On modeling approach for embedded real-time software simulation testing

Modeling technology has been introduced into software testing field. However, how to carry through the testing modeling effectively is still a difficulty. Based on combination of simulation modeling technology and embedded real-time software testing method, the process of simulation testing modeling is studied first. And then, the supporting environment of simulation testing modeling is put forward. Furthermore, an approach of embedded real-time software simulation testing modeling including modeling of cross-linked equipments of system under testing （SUT）, test case, testing scheduling, and testing system service is brought forward. Finally, the formalized description and execution system of testing models are given, with which we can realize real-time, closed loop, mad automated system testing for embedded real-time software.

Real-time embedded software testing method based on extended finite state machine

The reliability of real-time embedded software directly determines the reliability of the whole real-time embedded sys- tem, and the effective software testing is an important way to ensure software quality and reliability. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of real-time embedded software, the formal method is introduced into the real-time embedded software testing field and the real-time extended finite state machine （RT-EFSM） model is studied firstly. Then, the time zone division method of real-time embedded system is presented and the definition and description methods of time-constrained transition equivalence class （timeCTEC） are presented. Furthermore, the approaches of the testing sequence and test case generation are put forward. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a typical avionics real- time embedded software testing practice and the examples of the timeCTEC, testing sequences and test cases are given. With the analysis of the testing result, the application verification shows that the proposed method can effectively describe the real-time embedded software state transition characteristics and real-time requirements and play the advantages of the formal methods in accuracy, effectiveness and the automation supporting. Combined with the testing platform, the real-time, closed loop and automated simulation testing for real-time embedded software can be realized effectively.

REAL-TIME SOFTWARE SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION PROCESS SUPERVISION

The real-time software system for production process supervision is a inte-gral system,including on-line function subsystem for supervision and off-line auxiliarysubsystem for development and diagnosis.This paper introduces a real-time software sys-tem which has been used in a power station for monitoring a large capacity thermal gener-ating unit.The subsystems,environment,performance and development of the system areexplained,and the common problems about real-time software system are described.

Survey on <i>Essential and Accidental Real-Time Issues</i>in Software Engineering

Software product lines have recently been presented as one of the best promis-ing improvements for the efficient software development. Different research works contribute supportive parameters and negotiations regarding the prob-lems of producing a perfect software scheme. Traditional approaches or recy-cling software are not effective to solve the problems concerning software competence. Since fast developments with software engineering in the past few years, studies show that some approaches are getting extensive attention in both industries and universities. This method is categorized as the software product line improvement;that supports reusing of software in big organizations. Different industries are adopting product lines to enhance efficiency and reduce operational expenses by way of emerging product developments. This research paper is formed to offer in-depth study regarding the software engineering issues such as complexity, conformity, changeability, invisibility, time constraints, budget constraints, and security. We have conducted various research surveys by visiting different professional software development organizations and took feedback from the professional software engineers to analyze the real-time problems that they are facing during the development process of software systems. Survey results proved that complexity is a most occurring issue that most software developers face while developing software applications. Moreover, invisibility is the problem that rarely happens according to the survey.

应用Unity Real Time软件建立血细胞分析个性化质控规则的探讨

目的对血细胞分析项目进行六西格玛性能评价,选择个性化质控规则,提出改进方向,为提高检测质量奠定基础。方法根据血细胞分析项目的不精密度[变异系数(CV)]、不正确度[偏移(Bias)]和允许总误差(TEa),应用Unity Real Time质控软件(简称URT)Westgard Advisor功能,得到分析项目西格玛(σ)值、σ度量图和个性化规则等信息。对σ值未能达到6的项目,通过质量目标指数(QGI)查找导致方法性能不佳的主要原因,并根据分析批长度Westgard西格玛规则流程图,确定分析项目分析批长度。结果不同血细胞分析项目性能特征和建议质控规则并不相同,各项目从单独1个规则到多规则均选择了个性化质控规则。对σ值未达到6的分析项目,根据QGI提示,除血红蛋白项目需优先改进正确度外,其他项目均需优先改进精密度;实验室在用检测系统经综合评估后,确定分析批长度为200份,与实际系统每日检测样本量一致。结论应用URT对血细胞分析等定量分析项目进行六西格玛性能评价,可根据性能特征选择个性化质控规则,并根据QGI进行持续改进;根据分析批长度Westgard西格玛规则流程图确定合适的分析批长度,可确保检测质量。

