Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Reports show continued patient satisfaction after surgery despite not maintaining clinical imp...Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Reports show continued patient satisfaction after surgery despite not maintaining clinical improvement as measured by evolution scales. Objectives: The present study sought to explore expectations and level of satisfaction in patients after DBS surgery with a semi-structured questionnaire and subsequent correlation with functional scales, Quality of Life (QoL), and motor and non-motor symptoms. Methods: We performed descriptive statistics to represent demographic data, Wilcoxon rank tests to determine significant differences, and Spearman correlation between the applied scales. Results: We evaluated 20 patients with a history of DBS surgery. 45% were female, with a mean age of 55.7 ± 14.15 years, a mean disease duration of 13.42 ± 8.3 years, and a mean time after surgery of 3.18 ± 1.86 years. Patients reported surgery meeting expectations in 85.5% and continued satisfaction in 92%. These two variables showed a significant correlation. Conclusions: This sample of patients remained satisfied after DBS surgery, although we found no differences in motor and non-motor clinimetric scales. Further studies are needed to confirm the importance of assessing quality of life in patients with DBS.展开更多
The phenomenon of Cenozoic migrant worker shortage is a realism problem of China's enterprise, and Cenozoic migrant worker has become an important force occupied the social structure. So the study of Cenozoic migr...The phenomenon of Cenozoic migrant worker shortage is a realism problem of China's enterprise, and Cenozoic migrant worker has become an important force occupied the social structure. So the study of Cenozoic migrant worker's status and the demand is imperative. Understand employees' both psychological and physiological satisfaction of enterprises' environmental factors, and make some corresponding changes is of great help to reduce the employee turnover rate. This paper commenced to research from the Cenozoic migrant worker 's characteristics, analyzed conditions and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures.展开更多
The aim of the article is to determine the extent to which customer satisfaction's in the e-banking in Semnan area had organizational and customer readiness for developing their services. One of the most important se...The aim of the article is to determine the extent to which customer satisfaction's in the e-banking in Semnan area had organizational and customer readiness for developing their services. One of the most important sectors that plays key role for grasping developed condition is banking sector. Banks like other institutions also look for augmenting their profits and increasing their strength by expansion. The designing of bank must involve selection of those that have sufficient success potential. Hence, from several factors of success, the following three criteria factors have been: selected-customer satisfied, one dimensional, and product fully functional. These factors offers three question multi criteria group extracted from a 16 norms. Also, three criteria factors have been studied over a period of five years and important criteria for evaluating the norms. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been employed to calculate the success potential of each norm. The empirical data comprises the longitudinal survey of the agricultural banking of the Semnan province. The paper, also, finds that product fully functional is placed as the first priority.展开更多
The current research aims to find out whether the model of the retailer's relational satisfaction, developed in a western setting is relevant in a different economic and cultural field of investigation: the Tunisian...The current research aims to find out whether the model of the retailer's relational satisfaction, developed in a western setting is relevant in a different economic and cultural field of investigation: the Tunisian post 2011 revolution's emerging context, and in a different industry: the retail industry. It explores the distinctive economic and cultural features that affect the retailer's relational satisfaction with its consumer goods manufacturers. The study employs a survey based on a face-to-face administered questionnaire. Two hundred and thirty four responses from a survey with Tunisian retailers as well as international retailers operating in Tunisia were obtained. All constructs are measured using five-point Likert type scales (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). Analyses are conducted using exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis. The results support the original model with however some differences derived from the Tunisian economic setting as a whole, the characteristics of the Tunisian consumer goods industry as well as the clan characteristic feature of the Tunisian collectivistic culture. Thus, the amount of discounts obtained, does no longer contribute to the retailer's economic satisfaction. Moreover, when it comes to social satisfaction, the respondents get uncomfortable, even to deal with a potential negative interaction with their suppliers. For retail companies involved in internationalization in the Maghreb Region, and especially in Tunisia, it seems that other competitive advantages than prices are to be developed, such as the development of private label or other services that create positive perceived value for the Tunisian customer. From a cultural standpoint, western managers have rather to go away from a formalized channel relationship management, while taking into account the importance of interpersonal influence. The study sheds light on the heterogeneity of the so-called Arab-Muslim world. This is highlighted in the management of channel relationship in Tunisia, that is influenced by: (1) The government's price regulation and control, especially in many food products; (2) The relative weak importance of discounts in gaining retailer's economic satisfaction; (3) The reshaping of the local retailing sector due to the arrival of international retail companies; (4) The clan feature of the Tunisian collectivistic culture that advocates putting priority on interpersonal influence in channel relationship's management.展开更多
