Distribution,abundance,and realized niches of meroplankton by two different mesh size nets during spring 2017 in the Southern Yellow Sea,China

Meroplankton play a crucial role in both benthic and pelagic ecosystems.Existing quantitative research on estimating the quantities of meroplankton groups is both underrepresented and inaccurate.To investigate and evaluate the influence of varying mesh sizes(505 and 160μm)on the sampling efficiency of meroplankton,we conducted an examination using two commonly used plankton nets during the spring season in the Southern Yellow Sea(SYS).Our study revealed a total of 12 meroplankton groups,with 9 groups identified in the 505-μm mesh nets and 11 groups in the 160-μm mesh nets.The results demonstrated the superior collection efficiency of the 160-μm net compared to the 505-μm net across the majority of meroplankton groups.Furthermore,we focused on exploring the abundance,distribution patterns,and realized niches of meroplankton collected by the two mesh size nets,and observed that the distribution of meroplankton closely resembled the distribution of possible benthic adults in the SYS.Correlation analysis of the six dominant groups collected in the 160-μm mesh nets revealed that seawater temperature and salinity emerged as the key environmental factors driving variations in meroplankton abundance within the SYS.This study also found that a smaller mesh size net does not necessarily capture meroplankton more comprehensively.A comprehensive understanding of the ecological characteristics of meroplankton requires the combination of two types of nets for research.Our research significantly advances our understanding of the quantification,abundance,and distribution of meroplankton,serving as a valuable contribution to the broader landscape of detailed quantitative meroplankton studies.

基于Realizable k-ε湍流模型的氨气泄漏数值模拟研究

针对液氨泄漏事故,为了分析不同泄漏点、不同排风条件下氨气的运移规律,以便合理设置应急处置装备、采取有效措施,基于Realizable k-ε的氨气泄漏有限元数值模拟分析方法,计算了液氨泄漏质量,模拟分析了增加排风口、不同液氨泄漏口及不同液氨泄漏量的氨气扩散规律及浓度变化情况。模拟结果表明:对流排风口位置对于泄漏氨气浓度影响较大,泄漏口位置对泄漏氨气扩散影响不显著;氨气泄漏量的增加使得泄漏口垂直方向氨气浓度显著增加。

应用Realizable k-ε湍流模型的振荡水翼绕流数值模拟研究(英文)

采用计算流体力学软件Fluent提供的Realizable k-ε湍流模型计算了振荡水翼的绕流问题,利用有限体积法求解雷诺平均N-S方程,空间离散应用二阶迎风格式,速度—压力耦合格式为SIMPLEC格式;为了验证该数值格式及湍流模型,计算了文献中的算例并做了对比;考察了不同参数对振荡水翼周围流场及受力特征的影响,研究表明在一定水翼攻角条件下,水翼振幅及振荡频率均对振荡水翼的涡结构产生发展及其受力特征具有明显的影响.

基于Realizable k-ε模型的控制阀流场特性研究

针对煤化工行业中专用控制阀易于磨损失效的问题,提出一种基于Realizable k-ε的有限元数值模拟分析方法.以不平衡单座式控制阀为研究对象,通过对其内部结构进行简化,得到有限元分析的物理模型,基于Preston磨损经验公式,对控制阀内流场不同初始速度下的压力、体积分数和湍流耗散率的分布特性进行分析.数值模拟结果表明,当初速度小于10m/s时,控制阀表面磨损最小.

基于Realizable湍流模型的弯管流动模拟分析

以工程实际中广泛应用的管道为基础,针对管道输送中弯管的薄弱环节,基于Fluent可实现湍流模型,分别采用定常与非定常模拟的方法,建立油水两相流流场的数学模型,研究弯管油水两相流动的速度、压力、流线部分的特性。研究结果表明定常与非定常数值模拟弯管两项流动都具有较好的模拟效果。

障碍物对火焰结构影响的Realizable k-ε模型数值模拟

在管道内设置长方体障碍物,对火焰翻越障碍物的情形进行数值模拟研究,分析火焰褶皱现象。基于可实现k-ε模型(Realizable k-εmodel)和EDC(涡流耗散概念模型),建立湍流加速火焰现象的数值模型,实现管道火焰流场的可视化,研究障碍物对火焰结构、火焰流场的加速过程,分析了导致火焰发生褶皱的机理,得出火焰在翻越障碍物后会形成两个相反方向的涡流。

