Effects of Different Processed Products of Radix Codonopsis on Intestinal Flora of Rats with Spleen Deficiency

[Objectives]This study aimed to observe the effects of different processed products of Radix Codonopsis on intestinal flora in rats with spleen deficiency.[Methods]Rat models with spleen deficiency were established by bitter-cold purgation method with Radix et Rhizoma Rhei.Normal group,model group,Radix Codonopsis group,fried Radix Codonopsis group,rice-fried Radix Codonopsis group,honey-fried Radix Codonopsis group and bran-fired Radix Codonopsis group were designed.After subjecting to corresponding treatments,the changes in the quantity of intestinal microorganisms of the rats were detected.[Results]There was no significant change in the quantity of intestinal microorganisms of the rats in the normal group and model group.The rats in the rice-fried Radix Codonopsis group were administered after successful modeling,and the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the intestines of the rats increased,and the quantity of Escherichia coli and Staphylococci reduced.The rats in the Radix Codonopsis group,fried Radix Codonopsis groups,honey-fried Radix Codonopsis group and bran-fried Radix Codonopsis group were administered after successful modeling,and the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the intestines of the rats increased(the increases were smaller than those in the rice-fried Radix Codonopsis group),and the abundance of E.coli and Staphylococci reduced,close to normal levels.[Conclusions]Different processed products of Radix Codonopsis have obvious regulation effect on intestinal flora of rats with spleen deficiency,and the regulation effect of rice-fried Radix Codonopsis on rats with spleen deficiency is better than that of Radix Codonopsis,fried Radix Codonopsis,honey-fried Radix Codonopsis and bran-fried Radix Codonopsis.

Effects of Lycii Fructus and Salviae Miltiorrhizae on the Syndrome of Deficiency with Blood Stasis in RCS(rdy-/-, p-/-) Rats with Retinitis Pigmentosa: An Intervention Study

Objective To investigate the effects of Lycii Fructus(LF,Gou Qi Zi,枸杞子)and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Ex Rhizoma(SM,Dan Shen,丹参)on the syndrome of deficiency with blood stasis in the RCS(rdy-/-,p-/-)rats with retinitis pigmentosa(RP).Methods A total of 32 RCS(rdy-/-,p-/-)rats were divided into 4 groups(equal amounts of female and male rats in each group):model group treated with 0.9%normal saline,LF group treated with LF formula granules,SM group treated with SM formula granules,and LF and SM(L·S)group treated with LF and SM formula granules.Eight RCS(rdy+/+,p+/+)rats(4 males and 4 females)were treated with 0.9%normal saline to serve as blank group.The contents of E2,PG,P-Selectin,plasma viscosity,whole blood relative index of the high shear rate and fibrinogen content in plasma,and the content of cAMP and cGMP in retinal homogenate were detected.The retina was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining.Results The contents of E2,PG,P-Selectin,plasma viscosity,whole blood relative index of the high shear rate,and fibrinogen content in the plasma of L·S group significantly differed from those of model group(P<0.01),but were similar to those of blank group.The contents of cAMP and cGMP in the retinal homogenate of L·S group significantly differed from those in model group(P<0.01)but were similar to those in blank group(P>0.05).Conclusions LF and SM can effectively treat retinitis pigmentosa by ameliorating the syndrome of deficiency with blood stasis.

Effects of zinc deficiency on the brain development in rats

The zinc effects on the learning and memory ability were investigated in the zinc-deficient(ZD)and pair-fed(PF) rats and it was found that(1 ) The rate of body weight gaining and the feed-efficiency ratio were significantly lower in ZD group than in PF gr

Effects of Lujingyiqishengxue Pill on Iron Metabolism in Rats with Iron Deficiency Anemia

