“The Belt and Road”cooperation initiative contains Chinese excellent traditional cultural ideas,and is deeply rooted in Chinese excellent traditional culture.The proposal of“the Belt and Road”cooperation initiativ...“The Belt and Road”cooperation initiative contains Chinese excellent traditional cultural ideas,and is deeply rooted in Chinese excellent traditional culture.The proposal of“the Belt and Road”cooperation initiative is not only the strategic need to implement the“going out”of Chinese culture,but also the need to promote cultural exchanges and mutual learning among countries along“the Belt and Road”,and more importantly,the practical consideration of building a community of shared future for mankind with cultural identity.Confucius classroom,as one of the important platforms to realize the“going out”of Chinese culture,shows the“image of China”and enhances the“soft power”of Chinese culture,integrates and configures Chinese teaching and Chinese cultural resources through cooperation,and plays an important role in telling Chinese stories,spreading Chinese voice,enhancing cultural mutual trust and people-to-people contacts as well as the awareness of a community of shared future for mankind.Taking the Confucius classroom jointly built by Huanggang Normal University in China and Sabaragamuwa University in Sri Lanka as an example,this paper explores some effective transmission ways for spreading Chinese excellent traditional culture in Sri Lankan Confucius classroom under the background of“the Belt and Road”cooperation initiative,aiming to give full play to the role of Confucius classroom in cultural exchanges and enhance inter-school exchanges and cooperation between China and Sri Lanka in terms of cultural mutual trust and respect.展开更多
International transmission of Chinese medical culture is of great importance for the worldwide spread of traditional Chinese culture, which faces many problems, like the serious impact from western medicine and other ...International transmission of Chinese medical culture is of great importance for the worldwide spread of traditional Chinese culture, which faces many problems, like the serious impact from western medicine and other traditional medicines, low professional quality of its practitioners, language barriers, etc. It's urgent to propose some practical solutions.展开更多
The Belt and Road initiative has promoted the connotative development and export of Chinese culture.To ensure a good international display and going globally of Chinese culture,we could follow such paths as excavating...The Belt and Road initiative has promoted the connotative development and export of Chinese culture.To ensure a good international display and going globally of Chinese culture,we could follow such paths as excavating the rich elements of traditional Chinese culture,shaping the fine works,creating culture brands with Chinese characteristics,developing new culture brands,opening up the cultural market,strengthening cultural dialogue,innovating cultural transmission paths by gathering the cultural forces at home and abroad,and enhancing the appeal of national culture so as to increase the closeness and recognition of people along the route.展开更多
An unprecedented catastrophe shrouded over the Chinese Empire ruled by the Yuan Dynasty and Medieval Europe-the Black Death during the 14th century with rapid spread,widespread impact,serious damage to property,and su...An unprecedented catastrophe shrouded over the Chinese Empire ruled by the Yuan Dynasty and Medieval Europe-the Black Death during the 14th century with rapid spread,widespread impact,serious damage to property,and substantial deaths and injuries.In the aftermath of the Black Death,lifestyle changes were made and more sensible bathing habits evolved.In feudal China,Bathing Culture had variously adapted to each dynasty;while its existence in the West was heavily influenced by religion and other factors.In the post-pandemic era,this paper is dedicated to exploring the possible relevance of Bathing Cultures to the Black Death,and to conducting a comparative study of the plague spread in Yuan and Europe and its impact on ethnic Bathing Cultures,reckoning to present informative information to regular prevention and control of the following pandemics.展开更多
Since Education is the transmission of Culture, the study examined the transmission of the Nigerian culture through Education at the primary school level, since 1960, the year of Nigerian's independence, till date. H...Since Education is the transmission of Culture, the study examined the transmission of the Nigerian culture through Education at the primary school level, since 1960, the year of Nigerian's independence, till date. Historical research method was adopted for the study and data were analyzed using primary sources like; oral interviews and archival materials, while publications like; textbooks, articles in journals, file document, speeches and workshop papers were used as secondary sources. The focuses of the paper are to define culture, analyze the relationship between culture and education, examine the primary school curriculum in Nigeria, trace the transmission processes of the Nigerian culture through primary education, consider few challenges of primary education in the promotion of Nigerian culture and offer suggestions to improve the role of primary education in Nigeria in this regards. The findings revealed that, the western education introduced by the British colonial masters, was patterned after European culture for promotion of their educational philosophies and missionary activities. Subjects like: Latin, English language, Religious studies, simple Arithmetic, artisans and others were included in the earlier curriculum for the benefit of the European economic, social, religious