修正Realizable k-ε模型在高压淹没水射流中的应用

淹没水射流在工程中具有广泛的应用,空化是高压淹没水射流的基本特征。现有的空化模型仍不完善,对各种工况普适性较差,数值模拟仍存在较大误差。为了提高数值模拟对淹没水射流的预测能力,采用Realizable k-ε模型模拟淹没水射流,使用修正的模型常数并结合滞止压力实验验证,研究5~40 MPa射流压力下的修正模型常数。结果表明,对模型常数进行修正可有效地提高模型对0~70倍直径射程范围内淹没水射流轴心压力的预测能力,使误差降低至10%以内,可见使用修正常数的Realizable k-ε模型模拟高压淹没水射流是一种简便且准确的方法。

Realizable和SST湍流模型对修正尾翼弹的气动适应性

在气动仿真中,Realizable k-ε两方程模型和SST k-ω两方程模型应用较广。通过对超声速炮射修正尾翼弹的气动仿真,分析了这两种模型在解决该类外形复杂的弹丸的仿真计算的适应性。先进行了两种模型的数学分析,然后,对仿真计算结果进行了分析。计算结果表明:SST k-ω两方程模型其湍流动能和湍流动能耗散率比Realizable k-ε两方程模型更稳定,更适合计算修正尾翼弹的气动。

基于标准和Realizable k～ε湍流模型的阶梯式溢洪道流的数值模拟

采用Realizable k~ε湍流模型并结合VOF自由面追踪技术对阶梯式溢洪道流进行了数值模拟。计算所得水力特性与文献中的实验观察结论基本一致,验证了该模拟方法在分析阶梯式溢洪道流中的有效性。分析了3个不同阶梯处的竖直表面压强分布情况,对标准和Realizable k~ε这两种湍流模型的预测结果进行了比较,结果表明Realizable k~ε湍流模型在该问题的分析中优于标准k~ε湍流模型。

静水条件下倾斜射流的Realizable k-ε和RNG k-ε数值模拟研究

进行了静水条件下倾斜射流的实验与数值模拟,分析了不同工况下倾斜射流的运动轨迹、顶点高度、横截面宽度及浓度分布情况与规律。重点验证了Realizable k-ε和RNG k-ε两个湍流模型在该问题模拟中的适用性,结果证明这两个模型都可以较准确地计算出静水条件下倾斜射流的运动与稀释情况,但前者相对后者更为精确。

Physically Realizable Broadband Acoustic Metamaterials with Anisotropic Density

Transformation acoustics are concentrated for the purpose of designing novel acoustic devices to tailor acoustic waves to achieve desirable characteristics. However, these devices require fluid or fluid-like materials with an anisotropic density that generally does not exist in nature. Therefore, we introduce pentamode metamaterials into an alternating multilayer isotropic medium model to build fluid-like metamaterials with an anisotropic density. A 2D acoustic bending based on transformation acoustics is established and investigated to verify our method. This idea provides a method to design broadband and physically realizable acoustic metamaterials with an anisotropic density and is meaningful for the design of acoustic metamaterials.

The Study and Investigation of Electron Trajectories in Free Electron Laser with Realizable Helical Wiggler and Ion Channel Guiding: A Computational Study

The following article has been retracted due to the investigation of complaints received against it. Mr. Mohammadali Ghorbani (corresponding author and also the last author) cheated the author’s name: Alireza Heidari. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and we treat all unethical behavior such as plagiarism seriously. This paper published in Vol.3 No.3, 278-281, 2012, has been removed from this site.

基于Realizable k−ε模型煤巷综掘工作面粉尘运移规律研究

为了研究压入式通风流场作用下煤巷综掘工作面粉尘运移规律,以魏墙煤矿三盘区回风大巷掘进工作面为研究对象,基于Realizablek−ε模型对该煤巷综掘工作面粉尘的运移规律进行三维数值模拟研究。模拟结果发现,巷道右侧风筒出口及掘进机附近流速较大,在掘进机前方和上部均存在涡流和回流现象;截割产生的粉尘随着贴壁风流向巷道左侧运移;受到风流场作用,在掘进机前方和上部的涡流区域引起粉尘再次积聚。因此,为了降低涡流区域的粉尘,掘进作业时除了在截割部位通过内、外喷雾措施抑制高浓度粉尘扩散外,还建议在综掘机上部采取负压吸风喷雾降尘措施。

School Culture Educating People: Realization Path and Action Mechanism

Culture is the core of education and the proper meaning of education. Exploring the realization path and function mechanism of school culture education is a major task for educators at present and in the future. Then, the current academic research started late, had few achievements and was relatively broad and weak. The article believes that the mechanism of school culture educating people includes three fields: “cultural field”, “cultivation field” and “education field”. School teachers and students should be guided to make cultural choices, consciously transform school culture into personal culture, and achieve the purpose of school culture educating people.