[Objectives]This study was conducted to observe the effect of Lujingyiqishengxue Pill on iron metabolism in rats with iron deficiency anemia. [Methods] The iron-deficiency anemia rat model was established by feeding low-iron diet. Meanwhile, the rats were given oral gavage of ferrous succinate(0.036 g/kg, positive drug group) and Lujingyiqishengxue Pill(4.4, 2.2, 1.1 g/kg, high, middle and low dose groups), once daily for 42 consecutive days. The body weight of the rats was observed every week, and the peripheral blood[red blood cells(RBC), hemoglobin(HGB), and hematocrit(HCT)]and the iron contents in tissues(the liver, spleen, small intestine, kidney) of the rats were detected after modeling;and serum iron(SI), serum total iron binding capacity(TIBC), transferrin saturation(TSAT), serum ferritin(SF) and serum transferrin receptor 1(TFR1) and other iron metabolism indexes were determined. [Results] Compared with the model group, the high-dose Lujingyiqishengxue Pill significantly reversed the peripheral blood(HGB, HCT) and iron contents of various tissues(the liver, spleen, small intestine, kidney) in rats(P<0.01), and significantly increased SI, TSAT, SF(P<0.01), while the contents of TIBC and TFR1 were significantly decreased(P<0.01). [Conclusions] Lujingyiqishengxue Pill can significantly improve anemia and regulate iron metabolism in rats with iron-deficiency anemia, which provides a pharmacological reference for the clinical application of Lujingyiqishengxue Pill.

Seasonal climate effect on organ proportion and morbidity in 'Bi-zheng' rats with kidney deficiency syndrome

Objective:Using the traditional Chinese medicine theory of 'Bi-zheng' caused by kidney deficiency,combined with modern medical science and technology,this study assessed the relationships among organ weight,cytokines,pathological manifestations,and traditional Chinese medicine kidney deficiency syndrome in rats with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods:Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal,collagen-induced arthritis (ClA) model,and kidney deficiency arthralgia model groups.Rats in the kidney deficiency arthritis group underwent removal of the testis or ovary and administration of an inflammatory agent.Rats in the control group solely received an inflammatory agent.Type Ⅱ collagen-induced arthritis was induced within 1 week of the winter solstice or summer solstice,in order to sample organs and observe the mental state,posture,fur color,activity level,excrement,body weight,and organ weight of the rats.Results:Compared with the normal and CIA model groups,the kidney deficiency arthralgia model group showed fast and acute onset,prominent symptoms,most obvious potential joint swelling,worst general state,and least amount of weight gain.Compared with the normal group,the proportion of thymus,spleen,and adrenal glands of model rats were larger in winter,with varying degrees of hyperplasia and hypertrophy;these differences were statistically significant (P <.05).In summer,model coefficients were greater than normal in the spleen,while the thymus and adrenal gland coefficients were significantly different between the normal and kidney deficiency arthralgia groups.In summer,the thymus in the kidney deficiency arthralgia group exhibited hypertrophy and hyperplasia,whereas the thymus in the control group did not;this difference was statistically significant (P =.015).Thymus and adrenal gland proportions exhibited seasonal differences in CIA model rats;these were statistically significant (P <.05),with high performance in winter and low performance in summer.The spleen proportion exhibited a trend of high performance in winter and low performance in summer in the kidney deficiency arthralgia model rats.Conclusion:Kidney deficiency is an internal condition linked with the occurrence of arthralgia,and seasonal factors exhibit an impact on the morbidity of arthritis in rats.

Zinc-deficient diet aggravates ventilation-induced lung injury in rats

We investigated the effects of zinc deficiency on acute lung injury （ALI） induced by mechanical ventilation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a zinc-deficient or zinc-proficient diet for 4 weeks, and then received mechanical ventilation at normal frequency and pressure for 30 min. Total protein, cell count, the number of poly- morphonuclear neutrophil （PMN） in the bronchoalveolar lavage （BAL）, and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） expression in the lung were determined. Activation of nuclear factor-t^B （NF-~cB） was detected by exam- ining the phosphorylation of NF-kB （pNF-kB p65） and the expression of inhibitor of NF-kB （pI-kBa）. Compared to the controls, total cell count and the number of PMNs were significantly increased to 160% and 140%, respec- tively, in zinc-deficient rats treated with ventilation. Activation of NF-kB was significantly increased and VEGF was also increased to three-folds. Zinc deficiency aggravated the inflammatory response in rats and was associated with the overexpression of VEGF in response to mechanical ventilation. Zinc supplementation may be beneficial to zinc-deficient patients during mechanical ventilation.