and political ambitions. As Nigerians agitated for independence, unity and fi'eedom, the educational policies began to change to meeting the local needs of Nigerians at all levels of education. The Phelps-Stokes Commission report of 1922 exposed the inadequacies of educational curriculum used in the Nigerian schools, as not meeting the needs of the people. The 1969 Curriculum conference however, brought a complete revolution to the primary school education in the areas of relevance. For instance, subject like: Yoruba, Hausa and Igbo which were major Nigerian languages, Civic Education and Fine Arts were introduced into the primary school curriculum so as to create in-depth awareness for cultural transmission. The roles of such educational bodies like: NERDC and CESAC were fully discussed in the paper. Policies like: Universal Primary Education (UPE) and Universal Basic Education (UBE) introduced in 1976 and 2004 respectively, were efforts of the government at transforming primary education through culture. Challenges like: inadequate funding, personnel problem and implementation problem were indentified. It is therefore recommended that adequate funding be allocated and made available as well as employment of sufficient qualified personnel. There should be strong political will to make policies effective and people's interest should be carried along in policies formulations and implementations.展开更多
To evaluate and improve the real-time performance of Ethernet for plant automation(EPA) industrial Ethernet,the real-time performance of EPA periodic data transmission was theoretically and experimentally studied.By...To evaluate and improve the real-time performance of Ethernet for plant automation(EPA) industrial Ethernet,the real-time performance of EPA periodic data transmission was theoretically and experimentally studied.By analyzing information transmission regularity and EPA deterministic scheduling mechanism,periodic messages were categorized as different modes according to their entering-queue time.The scheduling characteristics and delivery time of each mode and their interacting relations were studied,during which the models of real-time performance of periodic information transmission in EPA system were established.On this basis,an experimental platform is developed to test the delivery time of periodic messages transmission in EPA system.According to the analysis and the experiment,the main factors that limit the real-time performance of EPA periodic data transmission and the improvement methods were proposed.展开更多
Some specified chips in traditional Manchester-Ⅱencoding/decoding designs are used to guarantee strictly the stability of the input wave,otherwise the capacity of anti-interference and resilience are degraded serious...Some specified chips in traditional Manchester-Ⅱencoding/decoding designs are used to guarantee strictly the stability of the input wave,otherwise the capacity of anti-interference and resilience are degraded seriously.In this paper,a new Manchester-Ⅱencoding/ decoding system is used for nuclear logging by a 7 000 m armoring cable.A thorough hardware wave tracking decoding algorithm is proposed and realized in a FPGA hardware chip.An on-site measurements show that this transmission system can decode correctly in real time,with a bit error rate of better than 10^(-10).展开更多
For the convenience of people with disability and for normal people, a demand for intelligent interfaces is ever increasing and therefore related studies are actively being conducted. Recently a study is being conduct...For the convenience of people with disability and for normal people, a demand for intelligent interfaces is ever increasing and therefore related studies are actively being conducted. Recently a study is being conducted to develop an interface through face expression, movement of the body and eye movements, and further more active attempts to use electrical signals(brainwave, electrocardiogram, electromyogram) measured from the human body is also actively being progressed. In addition, the development and the usage of mobile devices and smart devices are promoting these research activities even more. The brainwave is measured by electrical activities between nerve cells in the cerebral cortex using scalp electrodes. The brainwave is mainly used for diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as epilepsy, encephalitis, brain tumors and brain damage. As a result, the brainwave measurement methods and analytical methods were developed. Interface using the brainwave will not go through language or body behavior which is the result of the information processed by the brain but will pass directly to the system providing a brain-computer interface (BCI). This is possible because a variety of the brainwave appears depending on the human’s physical and mental state. Using the brainwave with the intelligent brain-computer interface or combining it with mobile devices and smart devices, regardless of space constraints, the brainwave measurement should be possible.[4,7] In this study, in order to measure the brainwave without spatial constraint, 16 channel compact brainwave measurements system using a high-speed wireless communications were designed. It was designed with a 16 channel to classify the various brainwave patterns that appear and for estimating the location of the nerve cells that triggered the brainwave. And in order to transmit the brainwave data within the channel without loss, a high-speed wireless communication must be possible that can enable a high-speed wireless transmission more sufficient than the Bluetooth, therefore, 802.11 compliant Wi-Fi communication methods were used to transfer the data to the PC. In addition, by using an analog front-end IC having a single-chip configuration with real-time digital filters, the miniaturization of the system was implemented and in order to verify the system Eye-blocking was used to observe the changes in the EEG signal.展开更多
