STUDY ON UV CURABLE POWDER COATINGS BASED ON HYPERBRANCHED POLYMERS

By introducing semicrystalline moieties into hyperbranched molecular smictures three kinds of prepolymers of potential use as UV powder coatings were prepared and characterized.

Structure-dependent re-dispersibility of graphene oxide powders prepared by fast spray drying

The graphene oxide powder(GOP)obtained from the spray drying process often exhibits poor redispersibility which is considered due to the partial reduction of GO sheets.The reduction of drying temperature can effectively increase the redispersibility of GOP,but result in a decreased drying efficiency.Herein,we found that the redispersibility of GOP is strongly affected by its microstructure,which is determined by the feed concentration.With the increase of feed concentration,the GO nanosheet assembly varies from the disordered stacking to relatively oriented assembly,making the morphology of the GOP transform from balllike(the most crumpled one)to flakelike(the least crumpled one),and the 0.8 mgml 1 is the threshold concentration for the morphology,structure,and redispersibility change.Once the feed concentration reaches 0.8 mg ml 1,the appearance of the nematic phase in droplet ensures the relatively oriented assembly of GO sheets to form the layered structure with a low crumpling degree,which greatly improves the polar parts surface tension of the solid GOP,making the GOP easier to form hydrogen bonding with water during the redispersion process,thus stabilizing dispersion.This work provides useful information for understanding the relationships between the morphology,microstructure,and final redispersibility of GOPs.

Selective laser sintering mechanism of polymer-coated molybdenum powder

A type of polymer-coated molybdenum powder used in selective laser sintering technology was prepared by coating polymer on molybdenum particles and frozen grinding techniques, with the maximum particle diameter of 71 μm. The laser sintering experiments of polymer-coated molybdenum powder were conducted by using the self-developed selective laser sintering machine (HLRP-350I). The method of microscopic analysis was used to investigate the dynamic laser sintering process of polymer-coated molybdenum powder. Based on the study, the laser sintering mechanisms of polymer-coated molybdenum powder were presented. It is found that the mechanism is viscous flow when the laser sintering temperature is between 100 ℃ and 160 ℃, which can be described by a two-sphere model; and the mechanism is melting /solidification when the temperature is above 160 ℃.

Numerical simulation of temperature field during selective laser sintering of polymer-coated molybdenum powder

The technology of length-alterable line-scanning laser sintering was introduced. Based on the research of laser heating property, powder thermal physics parameters and laser sintering process, a numerical model of the temperature field during length-alterable line-scanning and laser sintering of polymer-coated molybdenum powder was presented. Finite element method (FEM) was used to simulate the temperature field during laser sintering process. In order to verify the simulated results, a measuring system was developed to study the laser sintering temperature field. Infrared meter was introduced to measure the surface temperature of sintering powder; the temperature of its inside part was measured by thermocouple. The measured results were compared with the numerical simulation results; the conformity between them is good and the relative error is less than 5%.

Selective laser sintering of polymer-coated Al_2O_3/ZrO_2/TiC ceramic powder

A type of polymer-coated Al2O3/ZrO2/TiC ceramic powder was prepared. The laser sintering mechanism of polymer-coated Al2O3/ZrO2/TiC powder was investigated by studying the dynamic laser sintering process. It is found that the mechanism is viscous flow when the sintering temperature is between 80 ℃ and 120 ℃, and it is melting/solidification when the temperature is above 120 ℃. The process parameters of selective laser sintering were optimized by using ortho-design method. The results show that the optimal parameters include laser power of 14 W, scanning velocity of 1 400 mm/s, preheating temperature of 50 ℃ and powder depth of 0.15 mm. A two-step post-treatment process is adopted to improve the mechanical properties of laser sintered part, which includes polymer debinding and high temperature sintering. After vacuum sintering for 2 h at 1 650 ℃, the bending strength and fracture toughness of Al2O3/ZrO2/TiC ceramic part reach 358 MPa and 6.9 MPa·m1/2, respectively.

