Ascites remain the commonest complication of decompensated cirrhosis. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is defined as the infection of ascitic fluid (AF) in the absence of a contiguous source of infection and/or...Ascites remain the commonest complication of decompensated cirrhosis. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is defined as the infection of ascitic fluid (AF) in the absence of a contiguous source of infection and/or an intraabdominal inflammatory focus. An AF polymorphonuclear (PMN) leucocyte count ≥ 250/mm 3 -irrespective of the AF culture resultis universally accepted nowadays as the best surrogate marker for diagnosing SBP. Frequently the results of the manual or automated PMN count do not reach the hands of the responsible medical personnel in a timely manner. However, this is a crucial step in SBP management. Since 2000, 26 studies (most of them published as full papers) have checked the validity of using leukocyte esterase reagent strips (LERS) in SBP diagnosis. LERS appear to have low sensitivity for SBP, some LERS types more than others. On the other hand, though, LERS have consistently given a high negative predictive value (> 95% in the majority of the studies) and this supports the use of LERS as a preliminary screening tool for SBP diagnosis. Finally, an AF-tailored dipstick has been developed. Within the proper setting, it is set to become the mainstream process for handling AF samples.展开更多
目的探讨一种基于试剂盒内自带质控品条件下的稳定有效的质控管理措施。方法选取中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇七医院检验科2022年11月2日—2023年7月22日室内质控数据进行分析。更换试剂批次时试剂盒内质控品批次也同时更换,观察...目的探讨一种基于试剂盒内自带质控品条件下的稳定有效的质控管理措施。方法选取中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇七医院检验科2022年11月2日—2023年7月22日室内质控数据进行分析。更换试剂批次时试剂盒内质控品批次也同时更换,观察试剂盒内自带质控品和第三方质控品室内质控Levey-Jennings图变化,评估各批次允许不精密度[以变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV)表示]。采用固定试剂盒内自带质控品批次,更换试剂批次时试剂自带质控品批次不更换,观察试剂盒内自带质控品和第三方质控品Levey-Jennings图变化,评估各批次和累积允许不精密度(以CV表示),比较σ值差异。结果同时更换试剂及自带质控品共3个批次,虽然自带质控品和第三方质控品各批次CV均符合实验室质量控制目标CV≤10%。但是每次更换批号,第三方质控Levey-Jennings图出现明显批间差,用试剂自带质控品Levey-Jennings图则批内稳定,无法提示试剂批间差。采用固定试剂盒内自带质控品批次,更换试剂批次时试剂盒内自带质控品批次不更换的情况下,更换3个批次试剂,试剂盒内自带质控品和第三方质控品一样每次更换试剂批次Levey-Jennings图都出现较大差异,且自带质控品和第三方质控品各批次和累积CV均符合实验室质量控制目标CV≤10%,σ值均达到世界一流水平。试剂盒内自带质控品也可以反映试剂批间差,与第三方质控品达到一样的效果。结论通过改进试剂盒内自带质控品的使用管理措施,可以优化质控效率,降低临床安全隐患。展开更多
[Objectives]To fully understand the quality of commercial enzyme inhibition-colorimetric pesticide residue rapid detection kits,so that they can play a greater role in the detection and supervision of agricultural pro...[Objectives]To fully understand the quality of commercial enzyme inhibition-colorimetric pesticide residue rapid detection kits,so that they can play a greater role in the detection and supervision of agricultural products.