Runtime environment for reflective real-time component

Reflective real-time component model is a special component model, which can identify timing constraint characteristics of component and support dynamic design-time amendment of real-time component according to users＇ requirements. The reflective real-time component runtime environment is a bearing space and reflective infrastructure for this special component model. It consists of three parts and manages the lifecycle and various relevant services of reflective real-time component. In this paper its mechanism and relevant key techniques in design and realization are formally specified with the communicating sequential processing （CSP） and the extended timed communicating sequential processing （TCSP）. Finally a prototype is established. Experimental study shows that this runtime environment can introduce a relevant reflective infrastructure guaranteeing dynamic and real-time features of software component.

An Automatic Testing System of Scheduling Strategies in Real-Time UNIX

This paper proposes a formal model of the automatic testing system for scheduling strategies in real-time UNIX and describes the algorithm of the key part of the system. The model of the system is an important technology of the automatization of software development. According to the model presented in the paper, many different kinds of automatic testing systems can be designed and developed easily. At the end of the paper, the prototype proves the feasibility of the model and design.

Windows and Fieldbus Based Software Computer Numerical Control System

Computer numerical control(CNC)system is the base of modern digital and intelligent manufacturing technolo- gy.And opened its architecture and constituted based on PC and Windows operating system(OS)is the main trend of CNC sys- tem.However,even if the highest system priority is used in user mode,real-time capability of Windows(2000,NT,XP)for applications is not guaranteed.By using a device driver,which is running in kernel mode,the real time performance of Windows can be enhanced greatly.The acknowledgment performance of Windows to peripheral interrupts was evaluated.Harmonized with an intelligent real-time serial communication bus(RTSB),strict real-time performance can be achieved in Windows platform. An opened architecture software CNC system which is hardware independence is proposed based on PC and RTSB.A numerical control real time kernel(NCRTK),which is implemented as a device driver on Windows,is used to perform the NC tasks.Tasks are divided into real-time and non real-time.Real-time task is running in kernel mode and non real-time task is running in user mode.Data are exchanged between kernel and user mode by DMA and Windows Messages.

Alternative Approach for Studying Contractility of the Isolated Muscle Preparations in Real-Time Mode

The real-time control over the observed parameters is known to be necessary during the experiments with biological objects. The use of approaches, such as real-time operating systems, often requires significant material or human resources (operating time, the special administration and programming skills and etc.). In this paper we propose an alternative approach for the implementation of real-time mode in the experiments on muscle preparations (papillary muscles, trabeculae, walls of vessels) based on an external input-output cards with built-in analog-to-digital/digital-to-analog converters and signal processor. As a result, we developed a hardware-software complex for studying the mechanical properties of biological materials (muscles) in real-time mode. This solution has a convenient and easy-to-use user interface, and requires a minimum of computing resources and minimal cost of electricity.

空间视觉测量相机地面检测及显示系统

为了给空间视觉测量相机的研制提供测试环境,充分测试空间视觉测量相机的功能及性能,基于相机的工作特点和实际测试需求,设计了空间视觉测量相机的地面检测及显示系统。地面检测及显示系统由一台高性能计算机、一台图像接收设备、图像显示软件和通信软件组成,适用于空间视觉测量相机单机、环境试验等多种情况测试。通信软件采取分布式设计,分为1个中心服务器软件、4个客户端软件;软件采用MFC架构,多线程方式运行,软件间采取TCP/IP协议进行通信。其中中心服务器软件负责与相机之间进行通信,通信协议为RS422;4个客户端软件分别实现对相机的指令控制、遥测数据的显示及监测、自动运行及在轨更新功能验证。经过多次单机测试及超过400 h的环境试验测试,空间视觉测量相机地面检测及显示系统运行稳定,对相机的各项功能及性能均能实现测试覆盖,能够满足相机研制过程中的各项测试及试验需求,提高了相机研制的测试效率。

