Distribution,abundance,and realized niches of meroplankton by two different mesh size nets during spring 2017 in the Southern Yellow Sea,China

Meroplankton play a crucial role in both benthic and pelagic ecosystems.Existing quantitative research on estimating the quantities of meroplankton groups is both underrepresented and inaccurate.To investigate and evaluate the influence of varying mesh sizes(505 and 160μm)on the sampling efficiency of meroplankton,we conducted an examination using two commonly used plankton nets during the spring season in the Southern Yellow Sea(SYS).Our study revealed a total of 12 meroplankton groups,with 9 groups identified in the 505-μm mesh nets and 11 groups in the 160-μm mesh nets.The results demonstrated the superior collection efficiency of the 160-μm net compared to the 505-μm net across the majority of meroplankton groups.Furthermore,we focused on exploring the abundance,distribution patterns,and realized niches of meroplankton collected by the two mesh size nets,and observed that the distribution of meroplankton closely resembled the distribution of possible benthic adults in the SYS.Correlation analysis of the six dominant groups collected in the 160-μm mesh nets revealed that seawater temperature and salinity emerged as the key environmental factors driving variations in meroplankton abundance within the SYS.This study also found that a smaller mesh size net does not necessarily capture meroplankton more comprehensively.A comprehensive understanding of the ecological characteristics of meroplankton requires the combination of two types of nets for research.Our research significantly advances our understanding of the quantification,abundance,and distribution of meroplankton,serving as a valuable contribution to the broader landscape of detailed quantitative meroplankton studies.

Realizing n-Type Ge Te through Suppressing the Formation of Cation Vacancies and Bi-Doping

It is known that p-type GeTe-based materials show excellent thermoelectric performance due to the favorable electronic band structure.However,n-type doping in GeTe is of challenge owing to the native Ge vacancies and high hole concentration of about 10^(21)cm^(-3).In the present work,the formation energy of cation vacancies of GeTe is increased through alloying PbSe,and further Bi-doping enables the change of carrier conduction from p-type to n-type.As a result,the n-type thermoelectric performance is obtained in GeTe-based materials.A peak zT of 0.34 at 525 K is obtained for(Ge_(0.6)Pb_(0.4))_(0.88)Bi_(0.12)Te_(0.6)Se_(0.4).These results highlight the realization of n-type doping in GeTe and pave the way for further optimization of the thermoelectric performance of n-type GeTe.

Approaches of Realizing Cultural Value of Red Revolutionary Site in Jiangxi Province:A Case Study of Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in Xiushui County

Red revolutionary site is a significant carrier for inheriting and spreading red culture,a witness of revolutionary history and stones,and also the best place to show connotations and value of red culture.Taking the regiment headquarter and the division headquarter of the First Division of the First Army in Xiushui County,Jiangxi Province for example,this paper explored cultural value of red site,analyzed the existing problems,tried to figure out scientific approaches of realizing cultural value of red site,so as to promote the sharing and inheritance of cultural value of red revolutionary site.

Realizing the Dream in Yantai

YANTAIsitsontheYellowSea600kilometerstothesoutheastofBeijinginShandongProvince.AgoodclimateandtherenownedhospitalityofitsPeopleattfactagreatnumberofinvestors.Indeed,ifIwereaninvestor,Yantaiwouldbemyidealchoice.In1984,the42squarekilometerYantaiEconomi...

School Culture Educating People: Realization Path and Action Mechanism

Culture is the core of education and the proper meaning of education. Exploring the realization path and function mechanism of school culture education is a major task for educators at present and in the future. Then, the current academic research started late, had few achievements and was relatively broad and weak. The article believes that the mechanism of school culture educating people includes three fields: “cultural field”, “cultivation field” and “education field”. School teachers and students should be guided to make cultural choices, consciously transform school culture into personal culture, and achieve the purpose of school culture educating people.

