AIM： To determine the performance of novice readers （4^th year medical students） for detecting capsule endoscopy findings. METHODS： Ten capsule endoscopy cases of small bowel lesions were administered to the reade...AIM： To determine the performance of novice readers （4^th year medical students） for detecting capsule endoscopy findings. METHODS： Ten capsule endoscopy cases of small bowel lesions were administered to the readers. Gold standard findings were pre-defined by gastroenterologists. Ten gold standard ＂targets＂ were identified among the 10 cases. Readers were given a 30-min overview of Rapid Reader software and instructed to mark any potential areas of abnormalities. A software program was developed using SAS to analyze the thumbnailed findings. RESULTS： The overall sensitivity for detecting the gold standard findings was 80%. As a group, at least 5 out of 10 readers detected each gold standard finding per recording. All the gold standard targets were identified when the readers＇ results were combined. Incidental finding/false positive rate ranged between 8.2-59.8 per reader. CONCLUSION： A panel of medical students with minimal endoscopic experience can achieve high sensitivity in detecting lesions on capsule endoscopy. A group of novice readers can pre-screen recordings to thumbnail potential areas of small bowel lesions for further review. These thumbnails must be reviewed to determine the clinical relevance. Further studies are ongoing to assess other cohorts.展开更多
With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide.Aging is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterati...With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide.Aging is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota,microbial metabolites,and the functions of astrocytes.The microbiota–gut–brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive function.This article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases.This article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function,mainly through the vagus nerve,immune responses,circadian rhythms,and microbial metabolites.Finally,this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota–astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.Our findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota–astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline,aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.展开更多
China Today was born of an English magazine and has developed into a polyglot monthly journal. Besides English, it is also published in chronological order of the foundation of each edi- tion, in Spanish, French, Arab...China Today was born of an English magazine and has developed into a polyglot monthly journal. Besides English, it is also published in chronological order of the foundation of each edi- tion, in Spanish, French, Arabic, German and Chinese. A second English edition, the North American edition, was established in order to comply with the particular interests of readers in North American areas. Apart from the content common to all editions, which focuses on develop- ments and achievements in China, each edition carries articles that take into account the relevant location and specific interests of its readers.展开更多
A quadrature mixer with a shared transconductor stage is analyzed,including voltage conversion gain, linearity, noise figure, and image rejection. The analysis indicates it has better performance than a conventional G...A quadrature mixer with a shared transconductor stage is analyzed,including voltage conversion gain, linearity, noise figure, and image rejection. The analysis indicates it has better performance than a conventional Gilbert mixer pair in commutating mode. A quadrature down-conversion mixer based on this topology is designed and optimized for an ultra high frequency RFID reader. Operating in the 915MHz ISM band, the presented quadrature mixer measures a conversion gain of 12.5dB,an IIP3 of 10dBm, an IIP2 of 58dBm, and an SSB noise figure of 17.6riB. The chip was fabricated in a 0. 18μm 1P6M RF CMOS process and consumes only 3mA of current from a 1.8V power supply.展开更多
Reading is a very essential skill in the process of knowledge aqusition,while,effective reading ability is the outcome of the good combination of both time and skills.The differences between good readers and poor read...Reading is a very essential skill in the process of knowledge aqusition,while,effective reading ability is the outcome of the good combination of both time and skills.The differences between good readers and poor reader will be studied in terms of comparisons towards their reading speed,efficiency and reasons behind in the domain of psychological perspectives.展开更多
Among the sundry studies in China on John Donne's The Flea,there has been none done from the perspective of Reader-Oriented Theory to probe into the readers' roles in the construction of meaning.The present ar...Among the sundry studies in China on John Donne's The Flea,there has been none done from the perspective of Reader-Oriented Theory to probe into the readers' roles in the construction of meaning.The present article under Wolfgang Iser's theories,in a further pursuit of the expansion of the gestalt of such studies on the poem,aims at exploring the readers' active roles in complementing,completing and recreating the textual meaning,and differentiating the implied reader and the actual reader through the poem as well as attempting to fulfill the construction of the reading cognitive model through the interpretation of the conceit the flea.展开更多
This letter proposes updating the World Journal of Gastroenterology(WJG) with several new items and subsections and seeks the readers' input for these suggested changes. In order to further enhance the scope of th...This letter proposes updating the World Journal of Gastroenterology(WJG) with several new items and subsections and seeks the readers' input for these suggested changes. In order to further enhance the scope of the WJG, to make it more interactive, and to accommodate our readers' interest, the editors ask the readers for their input regarding potential new proposed changes and new subsections listed below:(1) new subsection-selected highlights from other related Baishideng Publishing Group world series journals;(2) new subsection-challenging images of the week-a quiz with an answer and references on another page;(3) to re-introduce or restore for some issues the cover page on which selected illustration;(4) new subsection-new hypotheses, new concepts and revisiting old concepts in a short, commentary format;(5) preview of the forthcoming issue articles(title and authors);(6) suggestions submitted by the readers-new topics and initiatives; and(7) additional topic area-molecular basis of gastric/liver diseases as an additional area for articles submitted to the journal.展开更多
