Research on the Internal Talent Training Path and Performance Evaluation Mechanism of New R&D Institutions in Zhejiang Province

New research and development(R&D)institutions are an important part of the national innovation system,playing an important role in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.In recent years,new R&D institutions have gradually become the driving force of innovation-driven development in China.Taking new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province as the research object,this paper studies the internal talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province by using the literature research method,comparison method,case verification method,and other methods.The investigation results show that there are problems such as lack of material and spiritual support and neglect of the absorption of local talents in the internal talent training,and there are problems such as unclear standards,insufficient data,and opaque processes in the performance evaluation mechanism,which greatly affect the establishment and improvement of the performance evaluation mechanism.Given the above problems,this paper puts forward a forward-looking,oriented,flexible,and compatible talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism,hoping to optimize the effective internal talent training path of new R&D institutions,improve the evaluation performance,and promote healthy development of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province.

Driving Mechanism of Cultivated Land Transition in Yantai Proper,Shandong Province,China

Cultivated land transition and its driving mechanism are the hotspots among studies on land use change. In this study, we constructed a framework to study the driving mechanism of cultivated land transition from the quantitative perspective. Based on the vector data of land use in 1990, 2000 and 2009 of Yantai Proper, Shandong Province China, 11 explanatory variables were chosen from two aspects: the elevation, slope, cost distance to major water area and cost distance to minor water area, which presented physical factors; cost distance to district center, cost distance to town center, cost distance to city expansion center, cost distance to major roads, cost distance to city roads, cost distance to county roads and cost distance to rural roads, which presented the socio-economic factors. Combined with spatial analysis tools and Logistic regression analysis model, we construct Logistic regression analyses with four objectives that were urban construction land, rural residential land, orchard and other lands. The results show that, cost distance to district center, cost distance to town center, cost distance to city expansion center and cost distance to city roads are the significant explanatory variables for the transition of cultivated land into urban construction land. The main explained factors on the transition of cultivated land into rural residential land are slope, cost distance to town center, cost distance to county roads and cost distance to rural roads. Slope, cost distance to minor water area, cost distance to town center, cost distance to county roads and cost distance to rural roads are the significant explanatory variables for the transition of cultivated land into orchard land. Elevation, slope, cost distance to major water area and cost distance to minor water area are the main explanatory variables on the transition of cultivated land into other land uses.

Outdoor Domestication Cultivation and Survival Mechanism for Tissue Culture Seedlings of Paeonia suffruticosa

In order to reveal the differences between different peony varieties and facilities,thousands of tissue culture seedlings of 21 Itoh peony varieties imported from abroad were used as test materials,and the peony domestication cultivation method used in the past was used as a control. The technical measures and mechanisms for the outdoor domestication of seedlings and the survival of field transplantation were studied. The results indicate that the main factors and measures for effectively protecting the outdoor transplanting of tissue culture seedlings include cultivating sound and strong seedlings,transplanting in proper period of spring,and providing good ventilating places and facilities,removing leaves,keeping buds and releasing dormancy before transplantation,planting depth should meet the requirement of exposing to the root neck,changing the pots according to the size of seedlings,the substrate should be loose and permeable,seriously disinfected and sterilized,scientific management,and prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. In addition,the survival mechanism was also analyzed,and the reasons and countermeasures for the successful application of peony tissue culture in China were found. Finally,the differences in survival rates between different varieties and facilities were summarized.

Breeding and Mechanized Cultivation of the New Bulk Purple Yam Variety Suyu 2

The new bulk purple yam variety Suyu 2,which had high quality,efficiency and was suitable for production in a highly mechanized cultivation,was bred by special and was suitable for whole-course mechanized cultivation.Integrated with agricultural machinery and agricultural trait,four kinds of machines produced by two factories from Jiangsu and Shandong could complete 10 kinds of main production processes,including rotary tillage,ridging,sowing,intertillage,topdressing,drug delivery,weeding,hilling,vine cutting and harvest.The work efficiency of single machine was 4-5 hm^2/d,and the production pattern got the cost saving and effectiveness increasing in the main yam producing area.The benefit reached over RMB 37500 yuan/hm^2 in special vegetable area.It was simple,feasible and easy to popularize the mechanization cultivation technique.

