Deterioration Reason and Improvement Measure of the Retarding Effect of Protein Retarder on Phosphorus Building Gypsum

The retarding effect of protein retarder on phosphorus building gypsum(PBG)and desulfurization building gypsum(DBG)was investigated,and the results show that protein retarder for DBG can effectively prolong the setting time and displays a better retarding effect,but for PBG shows a poor retarding effect.Furthermore,the deterioration reason of the retarding effect of protein retarder on PBG was investigated by measuring the pH value and the retarder concentration of the liquid phase from vacuum filtration of PBG slurry at different hydration time,and the measure to improve the retarding effect of protein retarding on PBG was suggested.The pH value of PBG slurry(<5.0)is lower than that of DBG slurry(7.8-8.5).After hydration for 5 min,the concentration of retarder in liquid phase of DBG slurry gradually decreases,but in liquid phase of PBG slurry continually increases,which results in the worse retarding effect of protein retarder on PBG.The liquid phase pH value of PBG slurry can be adjusted higher by sodium silicate,which is beneficial to improvement in the retarding effect of the retarder.By adding 1.0%of sodium silicate,the initial setting time of PBG was efficiently prolonged from 17 to 210 min,but little effect on the absolute dry flexural strength was observed.

Assessing the Levels of Clinical Reasoning Skills Using Self-Assessment of Clinical Reflection and Reasoning in Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Descriptive Comparative Study

Background: Clinical reasoning is a critical cognitive skill that enables undergraduate nursing students to make clinically sound decisions. A lapse in clinical reasoning can result in unintended harm to patients. The aim of the study was to assess and compare the levels of clinical reasoning skills between third year and fourth year undergraduate nursing students. Methods: The study utilized a descriptive comparative research design, based on the positivism paradigm. 410 undergraduate nursing students were systematically sampled and recruited into the study. The researchers used the Self-Assessment of Clinical Reflection and Reasoning questionnaire to collect data on clinical reasoning skills from third- and fourth-year nursing students while adhering to ethical principles of human dignity. Descriptive statistics were done to analyse the level of clinical reasoning and an independent sample t-test was performed to compare the clinical reasoning skills of the student. A p value of 0.05 was accepted. Results: The results of the study revealed that the mean clinical reasoning scores of the undergraduate nursing students were knowledge/theory application (M = 3.84;SD = 1.04);decision-making based on experience and evidence (M = 4.09;SD = 1.01);dealing with uncertainty (M = 3.93;SD = 0.87);reflection and reasoning (M = 3.77;SD = 3.88). The mean difference in clinical reasoning skills between third- and fourth-year undergraduate nursing students was not significantly different from an independent sample t-test scores (t = −1.08;p = 0.28);(t = −0.29;p = 0.73);(t = 1.19;p = 0.24);(t = −0.57;p = 0.57). Since the p-value is >0.05, the null hypothesis (H0) “there is no significantno significant difference in clinical reasoning between third year and fourth year undergraduate nursing students”, was accepted. Conclusion: This study has shown that the level of clinical reasoning skills of the undergraduate nursing students was moderate to low. This meant that the teaching methods have not been effective to improve the students clinical reasoning skills. Therefore, the training institutions should revise their curriculum by incorporating new teaching methods like simulation to enhance students’ clinical reasoning skills. In conclusion, evaluating clinical reasoning skills is crucial for addressing healthcare issues, validating teaching methods, and fostering continuous improvement in nursing education.

The Effect of the Menstrual Cycle on Cognitive Performance: Spatial Reasoning, Visual & Numerical Memory

The menstrual cycle has been a topic of interest in relation to behavior and cognition for many years, with historical beliefs associating it with cognitive impairment. However, recent research has challenged these beliefs and suggested potential positive effects of the menstrual cycle on cognitive performance. Despite these emerging findings, there is still a lack of consensus regarding the impact of the menstrual cycle on cognition, particularly in domains such as spatial reasoning, visual memory, and numerical memory. Hence, this study aimed to explore the relationship between the menstrual cycle and cognitive performance in these specific domains. Previous studies have reported mixed findings, with some suggesting no significant association and others indicating potential differences across the menstrual cycle. To contribute to this body of knowledge, we explored the research question of whether the menstrual cycles have a significant effect on cognition, particularly in the domains of spatial reasoning, visual and numerical memory in a regionally diverse sample of menstruating females. A total of 30 menstruating females from mixed geographical backgrounds participated in the study, and a repeated measures design was used to assess their cognitive performance in two phases of the menstrual cycle: follicular and luteal. The results of the study revealed that while spatial reasoning was not significantly related to the menstrual cycle (p = 0.256), both visual and numerical memory had significant positive associations (p < 0.001) with the luteal phase. However, since the effect sizes were very small, the importance of this relationship might be commonly overestimated. Future studies could thus entail designs with larger sample sizes, including neuro-biological measures of menstrual stages, and consequently inform competent interventions and support systems.