Since the emergence of newspaper,the headline has been the necessity of a news report.The Newspaper headline which takes the crucial part in a news report has been given the responsibility to capture readers,especiall...Since the emergence of newspaper,the headline has been the necessity of a news report.The Newspaper headline which takes the crucial part in a news report has been given the responsibility to capture readers,especially in the environment of highly intense competition of this industry.Even with the application of high technology in the news industry,the significance of the headline is enormously strengthened rather than weakened.On the one hand,the mission of the headline determines its significance.And on the other,its characteristics help to achieve the responsibility.Therefore the particular language adopted in the headline,namely "headlinese",must contain certain features which could appeal readers' attention.This paper will focus on the characteristics of the English newspaper headline and find out how it captures readers.展开更多
Aims and Scope World Journal of Emergency Medicine(ISSN 1920-8642,CN 33-1408/R),a quarterly journal,publishes peer-reviewed original research articles,review articles including systematic review and meta-analysis,edit...Aims and Scope World Journal of Emergency Medicine(ISSN 1920-8642,CN 33-1408/R),a quarterly journal,publishes peer-reviewed original research articles,review articles including systematic review and meta-analysis,editorials,commentaries,etc in different fields of emergency medicine.The content of articles could be varied in medical,surgical,radiological,pathological,biochemical,physiological and pharmaceutical aspects of the subject areas.The journal also deals with basic sciences and experimental work.展开更多
Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International Copyright 2016,Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.comAims and Scope Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases Internat...Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International Copyright 2016,Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.comAims and Scope Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers,reviews(meta-analysis,systematic review)and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the fields of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases.Papers cover the medical,surgical,展开更多
Aims and Scope Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers, reviews (meta-analysis, systematic review) and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in ...Aims and Scope Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers, reviews (meta-analysis, systematic review) and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the fields of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases. Papers cover the medical展开更多
Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International(HBPD INT)Copyright 2008,Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.com Aims and Scope Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Dis...Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International(HBPD INT)Copyright 2008,Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.com Aims and Scope Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers,reviews and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the展开更多
Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International(HBPD INT) Copyright 2013,Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.comAims and Scope Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Disease...Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International(HBPD INT) Copyright 2013,Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.comAims and Scope Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers,reviews(meta-analysis,systematic review)and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the fields of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases.Papers cover the medical,surgical,radiological,pathological,biochemical,physiological and histological aspects of the subject areas under the headings展开更多
基金Supported by NIH Clinical Associate Physician(CAP)Award(Dr.Jutabha),American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Research Award(Dr.Jutabha),American College of Gastroenterology Capsule Endoscopy Research Award(Dr.Jutabha),NIH General Clinical Research
文摘AIM： To determine the performance of novice readers （4^th year medical students） for detecting capsule endoscopy findings. METHODS： Ten capsule endoscopy cases of small bowel lesions were administered to the readers. Gold standard findings were pre-defined by gastroenterologists. Ten gold standard ＂targets＂ were identified among the 10 cases. Readers were given a 30-min overview of Rapid Reader software and instructed to mark any potential areas of abnormalities. A software program was developed using SAS to analyze the thumbnailed findings. RESULTS： The overall sensitivity for detecting the gold standard findings was 80%. As a group, at least 5 out of 10 readers detected each gold standard finding per recording. All the gold standard targets were identified when the readers＇ results were combined. Incidental finding/false positive rate ranged between 8.2-59.8 per reader. CONCLUSION： A panel of medical students with minimal endoscopic experience can achieve high sensitivity in detecting lesions on capsule endoscopy. A group of novice readers can pre-screen recordings to thumbnail potential areas of small bowel lesions for further review. These thumbnails must be reviewed to determine the clinical relevance. Further studies are ongoing to assess other cohorts.
基金supported by the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Innovation Foundation,No.22HHXBSS00047(to PL)Graduate Science and Technology Innovation Project of Tianjin,No.2022BKY173(to LZ)Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Foundation,No.20201194(to PL).