Biochemical and Morphological Changes in the Lenses of Selenium and/or Vitamin E Deficient Rats

The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSSG-R),superoalde dismutase (SOD) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and free radicals were measured, and the morphological changes were observed in the lens of control rats, selenium-deficient (SeD) and/or vitamin E deficient (VED) rats. The activities of GSH-Px in the lens of SeD rats decreased significantly. The GSH-Px activities of lens were positively related to erythrocytes selenium level. There was a free radical at g = 2.0015 in the rat lens of all groupe, but the content of free radicals in the lens of SeD group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The free radical content of lens was negatively related to erythrocytes selenium level, as well as the GSH-Px activities in the lens. In vitro, ultraviolet radiation caused the generation of another kind of free radical (g = 2.0097) in the lens of all groups, but the amount of the free radical in the lens of the SeD group was also significantly higher than that of the control group. The activities of SoD and GSSG-R in VED rat lens were significantly decreased. The amount of MDA in the lens of SeD and/or VED rats were significantly increased. The results showed that the decrease of antioaldative capability in the lenses of SeD and/or VED rats accelerated the lipid peroxidation and generation of free radicals. Although only early morphological changes in SeD and/or VED rat lens were observed, it is considered that selenium and vitamin E deficiency may be involved in the occurrence of cataract

Effect of Dietary EGCG on Normal and Vitamin E and Selenium Deficient Rats

The tea catechin EGCG has been postulated to provide health benefits in humans, to some extent, as an antioxidant. The dose-response effect of dietary EGCG (0, 30, 60, or 120 mg/kg diet) was tested in rats under high versus low oxidative stress conditions that were created by feeding diets adequate in vitamin E and Se (Lox), or deficient in both (Hox) for six weeks. Effects on growth, quinone reductase (NQO1) activity, F2-isoprostanes and nutrient antioxidant amounts in the liver were evaluated as markers of nutrient deficiency and oxidative status. Under Hox conditions consumption of EGCG only at the lowest dose was partially associated with a protection against oxidative stress, reflected by a delay in growth deceleration, but no protection against lipid oxidation. Elevated liver NQO1 activity was observed in this group (>4-fold) increasing with the dose;but it was not associated with antioxidant protection. In contrast, under Lox conditions consumption of EGCG was associated with antioxidant activity reflected in a reduction (>30%) in F2-isoprostanes and protection of CoQ reduced status in the liver. Overall these results suggest that the antioxidant effect of EGCG in vivo depends on the level of oxidative stress and the presence of other nutrient antioxidants.

Novel translational rat models of dopamine transporter deficiency

Dopamine （DA） is one of the brain＇s fundamental neurotransmitters. Despite the fact that the dopaminergic synapses constitute less than 1% of all brain synapses, DA is implicated in a number of critical physiological functions and in the pathogenesis of important psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder （ADHD）, Parkinson＇s disease （PD） and others.

MECHANISM OF PROMOTING EFFECTS OF RIBOFLAVIN DEFICIENCY ON CARCINOGENESIS OF NITROSAMINES (EFFECTS ON RAT LIVER GLUTATHIONE CONTENT)

The effects of riboflavin deficiency and simultaneously nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) given by gastric intubation on the hepatic glutathione (GSH) content were examined in rats. On different days of the experiment, hepatic GSH content of the riboflavin deficient rats decreased to 55-61% of the control rats. When NDMA was given 6 mg kg by gastric intubation to riboflavin deficient rats, hepatic GSH content decreased markedly to 39-43% of the control rats. After supplying riboflavin, hepatie GSH content of the deficient rats recovered to the level of the control rats. These results suggest that alterations of rat hepatic GSH content during riboflavin deficiency may imply as one of the promoting effects of riboflavin deficiency on the carcinogenesis of nitrosamines.