Challenges Experienced by Nurse Educators in Promoting Acquisition of Clinical Reasoning Skills by the Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Qualitative Exploratory Study

Background: Clinical reasoning is an essential skill for nursing students since it is required to solve difficulties that arise in complex clinical settings. However, teaching and learning clinical reasoning skills is difficult because of its complexity. This study, therefore aimed at exploring the challenges experienced by nurse educators in promoting acquisition of clinical reasoning skills by undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A qualitative exploratory research design was used in this study. The participants were purposively sampled and recruited into the study. Data were collected using semi-structured interview guides. Thematic analysis method was used to analyze the collected data The principles of beneficence, respect of human dignity and justice were observed. Results: The findings have shown that clinical learning environment, lacked material and human resources. The students had no interest to learn the skill. There was also knowledge gap between nurse educators and clinical nurses. Lack of role model was also an issue and limited time exposure. Conclusion: The study revealed that nurse educators encounter various challenges in promoting the acquisition of clinical reasoning skills among undergraduate nursing students. Training institutions and hospitals should periodically revise the curriculum and provide sufficient resources to facilitate effective teaching and learning of clinical reasoning. Nurse educators must also update their knowledge and skills through continuous professional development if they are to transfer the skill effectively.

基于Reason模型的SIF-Q260型电子小肠镜故障原因分析

根据武汉大学中南医院内窥镜中心SIF-Q260型小肠镜故障率高且维修成本高的情况,应用Reason模型,从环境影响、不安全监督、不安全行为前兆及不安全行为4个层面分析造成SIF-Q260小肠镜故障的原因,针对各个层面故障原因,从定期培训以规范内窥镜的洗消及使用、设置专人管理内窥镜并定期对内窥镜使用洗消的规范性进行监督及评价、完善内窥镜监管系统3方面拟定改进措施,堵住系统“漏洞”,为内窥镜质量控制措施的制定提供依据,可预防和减少内窥镜故障的发生。

On the “Reasonable” Handling of Personal Information Disclosed According to the Law

The model for protection of personal information dis-closed according to the law has changed from indirect protection to direct protection.The indirect protection model for traditional repu-tation rights and privacy rights was not enough to meet the practical needs of governance.However;due to the ambiguity in the application of the“reasonable”processing requirements,the direct protection model centered on Article 27 of the Personal Information Protection Law also is not enough to effectively respond to practical disputes.The essence of the problem is to resolve the tension between informa-tion circulation and risk control and reshape the legal order for the protection of personal information disclosed according to the law.The determination of“reasonable”should be centered on the scenario theory and holism interpretation and carried out by using the interpre-tation technique of the dynamic system under Article 998 of the Civil Code.With the support of scenario-based discussions and comparative propositions,the crawling and tag extraction of personal information.disclosed according to the law should be considered as reasonable processing;profiling and automated decision-making should not be covered in the scope of reasonable processing,in principle;for behav-iors such as correlation analysis,elements like information subject,identifiability and sensitivity should be comprehensively considered to draw open and inclusive conclusions in individual cases.

Knowledge Reasoning Method Based on Deep Transfer Reinforcement Learning:DTRLpath

In recent years,with the continuous development of deep learning and knowledge graph reasoning methods,more and more researchers have shown great interest in improving knowledge graph reasoning methods by inferring missing facts through reasoning.By searching paths on the knowledge graph and making fact and link predictions based on these paths,deep learning-based Reinforcement Learning(RL)agents can demonstrate good performance and interpretability.Therefore,deep reinforcement learning-based knowledge reasoning methods have rapidly emerged in recent years and have become a hot research topic.However,even in a small and fixed knowledge graph reasoning action space,there are still a large number of invalid actions.It often leads to the interruption of RL agents’wandering due to the selection of invalid actions,resulting in a significant decrease in the success rate of path mining.In order to improve the success rate of RL agents in the early stages of path search,this article proposes a knowledge reasoning method based on Deep Transfer Reinforcement Learning path(DTRLpath).Before supervised pre-training and retraining,a pre-task of searching for effective actions in a single step is added.The RL agent is first trained in the pre-task to improve its ability to search for effective actions.Then,the trained agent is transferred to the target reasoning task for path search training,which improves its success rate in searching for target task paths.Finally,based on the comparative experimental results on the FB15K-237 and NELL-995 datasets,it can be concluded that the proposed method significantly improves the success rate of path search and outperforms similar methods in most reasoning tasks.

