FPGA implementation of 500-MHz high-count-rate high-time-resolution real-time digital neutron-gamma discrimination for fast liquid detectors

Fast neutron flux measurements with high count rates and high time resolution have important applications in equipment such as tokamaks.In this study,real-time neutron and gamma discrimination was implemented on a self-developed 500-Msps,12-bit digitizer,and the neutron and gamma spectra were calculated directly on an FPGA.A fast neutron flux measurement system with BC-501A and EJ-309 liquid scintillator detectors was developed and a fast neutron measurement experiment was successfully performed on the HL-2 M tokamak at the Southwestern Institute of Physics,China.The experimental results demonstrated that the system obtained the neutron and gamma spectra with a time accuracy of 1 ms.At count rates of up to 1 Mcps,the figure of merit was greater than 1.05 for energies between 50 keV and 2.8 MeV.

An Efficient Crash Recovery Technique for Real-Time Main Memory Database

This paper presents an efficient recovery scheme suitable for real-time mainmemory database. In the recovery scheme, log records are stored in non-volatile RAM which is dividedinto four different partitions based on transaction types. Similarly, a main memory database isdivided into four partitions based data types. When the using ratio of log store area exceeds thethreshold value, checkpoint procedure is triggered. During executing checkpoint procedure, someuseless log records are deleted. During restart recovery after a crash, partition reloading policyis adopted to assure that critical data are reloaded and restored in advance, so that the databasesystem can be brought up before the entire database is reloaded into main memory. Therefore downtime is obvionsly reduced. Simulation experiments show our recovery scheme obviously improves thesystem performance, and does a favor to meet the dtadlints of real-time transactions.

Design and validation of real-time dynamic spectrum management in OFDM-based HNPLC systems

Time-varying frequency selective attenuation and colored noises are unfavorable characteristics of power line communication(PLC) channels of the low voltage networks.To overcome these disadvantages,a novel real-time dynamic spectrum management(DSM) algorithm in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)-based high-speed narrow-band power line communication(HNPLC) systems is proposed,and the corresponding FPGA circuit is designed and realized.Performance of the proposed DSM is validated with a large amount of network experiments under practical PLC circumstance.As the noise in each narrow subcarrier is approximately Gaussian,the proposed DSM adopts the BER/SER expression formulized via the AWGN channel to provide a handy and universal strategy for power allocation.The real-time requirement is guaranteed by choosing subcarriers in group and employing the same modulation scheme within each transmission.These measures are suitable for any modulation scheme no matter the system criterion is to maximize data rate or minimize power/BER.Algorithm design and hardware implementation of the proposed DSM are given with some flexible and efficient conversions.The DSM circuit is carried out with Xilinx KC705.Simulation and practical experiments validate that the proposed real-time DSM significantly improves system performance.

A dynamic crash recovery scheme for distributed real-time database systems

Recovery performance in the event of failures is very important for distributed real-time database systems. This paper presents a time-cognizant logging-based crash recovery scheme （TCLCRS） that aims at distributed real-time databases, which adopts a main memory database as its ground support. In our scheme, each site maintains a real-time log for local transactions and the subtransactions, which execute at the site, and execte local checkpointing independently. Log records are stored in non-volatile high- speed store, which is divided into four different partitions based on transaction classes. During restart recovery after a site crash, partitioned crash recovery strategy is adopted to ensure that the site can be brought up before the entire local secondary database is reloaded in main memory. The partitioned crash recovery strategy not only guarantees the internal consistency to be recovered, but also guarantee the temporal consistency and recovery of the sates of physical world influenced by uncommitted transactions. Combined with two- phase commit protocol, TCLCRS can guarantee failure atomicity of distributed real-time transactions.

Real-Time Bonner Sphere Spectrometry on the HL-2A Tokamak

Real-time Bonner sphere spectrometry（BSS）at the HL-2A tokamak for the neutron spectrum diagnostic is described.The spectrometer consists of eight different size Bonner spheres made of polyethylene and with a ^3helium-filled detector in the center,pre-amplifiers,and parallelprocessing data acquisition system（DAQ）.Dynamic neutrons from plasma discharges of the HL-2A tokamak were measured and the real-time neutron spectrum was presented.

