大蒜RAPD反应体系的建立及优化

该试验以弥渡紫皮大蒜叶片基因组DNA为试材，采用不同浓度MgCl2、引物、dNTP、TapDNA聚合酶对大蒜的RAPD体系进行单因素反应条件优化。结果表明，25μL总反应体积中，最佳浓度配比为：模板DNA40ng。MgCl2 2．0mmoL／L，引物12pmol，dNTP50μmoL／L，Taq DNA聚合酶unit，10×反应缓冲液2．5μL。扩增程序为：94℃变性3min，94℃变性30s，37℃退火30s，72℃延伸1min，共35个循环，72℃最终延伸10min。

芝麻高度不育材料基因组DNA提取及RAPD反应体系的建立

以临时保持系WB51220、两用系0176A不育株、可育株0176B和皖芝1号等4份材料的叶片为研究材料,对其基因组DNA的提取及对RAPD反应体系进行优化。结果表明,改良的CTAB法获得的芝麻基因组DNA片段大小经电泳检测满足RAPD等遗传多样性分析要求;筛选出RAPD最佳反应体系:20μL反应体系含有1.5 U Taq DNA聚合酶,0.25 mmoL/L dNTP,2.0 mmoL/L Mg2+,0.75μmoL/L引物;4个不同品种的叶片基因组DNA的电泳条带之间有着明显差异,他们共有的条带为1 900、1 800、1 000、900 bp;不同的是,临时保持系WB51220比两用系0176A不育株少了1个2 000 bp的条带,可育株0176B比两用系0176A不育株少了1个450 bp条带,皖芝1号比可育株0176B少了1个750 bp和1个1 200 bp的条带。

Studies on the Cytology of Fertilization in the Chinese Mitten-handed Crab,Eriocheir sinensis (Crustacea, Decapoda)

The whole processes of fertilization in Eriocheir sinensis was investigated with artificial and natural insemination and artificial induction of acrosome reaction. Unlike most other arthropods, the E. sinensis egg has no micropyle. In the process of fertilization, a great number of sperms attach themselves to the egg, but only several of them penetrate the egg with one of them finally fertilizing it. Fertilization in E. sinensis is achieved not by fusion but by association.