IndRT-GCNets: Knowledge Reasoning with Independent Recurrent Temporal Graph Convolutional Representations

Due to the structural dependencies among concurrent events in the knowledge graph and the substantial amount of sequential correlation information carried by temporally adjacent events,we propose an Independent Recurrent Temporal Graph Convolution Networks(IndRT-GCNets)framework to efficiently and accurately capture event attribute information.The framework models the knowledge graph sequences to learn the evolutionary represen-tations of entities and relations within each period.Firstly,by utilizing the temporal graph convolution module in the evolutionary representation unit,the framework captures the structural dependency relationships within the knowledge graph in each period.Meanwhile,to achieve better event representation and establish effective correlations,an independent recurrent neural network is employed to implement auto-regressive modeling.Furthermore,static attributes of entities in the entity-relation events are constrained andmerged using a static graph constraint to obtain optimal entity representations.Finally,the evolution of entity and relation representations is utilized to predict events in the next subsequent step.On multiple real-world datasets such as Freebase13(FB13),Freebase 15k(FB15K),WordNet11(WN11),WordNet18(WN18),FB15K-237,WN18RR,YAGO3-10,and Nell-995,the results of multiple evaluation indicators show that our proposed IndRT-GCNets framework outperforms most existing models on knowledge reasoning tasks,which validates the effectiveness and robustness.

An Analysis of the Main Reason and Solutions for the Failure of TEFL in Thailand

TEFL in Thailand is still not successful compared with other countries in Asia.On the basis of literature and study of the relevant official documents,the present paper makes an analysis on the reasons for the failure of TEFL in Thailand.It is revealed that the main reason for the failure of TEFL in Thailand is lack of qualified teachers.Some solutions to the failure of TEFL are also proposed in the paper.

A reasoning diagram based method for fault diagnosis of railway point system

Railway Point System(RPS)is an important infrastructure in railway industry and its faults may have significant impacts on the safety and efficiency of train operations.For the fault diagnosis of RPS,most existing methods assume that sufficient samples of each failure mode are available,which may be unrealistic,especially for those modes of low occurrence frequency but with high risk.To address this issue,this work proposes a novel fault diagnosis method that only requires the power signals generated under normal RPS operations in the training stage.Specifically,the failure modes of RPS are distinguished through constructing a reasoning diagram,whose nodes are either binary logic problems or those that can be decomposed into the problems of the binary logic.Then,an unsupervised method for the signal segmentation and a fault detection method are combined to make decisions for each binary logic problem.Based on the results of decisions,the diagnostic rules are established to identify the failure modes.Finally,the data collected from multiple real-world RPSs are used for validation and the results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the benchmark in identifying the faults of RPSs.

基于改进Reason模型的航空事故人为维修差错解析与预防

当今航空工业发展迅猛,航空器制造管理技术日趋成熟,重大航空事故发生率逐年下降,但维修差错相关事故占比却不降反升。本文首先利用数组数据,证明了因维修差错造成的事故在航空事故中的占比在逐渐提高。其次利用Reason模型提出了一种归纳方法,利用历史航空事故数据进行分析,通过讨论各类维修差错致因在航空事故Reason模型中的占比,给出减少维修差错的建议。

Intelligent Color Reasoning of IOT Based on P-laws

Aiming at the dynamics and uncertainties of natural colors affected by the natural environment,a color P-law generation model based on the natural environment is proposed to develop algorithms and to provide a theoretical basis for plant dynamic color simulation and color sensor data transmission.Based on the HSL(Hue,Saturation,Lightness)color solid,the proposed method uses the function P-set to provide a color P-law generation model and an algorithm of the Dynamic Colors System(DCS),establishing the DCS modeling theory of the natural environment and the color P-reasoning simulation based on the HSL color solid.The experimental results show that based on the color P-law,for the DCS of the natural environment,when the external factors change,the color of the plant changes,accordingly,verifying the effectiveness of the color P-law generation model and the algorithm of the DCS.In the dynamic color intel-ligent simulation system,when external factors change,the dynamic change of plant color generally conforms to the basic laws of the natural environment.This enables the effective extraction of color data from the Internet of Things(IoT)-based color sensors and provides an effective way to significantly reduce the data transmission bandwidth of the IoT network.