Do U.S.economic conditions at the state level predict the realized volatility of oil‑price returns?A quantile machine‑learning approach

Because the U.S.is a major player in the international oil market,it is interesting to study whether aggregate and state-level economic conditions can predict the subse-quent realized volatility of oil price returns.To address this research question,we frame our analysis in terms of variants of the popular heterogeneous autoregressive realized volatility(HAR-RV)model.To estimate the models,we use quantile-regression and quantile machine learning(Lasso)estimators.Our estimation results highlights the dif-ferential effects of economic conditions on the quantiles of the conditional distribution of realized volatility.Using weekly data for the period April 1987 to December 2021,we document evidence of predictability at a biweekly and monthly horizon.

An Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm for Global Optimization and Realized Volatility Prediction

The original whale optimization algorithm(WOA)has a low initial population quality and tends to converge to local optimal solutions.To address these challenges,this paper introduces an improved whale optimization algorithm called OLCHWOA,incorporating a chaos mechanism and an opposition-based learning strategy.This algorithm introduces chaotic initialization and opposition-based initialization operators during the population initialization phase,thereby enhancing the quality of the initial whale population.Additionally,including an elite opposition-based learning operator significantly improves the algorithm’s global search capabilities during iterations.The work and contributions of this paper are primarily reflected in two aspects.Firstly,an improved whale algorithm with enhanced development capabilities and a wide range of application scenarios is proposed.Secondly,the proposed OLCHWOA is used to optimize the hyperparameters of the Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)networks.Subsequently,a prediction model for Realized Volatility(RV)based on OLCHWOA-LSTM is proposed to optimize hyperparameters automatically.To evaluate the performance of OLCHWOA,a series of comparative experiments were conducted using a variety of advanced algorithms.These experiments included 38 standard test functions from CEC2013 and CEC2019 and three constrained engineering design problems.The experimental results show that OLCHWOA ranks first in accuracy and stability under the same maximum fitness function calls budget.Additionally,the China Securities Index 300(CSI 300)dataset is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed OLCHWOA-LSTM model in predicting RV.The comparison results with the other eight models show that the proposed model has the highest accuracy and goodness of fit in predicting RV.This further confirms that OLCHWOA effectively addresses real-world optimization problems.

The predictive power of Bitcoin prices for the realized volatility of US stock sector returns

This paper is motivated by Bitcoin’s rapid ascension into mainstream finance and recent evidence of a strong relationship between Bitcoin and US stock markets.It is also motivated by a lack of empirical studies on whether Bitcoin prices contain useful information for the volatility of US stock returns,particularly at the sectoral level of data.We specifically assess Bitcoin prices’ability to predict the volatility of US composite and sectoral stock indices using both in-sample and out-of-sample analyses over multiple forecast horizons,based on daily data from November 22,2017,to December,30,2021.The findings show that Bitcoin prices have significant predictive power for US stock volatility,with an inverse relationship between Bitcoin prices and stock sector volatility.Regardless of the stock sectors or number of forecast horizons,the model that includes Bitcoin prices consistently outperforms the benchmark historical average model.These findings are independent of the volatility measure used.Using Bitcoin prices as a predictor yields higher economic gains.These findings emphasize the importance and utility of tracking Bitcoin prices when forecasting the volatility of US stock sectors,which is important for practitioners and policymakers.

Moderate scale and realization potential of new citrus-planting business entities in hilly and mountainous areas in China