An Efficient Method of Noroviruses Recovery from Oysters and Clams

Noroviruses (NoVs) are widespread causes of nonbacterial gastroenteritis. Outbreaks of NoVs caused diseases are commonly ascribed to the consumption of contaminated shellfish. The concentration and RNA extraction of NoVs are crucial steps of detecting NoVs in shellfish. This study aimed to select a simple, rapid and highly efficient recovery method of NoVs detection with real-time RT-PCR. Four methods of recovering GI.3 and GII.4 NoVs from spiked digestive tissues of oysters and clams, respectively, were compared, of them, the method involving proteinase K and PEG 8000 was found the most efficient. With this method, 9.3% and 13.1% of GI.3 and GII.4 NoVs were recovered from oysters and 9.6% and 12.3% of GI.3 and GII.4 NoVs were recovered from clams, respectively. This method was further used to detect NoVs in 84 oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and 86 clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) collected from 10 coastal cities in China from Jan. 2011 to Feb. 2012. The NoVs isolation rates were 10.47% of clams (9/86) and 7.14% of oysters (6/84). All the detected NoVs belonged to genotype GII. The NoVs recovery method selected is efficient for NoVs detection in oysters and clams.

Joint compressive spectrum sensing scheme in wideband cognitive radio networks

In this paper,a distributed compressive spectrum sensing scheme in wideband cognitive radio networks is investigated.An analog-to-information converters（AIC） RF front-end sampling structure is proposed which use parallel low rate analog to digital conversions（ADCs） and fewer storage units for wideband spectrum signal sampling.The proposed scheme uses multiple low rate congitive radios（CRs） collecting compressed samples through AICs distritbutedly and recover the signal spectrum jointly.A general joint sparsity model is defined in this scenario,along with a universal recovery algorithm based on simultaneous orthogonal matching pursuit（S-OMP）.Numerical simulations show this algorithm outperforms current existing algorithms under this model and works competently under other existing models.

走滑断裂带三维地震特征增强处理与描述研究

走滑断裂带由于纵向断距小,超深层地震信号弱,常规叠前深度偏移地震资料难以满足超深层断裂带精细描述需求。为提高断裂带成像精度,指导走滑断裂带解释描述和评价部署,以顺北地区走滑断裂带发育区三维地震资料为例,建立了一套以提高地震资料品质的保真保幅优化处理、频谱恢复提高分辨率处理、频谱分解处理、频率域多尺度断裂检测等技术为主的走滑断裂带地震特征增强处理与描述技术,该技术组合有效拓宽了地震数据频带,提高了地震数据分辨率,使超深走滑断裂带成像精度更高,为超深走滑断裂带的精细解释、描述评价、三维雕刻提供了高品质资料基础。结合顺北地区前人研究成果,综合利用频谱恢复提高分辨率处理、频谱分解处理、频率域断裂检测数据,不同尺度断裂带特征及断储关系预测效果更好,为进一步评价断裂带和部署井位提供了技术支撑。

稀土金属基涂层织物的制备与性能表征

利用稀土金属吸收存储光能并再次释放的特性,采用稀土铝酸锶发光粉与水性聚氨酯混合制备的涂层剂对棉织物进行涂覆,开发具有发光功能的服用织物。研究表明,稀土铝酸锶发光粉与水性聚氨酯混合液的黏度与成膜后的断裂强度均随着稀土铝酸锶发光粉含量的增加呈下降的趋势,当稀土铝酸锶发光粉含量大于20%时,下降速率逐渐增大;当稀土铝酸锶发光粉含量为30%时,涂层织物的团聚现象明显,因此,需要控制稀土铝酸锶发光粉含量在25%以内,可兼顾涂层织物的服用性能。涂层织物的荧光光谱在490nm处,顶峰位置随着稀土铝酸锶发光粉含量的增加向左迁移。稀土铝酸锶发光粉含量的增加能提高涂层织物的亮度,改善余辉衰减,染色限制了涂层织物的余辉性能。因此,合理控制稀土铝酸锶发光粉的含量有利于稀土金属基涂层织物的开发与应用。

基于IKNN和LOF的变压器回复电压数据清洗方法研究

基于回复电压极化谱提取特征参量是目前广泛应用的变压器油纸绝缘状态评估方法,但极化谱易受工况干扰、人工失误等因素影响而出现特征数据异常的情况,严重降低评估准确性。针对上述问题,该文提出了一种基于局部离群因子(LOF)和改进K最近邻(IKNN)的回复电压数据清洗方法。首先,选取回复电压极化谱的回复电压极大值Urmax、初始斜率Sr与主时间常数tcdom作为老化特征参量,并基于LOF算法对非标准极化谱中的异常特征量数据进行识别与筛除。其次,利用模糊C均值(FCM)聚类算法减小噪声点对KNN算法的干扰,并通过加权欧氏距离标度突出各特征量间的关联性,进而构建出基于IKNN的数据填补模型架构以实现特征缺失数据的填补。最后,代入多组实测数据验证所提数据清洗方法的实效性。结果表明,数据清洗后的状态评估准确率相较于原有数据上升了50%左右,有效提高了变压器回复电压数据质量,为准确感知变压器运行状况奠定坚实的基础。

