Idiopathic nondementing Parkinson’s disease (PD) is marked by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area. Recent brain imaging work implicates these stru...Idiopathic nondementing Parkinson’s disease (PD) is marked by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area. Recent brain imaging work implicates these structures in dopamine modulated networks subserving episodic memory. These findings are of relevance to PD because they suggest that dopamine depletion contributes to the disease-dependent decline in episodic memory, and therefore, this decline should, at least partially, be remediated by dopaminergic medication. Recognition memory (RM), recollection and familiarity during recognition was examined in 17 PD patients, 12 of whom were medicated with a D2 dopamine agonist (pramipexole or ropinirole) and l-dopa, with a further 5 PD control patients on l-dopa but no D2 agonist. Memory was tested “ON” and, following a period of medication withdrawal, “OFF” and compared to a group of 14 matched healthy volunteers (HV). The HVs were also tested twice in the absence of medication. The patients on the agonists PD showed significant impairments in recollection ON- and OFF-medication, whereas the l-dopa control patients exhibited a decline in OFF-recollection only. RM and familiarity were spared in both groups ON- and OFF-medication. These findings suggest that D2 dopamine agonists (combined with l-dopa) contribute to disease-dependent episodic memory impairment.展开更多
【目的】为研究γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)种子引发处理对盐胁迫下辣椒种子萌发和幼苗生长的效果及其可能机制。【方法】以茂蔬360朝天椒为材料,通过不同浓度γ-氨基丁酸(0、1.0、2.0、4.0、6.0、8.0μmol/L)种子引发处理,分析了100 mM NaCl模...【目的】为研究γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)种子引发处理对盐胁迫下辣椒种子萌发和幼苗生长的效果及其可能机制。【方法】以茂蔬360朝天椒为材料,通过不同浓度γ-氨基丁酸(0、1.0、2.0、4.0、6.0、8.0μmol/L)种子引发处理,分析了100 mM NaCl模拟盐胁迫下的辣椒种子萌发及幼苗生长的形态、生理和生化指标,【结果】浓度为6.0μmol/L的GABA引发处理显著增加了辣椒种子的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量,降低了O_(2)-·和MDA的积累,提高了CAT酶活性、ASA及DHA含量;GABA引发处理提高了辣椒种子盐胁迫下发芽率22.6%、发芽势9.91倍、发芽指数56.3%及活力指数70.6%;GABA引发处理增加了盐胁迫下辣椒幼苗的地上部鲜质量、根系鲜质量、干质量及株高,降低了幼苗MDA含量、可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量,增加了SOD、CAT和APX活性。【结论】GABA通过提前启动种子贮藏物质的代谢及调控抗氧化防御能力增强辣椒种子萌发能力及耐盐性,并且在幼苗阶段再遇盐碱胁迫下,调控渗透调节物质含量和增强抗氧化酶活性,增加幼苗对盐胁迫的耐受性。展开更多
文摘Idiopathic nondementing Parkinson’s disease (PD) is marked by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area. Recent brain imaging work implicates these structures in dopamine modulated networks subserving episodic memory. These findings are of relevance to PD because they suggest that dopamine depletion contributes to the disease-dependent decline in episodic memory, and therefore, this decline should, at least partially, be remediated by dopaminergic medication. Recognition memory (RM), recollection and familiarity during recognition was examined in 17 PD patients, 12 of whom were medicated with a D2 dopamine agonist (pramipexole or ropinirole) and l-dopa, with a further 5 PD control patients on l-dopa but no D2 agonist. Memory was tested “ON” and, following a period of medication withdrawal, “OFF” and compared to a group of 14 matched healthy volunteers (HV). The HVs were also tested twice in the absence of medication. The patients on the agonists PD showed significant impairments in recollection ON- and OFF-medication, whereas the l-dopa control patients exhibited a decline in OFF-recollection only. RM and familiarity were spared in both groups ON- and OFF-medication. These findings suggest that D2 dopamine agonists (combined with l-dopa) contribute to disease-dependent episodic memory impairment.
文摘【目的】为研究γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)种子引发处理对盐胁迫下辣椒种子萌发和幼苗生长的效果及其可能机制。【方法】以茂蔬360朝天椒为材料,通过不同浓度γ-氨基丁酸(0、1.0、2.0、4.0、6.0、8.0μmol/L)种子引发处理,分析了100 mM NaCl模拟盐胁迫下的辣椒种子萌发及幼苗生长的形态、生理和生化指标,【结果】浓度为6.0μmol/L的GABA引发处理显著增加了辣椒种子的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量,降低了O_(2)-·和MDA的积累,提高了CAT酶活性、ASA及DHA含量;GABA引发处理提高了辣椒种子盐胁迫下发芽率22.6%、发芽势9.91倍、发芽指数56.3%及活力指数70.6%;GABA引发处理增加了盐胁迫下辣椒幼苗的地上部鲜质量、根系鲜质量、干质量及株高,降低了幼苗MDA含量、可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量,增加了SOD、CAT和APX活性。【结论】GABA通过提前启动种子贮藏物质的代谢及调控抗氧化防御能力增强辣椒种子萌发能力及耐盐性,并且在幼苗阶段再遇盐碱胁迫下,调控渗透调节物质含量和增强抗氧化酶活性,增加幼苗对盐胁迫的耐受性。