Realistic Significance and Practical Exploration of Cultivating New Professional Farmers in China

Firstly, the background, ways, countermeasures, problems and realistic significance of cultivating new professional farmers in China were studied, and then the mechanism for cultivating new professional farmers was discussed based on Town S. The results show that cultivating new professional farmers can fundamentally relieve "three rural issues" existing for a long time and is of great significance to rural economic development. For instance, it can integrate rural human capital and release modern productivity, increase farmers' income and improve rural economy, increase land utilization and output per unit area, and break through the bottlenecks during agricultural development to realize agricultural modernization. According to the case study of Town S, during the process of cultivating new professional farmers, governments at all levels ought to adopt many effective measures and strengthen support to realize cultivation targets planed early.

Exploration and Practice of Personnel Cultivation for Agricultural Mechanization and Automation Specialities

Firstly, based on significance of developing agricultural mechanization and automation and current situations of agricultural mechanization and automation specialities in colleges and universities, we put forward objectives of personnel cultivation for agricultural mechanization and automation specialities. Then, we analyze the exploration and practice of personnel cultivation for agricultural mechanization and automation specialities from four aspects, including course system setting, teaching materials construction, laboratory construction, and construction of practical teaching link. Finally, it is expected to provide references for running schools and cultivating excellent professional personnel.

LEGO Mindstorms在农业信息与自动化技术课程教学中的应用研究

为了培养农业与生物系统工程类学生的创新能力,引导学生进行自主、探究式学习,在精细农业等农业信息和自动化技术类课程教学中应用LEGO Mindstorms组件作为教具,研制智能化可编程农机作业模拟系统。多组学生在Robolab编程环境下,使用此系统构建小型智能农业机械模型。结果表明,学生对这个实验项目的效果很满意。因为它不仅为学生提供了解决问题的技巧,提高了他们编程和机械设计等相关技能,同时有益于学生间形成团队协作的良好氛围。介绍了LEGO Mindstorms在相关农业信息课程教学中的探索应用以及实验结果。

Java反射机制在数据持久层轻量级ORM框架中的应用研究

分析了当前主流的数据持久层开发方法和框架的优缺点,介绍了Java语言的反射机制,提出了一个基于反射机制的轻量级ORM框架(Reflect-ORM),并利用Java反射机制和Java Bean技术对JDBC进行封装,实现了适合中小型Java Web应用快速开发的Reflect-ORM框架.

In situ measurements of winter wheat diurnal changes in photosynthesis and environmental factors reveal new insight into photosynthesis improvement by super-high-yield cultivation

In past 30 years, the wheat yield per unit area of China has increased by 79%. The super-high-yield(SH) cultivation played an important role in improving the wheat photosynthesis and yield. In order to find the ecophysiological mechanism underneath the high photosynthesis of SH cultivation, in situ diurnal changes in the photosynthetic gas exchange and chlorophyll(Chl) a fluorescence of field-grown wheat plants during the grain-filling stage and environmental factors were investigated. During the late grain-filling stage at 24 days after anthesis(DAA), the diurnal changes in net CO_(2) assimilation rate were higher under SH treatment than under high-yield(H) treatment. From 8 to 24 DAA, the actual quantum yield of photosystem II(PSII) electron transport in the light-adapted state(ΦPSII) in the flag leaves at noon under SH treatment were significantly higher than those under H treatment. The leaf temperature, soil temperature and soil moisture were better suited for higher rates of leaf photosynthesis under SH treatment than those under H treatment at noon. Such diurnal changes in environmental factors in wheat fields could be one of the mechanisms for the higher biomass and yield under SH cultivation than those under H cultivation. ΦPSII and CO_(2) exchange rate in wheat flag leaves under SH and H treatments had a linear correlation which could provide new insight to evaluate the wheat photosynthesis performance under different conditions.