Time Petri网在实时软件测试中的应用

针对实时软件传统测试方法的不足 ,提出了用TimePetri网来生成测试方案的方法。该方法很好地处理了与时间有关的不确定性问题 ,具体例子说明了其在实时软件测试中的应用。

基于GPU的北斗B1宽带复合信号实时发生器设计

为了实现北斗B1C+B1I信号的联合生成,提出一种基于软件无线电和图形处理器(graphics processing unit,GPU)加速的北斗B1宽带复合信号的实时生成方法,该方法针对单边带复数二进制偏移载波(single-sideband complex binary offset carrier,SCBOC)调制方式的信号体制进行设计,系统根据用户配置的接收机运动轨迹和星历文件,生成中频信号并通过射频端发射。为了进一步提升GPU并行运算速度,从优化设备内存结构、设计并行线程架构和统一计算设备架构流(compute unified device architecture stream,CUDA)加速3个方面,设计了基于异步运算的加速采样点数据计算的CUDA优化实现方案。测试结果证明,优化后的算法可以基于SCBOC调制实时生成北斗B1I+B1C信号,基于GTX3060的GPU平台,信号90 M采样率下能实现8颗卫星复合信号的实时生成。

璇玑系统实时监控与预警软件设计及实现

在使用随钻测井和旋转导向钻井工具进行作业的过程中,不仅需要实时监控井下的仪器状态,避免出现仪器失效风险,而且需要对测井数据、井眼轨迹等进行数据分析,实时调控井眼轨迹,以提高油层钻遇率。基于中海油服自研的璇玑随钻测井和旋转导向系统,设计了一种实时监控与预警软件框架,可满足多数据源、多应用场景的监控需求。实钻数据表明,该软件稳定性高、扩展性强,可为相关监控预警软件的开发提供参考。

工业实时操作系统关键技术及发展趋势研究

工业实时操作系统(RTOS)广泛应用于工业自动化、军事、电力、新能源等重要场景中,发挥着中枢神经系统的关键作用。当前,我国工业实时操作系统产业规模持续提升,但整体水平仍落后于发达国家,关键领域国产化率较低,缺乏完善的生态系统建设。本文阐述了工业实时操作系统的概念及关键作用,分析了国内外整体市场现状及代表性产品,梳理了工业实时操作系统内核、中间件、辅助设计工具等关键技术及相关现有研究基础,并进一步指出其轻量化、虚拟化、跨平台等发展趋势,为国产工业实时操作系统加速发展应用提供参考。

多体制卫星导航信号实时模拟仿真与处理技术

全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS)接收信号弱、采集困难的场景下,可控性高、灵活性好的GNSS软件模拟器优势尽显。目前的软件模拟器频点少、精度不高、运行速度慢,基于C/C++实现了高精度GPS/BDS/Galileo卫星导航实时模拟与处理系统,着重研究GNSS信号模拟端的算法与并行加速技术,完成了配置模块、相位计算模块、信号生成模块和复合量化模块的设计与实现,对相位计算模块进行GPU加速处理。采用差值拟合方法解决了采样信号伪距精度低的问题,采用基于CUDA架构的GPU/CPU协同运算加速方案,设计并开发了多体制卫星导航信号实时模拟仿真与处理系统架构。系统产生了GPS L1C/A、BDS B1I、BDS B2a、BDS B1C和GAL E1五个频点的数字中频信号,利用搭建的测试验证平台,验证了系统可用性,评估了不同场景、不同参数条件下的系统定位性能与加速效果。CUDA优化方法加速效果显著,BDS B1C、GAL E1、BDS B2a、BDS B1I和GPS L1C/A频点的加速比(加速前后运行速度之比)分别为12.30、9.07、7.21、2.86、2.27,其中GPS L1C/A频点基本可以实现实时模拟与接收及实时定位。