Do U.S.economic conditions at the state level predict the realized volatility of oil‑price returns?A quantile machine‑learning approach

Because the U.S.is a major player in the international oil market,it is interesting to study whether aggregate and state-level economic conditions can predict the subse-quent realized volatility of oil price returns.To address this research question,we frame our analysis in terms of variants of the popular heterogeneous autoregressive realized volatility(HAR-RV)model.To estimate the models,we use quantile-regression and quantile machine learning(Lasso)estimators.Our estimation results highlights the dif-ferential effects of economic conditions on the quantiles of the conditional distribution of realized volatility.Using weekly data for the period April 1987 to December 2021,we document evidence of predictability at a biweekly and monthly horizon.

An Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm for Global Optimization and Realized Volatility Prediction

The original whale optimization algorithm(WOA)has a low initial population quality and tends to converge to local optimal solutions.To address these challenges,this paper introduces an improved whale optimization algorithm called OLCHWOA,incorporating a chaos mechanism and an opposition-based learning strategy.This algorithm introduces chaotic initialization and opposition-based initialization operators during the population initialization phase,thereby enhancing the quality of the initial whale population.Additionally,including an elite opposition-based learning operator significantly improves the algorithm’s global search capabilities during iterations.The work and contributions of this paper are primarily reflected in two aspects.Firstly,an improved whale algorithm with enhanced development capabilities and a wide range of application scenarios is proposed.Secondly,the proposed OLCHWOA is used to optimize the hyperparameters of the Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)networks.Subsequently,a prediction model for Realized Volatility(RV)based on OLCHWOA-LSTM is proposed to optimize hyperparameters automatically.To evaluate the performance of OLCHWOA,a series of comparative experiments were conducted using a variety of advanced algorithms.These experiments included 38 standard test functions from CEC2013 and CEC2019 and three constrained engineering design problems.The experimental results show that OLCHWOA ranks first in accuracy and stability under the same maximum fitness function calls budget.Additionally,the China Securities Index 300(CSI 300)dataset is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed OLCHWOA-LSTM model in predicting RV.The comparison results with the other eight models show that the proposed model has the highest accuracy and goodness of fit in predicting RV.This further confirms that OLCHWOA effectively addresses real-world optimization problems.

The predictive power of Bitcoin prices for the realized volatility of US stock sector returns

This paper is motivated by Bitcoin’s rapid ascension into mainstream finance and recent evidence of a strong relationship between Bitcoin and US stock markets.It is also motivated by a lack of empirical studies on whether Bitcoin prices contain useful information for the volatility of US stock returns,particularly at the sectoral level of data.We specifically assess Bitcoin prices’ability to predict the volatility of US composite and sectoral stock indices using both in-sample and out-of-sample analyses over multiple forecast horizons,based on daily data from November 22,2017,to December,30,2021.The findings show that Bitcoin prices have significant predictive power for US stock volatility,with an inverse relationship between Bitcoin prices and stock sector volatility.Regardless of the stock sectors or number of forecast horizons,the model that includes Bitcoin prices consistently outperforms the benchmark historical average model.These findings are independent of the volatility measure used.Using Bitcoin prices as a predictor yields higher economic gains.These findings emphasize the importance and utility of tracking Bitcoin prices when forecasting the volatility of US stock sectors,which is important for practitioners and policymakers.

Realizing Reform

THE Second Session of the 12th National People＇s Congress （NPC） passed the Report on the Work of the Government by Premier Li Keqiang on March 13. The report, delivered on March 5, the opening day of this year＇s annual NPC session, mentions the word ＂reform＂ 77 times and the measures proposed by the report encompass the sectors of the economy, politics, people＇s well-being, rule of law and ecological progress.