[Methods]The sensitivity of 28 kinds of pesticides was determined by using the commercially available enzyme inhibition colorimetric rapid detection kit with Hendu brand.[Results]There was a significant difference in the sensitivity of the kit to each pesticide,and the kit was more sensitive to dichlorvos among the 28 pesticides tested.The sensitivity to methyl isosalifos,dimethoate,isocarbophos,fenthion and phorate was poor,and the sensitivity to quinalphos was different between 3.0 and 2.5 mL.[Conclusions]The large difference of the sensitivity of the enzyme inhibition-colorimetric rapid detection kit for pesticide residues to different kits is a reason for the false positive and false negative test results of the kit,which needs to be considered by relevant personnel.展开更多
目的评价结核分枝杆菌特异性蛋白（tuberculosis specific antigen, TB-SA）抗体检测试剂在结核病中的应用价值。方法以天津市和平区结核病控制中心、山东省烟台芝罘区肺科医院和河南省南阳市卧龙区结核病防治中心为研究现场，连续纳入2...目的评价结核分枝杆菌特异性蛋白（tuberculosis specific antigen, TB-SA）抗体检测试剂在结核病中的应用价值。方法以天津市和平区结核病控制中心、山东省烟台芝罘区肺科医院和河南省南阳市卧龙区结核病防治中心为研究现场，连续纳入2012年4月至10月门诊就诊的所有肺结核疑似患者944例，同时纳入110名健康志愿者作为对照。对所有纳入患者及健康志愿者进行痰涂片、培养、结核菌素试验（PPD）和胸部X线检查，签署知情同意书后留取血清进行TB-SA抗体检测。痰涂片采用萋-尼（Ziehl-Neelsen）染色法，培养采用接种酸性罗氏固体培养基培养。现场数据由双人录入，在国家结核病参比实验室统一整理分析。结果755例确诊的活动性结核病患者，TB-SA抗体检测法阳性率为74．8％（565／755，95％CI=71．7％-77．9％），远高于涂片阳性率25．6％（193／755）（X^2=366．59，P〈0．0001）和培养阳性率39．6％（21）9／755）（X^2=190．12，P〈0．0001）。在培养阳性结核病患者中，TB-SA抗体检查敏感度为88．5％（255／288，95％CI=84．8％～92．2％）。在菌阴活动性结核病患者中，TB-SA抗体检查敏感度为68．0％（310／456，95％CI=63．7％-72．3％）。TB-SA抗体检测法在活动性结核病患者中的阳性预测值为92．3％（565／612，95％CI=90．2％～94．4％），在健康人群中检测特异度为97．3％（95％CI=94．3％～100．3％）。结论TB-SA抗体检测法在结核病患者中阳性检出率显著高于涂片和培养，适用于结核病，特别是菌阴结核病的诊断；TB-SA抗体检测法诊断结核病的特异度高，可用于人群健康体检。展开更多
文摘Ascites remain the commonest complication of decompensated cirrhosis. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is defined as the infection of ascitic fluid (AF) in the absence of a contiguous source of infection and/or an intraabdominal inflammatory focus. An AF polymorphonuclear (PMN) leucocyte count ≥ 250/mm 3 -irrespective of the AF culture resultis universally accepted nowadays as the best surrogate marker for diagnosing SBP. Frequently the results of the manual or automated PMN count do not reach the hands of the responsible medical personnel in a timely manner. However, this is a crucial step in SBP management. Since 2000, 26 studies (most of them published as full papers) have checked the validity of using leukocyte esterase reagent strips (LERS) in SBP diagnosis. LERS appear to have low sensitivity for SBP, some LERS types more than others. On the other hand, though, LERS have consistently given a high negative predictive value (> 95% in the majority of the studies) and this supports the use of LERS as a preliminary screening tool for SBP diagnosis. Finally, an AF-tailored dipstick has been developed. Within the proper setting, it is set to become the mainstream process for handling AF samples.