Rat Models of Fatty Liver due to Liver Depression and Spleen Deficiency

[Objectives] To establish animal models of fatty liver due to liver depression and spleen deficiency that were suitable for activity discovery of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) compounds,efficacy evaluation,new drug research and development and correspondence between prescription and syndrome of TCM. [Methods] A syndrome score scale that was suitable for evaluating the rat models was established according to the evolvement rules of etiology and pathogenesis of TCM and the modern clinical pathological mechanism. At the same time,bifendate pills and Sanqi Zhigan pills were selected as drug counterevidence for the models. Rats in model groups were given different proportions of high-fat and low-protein fodder and different concentrations of alcohol every day,and intraperitoneally injected with porcine serum twice a week. Drug groups were given with bifendate pills and Sanqi Zhigan pills( 8. 1 mg/kg,and 2. 7 g/kg) respectively for 14 consecutive days.During the experiment,general status,weight,daily fodder intake and daily water intake of the animals were observed,and TCM syndromes were scored. After the experiment,the levels of alanine aminotransferase( ALT),aspartate aminotransferase( AST),γ-glutamine transpeptidase( γ-GT),total cholesterol( TC),triglycerides( TG),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol( LDL-C),and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol( HDL-C) in serum were detected,and the pathological changes in liver tissue were observed. [Results] Compared with the control group,body weight,daily fodder and water intake of rats increased slowly in the model group,and the levels of ALT,AST,γ-GT,TC,TG and LDL-C increased significantly,while the level of HDL-C dropped. Pathological examination showed that steatosis and fat granule were observed in hepatocytes of rats in the model group. Behavioral observation found that main symptoms and minor symptoms of rats in the model group conformed to the syndrome manifestation of liver depression and spleen deficiency,which suggested that the three model groups were established successfully. Among them,three rats died in model group 1,and one rat died in model group 2. The manifestation of all the above lesions can be alleviated by drug counterevidence. [Conclusions]The animal model of fatty liver due to liver depression and spleen deficiency shows an obviously lower mortality and shorter duration and can be used for research of correlation between prescription and syndrome and its mechanism.

Apoptosis Induced by Zinc Deficiency in Rat Osteoblast:Possible Involvement of Protein Kinase C

Ra ostcobasts were isolated from the 21-day fetal rat calvchas. The cells were grown in DMEM Plus 10% FBS, and were treated for 24 h. with 10 μmol/L TPEN or 10 μmol/L TPEN supplemented with 10 μmol/L Zn2+. Apoptosis of osteoblasts were measured by fiow cytometry, electron microscopy and DNA fragmentation analyzed by gel elecmphoresis. In addition, IP3 production and PKC activity were measmed in ordr to show whether they are involved in apoptosis in osteoblast induced by alnc deficiency. The results showed that 10 μmol/L TPEN could induce apoptosis in osteoblast in 24 h. But cells ed with 10μmol/L TPEN supplemented with 10 μmol/L Zn2+ showed no apoptotic changs in 24 h. TPEN significantly reduced the formation of IP3 and PKC activity after 24 h incubation. No differences were observed between the cells treated with TPEN supPlemented with Zn2+ simulaneosly and the untreated cells. It can be inferred that apoptosis induced by ainc deficiency may be due to the decreased activity of PKC which is impaired by reduced formation of IP3.

Changes of free radicals and digestive enzymes in saliva in cases with deficiency inspleen-yin syndrome