数字全息显微信号项频谱定位及干扰项抑制

在离轴数字全息显微和非相干光成像研究中,空间频域滤波是重建目标物体的振幅和相位信息的关键步骤。信号项频谱选取及中心定位对滤波后重建相位的质量有着极大影响,即使像素级的微小差异也会导致重建相位的严重失真。为了解决这个问题,文章提出了一种数字全息显微信号项频谱定位及干扰项抑制的方法。方法根据全息图频谱的直方图分布特性,自适应确定滤波形状和大小,同时,采用质心法来快速准确的确定信号项频谱的中心,并在频域中运用形态学处理来消除信号项频谱周围的干扰项。实现了信号项频谱自适应滤波,从而提高了相位重建的质量。文章使用二维山形图模拟相位进行了仿真验证,并搭建光路拍摄USAF1951标定板上的数字区域和洋葱表皮细胞进行了实验验证。仿真和实验结果表明,算法可以实现高质量的相位重建,并对干扰项进行抑制,提高了离轴数字全息显微系统的成像质量。

医教结合模式在孤独症谱系障碍儿童干预中的疗效分析

目的 探讨医教结合模式对孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的干预疗效,为ASD儿童的康复治疗提供依据。方法 选择在扬州市妇幼保健院康复科接受训练的31例ASD儿童,根据疾病严重程度将其分为轻中度ASD组和重度ASD组。采用医教结合模式干预半年,并在干预前、后通过标准化测定评估ASD儿童的预后情况,包括社会沟通能力、语言能力和智力等。采用Gesell发育量表比较ASD儿童训练前、后的大运动能力,精细动作能力,应物能力,言语能力,应人能力的变化;采用儿童孤独症评定量表评估ASD严重程度。结果 通过医教结合,ASD儿童语言发展、社交互动领域、生活自理等方面都显著提升。结论 在公立性医疗机构实施医教结合,干预后ASD儿童的临床症状有一定改善,同时需要积极强调家长参与,建立系统完备的支持体系。

From Phenotypes to Molecules: Revolutionizing Gut Microbiota Identification Methods

The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem composed of many bacteria and their metabolites.It plays an irreplaceable role in human digestion,nutrient absorption,energy supply,fat metabolism,immune regulation,and many other aspects.Exploring the structure and function of the gut microbiota,as well as their key genes and metabolites,will enable the early diagnosis and auxiliary diagnosis of diseases,new treatment methods,better effects of drug treatments,and better guidance in the use of antibiotics.The identification of gut microbiota plays an important role in clinical diagnosis and treatment,as well as in drug research and development.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive review of this rapidly evolving topic.Traditional identification methods cannot comprehensively capture the diversity of gut microbiota.Currently,with the rapid development of molecular biology,the classification and identification methods for gut microbiota have evolved from the initial phenotypic and chemical identification to identification at the molecular level.This review integrates the main methods of gut microbiota identification and evaluates their application.We pay special attention to the research progress on molecular biological methods and focus on the application of high-throughput sequencing technology in the identification of gut microbiota.This revolutionary method for intestinal flora identification heralds a new chapter in our understanding of the microbial world.

基于多策略融合粒子群算法的油纸绝缘参数辨识

针对粒子群优化算法收敛速度较慢、易陷入局部最优、收敛结果不够稳定等问题,本文从初始种群、边界处理、惯性权重三个方面对传统粒子群算法进行改进,提出多策略融合粒子群算法(MSF-PSO),并通过测试函数证明了MSF-PSO可大幅提高计算速度和计算效率。将MSF-PSO应用于变压器油纸绝缘介电响应的德拜等效电路参数辨识中,计算结果表明,与其他粒子群优化算法相比,该算法获得的回复电压极化谱能更好地与现场测试获得的回复电压极化谱相吻合,进一步验证了本文所提改进算法的准确性,可为诊断变压器油纸绝缘设备老化情况提供参考。