<strong>Introduction: </strong>Cancer is one of the most devastating pathologies to affect the breast. Mastectomy stigmas are associated with depression, body image dysmorphia, and decreasing quality of li...<strong>Introduction: </strong>Cancer is one of the most devastating pathologies to affect the breast. Mastectomy stigmas are associated with depression, body image dysmorphia, and decreasing quality of life. BREAST-Q is a PROM (Patient Reported Outcome Measures) that has proven useful in measuring satisfaction with breast reconstruction results from the patient’s point of view. <strong>Objectives:</strong> To measure the satisfaction index and improvement in quality of life after breast reconstruction for breast cancer sequelae in our hospital in the last 5 years.<strong> Materials and Methods:</strong> Descriptive Study that includes patients with Breast cancer diagnosis that underwent mastectomy and breast reconstruction (prosthesis or autologous tissue) in “Hospital Central Sur de Petroleos Mexicanos” (January 2015 to January 2020), whose satisfaction index was measured with BREAST-Q one year after reconstruction. <strong>Results:</strong> 153 patients were included in the analysis. Mean global satisfaction was 74 points. We observed a tendency towards higher psychosocial, sexual and appearance satisfaction in patients who underwent reconstruction with autologous tissue. The mean satisfaction with provided information was 64 points and with the medical team > 90 points. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Breast reconstruction is associated to a high satisfaction index and quality of life improvement regardless of the technique. BREAST-Q proved to be useful in evaluating patient experience and it helped us identify areas of opportunity to improve our care.展开更多
In this study, the cooperative shareholders' performance and satisfaction were investigated as antecedent. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers has been identified as antecedent. In addition, shareholders'...In this study, the cooperative shareholders' performance and satisfaction were investigated as antecedent. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers has been identified as antecedent. In addition, shareholders' age, education, land size, and duration of membership in the cooperative were investigated to have effect on the shareholder's performance and satisfaction. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers is the subject of research on the effects of performance and satisfaction of the cooperative shareholders. A field survey was conducted. This study has been applied to Cukobirlik, an agricultural sale cooperative in East Mediterranean of Turkey. The researchers collected data by random questionnaire method. The research data were collected from 155 cooperative shareholders. For the data, exploratory factor, correlation, and regression were analyzed. The results of this analysis show that there is a meaningful relationship between charismatic leaders and the performance and satisfaction of shareholders for these cooperatives. Another result, there is significant relation between land size of cooperative shareholders and the performance and satisfaction of cooperative shareholders.展开更多
Climate, weather, and its attributes such as temperature and number of rainy days are essential for the success of many tourism destinations. As climate scientists have determined that climate changes are inevitable, ...Climate, weather, and its attributes such as temperature and number of rainy days are essential for the success of many tourism destinations. As climate scientists have determined that climate changes are inevitable, tourism destinations need to determine how to best manage these changes and mitigate any negative consequences. In addition, the perceived weather and/or climate at a destination can have as much weight on an individual's travel experience as the actual weather. The purpose of this study was to examine climate attributes and their importance on a traveler's behavior and satisfaction. Two hundred and sixty four surveys were gathered in the Mediterranean regions of Europe in the summer of 2009. Regression analysis revealed that climate attributes play a role in a traveler's satisfaction with their choice of a destination, but the traveler does not feel that climate changes are affecting their destinations as a whole. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) determined generational age differences in importance of climate attributes and if climate changes are affecting destinations. Management considerations for destination planners are explored.展开更多
This paper is intended to give a contribution to the debate on the functional relationship between the museum and the local territory; more specifically, the aim of this study is to understand the role of a museum loc...This paper is intended to give a contribution to the debate on the functional relationship between the museum and the local territory; more specifically, the aim of this study is to understand the role of a museum location in attracting visitors and influencing their processes of choice and satisfaction. The study follows, in particular, a previous study conducted by Mariani and Mussini (2013) based on Fondazione di Venezia data, with a view to better contextualization level. Previous studies have examined the role of museums in enhancing the image of a destination and in attracting and conveying additional tourists' fluxes, arguing that although not all museums are a destination of choice for visitors, a great museum or a strong exhibition program still does represent a national and international attraction. This paper overturns this argument investigating whereas an appealing location (such as a tourist destination) can influence prospective visitors about the level of attractiveness of a pay cultural event taking place therein. A questionnaire was developed and data were collected at the Palazzo Ducale in Venice, Italy, in 2007, during the art exhibition "Venezia e l'Islam 829-1797", via 501 face-to-face visitors