Objective To study gentamicin injury mechanisms using postnatal mouse cochlear spiral gangcells (SGC). Methods SGCs were isolated using a combinatorial approach of enzymatic digestion and mechanical separation from ...Objective To study gentamicin injury mechanisms using postnatal mouse cochlear spiral gangcells (SGC). Methods SGCs were isolated using a combinatorial approach of enzymatic digestion and mechanical separation from P2 - 6 Kunming mouse cochleae. After 4 days, cultured SGCs were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde at room temperature for immunocytochemical examination using the methods of S-P and the monoclonal antibody against mouse neurofilament protein (Neurofilament-68/200Kda, NF-L+ H). SGCs were randomly divided into a blank control group and three gentamicin treatment groups (medium gentamicin concentration at 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 150 mg/L respectively), SGCs were collected and examined under a transmission electron microscope after being cultured for 48 h. Results SGC primary culture was successful. SGC cytoplasm and neurites were dyed brownish yellow by the monoelonal mouse neurofilament protein antibody. SGCs showed classical bipolar neuron appearance. Under the transmission electron microscope,.gentamicin treated SGCs showed morphological features different compared to those in the blank control group, which might indicate apoptosis. Conclusion Our results indicate that gentamicin has direct toxic effects on cochlear SGCs in mice and the injury mechanism is closely related with apoptosis. Damage to mitochor, dria may play an important role in the process.展开更多
A simulation system for power grid with concentrated large-scale wind farm integration is established based on the electro-magnetic transient model of wind turbine equipped with doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG),w...A simulation system for power grid with concentrated large-scale wind farm integration is established based on the electro-magnetic transient model of wind turbine equipped with doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG),which is built by real-time digital simulator (RTDS).Using the hardware communication interface of RTDS,a closed-loop testing experiment is accomplished to study the impacts of large-scale wind farms on the existing relay protection devices for wind farm outgoing transmission line.This paper points out problems existing in current relay protection devices as follows:fault phase selector can select unwanted phase due to the changes of fault features caused by special network connection of wind farms;blocking condition for distance protections needs to be re-examined due to the weak power-feed characteristics of wind farms;and power frequency parameter based relay protection devices cannot accurately operate due to the special transient voltage and current characteristics of wind farms during fault period.Results lay the foundation for improving the performances of the existing relay protection device and developing new principle relay protection.展开更多
The 5,000-year-history of Chinese culture has produced very rich cultural traditions.However,with the deepening of reform and opening up,some foreign cultures and theories have had a significant impact on the Chinese ...The 5,000-year-history of Chinese culture has produced very rich cultural traditions.However,with the deepening of reform and opening up,some foreign cultures and theories have had a significant impact on the Chinese traditional culture,which has severely restricted its further development.Moreover,there are still many deficiencies in the process of China’s cultural transmission,which leads to the stagnant efficiency and level of cultural communication in the intercultural communication environment.From the perspective of intercultural communication,based on the analysis of the problems existing in China’s cultural transmission,this paper puts forward some suggestions and strategies to promote China’s cultural transmission,and facilitate the development of Chinese culture in the context of the interweaving of world culture.展开更多
In this paper, the model of the online real-time information transmission network, such as wechat, micro-blog, and QQ network, is proposed and built, based on the connection properties between users of the online real...In this paper, the model of the online real-time information transmission network, such as wechat, micro-blog, and QQ network, is proposed and built, based on the connection properties between users of the online real-time information transmission network, and combined with the local world evolving characteristics in complex network, then the statistical topological properties of the network is obtained by numerical simulation. Furthermore, we simulated the process of information transmission on the network, according to the actual characteristics of the online real-time information transmission. Statistics show that the degree distribution presents the characteristics of scale free network, presenting power law distribution, while the average path length, the average clustering coefficient and the average size of the network also has a power-law relationship, moreover, the model parameters has no effect on power-law exponent. The spread of information on the network represents obvious fluctuation scaling, reflecting the characteristics that information transmission fluctuates over time.展开更多