Objective：To explore the nature of deficiency in spleen-yin syndrome,which could provide scientific theoretical support and practical guidance for clinical Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）syndrome differentiation based on biology,and had a strong clinical significance.Methods：Serum Cu and Zn were detected by atomic absorption spectrophotometer,serum vitamin E by high performance liquid chromatography,serum vitamin C by 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine Colorimetry,total superoxide dismutase（SOD）and Cu and Zn- SOD by the xanthine oxidase method,and malondialdehyde（MDA）by the 2-thiobarbituric acid method（TBA）.Total antioxidant capacity was detected by a colorimetry kit.Amylase Activity was detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer.Lysozyme was detected by lysozyme detection plate,the diameter of bacteriolysis circle was measured and the corresponding content of lysozyme was obtained from a table of standard curve values.Results： No significant difference in total SOD and Cu,Zn-SOD was found between deficiency in spleen-yin group and normal group.However,such factors in deficiency in kidney-yin group were significantly lower than the other groups（P〈0.05）.The MDA content in both deficiency in spleen-yin group and deficiency in kidney-yin group were significantly higher than that of normal group（P〈0.05）,while the total antioxidant capacity was significantly lower than normal group（P〈0.05）.The vitamin E content in deficiency in kidney-yin group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups（P〈0.05）.No significant difference in the contents of vitamin C,Cu and Zn were observed in these groups.The Zn/Cu level in deficiency in kidney-yin group and the vitamin E level in deficiency in spleen-yin group decreased,but with no significant difference.Amylase activity in unit time in cases with deficiency in spleen-yin was lower than and had significant differences with that in normal cases,and higher than that in cases with deficiency in kidney-yin.The sectional velocity of saliva and the ratio of lysozyme in normal case group were significantly higher than other two groups,while deficiency in the spleen-yin group was significantly higher than the deficiency in kidney-yin group.Conclusion：All the results indicated that the objective pathological mechanism between the deficiency in spleen-yin and deficiency in kidney-yin was different.

Effects of High Fluoride and Low Iodine on Thyroid Function in Offspring Rats

Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups of eight with six females and two males in each group. The rats were exposed to high fluoride drinking water （45 mg F-L^-1 from 100 mg NaF L-1）, low dietary iodine （0.0855 mg kg-1）, or both together in order to assess the effects of these three regimens on the thyroid function of the offspring rats. After the animal model was established, the offspring rats were bred and 10-, 20-, 30-, 60-, and 90-d-old rats were used for the experiment. The treatments for the offspring rats were the same as those of their parents. In comparison with control rats, the relative thyroid glands were changed by three regimens, but the mean values of thyroid weight in the experimental groups saw no marked difference. Serum TT3 levels were increased in all stages in the low iodine （LI） group. In the high fluoride （HiF） group, increase in TT3 levels was observed except in 20-d-old rats. Decrease in TT3 at 20- and 90-d and increase in TT3 at 30- and 60-d were found in HiF＋LI group. Serum TT4 levels first saw an increase, and then dropped in the LI and HiF＋LI group. However, an increase in TT4 was found in the HiF group. The levels of TSH in serum rocketed at d 20, and then dropped in the next stages in experimental groups. The results suggested that thyroid disorder could be induced by high flroride in drinking water, low iodine diet, or both of them. Exposure time to fluoride or low iodine diet was one of the important factors that fluoride can induce the development of thyroid dyfunction.

Beneficial effects of AOS-iron supplementation on intestinal structure and microbiota in IDA rats

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of agar oligosaccharide-iron(AOS-iron)on intestinal tissue pathology and microbiota in IDA rats induced by a low-iron diet,further to find the relationship between intestinal microbiota and iron metabolic disorders.After 4 weeks of AOS-iron supplementation,the fecal iron content of IDA rats markedly increased in a dose-dependent manner,only the damaged cecum and colon tissues in medium-dose(MD)and high-dose(HD)groups were repaired to the baseline,while the diversity of gut microbiota was improved even at low dose(LD).Furthermore,the supplementation of AOS-iron altered the composition of gut microbiota.At the genus level,the beneficial microbiota was enriched in AOS-iron groups,but the relative abundance of potential opportunistic pathogens obviously reduced compared to that in the anemia model(AM)group.Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that biochemical parameters,including blood metabolic parameters,iron contents,body weight,GSH-PX and T-AOC activity,were positively correlated with SMB53,Anaerotruncus,Anaerostipes and Coprobacillus but negatively correlated with Morganella,Fusobacterium and Serratia.These findings indicated that AOS-iron effectively repaired the damaged intestinal tissue and ameliorated iron metabolic disorders by regulating gut microbiota desirably,which could provide references for the treatment of IDA.