Research Progress of High Yield Cultivation Mode of Rice

Optimized high-yielding cultivation is of great significance to ensure stable and high yield of rice in China. This paper reviewed several super high-yielding cultivation modes, analyzed the effects of different cultivation modes on rice agronomic traits and physiological characteristics, and discussed the advances in rice mechanized cultivation and mode. Finally, the future development prospects of rice cultivation were put forward.

Control of Quackgrass in Grasslands Using Different Mechanical Weeding Strategies

It is well known that quackgrass is both very aggressive and persistent. In agriculture, many attempts have been made to eliminate this weed without success. Within the context of a sustainable agriculture, mechanical control of quackgrass represents an interesting alternative to chemical means. The use of a ＂C＂ shaped mounted tine cultivator, a rotary cross-harrow, and an ＂S＂ shaped trailed tine cultivator （alone or in combination） to control quackgrass in grassland was investigated. The rate of quackgrass present in each experimental plot was determined before and after the treatments using a one square meter quadrant. Also, the time required for each passage as well as the fuel consumption were computed. Results revealed that the fuel consumption and the time required by the ＂C＂ and ＂S＂ shaped tine cultivators to transport and expose the rhizomes to the sun on the soil surface highly depend on the quality of tillage during the first stubble passage. Also, subsequent tillage with the ＂C＂ shaped tine cultivator after a first passage with a rotary cross-harrow resulted in less fuel consumption and passage time. On the other hand, stubble and subsequent soil tillage with only the ＂C＂ shaped tine cultivator is the least successful method.

Influence of Cutting Stages and Sugarcane Varieties on Sucrose Content in a Brazilian Power Plant with Mechanized Harvesting

This study, carried out in a sugarcane mill located in the center-west region of Sao Paulo state, Brazil, aimed to evaluate the association of sucrose amount （POL%） with sugarcane varieties and cutting stages using mechanized harvesting. A two-way analysis of variance （ANOVA）, complemented by multiple comparison tests, was used in order to identify the effects of variety types and cutting stages on the sugarcane POL% content. An interaction between the sugarcane variety and the cutting stage was observed; therefore, both two factors cannot be independently evaluated regarding POL%. In addition, it was found that the sucrose amount from the plant production in the evaluated period presented significant differences between the cutting stages only for one variety, namely CTC2, which was different from the others in most of the cutting stages. Considering the observed results, it can be concluded that analyzing sucrose amount statistically in the mill production can allow producers to posteriorly better monitor information on the sugarcane varieties harvested under mechanized processes.

Research on Dynamic Change of Regional Cultivated Land Quality and Its Influence Factors

According to the reason of quality change,cultivated land is divided into four change types: decrease,increase,land construction project and gradual change. Farmland grading factor method is used to evaluate the quality of cultivated land in Zhengzhou City. The results show that(1) the quality of cultivated land in Zhengzhou City has slightly increased during the study period. Due to the decrease in the amount of cultivated land,the production capacity has declined.(2) The impact of different types of cultivated land change on the quality of regional cultivated land is in the order of gradual change> decrease > increase > land construction project.(3) Zhengzhou City is able to maintain the quality of regional cultivated land through new cultivated land and project construction,but fails to maintain the production capacity. By analyzing the mechanism of regional cultivated land quality change in different types,the relationship between quality changes in various types of areas and overall quality changes could be analyzed,and it could provide policy recommendations for managers to formulate farmland quality and capacity protection,with significant application value.