Mammalian feeding behavior is often acquired or improved by learning. Social learners are thought to attain novel information or skills faster and at lower cost than asocial learners. In this study, we examined what t...Mammalian feeding behavior is often acquired or improved by learning. Social learners are thought to attain novel information or skills faster and at lower cost than asocial learners. In this study, we examined what types of learning affect the acquisition of efficient feeding behavior by the wood mouse Apodemus speciosus when feeding on large, hard-shelled walnuts. In house cages, na?ve mice acquired an efficient feeding manner during the 14-day conditioning to walnuts, suggesting individual trial-and-error learning contributes to their feeding skills. Social factors such as learning from walnuts that have been opened by other individuals or by observing walnut consumption by proficient conspecifics did not affect the rate of acquisition of efficient feeding. However, weaned offspring could eat walnuts more efficiently and frequently if the mother had been given walnuts during her rearing period. Thus, the skill is likely transmitted between the mother and offspring in addition to individual self-learning.展开更多
The primary routes of potential human exposure to N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) are ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact. Air, diet and smoking contribute to potential human exposure at levels of a few μg of NDEA...The primary routes of potential human exposure to N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) are ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact. Air, diet and smoking contribute to potential human exposure at levels of a few μg of NDEA/day. Potential exposure depends on the ability of the nitrosamines to migrate from the product into the body. The first step in the metabolic degradation of NDEA by cytochrome oxidase (CYPs) enzymes is the introduction of a hydroxyl group and in human esophage and liver CYP2A3 and CYP2E1 participate on this metabolism. Measuring cytotoxicity in female rat primary hepatocytes cultures, were used to understand the CYP induction and metaboli-zation correlated with low NDEA concentrations. We observed that NDEA at different concentrations in the absence of CYPs inducers, was able to induce CYP2B1, CYP2B2, CYP2E1, CYP3A1 and CYP4A3. A positive NDEA synergistic effect on the levels of mRNA, was observed in the presence of pyrazole (300 μM) for CYP2B1 and CYP2B2 and for pregnenolone 16- carbonitrile (0.15 μM) for CYP2E1. Negative NDEA synergistic effects were observed for ethanol (0.3%) for CYP3A1, pyrazol (300 μM) for CYP2A1 and CYP2E1, and phenobarbital (1 mM) for CYP2A1. These facts are extremally important once that these metabolites can be directly related to the primary DNA lesions. We consider that studies to elucidate the biological factors that determine the shape of the dose-response curve are crucial for low-dose extrapolations of risk.展开更多
Confucian culture runs through the history of China’s development for thousands of years and is the mainstream culture of China.In recent years,Confucian culture has been highly valued overseas,and The Analects of Co...Confucian culture runs through the history of China’s development for thousands of years and is the mainstream culture of China.In recent years,Confucian culture has been highly valued overseas,and The Analects of Confucius has been translated into many languages and spread to various countries.Through the introduction of the translation and introduction of Confucian classics in Russia,this article aims to show the spread of Confucian classics in Russia.Through an analysis of the research done by Russian scholars,this article aims to show the depth of the study of Confucian culture in Russia.By analyzing the influence of Confucianism on people from all walks of life in Russia,this article aims to reveal the universal value of Confucian culture that transcends time and space.We expect the country and Chinese people to pay more attention to traditional culture and introduce Confucian culture into all social strata as soon as possible.In particular,schools at all levels should comprehensively improve the cultural literacy of the whole nation and enhance the national cultural confidence.展开更多
The major program of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences completed in 2012, entitled “The Research on Myths and Legends about Chinese Civilization Source”, led to such a conclusion: The imaginative myths and legends ...The major program of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences completed in 2012, entitled “The Research on Myths and Legends about Chinese Civilization Source”, led to such a conclusion: The imaginative myths and legends generated along with the Chinese civilization has a profound prehistoric root, far beyond the limit of the Chinese character generation period. The main path of Chinese myths and legends lies in the jade mythology and resulting jade belief. When viewing the origin of jade from a perspective of mythology, we find each major jade (e.g., jade ring, jade arc) form is covertly driven by a mythological concept. The investigation of the era and regional distribution of unearthed jade wares may outline the spreading path map of the jade mythology and belief.展开更多