interviews. The research model analyzes data through the conjoint analysis and the descriptive statistics. Results show that the exhibition location has been a relevant factor in influencing the visitors' decision process linked to the attendance of the event. Data show that, for the majority of visitors, the exhibition had been located elsewhere, they would not have visited it. Thus, an appealing location or a structured tourist destination may function as an attractive platform that may contribute to enforce the overall visitor's satisfaction with regard to his or her attendance to a cultural event. Furthermore, such a fact depends on specific objective variables (e.g., level of education, age), although no significant differences were reported between segments based on other socio-demographic characteristics such as sex. To conclude, arts and cultural managers should market and position cultural events in locations that can function as attractive, thus as emotionally driven experience consumption sites. Furthermore, they should consider both the cognitive and the emotional aspects of visitor's experience when designing and planning their events, as well as when assessing visitor's satisfaction. Cognitive and emotional aspects should be considered simultaneously when measuring visitors' satisfaction. In shaping visitors' satisfaction, emotions, such as the pleasure to be in a particular location, are more significant than cognitive aspects, such as the theme of the exhibition.展开更多
Personal Learning Environment(PLE)enables a knowledge-based,learner-centered lifelong learning which could be successfully integrated with formal education when taking educators’supervision into consideration.But do ...Personal Learning Environment(PLE)enables a knowledge-based,learner-centered lifelong learning which could be successfully integrated with formal education when taking educators’supervision into consideration.But do learners’preferred Learning Styles matter in PLE?To investigate the relationship among learners’Learning Styles,learning outcomes and satisfaction towards the PLE platform,the study constructed and applied a supervised-PLE-IELTS platform.57 sophomores majored in Business in Wenzhou University took part in a 16-week project.Data were collected by Honey and Mumford’s Learning Styles questionnaire for the Learning Styles,post-test of IELTS reading,listening and vocabulary for the cognitive learning outcomes,and Distance Education Learning Environments Survey(DELES)for the satisfaction towards the PLE platform.The results showed:(1)Learning Styles have positive relationship with the cognitive learning achievements in PLE;(2)Learning Styles had no direct effect on satisfaction,and learners of all Learning Styles enjoyed PLE-IELTS platform;and(3)learners who spent more time on PLE platform achieved better cognitive learning outcomes.The paper shed light on the future construction of supervised-PLEs.展开更多
Among the sundry studies in China on John Donne's The Flea,there has been none done from the perspective of Reader-Oriented Theory to probe into the readers' roles in the construction of meaning.The present ar...Among the sundry studies in China on John Donne's The Flea,there has been none done from the perspective of Reader-Oriented Theory to probe into the readers' roles in the construction of meaning.The present article under Wolfgang Iser's theories,in a further pursuit of the expansion of the gestalt of such studies on the poem,aims at exploring the readers' active roles in complementing,completing and recreating the textual meaning,and differentiating the implied reader and the actual reader through the poem as well as attempting to fulfill the construction of the reading cognitive model through the interpretation of the conceit the flea.展开更多
The Catcher in the Rye has been popular with readers since its publication,and critics at home and abroad have also conducted a lot of research on it.But they mainly proceed from the author and the text to evaluate an...The Catcher in the Rye has been popular with readers since its publication,and critics at home and abroad have also conducted a lot of research on it.But they mainly proceed from the author and the text to evaluate and analyze,ignoring the readers who are essential participants in text interpretation in the eyes of reader-response critics.In order to make up for this shortcoming,this article will take Iser’s reader-response criticism as a research perspective,starting from the three aspects of implied reader,response-inviting structure,and gaps to explore the interaction between the text of The Catcher in the Rye and the readers during the reading process.This research is expected to provide a new interpretation of this novel and provide reference for future research in related fields.展开更多
T. S. Eliot is always considered as the pioneering father and founder of the New Criticism. This paper compares the similarities and differences of T. S. Eliot's relevant theories with those of the New Criticism f...T. S. Eliot is always considered as the pioneering father and founder of the New Criticism. This paper compares the similarities and differences of T. S. Eliot's relevant theories with those of the New Criticism from two aspects: their viewpoints of the literary works and those of the reader. It concludes that though they share the same belief in the importance of the literary works, the New Criticism is good at the subtle analysis of one text and another. However, Eliot recognizes the reader's function in the appreciation of the works which New Criticism totally objects to, and their responses should be properly considered in the criticism of the works.展开更多
Many of our readers have been reading our magazine for years. But very few of them have been to Tibet. The landscape is number one in the world. It is highlighted by the Tibetan culture is unique. However, this is wha...Many of our readers have been reading our magazine for years. But very few of them have been to Tibet. The landscape is number one in the world. It is highlighted by the Tibetan culture is unique. However, this is what is described in written language. What is Tibet really like? Is Tibet a region just as described by China’s Tibet?展开更多