Advances in selective laser sintering of polymers

Polymers are widely used materials in aerospace,automotive,construction,medical devices and pharmaceuticals.Polymers are being promoted rapidly due to their ease of manufacturing and improved material properties.Research on polymer processing technology should be paid more attention to due to the increasing demand for polymer applications.Selective laser sintering(SLS)uses a laser to sinter powdered materials(typical polyamide),and it is one of the critical additive manufacturing(AM)techniques of polymer.It irradiates the laser beam on the defined areas by a computer-aided design three-dimensional(3D)model to bind the material together to create a designed 3D solid structure.SLS has many advantages,such as no support structures and excellent mechanical properties resembling injection moulded parts compared with other AM methods.However,the ability of SLS to process polymers is still affected by some defects,such as the porous structure and limited available types of SLS polymers.Therefore,this article reviews the current state-of-the-art SLS of polymers,including the fundamental principles in this technique,the SLS developments of typical polymers,and the essential process parameters in SLS.Furthermore,the applications of SLS are focused,and the conclusions and perspectives are discussed.

Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Composite Materials Produced with Different Ceramic Powders

In this study, production and mechanical properties of polymer composite materials obtained by using Al2O3, SiO2, MgO and TiO2 hard ceramic fillers were studied. Epoxy resin was used as the matrix material, and four different ceramic powders were mechanically mixed into the resin at 3% and 5% as reinforcement. The mechanical properties of the polymer composite materials were then characterized. For this purpose, flexural modulus and flexural strength of composite materials were determined by using three point bending test and impact toughness of the materials were determined by Charpy impact test. In addition, the hardness values of the samples were determined by Shore D hardness test.

改性干粉型聚合物水泥砂浆试验研究

本文研究两种不同的可再分散乳胶粉(醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物和醋酸乙烯/叔碳酸乙烯酯共聚物)对干粉型聚合物水泥砂浆力学性能、粘结强度、吸水率、干燥收缩的性能影响。结果表明,可再分散乳胶粉的掺量、类型对聚合物水泥砂浆的性能影响较大,力学性能较普通水泥砂浆有明显的提升和改善。可再分散乳胶粉的加入虽然降低了砂浆的抗压强度,但显著提高了抗折强度和折压比,改善了砂浆的柔韧性和抗裂能力;砂浆的干燥收缩、粘结强度和吸水率等性能均有较为明显的改善。

石粉替代率对聚合物机制砂粘结砂浆性能及微细观结构的影响

为研究凝灰岩石粉在聚合物粘结砂浆中应用的可行性,分析了石粉部分替代水泥对聚合物粘结砂浆工作性能及力学性能的影响规律,并采用压汞法(MIP)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)试验研究砂浆内部孔结构及水化产物微观形貌的变化规律。结果表明:凝灰岩石粉在聚合物粘结砂浆中具有较好的适用性;砂浆强度随石粉替代率的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,在替代率为15%(质量分数,下同)时,砂浆7 d、28 d抗折强度、抗压强度和粘结强度达到最大值,此时工作性能也较优。当石粉替代率不大于15%时,其对粘结砂浆微细观结构的影响以填充效应和晶核效应为主,可有效改善砂浆内部密实度,且有利于内部孔结构向少害孔和无害孔发展;当石粉替代率为15%时,H_(2)O、OH^(-)、CO_(3)^(2-)等特征振动峰强度最高,即此时内部水化最为充分;当石粉替代率超过15%时,石粉对粘结砂浆工作性能、力学性能和微细观结构均产生不利的影响。

VAE乳胶粉与偏高岭土聚合物改性防水砂浆性能研究

为了提高普通砂浆抗渗性能,提出了一种将有机聚合物与无机矿物相结合、并内掺有机硅赋予普通砂浆优良抗渗性能的试验研究。通过对防水砂浆抗压强度、抗折强度、抗渗强度、吸水率的测定分析,得到了高性能的聚合物改性防水砂浆。研究结果表明:(1)可再分散乳胶粉在水泥砂浆中形成的膜结构,会显著降低抗压强度而提高抗渗强度,适宜掺量应为水泥质量的3%;(2)偏高岭土具有的火山灰活性,可与水化产物发生二次反应,但应注意掺量与力学性能的关系,不宜大于6%;(3)聚硅氧烷在砂浆中形成的有机硅憎水基团,可以赋予防水砂浆优良憎水性,从而提高抗渗强度降低吸水率,掺量为0.5%时综合性能最优;(4)聚合物改性防水砂浆在具有良好力学性能的同时,抗渗强度从最初的1.0 MPa升至2.3 MPa,吸水率从7.7%降至5.2%,各项性能均远超国家规范对聚合物防水砂浆的要求。该研究成果可为防水砂浆的推广使用及改性研究提供参考。