信息工程中基于软件设计的实时数据处理与分析技术研究

本文基于软件设计原则构建了适用于实时环境的软件模块,探索信息工程领域的实时数据处理与分析技术。通过系统梳理发展现状和关键理论,选择合适的开发环境和工具,并深入分析软件开发流程。实践案例验证表明,该技术能高效处理实时数据,为各行业提供可靠的解决方案,对信息工程领域发展具有指导作用。

火电厂环保数据通信实时监控软件的研究

针对火电厂除尘、脱硝上位机电脑时间偏差大,可能影响环保数据正常传输的问题,介绍了一种自主设计开发的环保数据通信软件。该通信监控软件用于监视厂内网服务器上环保数据的接收情况,通过实时检测内网服务器环保数据文件的刷新情况,实现对厂内3个数据传输环节通信状况的监视,同时扩展了监视文件中时间正确性的判别功能。结果表明,该通信软件使用方便、实用性强,能及时检测大部分通信故障,有效减少环保考核的发生。

实时反馈系统在外科住院医师手术参与量中的作用

目的探讨一款实时反馈医院外科基地住院医师完成手术操作情况的软件系统在外科住院医师手术参与中的作用。方法2021年8月—2023年7月,选取上海交通大学医学院附属第一人民医院2022级外科基地住院医师26名作为试验组,在住院医师规范化培训(以下简称住培)的第1年里使用该实时反馈系统,2021级外科住院医师20名作为对照组,住培的第1年里仍使用自行填报的方式报告完成手术的情况。最终均通过医院手术室管理系统,调取2021级和2022级外科基地住院医师住培第1年的手术情况进行比较分析。同时比较试验组与对照组年度综合考操作考试的成绩。并发放问卷,调查试验组住院医师和带教老师使用该系统后的反馈。结果试验组住院医师平均总手术量为(222.91±79.12)台,作为一助平均手术量为(32.58±17.30)台,作为二助平均手术量为(190.32±79.83)台。对照组住院医师平均总手术量为(134.90±68.20)台,作为一助平均手术量为(32.45±14.79)台,作为二助平均手术量为(102.41±148.94)台。试验组住院医师的总手术量和作为二助参与的手术量均多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在三级学科手术参与量的比较中,试验组住院医师普外科和泌尿外科手术参与量多于对照组,试验组的年度操作考成绩高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。调查问卷的结果同样反映出该实时反馈系统在住院医师和带教老师方面均获得了肯定的意见。结论手术实时反馈软件的使用有助于提高外科住院医师手术参与,提升住院医师规范化培训的效果。

基于CUDA加速的GPS L1C/A实时信号发生器设计

提出了一种基于软件无线电和CUDA(Compute Unified Device Architecture)加速的GPS L1C/A信号生成方法,系统根据用户自定义轨迹和卫星星历产生中频信号,并通过USRP(Universal Software Radio Peripheral)在相应的射频频点发射,由此实现了实时卫星导航信号的播发。为了提升GPU的并行计算速度,从设备内存优化、并行结构优化、CUDA流加速三个角度来对算法进行改进,提出了一种基于异步运算思想的针对采样点数据加速计算的CUDA优化实现方案。测试结果表明,优化后的算法能够产生高速、实时的卫星信号,在RTX1050TI设备上,可以做到信号195 MHz采样率,10颗可见卫星情况下卫星信号的实时生成。

基于变流器组的软件定义电能路由器试验平台

电能路由器将在以微网为基本单元的未来能源互联网中占据核心地位,针对电能路由器采用定制化设计存在的功能单一、灵活性低下等问题,该文利用软件定义技术对电能路由器进行研究,采用数字实时仿真和模块化变流器融合技术,实现软件定义电能路由器工具化实验平台的设计搭建,并通过分析研究一个九端口电能路由器的实用案例证明了方案的有效性和可行性。所提方法为电能路由器提供了一种面向工程实施的试验新范式,使得电能路由器设计向“硬件模块化+功能软件化”模式演进,更好地推进未来电能路由器的智能化、体系化发展。