Many of our readers have been reading our magazine for years. But very few of them have been to Tibet.The landscape is number one in the world. It is highlighted by the Tibetan culture is unique.However, this is what ...Many of our readers have been reading our magazine for years. But very few of them have been to Tibet.The landscape is number one in the world. It is highlighted by the Tibetan culture is unique.However, this is what is described in written language.What is Tibet really like? Is Tibet a region just as described by China’s Tibet?We sincerely invite our readers and friends to visit in order to see Tibet with their own eyes and talk to our editors.展开更多
文摘Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Reports show continued patient satisfaction after surgery despite not maintaining clinical improvement as measured by evolution scales. Objectives: The present study sought to explore expectations and level of satisfaction in patients after DBS surgery with a semi-structured questionnaire and subsequent correlation with functional scales, Quality of Life (QoL), and motor and non-motor symptoms. Methods: We performed descriptive statistics to represent demographic data, Wilcoxon rank tests to determine significant differences, and Spearman correlation between the applied scales. Results: We evaluated 20 patients with a history of DBS surgery. 45% were female, with a mean age of 55.7 ± 14.15 years, a mean disease duration of 13.42 ± 8.3 years, and a mean time after surgery of 3.18 ± 1.86 years. Patients reported surgery meeting expectations in 85.5% and continued satisfaction in 92%. These two variables showed a significant correlation. Conclusions: This sample of patients remained satisfied after DBS surgery, although we found no differences in motor and non-motor clinimetric scales. Further studies are needed to confirm the importance of assessing quality of life in patients with DBS.
文摘The phenomenon of Cenozoic migrant worker shortage is a realism problem of China's enterprise, and Cenozoic migrant worker has become an important force occupied the social structure. So the study of Cenozoic migrant worker's status and the demand is imperative. Understand employees' both psychological and physiological satisfaction of enterprises' environmental factors, and make some corresponding changes is of great help to reduce the employee turnover rate. This paper commenced to research from the Cenozoic migrant worker 's characteristics, analyzed conditions and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures.
文摘The aim of the article is to determine the extent to which customer satisfaction's in the e-banking in Semnan area had organizational and customer readiness for developing their services. One of the most important sectors that plays key role for grasping developed condition is banking sector. Banks like other institutions also look for augmenting their profits and increasing their strength by expansion. The designing of bank must involve selection of those that have sufficient success potential. Hence, from several factors of success, the following three criteria factors have been: selected-customer satisfied, one dimensional, and product fully functional. These factors offers three question multi criteria group extracted from a 16 norms. Also, three criteria factors have been studied over a period of five years and important criteria for evaluating the norms. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been employed to calculate the success potential of each norm. The empirical data comprises the longitudinal survey of the agricultural banking of the Semnan province. The paper, also, finds that product fully functional is placed as the first priority.
文摘The current research aims to find out whether the model of the retailer's relational satisfaction, developed in a western setting is relevant in a different economic and cultural field of investigation: the Tunisian post 2011 revolution's emerging context, and in a different industry: the retail industry. It explores the distinctive economic and cultural features that affect the retailer's relational satisfaction with its consumer goods manufacturers. The study employs a survey based on a face-to-face administered questionnaire. Two hundred and thirty four responses from a survey with Tunisian retailers as well as international retailers operating in Tunisia were obtained. All constructs are measured using five-point Likert type scales (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). Analyses are conducted using exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis. The results support the original model with however some differences derived from the Tunisian economic setting as a whole, the characteristics of the Tunisian consumer goods industry as well as the clan characteristic feature of the Tunisian collectivistic culture. Thus, the amount of discounts obtained, does no longer contribute to the retailer's economic satisfaction. Moreover, when it comes to social satisfaction, the respondents get uncomfortable, even to deal with a potential negative interaction with their suppliers. For retail companies involved in internationalization in the Maghreb Region, and especially in Tunisia, it seems that other competitive advantages than prices are to be developed, such as the development of private label or other services that create positive perceived value for the Tunisian customer. From a cultural standpoint, western managers have rather to go away from a formalized channel relationship management, while taking into account the importance of interpersonal influence. The study sheds light on the heterogeneity of the so-called Arab-Muslim world. This is highlighted in the management of channel relationship in Tunisia, that is influenced by: (1) The government's price regulation and control, especially in many food products; (2) The relative weak importance of discounts in gaining retailer's economic satisfaction; (3) The reshaping of the local retailing sector due to the arrival of international retail companies; (4) The clan feature of the Tunisian collectivistic culture that advocates putting priority on interpersonal influence in channel relationship's management.
