling capacity of quenchants has been developed. The suggested designing method and databases are the basis for the complete automation of industrial processes of quench cooling, especially for continuous conveyor lines, with the purpose of making high-strength materials. The process is controlled by infrared technique.

基于B/S架构的远程会诊质控系统的设计与应用

目的研发远程会诊质控系统,在区域内实现远程会诊质控、管理、监管、考评、统计和持续改进的信息化。方法2020年,组建多学科团队,运用智力激励法和专题小组讨论法,基于B/S架构研发远程会诊质控系统,与既有远程会诊信息系统完全嵌合兼容,满足远程会诊全流程质量管理的功能需求。结果针对远程会诊质控工作要求,系统设计研发了质控管理、质控考评、实时监管、统计分析4个子模块,可满足远程会诊全流程质量管理的功能需求。结论该质控系统创新了远程会诊信息化质量管理模式,在区域内实现了远程会诊全流程的信息化管理,取得了较好的质量管理成效,有效促进区域内远程会诊工作的推进和发展。

可持续迭代的村镇人居环境设计体系研究

目的为建构可持续建设与有机更新下村镇人居环境设计的基本框架,揭示其在不同发展阶段、地域特征和建设主题下村镇人居样本的应对性设计原则与理论,总结村镇设计在经济、社会、技术影响下的迭代及在地化应变,探讨未来村镇人居环境设计的前沿模式。方法基于可视化文献分析法,对可持续村镇人居环境设计进行系统的脉络梳理,并根据可持续设计的路径推演、要素解析、模式特征进行村镇人居环境设计体系的框架搭建,提出村镇人居环境设计的基本原则与适配化设计技术路线。结果构建了可持续人居建设迭代下的村镇人居环境设计体系,通过解析可持续设计的基本构成要素,分析了村镇人居环境可持续设计的动力机制,揭示了其在需求侧、供给侧和承载侧的基本特征及三者的联动关系,提出了四项村镇人居环境可持续设计的基本原则,并总结出三点分类适配化设计思路。结论以综合设计视角,探讨未来中国村镇转型下的设计思想与技术脉络,根据时代背景、在地特征、未来场景,采取动态应变与适配的原则,提出可持续设计模式、方法与路径,为设计学相关研究者、决策者和执业人员提供理论梳理和实践指导。

基于装配式建筑设计要点探讨

从模块化设计、连接和接头处理、构架整合三个角度具体讨论了装配式建筑设计需要考虑的各种因素,旨在明确装配式建筑设计要点,解决装配式建筑设计中面临的特殊性问题,倡导将可持续性、适应性与审美价值统一考虑,推动装配式建筑推广使用。

建筑智能化方案精准设计方法探索

以智能建筑的顶层设计为基础,在比较不同智能化系统优劣的基础上,提出基于约束条件的智能化设计方案的整体比较方法,为业主智能化设计的投资优化方案提供指导。同时,构建MATLAB模型以简化计算过程,实现设计方案的便捷比较和直观展示,助力精准控制方法在实际应用中的优化。

高校BSL-2实验室建设与运行管理

近两年越来越多的高校新建、改建BSL-2实验室,目前医疗和疾控系统BSL-2实验室的建设和运行模式与科研属性的高校BSL-2实验室相符性不高、针对性不足,导致高校在建设和改造BSL-2实验室时,可参考的案例和运行管理经验十分有限,缺乏细化指导。针对上述问题,南开大学BSL-2实验室在建筑设计、备案管理、制度文件、日常监管等方面介绍了BSL-2实验室的建设和运行管理经验,供其他高校建设BSL-2实验室借鉴和参考。

日本HEAS-02-2022《医院设施设计指南(空调设备篇)》介绍

日本HEAS-02《医院设施设计指南(空调设备篇)》已经持续应用了30多年,对我国医院建设影响较大。历经4次修订,最新颁布的2022版是由医学主席在疫情中主持修订的,鉴于气溶胶新的传播特性提出了相应的合适措施。在医疗环境控制方面提出了许多新的思路与措施,局部修订了空气洁净度级别和各医疗科室的通风要求。依据感染管理风险评估及推荐强度与证据质量实施合理的医疗环境控制,并对一些关注点进行了澄清。