Moderate scale and realization potential of new citrus-planting business entities in hilly and mountainous areas in China

The natural and economic conditions of agricultural resources vary greatly in China,especially in hilly and mountainous areas.The phenomenon of land fragmentation has become increasingly prominent,so that large-scale operations cannot be fully achieved in a short period of time,and the centralized and continuous scale of operations cannot be realized in China.In addition,with increasingly strict farmland protection and agricultural land use control systems,the issues of nongrain production and nonagricultural cultivated land use have become increasingly restricted.Thus,it is quite necessary to determine the appropriate scale of operations and the means to achieve moderately scaled operations for the new business entities.On the basis of microsurvey data for 108 new citrus-planting business entities in the modern agricultural park in the Chongqing's Jiangjin District,an area with long citrus-planting history,we measured the moderate scale of new citrus-planting business entities to maximize profit using a translog growth model.According to the projection pursuit model,we evaluated the suitability conditions of citrus planting in garden land,woodland,grassland,and general cultivated land in the study area.We then explored the potential for new moderate-scale business entities within different farming radii.The results showed that large-scale planting conditions of citrus in garden land,forest land,grassland,and general cultivated land in the study area were suitable,and the proportion of high-suitable and mediumsuitable land was 73.42%.Under the existing social and economic conditions,the moderate scale of new citrus-planting business entities in the study area was 1.8–2.7 hm^(2).In particular,its rankings from large to small were agricultural enterprises(17.19–25.78 hm^(2)),farmer cooperatives(16.88–25.33 hm^(2)),big growers and breeders(6.39–9.59 hm^(2)),and family farms(5.02–7.53 hm^(2)).In the sample of 108 households,only 47.22%of the entities achieved moderate-scale operation,of which 25%of the entities achieved a scale greater than moderate operation.However,52.78%of the entities achieved a scale of less than moderate operation.These entities would have to transfer the surrounding adjacent garden land,forest land,grassland,or general cultivated land to achieve largescale land management.The land area of the adjacent gardens in a 1000 m farming radius could meet the moderate-scale operation demand of the vast majority of new business entities.For the vast majority of new business entities,the land area of the adjacent woodland,grassland,and general cultivated land could supplement the garden land to achieve moderate-scale operation in a 500 m farming radius.If the land area with moderate suitability and high suitability is prioritized,the land area in the adjacent gardens in the 1000 m farming radius could meet the moderate-scale operation demand for the vast majority of new business entities.Within the 500 m farming radius,the vast majority of new business entities have achieved moderate-scale operations if the land area adjacent to forest land,grassland,and general arable land was supplemented by gardens;however,a few entities could not achieve moderate-scale operations.From the village perspective,gardens were prioritized.Sixteen villages had planting areas and planting suitability that exceeded the average level of the study area,accounting for 23.53%.If combined with the reserve potential of the garden land,eight villages could improve their potential,accounting for 11.76%.Therefore,the conditions of large-scale citrus planting in the study area should be further improved,and the scale expansion of new citrus-planting business entities should receive additional scientific guidance.

Landscape Aesthetic Characteristics of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Property and Realization Path of Aesthetic Education Value

Wulingyuan is a world natural heritage property mainly dominated by rare quartz sandstone peak forest landscape at home and abroad and supplemented by karst landscapes,with a large number of geological and historical sites,biological and ecological landscape and unique cultural landscapes.Preserving the secluded and beautiful scenery environment,biological environment and ecosystem of subtropical zone,Wulingyuan presents a splendid and magnificent landscape,with high aesthetic value,and becomes an important practice base of aesthetic education.The aesthetic education value of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Property can be realized by systematically studying and presenting the aesthetic education value of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Property,developing a series of aesthetic education courses to lead tourists into the world of Wulingyuan aesthetic education,carrying out a series of popular science activities of“Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Property Entering Campus”,and incorporating into the aesthetic education curriculum system of schools,etc.This paper analyzes the landscape aesthetic characteristics of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Property thoroughly,which indicates the direction for realizing the aesthetic education value of the property,and also provides a reference for realizing the aesthetic education value of similar world natural heritage property.