文摘<strong>Introduction: </strong>Cancer is one of the most devastating pathologies to affect the breast. Mastectomy stigmas are associated with depression, body image dysmorphia, and decreasing quality of life. BREAST-Q is a PROM (Patient Reported Outcome Measures) that has proven useful in measuring satisfaction with breast reconstruction results from the patient’s point of view. <strong>Objectives:</strong> To measure the satisfaction index and improvement in quality of life after breast reconstruction for breast cancer sequelae in our hospital in the last 5 years.<strong> Materials and Methods:</strong> Descriptive Study that includes patients with Breast cancer diagnosis that underwent mastectomy and breast reconstruction (prosthesis or autologous tissue) in “Hospital Central Sur de Petroleos Mexicanos” (January 2015 to January 2020), whose satisfaction index was measured with BREAST-Q one year after reconstruction. <strong>Results:</strong> 153 patients were included in the analysis. Mean global satisfaction was 74 points. We observed a tendency towards higher psychosocial, sexual and appearance satisfaction in patients who underwent reconstruction with autologous tissue. The mean satisfaction with provided information was 64 points and with the medical team > 90 points. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Breast reconstruction is associated to a high satisfaction index and quality of life improvement regardless of the technique. BREAST-Q proved to be useful in evaluating patient experience and it helped us identify areas of opportunity to improve our care.
文摘In this study, the cooperative shareholders' performance and satisfaction were investigated as antecedent. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers has been identified as antecedent. In addition, shareholders' age, education, land size, and duration of membership in the cooperative were investigated to have effect on the shareholder's performance and satisfaction. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers is the subject of research on the effects of performance and satisfaction of the cooperative shareholders. A field survey was conducted. This study has been applied to Cukobirlik, an agricultural sale cooperative in East Mediterranean of Turkey. The researchers collected data by random questionnaire method. The research data were collected from 155 cooperative shareholders. For the data, exploratory factor, correlation, and regression were analyzed. The results of this analysis show that there is a meaningful relationship between charismatic leaders and the performance and satisfaction of shareholders for these cooperatives. Another result, there is significant relation between land size of cooperative shareholders and the performance and satisfaction of cooperative shareholders.
文摘Climate, weather, and its attributes such as temperature and number of rainy days are essential for the success of many tourism destinations. As climate scientists have determined that climate changes are inevitable, tourism destinations need to determine how to best manage these changes and mitigate any negative consequences. In addition, the perceived weather and/or climate at a destination can have as much weight on an individual's travel experience as the actual weather. The purpose of this study was to examine climate attributes and their importance on a traveler's behavior and satisfaction. Two hundred and sixty four surveys were gathered in the Mediterranean regions of Europe in the summer of 2009. Regression analysis revealed that climate attributes play a role in a traveler's satisfaction with their choice of a destination, but the traveler does not feel that climate changes are affecting their destinations as a whole. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) determined generational age differences in importance of climate attributes and if climate changes are affecting destinations. Management considerations for destination planners are explored.