An Ontology Based Cyclone Tracks Classification Using SWRL Reasoning and SVM

Tropical cyclones(TC)are often associated with severe weather conditions which cause great losses to lives and property.The precise classification of cyclone tracks is significantly important in thefield of weather forecasting.In this paper we propose a novel hybrid model that integrates ontology and Support Vector Machine(SVM)to classify the tropical cyclone tracks into four types of classes namely straight,quasi-straight,curving and sinuous based on the track shape.Tropical Cyclone TRacks Ontology(TCTRO)described in this paper is a knowledge base which comprises of classes,objects and data properties that represent the interaction among the TC characteristics.A set of SWRL(Semantic Web Rule Language)rules are directly inserted to the TCTRO ontology for reasoning and inferring new knowledge from ontology.Furthermore,we propose a learning algorithm which utilizes the inferred knowledge for optimizing the feature subset.According to experiments on the IBTrACS dataset,the proposed ontology based SVM classifier achieves an accuracy of 98.3%with reduced classification error rates.

Correlation between Reasons for Prescription and Karyotype Results in Patients Referred for Suspected Chromosomal Abnormalities

Karyotype prescription is based on clinical signs (or reasons for karyotype prescription) which are phenotypic manifestations associated with chromosomal abnormalities. The aim of this study was to establish a correspondence between karyotype indications and their results in patients. This was a retrospective study that was carried out in the Histology-Embryology-Cytogenetics laboratory of the University Hospital of Cocody-Abidjan from 2014 to 2019. 58 patient files were identified and included the indication or reason for prescribing a constitutional karyotype and the biological result obtained. An individual data sheet was used to collect the data. 17 reasons for prescription were identified and divided into 2 groups. Sexual ambiguity was the most frequent reason (29.3%). The first group (G1) represented the 10 reasons for which the karyotype results were normal. The second group (G2) corresponded of the 7 motives with normal or abnormal karyotype results. Several anomalies were listed according to these reasons: inversions, mosaics (anomalies of number and structure) and trisomy 21. The last was the most frequent chromosomal anomaly (69.24%). It was found in several reasons for karyotype prescription: malformations, neurological disorders, suspected trisomy and cardiac pathology. Several factors could explain these results, among which are the limits of the karyotype and the non-genetic causes that can induce these abnormal phenotypes. Complementary examinations to the karyotype are molecular cytogenetic techniques, notably fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and array comparative genomic hybridization (Array-CGH).

Data-Driven Model for Risk Assessment of Cable Fire in Utility Tunnels Using Evidential Reasoning Approach

Cable fire is one of the most important events for operation and maintenance(O&M)safety in underground utility tunnels(UUTs).Since there are limited studies about cable fire risk assessment,a comprehensive assessment model is proposed to evaluate the cable fire risk in different UUT sections and improve O&M efficiency.Considering the uncertainties in the risk assessment,an evidential reasoning(ER)approach is used to combine quantitative sensor data and qualitative expert judgments.Meanwhile,a data transformation technique is contributed to transform continuous data into a five-grade distributed assessment.Then,a case study demonstrates how the model and the ER approach are established.The results show that in Shenzhen,China,the cable fire risk in District 8,B Road is the lowest,while more resources should be paid in District 3,C Road and District 25,C Road,which are selected as comparative roads.Based on the model,a data-driven O&M process is proposed to improve the O&M effectiveness,compared with traditional methods.This study contributes an effective ER-based cable fire evaluation model to improve the O&M efficiency of cable fire in UUTs.

Historical Changes of Ningxia Natural Disasters and Its Reason Analysis

A quantitative model is built and the historical variation of natural disasters is analyzed in this paper,by using materials as affected area(damaged area),affected population(dead and injured),casualty of livestock,collapsed houses(damaged houses),decrease of crops yield,economic loss(direct and indirect) and price index over the same period of Ningxia natural disasters(include drought,flood,gale and hail,frost,pest disasters and other disasters) during 1978-2007,and applying gray correlation analysis method.The long-term changes trend of natural disasters is analyzed by the application of the least squares method for linear trend,and the oscillation period is analyzed by using the maximum entropy statistical method.It is found that natural disasters have basically 2 to 3 years of variation period either in the whole region or in the individual regions;from the mid 1980s to the late 1990s,Ningxia is in an oscillation period with disasters attacked frequently in decadal and interannual scale under the background of climate;the increase of damage intensity of natural disasters slow down and tends to decrease since 2000.