In the new historical period, China needs to show the nation's values and national spirit. With the advent of the era of globalization, the strength of a country is not only reflected in the economy, cultural factors...In the new historical period, China needs to show the nation's values and national spirit. With the advent of the era of globalization, the strength of a country is not only reflected in the economy, cultural factors will play an increasingly important role in the social development process in 2 lth century. The impact of cultural soft power and communication is essential for a country to power. In the process of going to the world, and in line with the international community, the Chinese culture will inevitably have a dialogue with the West. China will catch up with the world's advanced level. We must pay attention to enhance the competitiveness of culture and penetration. The paper analyzes the historical and present Chinese culture oversea transmission and the effects of the transmissions. The paper has three parts---the first part is the history of Chinese culture transmission; the second part is the present Chinese transmission; and the third part is the effects of Chinese culture transmission.展开更多
With the development of economy and international communication, Chinese culture is going out of the country and is known by the world. The paper analyzes the historical and present Chinese culture oversea transmissio...With the development of economy and international communication, Chinese culture is going out of the country and is known by the world. The paper analyzes the historical and present Chinese culture oversea transmission and the strategies of the transmissions. The paper has three parts: The first part is the history of Chinese culture transmission, the second part is the present Chinese transmission, and the third part is the strategies of Chinese culture transmission. And in the conclusion, it is made clear that everyone going abroad or in front of the foreigners is transmitting Chinese culture in one way or another. In order to make Chinese culture popular, some methods should be taken for Chinese visiting or going to other countries.展开更多
基金2021 China-Sri Lanka Cultural Exchange and Economic Development Research Center Project of Huanggang Normal University:“Research on the Dissemination and Translation of Chinese Classical Poetry in Sri Lanka From the Perspective of‘the Belt and Road’”.The research results of the project were funded by the China-Sri Lanka Cultural Exchange and Economic Development Research Center of Huanggang Normal University(Fund Project No.:202126504).
文摘“The Belt and Road”cooperation initiative contains Chinese excellent traditional cultural ideas,and is deeply rooted in Chinese excellent traditional culture.The proposal of“the Belt and Road”cooperation initiative is not only the strategic need to implement the“going out”of Chinese culture,but also the need to promote cultural exchanges and mutual learning among countries along“the Belt and Road”,and more importantly,the practical consideration of building a community of shared future for mankind with cultural identity.Confucius classroom,as one of the important platforms to realize the“going out”of Chinese culture,shows the“image of China”and enhances the“soft power”of Chinese culture,integrates and configures Chinese teaching and Chinese cultural resources through cooperation,and plays an important role in telling Chinese stories,spreading Chinese voice,enhancing cultural mutual trust and people-to-people contacts as well as the awareness of a community of shared future for mankind.Taking the Confucius classroom jointly built by Huanggang Normal University in China and Sabaragamuwa University in Sri Lanka as an example,this paper explores some effective transmission ways for spreading Chinese excellent traditional culture in Sri Lankan Confucius classroom under the background of“the Belt and Road”cooperation initiative,aiming to give full play to the role of Confucius classroom in cultural exchanges and enhance inter-school exchanges and cooperation between China and Sri Lanka in terms of cultural mutual trust and respect.
基金sponsored by academic programs of Hubei provincial department of education(15Q112)
文摘International transmission of Chinese medical culture is of great importance for the worldwide spread of traditional Chinese culture, which faces many problems, like the serious impact from western medicine and other traditional medicines, low professional quality of its practitioners, language barriers, etc. It's urgent to propose some practical solutions.
基金one of the results of the project supported by National Education Science Planning Project(A study on the cross-cultural sensitivity of Xinjiang minority preparatory students—a case study of a university,No.EMA180452)
文摘The Belt and Road initiative has promoted the connotative development and export of Chinese culture.To ensure a good international display and going globally of Chinese culture,we could follow such paths as excavating the rich elements of traditional Chinese culture,shaping the fine works,creating culture brands with Chinese characteristics,developing new culture brands,opening up the cultural market,strengthening cultural dialogue,innovating cultural transmission paths by gathering the cultural forces at home and abroad,and enhancing the appeal of national culture so as to increase the closeness and recognition of people along the route.
文摘An unprecedented catastrophe shrouded over the Chinese Empire ruled by the Yuan Dynasty and Medieval Europe-the Black Death during the 14th century with rapid spread,widespread impact,serious damage to property,and substantial deaths and injuries.In the aftermath of the Black Death,lifestyle changes were made and more sensible bathing habits evolved.In feudal China,Bathing Culture had variously adapted to each dynasty;while its existence in the West was heavily influenced by religion and other factors.In the post-pandemic era,this paper is dedicated to exploring the possible relevance of Bathing Cultures to the Black Death,and to conducting a comparative study of the plague spread in Yuan and Europe and its impact on ethnic Bathing Cultures,reckoning to present informative information to regular prevention and control of the following pandemics.