文摘目的探讨一种基于试剂盒内自带质控品条件下的稳定有效的质控管理措施。方法选取中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇七医院检验科2022年11月2日—2023年7月22日室内质控数据进行分析。更换试剂批次时试剂盒内质控品批次也同时更换,观察试剂盒内自带质控品和第三方质控品室内质控Levey-Jennings图变化,评估各批次允许不精密度[以变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV)表示]。采用固定试剂盒内自带质控品批次,更换试剂批次时试剂自带质控品批次不更换,观察试剂盒内自带质控品和第三方质控品Levey-Jennings图变化,评估各批次和累积允许不精密度(以CV表示),比较σ值差异。结果同时更换试剂及自带质控品共3个批次,虽然自带质控品和第三方质控品各批次CV均符合实验室质量控制目标CV≤10%。但是每次更换批号,第三方质控Levey-Jennings图出现明显批间差,用试剂自带质控品Levey-Jennings图则批内稳定,无法提示试剂批间差。采用固定试剂盒内自带质控品批次,更换试剂批次时试剂盒内自带质控品批次不更换的情况下,更换3个批次试剂,试剂盒内自带质控品和第三方质控品一样每次更换试剂批次Levey-Jennings图都出现较大差异,且自带质控品和第三方质控品各批次和累积CV均符合实验室质量控制目标CV≤10%,σ值均达到世界一流水平。试剂盒内自带质控品也可以反映试剂批间差,与第三方质控品达到一样的效果。结论通过改进试剂盒内自带质控品的使用管理措施,可以优化质控效率,降低临床安全隐患。
文摘[Objectives]To fully understand the quality of commercial enzyme inhibition-colorimetric pesticide residue rapid detection kits,so that they can play a greater role in the detection and supervision of agricultural products.[Methods]The sensitivity of 28 kinds of pesticides was determined by using the commercially available enzyme inhibition colorimetric rapid detection kit with Hendu brand.[Results]There was a significant difference in the sensitivity of the kit to each pesticide,and the kit was more sensitive to dichlorvos among the 28 pesticides tested.The sensitivity to methyl isosalifos,dimethoate,isocarbophos,fenthion and phorate was poor,and the sensitivity to quinalphos was different between 3.0 and 2.5 mL.[Conclusions]The large difference of the sensitivity of the enzyme inhibition-colorimetric rapid detection kit for pesticide residues to different kits is a reason for the false positive and false negative test results of the kit,which needs to be considered by relevant personnel.
文摘目的评价结核分枝杆菌特异性蛋白（tuberculosis specific antigen, TB-SA）抗体检测试剂在结核病中的应用价值。方法以天津市和平区结核病控制中心、山东省烟台芝罘区肺科医院和河南省南阳市卧龙区结核病防治中心为研究现场，连续纳入2012年4月至10月门诊就诊的所有肺结核疑似患者944例，同时纳入110名健康志愿者作为对照。对所有纳入患者及健康志愿者进行痰涂片、培养、结核菌素试验（PPD）和胸部X线检查，签署知情同意书后留取血清进行TB-SA抗体检测。痰涂片采用萋-尼（Ziehl-Neelsen）染色法，培养采用接种酸性罗氏固体培养基培养。现场数据由双人录入，在国家结核病参比实验室统一整理分析。结果755例确诊的活动性结核病患者，TB-SA抗体检测法阳性率为74．8％（565／755，95％CI=71．7％-77．9％），远高于涂片阳性率25．6％（193／755）（X^2=366．59，P〈0．0001）和培养阳性率39．6％（21）9／755）（X^2=190．12，P〈0．0001）。在培养阳性结核病患者中，TB-SA抗体检查敏感度为88．5％（255／288，95％CI=84．8％～92．2％）。在菌阴活动性结核病患者中，TB-SA抗体检查敏感度为68．0％（310／456，95％CI=63．7％-72．3％）。TB-SA抗体检测法在活动性结核病患者中的阳性预测值为92．3％（565／612，95％CI=90．2％～94．4％），在健康人群中检测特异度为97．3％（95％CI=94．3％～100．3％）。结论TB-SA抗体检测法在结核病患者中阳性检出率显著高于涂片和培养，适用于结核病，特别是菌阴结核病的诊断；TB-SA抗体检测法诊断结核病的特异度高，可用于人群健康体检。