益心泰颗粒对慢性心衰(心气虚兼血瘀水停证)大鼠AMPK、PGC-1α的影响

目的观察益心泰颗粒对慢性心力衰竭(CHF)(心气虚兼血瘀水停证)大鼠AMPK、PGC-1α的影响。方法采用丙硫氧嘧啶灌胃及阿霉素腹腔注射复制CHF(心气虚兼血瘀水停证)模型大鼠,将造模成功大鼠分为模型组与益心泰低、中、高剂量组和曲美他嗪组;另设正常对照组。灌胃4周后观察心肌组织病理结构,检测LVEF、血清NT-proBNP及心肌组织FFA、ATP/AMP、LAC、pAMPK、AMPK、PGC-1α水平。结果与模型组比较,益心泰颗粒低、中、高剂量组及曲美他嗪组LVEF、心肌组织ATP/AMP值、心肌组织p-AMPK、AMPK、PGC-1α相对灰度值均明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),血清NT-proBNP及心肌组织FFA、LAC明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论益心泰颗粒能促进慢性心力衰竭(心气虚兼血瘀水停证)大鼠AMPK、PGC-1α表达,改善心肌能量代谢。

基于细胞铜死亡分析香砂六君子汤减少脾虚高脂血症大鼠肝脏组织脂质沉积的作用机制

目的从细胞铜死亡的角度分析中药香砂六君子汤减少脾虚高脂血症大鼠肝脏组织脂质沉积的作用机制。方法将18只健康SD大鼠随机均分为正常组、脾虚高脂血症组、中药组。脾虚高脂血症组和中药组采用游泳力竭和高脂饲料喂养的复合方法造模,正常组仅给予普通饲料。造模12周后,中药组进行香砂六君子汤(11.34 g·kg-1)灌胃干预,正常组与脾虚高脂血症组给予同体积0.9%氯化钠溶液灌胃,灌胃干预4周后检测各组大鼠血脂指标[总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)]、肝脏脂积变化;PCR Array技术检测与铜死亡相关基因的表达。结果与正常组比较,脾虚高脂血症组血清中TC、TG、LDL-C水平显著升高(P<0.01),HDL-C水平显著降低(P<0.01);脾虚高脂血症组大鼠肝脏脂质沉积明显。与脾虚高脂血症组比较,中药组TC、TG、LDL-C水平显著降低(P<0.01),HDL-C水平显著升高(P<0.01);中药组大鼠肝脏脂质沉积明显减少。PCR Array共检测出11个铜死亡相关基因。与正常组比较,脾虚高脂血症组肝脏铜死亡差异表达基因7个;与脾虚高脂血症组比较,中药组肝脏铜死亡差异表达基因6个;脾虚高脂血症组与中药组铜死亡共同差异表达基因5个。脾虚高脂血症组与正常组、中药组与脾虚高脂血症组差异表达均发生上调≥1倍或下调≤1倍的基因3个,2种比较方法结果取交集,共同的差异表达基因为Dld和Gls,这2个基因均能够调控线粒体铜死亡水平。qPCR验证结果显示,Dld基因表达与PCR芯片结果一致。结论肝脏铜死亡相关基因(Dld、Gls)表达异常可能是血脂代谢异常的潜在机制,也可能是香砂六君子汤防治脾虚高脂血症的重要作用靶标。