文摘With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide.Aging is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota,microbial metabolites,and the functions of astrocytes.The microbiota–gut–brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive function.This article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases.This article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function,mainly through the vagus nerve,immune responses,circadian rhythms,and microbial metabolites.Finally,this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota–astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.Our findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota–astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline,aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.
文摘China Today was born of an English magazine and has developed into a polyglot monthly journal. Besides English, it is also published in chronological order of the foundation of each edi- tion, in Spanish, French, Arabic, German and Chinese. A second English edition, the North American edition, was established in order to comply with the particular interests of readers in North American areas. Apart from the content common to all editions, which focuses on develop- ments and achievements in China, each edition carries articles that take into account the relevant location and specific interests of its readers.
文摘A quadrature mixer with a shared transconductor stage is analyzed,including voltage conversion gain, linearity, noise figure, and image rejection. The analysis indicates it has better performance than a conventional Gilbert mixer pair in commutating mode. A quadrature down-conversion mixer based on this topology is designed and optimized for an ultra high frequency RFID reader. Operating in the 915MHz ISM band, the presented quadrature mixer measures a conversion gain of 12.5dB,an IIP3 of 10dBm, an IIP2 of 58dBm, and an SSB noise figure of 17.6riB. The chip was fabricated in a 0. 18μm 1P6M RF CMOS process and consumes only 3mA of current from a 1.8V power supply.
文摘Reading is a very essential skill in the process of knowledge aqusition,while,effective reading ability is the outcome of the good combination of both time and skills.The differences between good readers and poor reader will be studied in terms of comparisons towards their reading speed,efficiency and reasons behind in the domain of psychological perspectives.
文摘Among the sundry studies in China on John Donne's The Flea,there has been none done from the perspective of Reader-Oriented Theory to probe into the readers' roles in the construction of meaning.The present article under Wolfgang Iser's theories,in a further pursuit of the expansion of the gestalt of such studies on the poem,aims at exploring the readers' active roles in complementing,completing and recreating the textual meaning,and differentiating the implied reader and the actual reader through the poem as well as attempting to fulfill the construction of the reading cognitive model through the interpretation of the conceit the flea.
文摘This letter proposes updating the World Journal of Gastroenterology(WJG) with several new items and subsections and seeks the readers' input for these suggested changes. In order to further enhance the scope of the WJG, to make it more interactive, and to accommodate our readers' interest, the editors ask the readers for their input regarding potential new proposed changes and new subsections listed below:(1) new subsection-selected highlights from other related Baishideng Publishing Group world series journals;(2) new subsection-challenging images of the week-a quiz with an answer and references on another page;(3) to re-introduce or restore for some issues the cover page on which selected illustration;(4) new subsection-new hypotheses, new concepts and revisiting old concepts in a short, commentary format;(5) preview of the forthcoming issue articles(title and authors);(6) suggestions submitted by the readers-new topics and initiatives; and(7) additional topic area-molecular basis of gastric/liver diseases as an additional area for articles submitted to the journal.
文摘Since the emergence of newspaper,the headline has been the necessity of a news report.The Newspaper headline which takes the crucial part in a news report has been given the responsibility to capture readers,especially in the environment of highly intense competition of this industry.Even with the application of high technology in the news industry,the significance of the headline is enormously strengthened rather than weakened.On the one hand,the mission of the headline determines its significance.And on the other,its characteristics help to achieve the responsibility.Therefore the particular language adopted in the headline,namely "headlinese",must contain certain features which could appeal readers' attention.This paper will focus on the characteristics of the English newspaper headline and find out how it captures readers.
文摘Aims and Scope World Journal of Emergency Medicine(ISSN 1920-8642,CN 33-1408/R),a quarterly journal,publishes peer-reviewed original research articles,review articles including systematic review and meta-analysis,editorials,commentaries,etc in different fields of emergency medicine.The content of articles could be varied in medical,surgical,radiological,pathological,biochemical,physiological and pharmaceutical aspects of the subject areas.The journal also deals with basic sciences and experimental work.
文摘Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International Copyright 2016,Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.comAims and Scope Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers,reviews(meta-analysis,systematic review)and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the fields of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases.Papers cover the medical,surgical,
文摘Aims and Scope Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers, reviews (meta-analysis, systematic review) and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the fields of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases. Papers cover the medical
文摘Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International(HBPD INT)Copyright 2008,Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.com Aims and Scope Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers,reviews and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the
文摘Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International(HBPD INT) Copyright 2013,Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.comAims and Scope Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers,reviews(meta-analysis,systematic review)and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the fields of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases.Papers cover the medical,surgical,radiological,pathological,biochemical,physiological and histological aspects of the subject areas under the headings