文摘Since Education is the transmission of Culture, the study examined the transmission of the Nigerian culture through Education at the primary school level, since 1960, the year of Nigerian's independence, till date. Historical research method was adopted for the study and data were analyzed using primary sources like; oral interviews and archival materials, while publications like; textbooks, articles in journals, file document, speeches and workshop papers were used as secondary sources. The focuses of the paper are to define culture, analyze the relationship between culture and education, examine the primary school curriculum in Nigeria, trace the transmission processes of the Nigerian culture through primary education, consider few challenges of primary education in the promotion of Nigerian culture and offer suggestions to improve the role of primary education in Nigeria in this regards. The findings revealed that, the western education introduced by the British colonial masters, was patterned after European culture for promotion of their educational philosophies and missionary activities. Subjects like: Latin, English language, Religious studies, simple Arithmetic, artisans and others were included in the earlier curriculum for the benefit of the European economic, social, religious and political ambitions. As Nigerians agitated for independence, unity and fi'eedom, the educational policies began to change to meeting the local needs of Nigerians at all levels of education. The Phelps-Stokes Commission report of 1922 exposed the inadequacies of educational curriculum used in the Nigerian schools, as not meeting the needs of the people. The 1969 Curriculum conference however, brought a complete revolution to the primary school education in the areas of relevance. For instance, subject like: Yoruba, Hausa and Igbo which were major Nigerian languages, Civic Education and Fine Arts were introduced into the primary school curriculum so as to create in-depth awareness for cultural transmission. The roles of such educational bodies like: NERDC and CESAC were fully discussed in the paper. Policies like: Universal Primary Education (UPE) and Universal Basic Education (UBE) introduced in 1976 and 2004 respectively, were efforts of the government at transforming primary education through culture. Challenges like: inadequate funding, personnel problem and implementation problem were indentified. It is therefore recommended that adequate funding be allocated and made available as well as employment of sufficient qualified personnel. There should be strong political will to make policies effective and people's interest should be carried along in policies formulations and implementations.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2006AA040301-4,2007AA041301-6)
文摘To evaluate and improve the real-time performance of Ethernet for plant automation(EPA) industrial Ethernet,the real-time performance of EPA periodic data transmission was theoretically and experimentally studied.By analyzing information transmission regularity and EPA deterministic scheduling mechanism,periodic messages were categorized as different modes according to their entering-queue time.The scheduling characteristics and delivery time of each mode and their interacting relations were studied,during which the models of real-time performance of periodic information transmission in EPA system were established.On this basis,an experimental platform is developed to test the delivery time of periodic messages transmission in EPA system.According to the analysis and the experiment,the main factors that limit the real-time performance of EPA periodic data transmission and the improvement methods were proposed.
基金Supported by the China National High Technology Research and Development Program(863 Plans) funding for this project(No,2006AA09A102-02)
文摘Some specified chips in traditional Manchester-Ⅱencoding/decoding designs are used to guarantee strictly the stability of the input wave,otherwise the capacity of anti-interference and resilience are degraded seriously.In this paper,a new Manchester-Ⅱencoding/ decoding system is used for nuclear logging by a 7 000 m armoring cable.A thorough hardware wave tracking decoding algorithm is proposed and realized in a FPGA hardware chip.An on-site measurements show that this transmission system can decode correctly in real time,with a bit error rate of better than 10^(-10).
文摘For the convenience of people with disability and for normal people, a demand for intelligent interfaces is ever increasing and therefore related studies are actively being conducted. Recently a study is being conducted to develop an interface through face expression, movement of the body and eye movements, and further more active attempts to use electrical signals(brainwave, electrocardiogram, electromyogram) measured from the human body is also actively being progressed. In addition, the development and the usage of mobile devices and smart devices are promoting these research activities even more. The brainwave is measured by electrical activities between nerve cells in the cerebral cortex using scalp electrodes. The brainwave is mainly used for diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as epilepsy, encephalitis, brain tumors and brain damage. As a result, the brainwave measurement methods and analytical methods were developed. Interface using the brainwave will not go through language or body behavior which is the result of the information processed by the brain but will pass directly to the system providing a brain-computer interface (BCI). This is possible because a variety of the brainwave appears depending on the human’s physical and mental state. Using the brainwave with the intelligent brain-computer interface or combining it with mobile devices and smart devices, regardless of space constraints, the brainwave measurement should be possible.[4,7] In this study, in order to measure the brainwave without spatial constraint, 16 channel compact brainwave measurements system using a high-speed wireless communications were designed. It was designed with a 16 channel to classify the various brainwave patterns that appear and for estimating the location of the nerve cells that triggered the brainwave. And in order to transmit the brainwave data within the channel without loss, a high-speed wireless communication must be possible that can enable a high-speed wireless transmission more sufficient than the Bluetooth, therefore, 802.11 compliant Wi-Fi communication methods were used to transfer the data to the PC. In addition, by using an analog front-end IC having a single-chip configuration with real-time digital filters, the miniaturization of the system was implemented and in order to verify the system Eye-blocking was used to observe the changes in the EEG signal.