参杞强精颗粒对慢性疲劳综合征脾肾阳虚证大鼠免疫调节作用研究

目的:探讨参杞强精颗粒对慢性疲劳综合征(CFS)脾肾阳虚证模型大鼠的影响以及免疫调节作用。方法:将50只无特定病原体(SPF)级健康雄性斯泼累格·多雷(SD)大鼠随机分为正常对照组,模型对照组,参杞强精颗粒高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组,采用游泳力竭实验造成大鼠体力疲劳,慢性束缚应激造成大鼠心理疲劳,同时给予番泻叶煎煮液灌胃造成脾肾阳虚证候,构建CFS脾肾阳虚证大鼠模型,造模成功后分别按照各组剂量灌胃,连续给药21 d后,测定各组大鼠的胸腺和脾脏指数,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)浓度以及细胞因子白细胞介素2(IL-2)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)和γ干扰素(IFN-γ)含量,MTT法检测脾脏T、B淋巴细胞增殖能力,流式细胞法检测各组大鼠外周血T淋巴细胞亚群分布情况。结果:行为学结果显示,模型大鼠的体质量增长缓慢,精神萎靡,摄食水量减少,活动减少,便质稀软,力竭游泳时间减少,悬尾静止时间增加。药物干预后,与模型组比较,各给药组大鼠精神状态、体质量、摄食水量均显著改善,力竭游泳时间增加、悬尾静止时间减少(P<0.01或P<0.05);参杞强精颗粒各剂量组能显著提升大鼠胸腺和脾脏指数,提高IgG、Ig M、IgA浓度和IL-2、IL-6、IFN-γ的含量,显著提高脾脏T、B淋巴细胞增殖能力,也能提高CD3+、CD4+T淋巴细胞百分率和CD4+/CD8+T比值,降低CD8+T淋巴细胞百分率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:参杞强精颗粒能显著改善慢性疲劳综合征脾肾阳虚证大鼠免疫功能,缓解疲劳症状,且具有很好的免疫调节作用。

脾虚泄泻模型大鼠肠组织结构及分泌型免疫球蛋白A含量变化研究

为研究脾虚泄泻大鼠肠道结构和肠道分泌型免疫球蛋白A的变化,试验选取24只健康SD大鼠,雌雄各半,随机分为脾虚泄泻模型组和空白对照组,在不同阶段采用“饮食失调+苦寒泻下”的方法人工复制大鼠脾虚泄泻模型,连续14 d监测大鼠的采食量、饮水量、精神状态、粪便等临床特征变化,记录第7天和第14天时大鼠的空腹体质量,采集小肠组织进行结构观察,并测定盲肠内容物中分泌型免疫球蛋白A的含量。结果表明,与空白对照组相比,模型组大鼠在试验期间出现粪便稀溏、食欲下降、消瘦、蜷缩扎堆、精神萎靡等临床症状;与空白对照组相比,模型组大鼠的体质量显著降低(P<0.05);模型组大鼠十二指肠绒毛高度,空肠隐窝深度、绒毛高度、绒毛宽度,回肠隐窝深度和绒毛宽度均显著低于空白对照组(P<0.05);模型组大鼠十二指肠隐窝深度、绒毛宽度及回肠绒毛高度均极显著低于空白对照组(P<0.01);模型组大鼠小肠不同段的绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值均低于空白对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);模型组大鼠盲肠内容物中sIgA含量极显著低于空白对照组(P<0.01)。结果提示,本试验成功建立了脾虚泄泻大鼠模型,脾虚泄泻可损伤大鼠小肠黏膜结构并降低盲肠中sIgA含量。

开玄泄浊方对阳虚型银屑病大鼠外周血Th细胞平衡及相关细胞因子表达的影响

目的:探究开玄泄浊方对阳虚型银屑病大鼠外周血辅助性T细胞17(Th17)/调节性T细胞(Treg)平衡及相关细胞因子表达的影响。方法:将72只大鼠随机分为空白对照组(16只)、模型组(56只)。所有大鼠背部脱毛后,空白对照组大鼠外涂凡士林,模型组大鼠予5%咪喹莫特乳膏外用+大黄灌胃建立阳虚型银屑病SD大鼠模型。将50只造模成功大鼠随机分为模型对照组、雷公藤多苷片组和开玄泄浊方低、中、高剂量组,每组10只。各组大鼠予以相应药物灌胃干预,1次/d,连续7 d。观察并记录大鼠背部皮损银屑病面积与严重性指数(PASI)评分,流式细胞仪检测外周血Th17/Treg比例,ELISA法检测白介素-17(IL-17)、转化生长因子β(TGF-β)水平,并取背部皮肤行病理组织切片观察。结果:与模型对照组比较,雷公藤多苷片组和开玄泄浊方低、中、高剂量组PASI评分、Th17/Treg比例、IL-17水平下降(P<0.05),TGF-β水平上升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:开玄泄浊方治疗阳虚型银屑病的机制可能与调节Th17/Treg比例及相关因子的表达有关。