Herbaceous Cultivation Test of Mulberry in Sichuan Sericultural Area

With Guiteyou 2 as the test mulberry variety, mulberry herbaceous cultivation field was established at the planting densities of 60 000,90 000 and 120 000 plants/hm2, respectively. Hybrid mulberry herbaceous cultivation test was conducted, with Tongxiangqing mulberry field of mid-fist-form at conventional planting density of 4 995 plants/hm2 as the control. The results showed that the leaf yield of herbaceous cultivation mulberry was closely related to the planting density. With the increasing planting density, the leaf yield per plant was decreasing, but the leaf yield per unit area of mulberry field was increasing. The annual leaf yield per unit area in the mulberry field with the average planting density of 120 000 plants/hm2 was 37 560 kg/hm2, 2.14 times of that of the control field. The moisture content of mulberry leaf in herbaceous cultivation field was 4.74% higher than the control; the contents of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and crude ash were 1.264%, 0.014%, 0.744% and 0.002%lower than the control, respectively. Comparison of leaf rearing with herbaceous cultivation mulberry and control mulberry showed that there was no significant difference in growth status of silkworm. The cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon yield per 10 000 larvae, cocoon filament length and non-broken filament length of Chuanshan × Shushui were 12.81%, 14.29%, 13.85%, 5.95% and 7.68% lower than the control, respectively; but the percentage of common cocoons was 0.16% higher than the control; the cleanness and neatness were 0.2 and 1.25 points higher than the control;the filament size was 0.196 dtex lower than the control. The cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon yield per 10 000 larvae, cocoon filament length and non-broken filament length of Jingsong × Haoyue were 11.06%, 10.20%, 11.53%, 9.46% and 9.03% lower than the control, respectively;but the percentage of common cocoons was 1.77% higher than the control; the cleanness and neatness were 0.12 and 2.50 points higher the control;and the filament size was 0.196 dtex lower than the control.

Study on Cultivated Land Resource Situation and Its Macro-Driving Forces in Yantai Area

According to the statistics of cultivated land in Yantai area during the Reform and Opening-up over the past 20 years and with the detailed survey and changing data of land use during the recent live years, this paper reveals the basic characteristics of the resource utilization, the basic process of the changes, regional differences, and current direction of cultivated land In addition, this paper makes a preliminary research on the major driving factors and the influence mechanism for the changes in the cultivated land area. and reaches the following conclasions： （1） There was a trend of obvious fluctuant decrease in cultivated laud area during the past 20 years. The changes of cultivated land have undergone the process - slow decrease,steep decrease, slow decrease. And there were three peak periods of cultivated land loss around 1985. 1987-1996 and 1991-1993 respectively （2） The decreased cultivated land was mainly converted into land for industry and mining, residential area. and all kinds of traffic and orchards. The increase of cultivated land mainly came from exploitation and land and arrangement and reclamation of industry and mining land （3） The economic development. population growth and policy are the dominant macro-driving factors for the decrease of cultivated land area in Yantai. The obvious sudden changes during the change process of cultivated land acreage are relevant to the national macro.policies background The rapid decrease of cnltivated land area is synchronous with the overheated economic growth resulting from the direct investment in fixed assets. Spatial distribution of the decrease in cultivated land is congruous with the differences in speed and the scale of economic growth between the different regions of Yantai area. Furthermore. the decrease in cultivated land caused by population increase cannot be ignored.

新工科理念下学科交叉机械电子工程人才培养模式探索

围绕新时代国家科技发展对复合型人才的需求,基于拥有的学科资源和学科特色,文中提出了新工科理念下的机械化、信息化和智能化三化融合的学科交叉人才培养体系,详细介绍了“三化融合”的人才培养目标及人才培养模式。实践证明,“三化融合”的机械电子工程专业教学创新人才培养模式可以有效提升复合型人才培养的质量。