文摘Objective To study gentamicin injury mechanisms using postnatal mouse cochlear spiral gangcells (SGC). Methods SGCs were isolated using a combinatorial approach of enzymatic digestion and mechanical separation from P2 - 6 Kunming mouse cochleae. After 4 days, cultured SGCs were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde at room temperature for immunocytochemical examination using the methods of S-P and the monoclonal antibody against mouse neurofilament protein (Neurofilament-68/200Kda, NF-L+ H). SGCs were randomly divided into a blank control group and three gentamicin treatment groups (medium gentamicin concentration at 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 150 mg/L respectively), SGCs were collected and examined under a transmission electron microscope after being cultured for 48 h. Results SGC primary culture was successful. SGC cytoplasm and neurites were dyed brownish yellow by the monoelonal mouse neurofilament protein antibody. SGCs showed classical bipolar neuron appearance. Under the transmission electron microscope,.gentamicin treated SGCs showed morphological features different compared to those in the blank control group, which might indicate apoptosis. Conclusion Our results indicate that gentamicin has direct toxic effects on cochlear SGCs in mice and the injury mechanism is closely related with apoptosis. Damage to mitochor, dria may play an important role in the process.
基金supported by the Special Fund of the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No.2009CB219704)
文摘A simulation system for power grid with concentrated large-scale wind farm integration is established based on the electro-magnetic transient model of wind turbine equipped with doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG),which is built by real-time digital simulator (RTDS).Using the hardware communication interface of RTDS,a closed-loop testing experiment is accomplished to study the impacts of large-scale wind farms on the existing relay protection devices for wind farm outgoing transmission line.This paper points out problems existing in current relay protection devices as follows:fault phase selector can select unwanted phase due to the changes of fault features caused by special network connection of wind farms;blocking condition for distance protections needs to be re-examined due to the weak power-feed characteristics of wind farms;and power frequency parameter based relay protection devices cannot accurately operate due to the special transient voltage and current characteristics of wind farms during fault period.Results lay the foundation for improving the performances of the existing relay protection device and developing new principle relay protection.
文摘The 5,000-year-history of Chinese culture has produced very rich cultural traditions.However,with the deepening of reform and opening up,some foreign cultures and theories have had a significant impact on the Chinese traditional culture,which has severely restricted its further development.Moreover,there are still many deficiencies in the process of China’s cultural transmission,which leads to the stagnant efficiency and level of cultural communication in the intercultural communication environment.From the perspective of intercultural communication,based on the analysis of the problems existing in China’s cultural transmission,this paper puts forward some suggestions and strategies to promote China’s cultural transmission,and facilitate the development of Chinese culture in the context of the interweaving of world culture.
文摘In this paper, the model of the online real-time information transmission network, such as wechat, micro-blog, and QQ network, is proposed and built, based on the connection properties between users of the online real-time information transmission network, and combined with the local world evolving characteristics in complex network, then the statistical topological properties of the network is obtained by numerical simulation. Furthermore, we simulated the process of information transmission on the network, according to the actual characteristics of the online real-time information transmission. Statistics show that the degree distribution presents the characteristics of scale free network, presenting power law distribution, while the average path length, the average clustering coefficient and the average size of the network also has a power-law relationship, moreover, the model parameters has no effect on power-law exponent. The spread of information on the network represents obvious fluctuation scaling, reflecting the characteristics that information transmission fluctuates over time.