基于改进VMD-WTFD算法的二次谐波光谱信号反演分析

采用变分模态分解和小波阈值调整函数(VMD-WTFD)算法在处理噪声时,信号波形恢复往往偏离标准的谐波信号,导致反演结果出现偏差。提出了一种改进VMD-WTFD算法,该算法采用新型阈值函数对VMD-WTFD算法进行改进,然后以此改进算法对二次谐波光谱信号进行反演分析。仿真与实验结果表明:与其它几种降噪算法相比,改进VMD-WTFD算法在不同调制度下反演出的原始信号的峰值、峰位和峰谷值更接近原始标准二次谐波光谱信号,去噪后的信噪比为17.545 dB,相关系数可达到0.9929;可以较清晰地反演出人体呼出气体中CO_(2)的二次谐波幅值。

利用GRACE卫星分析安徽省地下水储量的时空变化

文章利用重力恢复与气候实验卫星(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment,GRACE)时变重力场球谐系数文件,联合全球陆面数据同化系统(Global Land Data Assimilation System,GLDAS)水文模型反演安徽省2003—2016年地下水储量的时空变化。通过奇异谱分析(Singular Spectrum Analysis,SSA)地下水时间序列,结合热带降雨测量任务(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission,TRMM)降雨数据对地下水储量变化规律进行分析。结果表明,安徽省地下水储量在2011年和2014年前后发生较大变化,在2003—2011年的变化率为0.37 cm/a,2011—2014年的下降速率为-0.2 cm/a,2014—2016年的增长速率为1.9 cm/a;进一步与降雨数据关联,发现降雨量是影响安徽省地下水储量年际变化和季节性变化的主要因素。在空间上,安徽省呈现自东北向西南逐渐缓和的趋势,最大亏损出现在皖北地区,为-7.52 mm/a,在西南地区的最大盈余达到8.38 mm/a。

重叠加窗下卫星直序扩频通信干扰非线性抑制方法

由于离散傅里叶变换是通过对整个窗口内的信号进行频域变换,如果信号在窗口的两端产生不连续性,会导致频谱泄漏。而重叠加窗技术能够通过窗口的重叠部分来平滑信号,在不同时间窗口之间实现平滑过渡,减小频率泄漏和旁瓣效应的影响。因此,为提高通信性能,文中研究重叠加窗下卫星直序扩频通信干扰非线性抑制方法。将卫星直序扩频通信信号分成两路,通过改进升余弦窗函数,分别进行1/2重叠加窗处理;利用调制离散傅里叶变换算法变换加窗后的两路扩频通信时域信号,得到频域信号;采用自适应门限干扰检测算法非线性干扰抑制两路频域信号;由改进自适应幅度恢复非对称算法还原抑制后的频域信号,并对其进行逆变换处理,得到时域信号;按照1/2重叠加窗思想,融合两路时域信号,完成通信干扰非线性抑制。实验结果证明:该方法可有效重叠加窗处理卫星直序扩频通信时域信号,避免了旁瓣效应的影响,准确地抑制了卫星直序扩频通信干扰。

The Multi-level Recovery of Main-memory Real-time Database Systems with ECBH

Storing the whole database in the main-memory is a common method to processreal-time transaction in real-time database systems. The recovery mechanism of Main-memory Real-timeDatabase Systems (MMRTDBS) should reflect the characteristics of the main-memory database andreal-time database because their structures are quite different from other conventional databasesystems. In this paper, therefore, we propose a multi-level recovery mechanism for main-memoryreal-time database systems with Extendable Chained Bucket Hashing (ECBH). Owing to the occurrence ofreal-time data in real-time systems, we should also consider it in our recovery mechanism .According to our performance test, this mechanism can improve the transaction concurrency, reducingtransactions ' deadline missing rate.

Error Recovery in a Real-Time Multiprocessor System

In this paper,a new scheme for recovering errors due to transient faults in a real-time multiprocessor system is presented.The scheme,called dynamic redundancy at the task level,is implemented in a real-time multitasking environment.Utilizing the facilities in the operating system,the scheme makes backup tasks for the primary tasks as redundancy.The paper introduces an algorithm to gene- rate a fault tolerant schedule for the tasks so that they recover errors as retry or checkpointing does.A reliability model is proposed to evahaste the effectiveness of the scheme.

紫外光谱法检测水中咪唑类离子液体的含量

介绍了用紫外光谱测定水中离子液体含量的方法。测定了7种离子液体([C4mim][Cl]、[C4mim][BF4]、[C4mim][PF6]、[C5mim][Cl]、[C6mim][BF4]、[C8mim][Cl]和[C8mim][BF4])的最大吸收波长,并且绘制了校准曲线。结果表明,在实验试剂用量范围内,离子液体在波长211nm附近的吸光度与浓度呈线性关系,其线性相关系数均大于0.999。说明用紫外光谱法检测水中离子液体含量简单、快速且测定结果准确可靠。