超吸水聚合物对碱激发泡沫混凝土性能的影响

【目的】研究超吸水聚合物(super‐absorbent polymer,SAP)对提升以矿渣和再生微粉为主要材料的碱激发泡沫混凝土性能的影响。【方法】调节SAP预吸NaOH溶液的质量分数和SAP掺量(质量分数,下同),考察其对碱激发泡沫混凝土的流动性、吸水率、凝结时间、导热系数、孔隙结构及强度的影响;借助扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶红外光谱分析,从微观角度揭示SAP对泡沫混凝土性能影响机制。【结果】随着SAP掺量的增加,碱激发泡沫混凝土的流动度、凝结时间和导热系数呈下降趋势,但吸水率增大。SAP的掺入会导致碱激发泡沫混凝土孔隙率增大和孔隙分布的改变,掺入预吸水和预吸质量分数为0.4%的NaOH溶液的SAP后,增大了碱激发泡沫混凝土中孔隙直径大于550μm的孔隙比例;掺入预吸质量分数为0.9%的NaOH溶液的SAP后,则增大了碱激发泡沫混凝土中孔隙直径小于250μm的孔隙比例。适量的掺入SAP可以显著改善碱激发泡沫混凝土的抗压、抗折强度,当SAP预吸质量分数为0.4%的NaOH溶液且掺量为0.10%时,碱激发泡沫混凝土的抗压、抗折强度最高。【结论】SAP预吸NaOH溶液处理后,可以明显改善碱激发泡沫混凝土的工作性能、孔隙结构和力学性能。

早高强单层喷锚衬砌在隧道支护中的应用研究

本文以某隧道斜井为工程依托,对早高强单层喷锚衬砌材料组成及其在斜井中的施作效果进行分析。研究结果表明:早高强单层喷锚衬砌中超微粉复合掺合料的最优混合掺量为30%,联合新型纳米晶胶聚合物应用而使得抗压强度提升15.4%;纳米晶胶聚合物喷射混凝土具有回弹率低、抗渗性能好、强度高等优异特性,其中回弹率为3.4%,28d抗渗性能> P12,6h抗压强度为7.1MPa。本文提出的早高强单层喷锚衬砌施工工艺及工艺参数具有较好的控制效果。

不同水泥取代率下喷射混凝土的抗压性能研究

本文以广西平昭高速狮子山隧道为依托工程,创新研发纳米晶胶聚合物-高活性岩粉用于隧道喷射混凝土中,探究新型喷射混凝土的工作性能及抗压力学性能,并通过离散元数值模拟进行细观分析。研究提出,在30%水泥用量取代率下,纳米晶胶聚合物-高活性岩粉能够较好地提升喷射混凝土的早期强度,而在25%水泥用量取代率下的纳米晶胶聚合物-高活性岩粉对于喷射混凝土的后期强度能够发挥较好保障作用,纳米晶胶聚合物-高活性岩粉的联合作用能够在喷射混凝土中发挥较好的抗压性能及碳减排优势。

废旧胶粉改性及其在聚合物中的应用

概述了废旧胶粉的改性方法,包括物理改性法、化学改性法和微生物改性法,以及废旧胶粉在聚合物中的应用。

聚合物水泥防水涂料用苯丙乳液的研制及其各因素影响研究

通过预乳化半连续种子乳液聚合法自制了JS防水涂料专用苯丙乳液,并由此制备了聚合物水泥防水涂料。研究了乳化剂用量及其分配对苯丙乳液粒径及其吸水率的影响,同时通过尝试不同的方法降低乳液残留单体减少VOC排放。在自制苯丙乳液的基础上探究不同液粉比对聚合物水泥防水涂料拉伸性能的影响,通过添加一些不同的助剂来提升聚合物水泥防水涂料的综合性能。