文摘This paper is intended to give a contribution to the debate on the functional relationship between the museum and the local territory; more specifically, the aim of this study is to understand the role of a museum location in attracting visitors and influencing their processes of choice and satisfaction. The study follows, in particular, a previous study conducted by Mariani and Mussini (2013) based on Fondazione di Venezia data, with a view to better contextualization level. Previous studies have examined the role of museums in enhancing the image of a destination and in attracting and conveying additional tourists' fluxes, arguing that although not all museums are a destination of choice for visitors, a great museum or a strong exhibition program still does represent a national and international attraction. This paper overturns this argument investigating whereas an appealing location (such as a tourist destination) can influence prospective visitors about the level of attractiveness of a pay cultural event taking place therein. A questionnaire was developed and data were collected at the Palazzo Ducale in Venice, Italy, in 2007, during the art exhibition "Venezia e l'Islam 829-1797", via 501 face-to-face visitors interviews. The research model analyzes data through the conjoint analysis and the descriptive statistics. Results show that the exhibition location has been a relevant factor in influencing the visitors' decision process linked to the attendance of the event. Data show that, for the majority of visitors, the exhibition had been located elsewhere, they would not have visited it. Thus, an appealing location or a structured tourist destination may function as an attractive platform that may contribute to enforce the overall visitor's satisfaction with regard to his or her attendance to a cultural event. Furthermore, such a fact depends on specific objective variables (e.g., level of education, age), although no significant differences were reported between segments based on other socio-demographic characteristics such as sex. To conclude, arts and cultural managers should market and position cultural events in locations that can function as attractive, thus as emotionally driven experience consumption sites. Furthermore, they should consider both the cognitive and the emotional aspects of visitor's experience when designing and planning their events, as well as when assessing visitor's satisfaction. Cognitive and emotional aspects should be considered simultaneously when measuring visitors' satisfaction. In shaping visitors' satisfaction, emotions, such as the pleasure to be in a particular location, are more significant than cognitive aspects, such as the theme of the exhibition.
基金This paper is part of the research results of Wenzhou basic scientific research project"Research on the mode and Countermeasures of coordinated development of Regional Higher Vocational Education and industrial agglomera-tion"(R2020023)。
文摘Personal Learning Environment(PLE)enables a knowledge-based,learner-centered lifelong learning which could be successfully integrated with formal education when taking educators’supervision into consideration.But do learners’preferred Learning Styles matter in PLE?To investigate the relationship among learners’Learning Styles,learning outcomes and satisfaction towards the PLE platform,the study constructed and applied a supervised-PLE-IELTS platform.57 sophomores majored in Business in Wenzhou University took part in a 16-week project.Data were collected by Honey and Mumford’s Learning Styles questionnaire for the Learning Styles,post-test of IELTS reading,listening and vocabulary for the cognitive learning outcomes,and Distance Education Learning Environments Survey(DELES)for the satisfaction towards the PLE platform.The results showed:(1)Learning Styles have positive relationship with the cognitive learning achievements in PLE;(2)Learning Styles had no direct effect on satisfaction,and learners of all Learning Styles enjoyed PLE-IELTS platform;and(3)learners who spent more time on PLE platform achieved better cognitive learning outcomes.The paper shed light on the future construction of supervised-PLEs.
文摘Among the sundry studies in China on John Donne's The Flea,there has been none done from the perspective of Reader-Oriented Theory to probe into the readers' roles in the construction of meaning.The present article under Wolfgang Iser's theories,in a further pursuit of the expansion of the gestalt of such studies on the poem,aims at exploring the readers' active roles in complementing,completing and recreating the textual meaning,and differentiating the implied reader and the actual reader through the poem as well as attempting to fulfill the construction of the reading cognitive model through the interpretation of the conceit the flea.
文摘The Catcher in the Rye has been popular with readers since its publication,and critics at home and abroad have also conducted a lot of research on it.But they mainly proceed from the author and the text to evaluate and analyze,ignoring the readers who are essential participants in text interpretation in the eyes of reader-response critics.In order to make up for this shortcoming,this article will take Iser’s reader-response criticism as a research perspective,starting from the three aspects of implied reader,response-inviting structure,and gaps to explore the interaction between the text of The Catcher in the Rye and the readers during the reading process.This research is expected to provide a new interpretation of this novel and provide reference for future research in related fields.
文摘T. S. Eliot is always considered as the pioneering father and founder of the New Criticism. This paper compares the similarities and differences of T. S. Eliot's relevant theories with those of the New Criticism from two aspects: their viewpoints of the literary works and those of the reader. It concludes that though they share the same belief in the importance of the literary works, the New Criticism is good at the subtle analysis of one text and another. However, Eliot recognizes the reader's function in the appreciation of the works which New Criticism totally objects to, and their responses should be properly considered in the criticism of the works.
文摘Many of our readers have been reading our magazine for years. But very few of them have been to Tibet. The landscape is number one in the world. It is highlighted by the Tibetan culture is unique. However, this is what is described in written language. What is Tibet really like? Is Tibet a region just as described by China’s Tibet?
文摘Many of our readers have been reading our magazine for years. But very few of them have been to Tibet.The landscape is number one in the world. It is highlighted by the Tibetan culture is unique.However, this is what is described in written language.What is Tibet really like? Is Tibet a region just as described by China’s Tibet?We sincerely invite our readers and friends to visit in order to see Tibet with their own eyes and talk to our editors.