A case-based reasoning method of recognizing liquefaction pits induced by 2021 M_(W) 7.3 Madoi earthquake

Earthquake-triggered liquefaction deformation could lead to severe infrastructure damage and associated casualties and property damage.At present,there are few studies on the rapid extraction of liquefaction pits based on high-resolution satellite images.Therefore,we provide a framework for extracting liquefaction pits based on a case-based reasoning method.Furthermore,five covariates selection methods were used to filter the 11 covariates that were generated from high-resolution satellite images and digital elevation models(DEM).The proposed method was trained with 450 typical samples which were collected based on visual interpretation,then used the trained case-based reasoning method to identify the liquefaction pits in the whole study area.The performance of the proposed methods was evaluated from three aspects,the prediction accuracies of liquefaction pits based on the validation samples by kappa index,the comparison between the pre-and post-earthquake images,the rationality of spatial distribution of liquefaction pits.The final result shows the importance of covariates ranked by different methods could be different.However,the most important of covariates is consistent.When selecting five most important covariates,the value of kappa index could be about 96%.There also exist clear differences between the pre-and post-earthquake areas that were identified as liquefaction pits.The predicted spatial distribution of liquefaction is also consistent with the formation principle of liquefaction.

The Reasons for Admission of Elderly Subjects in Intensive Care at the CHU Ignace Deen

Objective: To determine the reasons for admission of elderly subjects and the prognosis in general intensive care. Patients and Methods: Observational descriptive and analytical study with prospective collection of data over a period of one year from January 1 to December 31, 2021. Patients aged 65 or over were included. Abstract: During the study period, 223 cases were collected out of 587 patients admitted, giving a prevalence of 37.9%. The average age was 74.127.39 ± years with extremes of 65 and 96 years and a male predominance (58.7%). The comorbidities were dominated by arterial hypertension (71.3%). The patients were: transferred from medical and surgical emergencies (75.8%). The average admission time was 48.8 ± 29.8 hours. One hundred and eight patients had a Glasgow score between 3 and 7. The reasons for admission were dominated by vascular causes (51.6%). Strokes of any type accounted for 43.9% of these reasons for admission. The average time for carrying out the biological assessments and imaging was 41.8 ± 27.3 hours with the extremes of 3 and 89 hours, 37.2% had a complete assessment within 24 hours. The average duration of hospitalization was 7.10 ± 8.87 days with extremes of 1 and 72 days. The mortality rate was 71.7%. Conclusion: This study has made it possible to take stock of the reasons for the admission of elderly subjects to intensive care. It appears that vascular causes are the main reasons for admission with heavy comorbidities which results in high mortality.

Similarity Intelligence:Similarity Based Reasoning,Computing,and Analytics

Similarity has been playing an important role in computer science,artificial intelligence(AI)and data science.However,similarity intelligence has been ignored in these disciplines.Similarity intelligence is a process of discovering intelligence through similarity.This article will explore similarity intelligence,similarity-based reasoning,similarity computing and analytics.More specifically,this article looks at the similarity as an intelligence and its impact on a few areas in the real world.It explores similarity intelligence accompanying experience-based intelligence,knowledge-based intelligence,and data-based intelligence to play an important role in computer science,AI,and data science.This article explores similarity-based reasoning(SBR)and proposes three similarity-based inference rules.It then examines similarity computing and analytics,and a multiagent SBR system.The main contributions of this article are:1)Similarity intelligence is discovered from experience-based intelligence consisting of data-based intelligence and knowledge-based intelligence.2)Similarity-based reasoning,computing and analytics can be used to create similarity intelligence.The proposed approach will facilitate research and development of similarity intelligence,similarity computing and analytics,machine learning and case-based reasoning.

Active suspension control of a one-wheel car model using single input rule modules fuzzy reasoning and a disturbance observer

This paper presents the construction of an active suspension control of a one-wheel car model using fuzzy reasoning and a disturbance observer. The one-wheel car model to be treated here can be approximately described as a nonlinear two degrees of freedom system subject to excitation from a road profile. The active control is designed as the fuzzy control inferred by using single input rule modules fuzzy reasoning, and the active control force is released by actuating a pneumatic actuator. The excitation from the road profile is estimated by using a disturbance observer, and the estimate is denoted as one of the variables in the precondition part of the fuzzy control rules. A compensator is inserted to counter the performance degradation due to the delay of the pneumatic actuator. The experimental result indicates that the proposed active suspension system improves much the vibration suppression of the car model. Key words One-wheel car model - Active suspension system - Single input rule modules fuzzy reasoning - Pneumatic actuator - Disturbance observer Document code A CLC number TH16