轻质聚合物干粉抹面砂浆抗压强度与抗冻性

外墙抹面砂浆作为建筑物外表层常年受到冻害侵扰,为有效缓解冻害破坏及厘清劣化机理。以空心漂珠作细集料,掺入聚合物干粉与重钙制备不同水灰比的轻质抹面砂浆,通过正交试验,揭示水灰比、可再分散乳胶粉掺量及重钙掺量对抗压强度和抗冻性能的影响规律,并探讨砂浆性能变化的微观机理。结果表明:水灰比对抗压强度影响显著,可再分散乳胶粉掺量次之,重钙掺量影响最小。对于抗冻性能可再分散乳胶粉掺量影响显著,重钙掺量影响最小;在不同养护龄期下,水灰比对抗压强度影响较大,可再分散乳胶粉掺量对抗冻性能影响较大。若将水灰比控制在0.35附近,可再分散乳胶粉掺量与重钙掺量保持在3%以内,虽然抗压强度小幅降低,但抗冻性能优异。综合考虑抗压强度和抗冻性能的实际需求,外墙抹面砂浆的抗冻性能重要程度远大于抗压强度,基于此,可确定干粉抹灰的最优配比为水灰比0.37、可再分散乳胶粉掺量2.8%、重钙掺量3.9%。此外,也可结合实际工作环境与工程要求,设计不同配比的干粉抹灰。

聚合物水泥防水涂料的制备及其性能研究

以丙烯酸乳液为基体液料,水泥、重钙及河砂为粉料,配以多种助剂制备了聚合物水泥防水涂料,探究了不同液粉比对聚合物水泥防水涂料拉伸性能、低温柔性、耐水性及粘结强度的影响,并确定了最优液粉比;经过浸水处理、碱处理、热处理对最优液粉比配方涂层的耐久性进行探究。试验结果表明:当涂料液粉比为1:1.2时制备的聚合物水泥防水涂料性能最佳,在此配比下进行浸水处理、碱处理及热处理后,聚合物水泥防水涂料的拉伸性能及粘结强度均符合GB/T 23445—2009《聚合物水泥防水涂料》中Ⅱ型产品的性能要求,表现出良好的耐久性。

聚合物胶粉改性水泥加固砂浆的制备及性能研究

结合特殊工程加固施工需求,采用不同掺量的聚合物胶粉对加固砂浆进行了改性,制备了高性能聚合物水泥加固砂浆,并从工作性、力学性能、黏结性能等方面对其性能进行了研究。结果表明:随着聚合物胶粉掺量的增加,砂浆的可操作时间、凝结时间延长,劈裂抗拉强度增加,抗压、抗折强度降低,但降幅不大;聚合物胶粉的最佳掺量为1.0%,此时对砂浆与钢丝绳的黏结抗剪强度、与混凝土的正拉黏结强度有所改善;自制的加固砂浆具有较好的拉拔强度,且可使混凝土基材内聚破坏,大板模拟试验拉拔测试得到其28 d平均拉拔强度达1.78 MPa,性能良好。

SiC聚合物前驱体和Zn粉复合对Al_(2)O_(3)-C不烧滑板材料性能的影响

为提高Al_(2)O_(3)-C不烧滑板材料的中低温强度,首先将质量比为1∶0.15∶2.7∶0.03的蔗糖、六水合硝酸镍、正硅酸乙酯、草酸水溶液依次添加至乙醇水溶液中,经110℃干燥18 h后得到SiC聚合物前驱体,然后以板状刚玉、α-Al_(2)O_(3)微粉、鳞片石墨为主要原料,复合添加SiC聚合物前驱体和Zn粉,在150 MPa下压制成150 mm×25 mm×25 mm的坯体试样,经180℃固化24 h后,在埋碳条件下经600、800、1000、1200和1400℃热处理3 h。研究了SiC聚合物前驱体和Zn粉复合添加对Al_(2)O_(3)-C材料性能的影响。结果表明:SiC聚合物前驱体和Zn粉的最佳添加量(w)分别为4.5%和1.5%,此时Al_(2)O_(3)-C材料综合性能最优。低温时Zn粉熔融,在材料体系中形成金属结合相;中温时SiC聚合物前驱体发生热解反应及Zn粉气化的催化作用,使体系形成SiC纤维结合相;二者共同作用,赋予Al_(2)O_(3)-C不烧滑板材料较高的中低温强度,克服了现有材料使用过程中因强度过低导致的失效问题。

基于太钢粉煤灰-矿粉-脱硫石膏制备固废聚合物材料的技术研究

以粉煤灰、矿粉和脱硫石膏作为碱性固废制备新型低碳绿色废聚合材料,并围绕废聚合材料水化过程中3种固废间复合协同效应、性能变化与微结构演变的关系展开研究,通过不同的矿粉、粉煤灰、脱硫石膏添加量对制品性能的影响,得到最优配比,最后应用到实际生产上,为企业实现降本增效的目的。