文摘Mammalian feeding behavior is often acquired or improved by learning. Social learners are thought to attain novel information or skills faster and at lower cost than asocial learners. In this study, we examined what types of learning affect the acquisition of efficient feeding behavior by the wood mouse Apodemus speciosus when feeding on large, hard-shelled walnuts. In house cages, na?ve mice acquired an efficient feeding manner during the 14-day conditioning to walnuts, suggesting individual trial-and-error learning contributes to their feeding skills. Social factors such as learning from walnuts that have been opened by other individuals or by observing walnut consumption by proficient conspecifics did not affect the rate of acquisition of efficient feeding. However, weaned offspring could eat walnuts more efficiently and frequently if the mother had been given walnuts during her rearing period. Thus, the skill is likely transmitted between the mother and offspring in addition to individual self-learning.
文摘The primary routes of potential human exposure to N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) are ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact. Air, diet and smoking contribute to potential human exposure at levels of a few μg of NDEA/day. Potential exposure depends on the ability of the nitrosamines to migrate from the product into the body. The first step in the metabolic degradation of NDEA by cytochrome oxidase (CYPs) enzymes is the introduction of a hydroxyl group and in human esophage and liver CYP2A3 and CYP2E1 participate on this metabolism. Measuring cytotoxicity in female rat primary hepatocytes cultures, were used to understand the CYP induction and metaboli-zation correlated with low NDEA concentrations. We observed that NDEA at different concentrations in the absence of CYPs inducers, was able to induce CYP2B1, CYP2B2, CYP2E1, CYP3A1 and CYP4A3. A positive NDEA synergistic effect on the levels of mRNA, was observed in the presence of pyrazole (300 μM) for CYP2B1 and CYP2B2 and for pregnenolone 16- carbonitrile (0.15 μM) for CYP2E1. Negative NDEA synergistic effects were observed for ethanol (0.3%) for CYP3A1, pyrazol (300 μM) for CYP2A1 and CYP2E1, and phenobarbital (1 mM) for CYP2A1. These facts are extremally important once that these metabolites can be directly related to the primary DNA lesions. We consider that studies to elucidate the biological factors that determine the shape of the dose-response curve are crucial for low-dose extrapolations of risk.
文摘Confucian culture runs through the history of China’s development for thousands of years and is the mainstream culture of China.In recent years,Confucian culture has been highly valued overseas,and The Analects of Confucius has been translated into many languages and spread to various countries.Through the introduction of the translation and introduction of Confucian classics in Russia,this article aims to show the spread of Confucian classics in Russia.Through an analysis of the research done by Russian scholars,this article aims to show the depth of the study of Confucian culture in Russia.By analyzing the influence of Confucianism on people from all walks of life in Russia,this article aims to reveal the universal value of Confucian culture that transcends time and space.We expect the country and Chinese people to pay more attention to traditional culture and introduce Confucian culture into all social strata as soon as possible.In particular,schools at all levels should comprehensively improve the cultural literacy of the whole nation and enhance the national cultural confidence.
文摘The major program of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences completed in 2012, entitled “The Research on Myths and Legends about Chinese Civilization Source”, led to such a conclusion: The imaginative myths and legends generated along with the Chinese civilization has a profound prehistoric root, far beyond the limit of the Chinese character generation period. The main path of Chinese myths and legends lies in the jade mythology and resulting jade belief. When viewing the origin of jade from a perspective of mythology, we find each major jade (e.g., jade ring, jade arc) form is covertly driven by a mythological concept. The investigation of the era and regional distribution of unearthed jade wares may outline the spreading path map of the jade mythology and belief.
文摘In the new historical period, China needs to show the nation's values and national spirit. With the advent of the era of globalization, the strength of a country is not only reflected in the economy, cultural factors will play an increasingly important role in the social development process in 2 lth century. The impact of cultural soft power and communication is essential for a country to power. In the process of going to the world, and in line with the international community, the Chinese culture will inevitably have a dialogue with the West. China will catch up with the world's advanced level. We must pay attention to enhance the competitiveness of culture and penetration. The paper analyzes the historical and present Chinese culture oversea transmission and the effects of the transmissions. The paper has three parts---the first part is the history of Chinese culture transmission; the second part is the present Chinese transmission; and the third part is the effects of Chinese culture transmission.
文摘With the development of economy and international communication, Chinese culture is going out of the country and is known by the world. The paper analyzes the historical and present Chinese culture oversea transmission and the strategies of the transmissions. The paper has three parts: The first part is the history of Chinese culture transmission, the second part is the present Chinese transmission, and the third part is the strategies of Chinese culture transmission. And in the conclusion, it is made clear that everyone going abroad or in front of the foreigners is transmitting Chinese culture in one way or another. In order to make Chinese culture popular, some methods should be taken for Chinese visiting or going to other countries.