中国式现代化背景下县域城镇化的困境、实现逻辑与路径选择

城镇化是现代化的必由之路。深入剖析县域城镇化与中国式现代化的内在逻辑,探究中国式现代化背景下县域城镇化的困境、实现逻辑和路径选择是探索城镇化道路、推进中国式现代化建设的工作重点。研究显示:第一,县域城镇化在中国式现代化历程中演进,其演进过程与我国经济发展战略密切相关。第二,新时期推进县域城镇化发展需要认清理论误区、破除现实困境。认清理论误区在于既要更新县域城镇化概念,辨析城市化、农村城市化、城镇化和县域城镇化的区别与联系,也要坚持县域工业化发展,避免县域工业化与发展特色经济混淆。破除现实困境在于,一是破除县域城镇化区域发展不平衡困境,收敛区域差异;二是破除中西部县域产业承接能力不强,产业结构趋同困境;三是破除县域人口结构失衡、教育养老资源供需失衡困境。第三,中国式现代化特征决定了县域城镇化的实现逻辑,体现在人口规模巨大化意味着县域城镇化面临人口优势和结构失衡,全体人民共同富裕要求县域城镇化以人为核心,物质文明和精神文明相协调要求县域城镇化重视物质和精神建设,人与自然和谐共生要求县域城镇化坚持绿色发展。第四,县域城镇化的实现路径包括制度保障、新型工业化发展、人口和服务供需均衡、文化传承和绿色发展五个方面。

Taking a Path of Human Rights Development Suitable to the Economic Basis and Humanistic Environment of China, Realizing“Chinese Dream”

The Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights is opened today, which is co-spon- sored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundation for Human Rights Development. First, on behalf of the China Foundation for Human Rights Development, I would like to express warm congratulations to the opening of the Forum, and heartfelt thanks tothe friends who have always cared for and supported for the development and progress of human rights cause of China.

数据分类分级确权对数据要素价值实现的影响

数据确权是释放数据要素价值的基础,同时也是数据要素市场正常运行和不断发展的关键支撑。研究梳理了数据确权相关概念以及如何建立产权体系以实现数据确权的路径。在此基础上,本研究明晰了数据分类分级确权的具体方式,并基于价值链分析其对数据价值实现中各个环节的影响。研究结果表明,在数据采集环节数据分类分级确权制度能够激励数据供给,提高数据质量,同时激发市场活力;在数据组织环节,它细分了技术工作,保护隐私数据,并挖掘潜在价值;在数据流通环节,它能调节负外部性、降低交易成本、优化资源配置;最后,在数据利用环节,它在数据合规监管和数据价值再开发方面发挥了关键作用。

水价值的系统发现和全面实现

水在经济社会发展和生态文明建设中具有极其重要的作用和价值。目前,全社会对水价值的认识尚不充分,水价值实现亦不充分,迫切需要系统发现和全面实现水的价值。分析了水价值的内涵,刻画了水价值的多元性、空间差异性、时间变异性、可测性与可控性等基本特征,从资源安全、生态安全、经济安全、粮食安全、能源安全等方面解析了系统发现水价值的多个维度,并提出全面实现水价值的建议。

生态产品价值实现效益评价及障碍因子分析--以喀斯特山区贵州省为例

基于生态产品价值实现的内涵和运作机理,明晰生态产品价值实现效益的主要内容,构建起包括生态效益、经济效益、社会效益三个子系统15个指标的生态产品价值实现效益评价体系。运用熵权法测度地区生态产品价值实现效益,通过障碍度模型识别制约生态产品价值实现效益提升的障碍因子,并以喀斯特山区贵州省为例展开实证研究。研究结果表明:(1)2011—2020年贵州省生态产品价值实现综合效益稳步提升,综合效益值从0.2310增长到0.8197,年均增速约为15.11%;(2)经济效益增长显著,生态效益次之,社会效益增长较慢;(3)影响贵州省生态产品价值实现效益的主要障碍因子有农村常住居民人均可支配收入、旅游收入、农村常住居民人均消费性支出、城乡常住居民人均消费性支出差异等。为推动贵州省生态产品价值实现,应坚持生态优先,拓展生态产品价值实现模式,促进城乡要素流动,缩小城乡差距。