高产高抗宜机收玉米新品种陇单639的选育及栽培

培育高产、稳产籽粒直收玉米品种是玉米产业机械化发展的基本保障。为解决甘肃近年来玉米产业发展中存在的农业劳动力紧缺、玉米生产机械化程度低、宜机械收获籽粒品种缺少等问题,甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所玉米遗传育种团队通过种质资源改良、双单倍体诱导加倍、多环境胁迫选育、多生态区联合鉴定等技术,以自育自交系Z39-1为母本、DH系DHZ62-53为父本选育出了高产高抗宜机收玉米新品种陇单639。在2020-2021年进行的甘肃省玉米机收组区域试验中,陇单6392a10点(次)收获时籽粒平均水分含量为237.5g/kg,平均破损率为4.0%,平均折合产量为16095.0kg/hm^(2),较对照品种先玉335增产5.9%。在2022年进行的甘肃省玉米机收组生产试验中,5试点平均籽粒水分含量为209.0g/kg,籽粒破损率为4.0%,平均折合产量为15012.0kg/hm^(2),较对照品种先玉335增产6.4%。陇单639生育期平均为140d,株型半紧凑,株高290cm,筒型果穗,半马齿型籽粒,穗长19.6cm,穗行数16行,穗轴红色,籽粒黄色,千粒重419g左右。高抗禾谷镰孢茎腐病,中抗丝黑穗病、大斑病,感禾谷镰孢穗腐病。陇单639籽粒含粗蛋白为87.10g/kg、粗脂肪为369.0g/kg、粗淀粉为766.70g/kg、赖氨酸为2.97g/kg,容重为728g/L。同时该品种表现出高产、稳产、抗倒伏、脱水快等特点,在成熟后田间可站秆20d以上,具备机械收获籽粒品种的主要特征。适宜在甘肃省中晚熟春玉米类型区机收种植。

导师“立德树人”育人能力的提升策略与评价机制

当前国际环境纷繁复杂,国内发展面临新挑战,经济下行压力进一步加大,牢牢把握研究生教育的政治方向,对推动科技创新、促进社会发展具有关键作用。为此,根据研究生招生规模与研究生教育质量之间的不协调,提出导师育人能力的提升途径和方法。通过明确导师育人为本、德育为先的重要性,从治身、治学、育心、育才四个方面建立合理的研究生导师评价体系。导师育人能力是提升研究生培养质量的关键,导师评价体系则是促进导师育人能力的保障,两者相辅相成,为发挥研究生导师“立德树人”第一责任人的作用在培养模式和制度举措方面提供理论指导。

产教融合型企业培育:政策逻辑、价值意蕴与机制构建

产教融合型企业是发挥重要办学主体作用,与院校开展融合育人活动,并经过培育认证、具有较强示范作用的企业。产教融合型企业培育是高等职业教育产教融合政策落地的具体表现,具有推动企业经济价值和教育价值相统一、促进高等职业院校供给和企业需求相融合、提升高等职业院校人才培养质量、增强高等职业教育产教融合发展的示范效应。可以从架构多元参与机制、完善统筹协调机制、健全利益激励机制和优化监督评价机制入手,培育高质量产教融合型企业。

机收玉米新品种牡单27的选育及栽培技术

为了促进机收玉米杂交种牡单27高产栽培的推广与应用,本文介绍了牡单27的选育过程、特征特性、产量表现及栽培管理技术要点。牡单27是黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院以玉米自交系My313为母本,以玉米自交系gl288为父本杂交选育而成,适合籽粒机械收获的玉米新品种。2021年参加黑龙江省第一积温带机收组区域试验平均产量10437.4 kg·hm^(-2),较对照品种益农玉10号增产2.9%;于2022年参加黑龙江省第一积温带机收组生产试验,平均产量达到13158.2 kg·hm^(-2),较对照品种益农玉10号增产7.9%。2023年牡单27通过了黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会的审定(审定编号:黑审玉20230044)。该品种具有耐密、优质、脱水快等特点,为适宜机械化收获的玉米新品种,在黑龙江省春播生育期为120 d,适宜在黑龙江省第一积温带需≥10℃积温2700℃及其他生态条件相近地区种植。