The natural and economic conditions of agricultural resources vary greatly in China,especially in hilly and mountainous areas.The phenomenon of land fragmentation has become increasingly prominent,so that large-scale operations cannot be fully achieved in a short period of time,and the centralized and continuous scale of operations cannot be realized in China.In addition,with increasingly strict farmland protection and agricultural land use control systems,the issues of nongrain production and nonagricultural cultivated land use have become increasingly restricted.Thus,it is quite necessary to determine the appropriate scale of operations and the means to achieve moderately scaled operations for the new business entities.On the basis of microsurvey data for 108 new citrus-planting business entities in the modern agricultural park in the Chongqing's Jiangjin District,an area with long citrus-planting history,we measured the moderate scale of new citrus-planting business entities to maximize profit using a translog growth model.According to the projection pursuit model,we evaluated the suitability conditions of citrus planting in garden land,woodland,grassland,and general cultivated land in the study area.We then explored the potential for new moderate-scale business entities within different farming radii.The results showed that large-scale planting conditions of citrus in garden land,forest land,grassland,and general cultivated land in the study area were suitable,and the proportion of high-suitable and mediumsuitable land was 73.42%.Under the existing social and economic conditions,the moderate scale of new citrus-planting business entities in the study area was 1.8–2.7 hm^(2).In particular,its rankings from large to small were agricultural enterprises(17.19–25.78 hm^(2)),farmer cooperatives(16.88–25.33 hm^(2)),big growers and breeders(6.39–9.59 hm^(2)),and family farms(5.02–7.53 hm^(2)).In the sample of 108 households,only 47.22%of the entities achieved moderate-scale operation,of which 25%of the entities achieved a scale greater than moderate operation.However,52.78%of the entities achieved a scale of less than moderate operation.These entities would have to transfer the surrounding adjacent garden land,forest land,grassland,or general cultivated land to achieve largescale land management.The land area of the adjacent gardens in a 1000 m farming radius could meet the moderate-scale operation demand of the vast majority of new business entities.For the vast majority of new business entities,the land area of the adjacent woodland,grassland,and general cultivated land could supplement the garden land to achieve moderate-scale operation in a 500 m farming radius.If the land area with moderate suitability and high suitability is prioritized,the land area in the adjacent gardens in the 1000 m farming radius could meet the moderate-scale operation demand for the vast majority of new business entities.Within the 500 m farming radius,the vast majority of new business entities have achieved moderate-scale operations if the land area adjacent to forest land,grassland,and general arable land was supplemented by gardens;however,a few entities could not achieve moderate-scale operations.From the village perspective,gardens were prioritized.Sixteen villages had planting areas and planting suitability that exceeded the average level of the study area,accounting for 23.53%.If combined with the reserve potential of the garden land,eight villages could improve their potential,accounting for 11.76%.Therefore,the conditions of large-scale citrus planting in the study area should be further improved,and the scale expansion of new citrus-planting business entities should receive additional scientific guidance.

Landscape Aesthetic Characteristics of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Property and Realization Path of Aesthetic Education Value

Wulingyuan is a world natural heritage property mainly dominated by rare quartz sandstone peak forest landscape at home and abroad and supplemented by karst landscapes,with a large number of geological and historical sites,biological and ecological landscape and unique cultural landscapes.Preserving the secluded and beautiful scenery environment,biological environment and ecosystem of subtropical zone,Wulingyuan presents a splendid and magnificent landscape,with high aesthetic value,and becomes an important practice base of aesthetic education.The aesthetic education value of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Property can be realized by systematically studying and presenting the aesthetic education value of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Property,developing a series of aesthetic education courses to lead tourists into the world of Wulingyuan aesthetic education,carrying out a series of popular science activities of“Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Property Entering Campus”,and incorporating into the aesthetic education curriculum system of schools,etc.This paper analyzes the landscape aesthetic characteristics of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Property thoroughly,which indicates the direction for realizing the aesthetic education value of the property,and also provides a reference for realizing the aesthetic education value of similar world natural heritage property.

中国式现代化背景下县域城镇化的困境、实现逻辑与路径选择

城镇化是现代化的必由之路。深入剖析县域城镇化与中国式现代化的内在逻辑,探究中国式现代化背景下县域城镇化的困境、实现逻辑和路径选择是探索城镇化道路、推进中国式现代化建设的工作重点。研究显示:第一,县域城镇化在中国式现代化历程中演进,其演进过程与我国经济发展战略密切相关。第二,新时期推进县域城镇化发展需要认清理论误区、破除现实困境。认清理论误区在于既要更新县域城镇化概念,辨析城市化、农村城市化、城镇化和县域城镇化的区别与联系,也要坚持县域工业化发展,避免县域工业化与发展特色经济混淆。破除现实困境在于,一是破除县域城镇化区域发展不平衡困境,收敛区域差异;二是破除中西部县域产业承接能力不强,产业结构趋同困境;三是破除县域人口结构失衡、教育养老资源供需失衡困境。第三,中国式现代化特征决定了县域城镇化的实现逻辑,体现在人口规模巨大化意味着县域城镇化面临人口优势和结构失衡,全体人民共同富裕要求县域城镇化以人为核心,物质文明和精神文明相协调要求县域城镇化重视物质和精神建设,人与自然和谐共生要求县域城镇化坚持绿色发展。第四,县域城镇化的实现路径包括制度保障、新型工业化发展、人口和服务供需均衡、文化传承和绿色发展五个方面。