基于地质和自然环境背景的国家公园生态产品价值实现路径研究

中国设立国家公园是在生物多样保护方面做出的重要举措。如何使国家公园高质量、稳步发展,其中重要的途径是充分发挥国家公园内的生态产品价值,服务社会,促进自然资源保护利用的良性循环,因此对生态产品价值实现路径的研究具有重要意义。本文通过分析第一批5个国家公园(三江源国家公园、大熊猫国家公园、东北虎豹国家公园、武夷山国家公园和海南热带雨林国家公园)地质和自然背景的特征以及自然资源的构成,探讨自然资源与生态产品的密切关系。根据人工的干扰程度,本文把生态产品分为自然生态产品、半自然生态产品和人工生态产品。以陆地水资源为例,分析了影响生态产品价值的主要因素以及自然资源转换为不同的生态产品类型。依据生态产品的特性,提出了其价值实现的三级路径和方式,分析了具有不同地质和自然背景的国家公园的生态产品价值实现路径的差异。

数字金融赋能新质生产力发展:理论逻辑与实现路径

在新一轮科技革命和产业变革推进过程中,面对国外技术封锁局面和国内高质量发展要求,亟需找到赋能新质生产力发展的动力。本文立足数字金融作为生产系统关键要素的助推作用,深入剖析新质生产力的时代内涵和表现形式,探究数字金融赋能新质生产力发展的理论逻辑,多维度阐述新形势下数字金融助推新质生产力发展的现实路径。研究发现,数字金融降低交易成本,优化资源配置,推动科技创新,为发展新质生产力提供动力与支撑;数字金融通过打造全过程服务机制、构建数字金融生态链整合机制、完善数字金融融资增信机制、创新数字金融普惠服务机制,赋能新质生产力发展。

中国露天煤矿70年成就回顾及高质量发展架构体系

露天煤矿作为我国煤炭工业的重要组成部分,具有生产能力大、开采成本低、安全条件好等优势,近年来在建设规模、生产总量、开采工艺及技术装备等多方面均取得了跨越式的发展,有力保障了煤炭作为国家能源安全稳定供应的“压舱石”地位。首先回顾了新中国成立后我国露天煤矿70年来的发展历程,将其划分为起步恢复阶段(1949—1979年)、快速发展阶段(1980—1999年)、综合发展阶段(2000—2020年)和智能化初级发展阶段(2021年以后)4个时期;系统总结了每个时期的产量与数量规模、开采理论与技术、开采工艺与装备、资源开发与环境保护方面取得的突出成就。然后,探讨了现阶段露天煤矿发展面临的4个方面的主要问题,包括发展布局不均衡、可持续发展面临瓶颈、关键技术难题需深入攻关、人才短缺培养机制不完善。最后,提出构建以“安全、高效、绿色、低碳、智能”为总体目标的全链条、全周期、全要素露天煤矿高质量发展架构体系,其内涵特征包括以时效边坡理论、开采扰动指数理论、绿色开采理论、生态型开采理论、零碳负碳开采理论、智能化开采理论6种学术思想为理论基础,以灾害安全监测防控、复杂条件协同保障、生态源头减损开采、节能减污清洁利用、数字-自动-智能同建5类技术体系为核心支撑,以透明地质模型动态重构、边坡蠕滑全程精准预测、深大孔低扰动控制爆破、采空区超前探测与处置、粉尘抑制及煤自燃防治等30项关键技术为重点突破,以设计理念先进化、安全保障标准化、建设规模大型化、生产工艺综合化、开采装备智能化、核心制造国产化、矿区生态绿色化、煤炭利用清洁化、组织管理科学化、人才队伍国际化的“十化型”露天矿山为建设任务;同时给出了以规划引领为基础,以科技创新为驱动,以人才培育为保障的露天煤矿高质量发展实现路径。最终为推动我国露天煤矿向持续健康高质量方向发展提供指导。