Controlling malignant pericardial effusion by intrapericardial administration of recombinant mutant human tumor necrosis factor in patients with carcinoma

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of injecting recombinant mutant human tumor necrosis factor (rmhTNF) into pericardial cavity of carcinoma patients with malignant pericardial effusion. Methods: In 20 cases of malignant pericardial effusion, the intrapericardial catheter was inserted into pericardial cavity, and then rmhTNF of 1.5 × 107 U was infused. The infusion was repeated every 5-7 days with the total 4-6 times. If the effusion disappeared, rmhTNF was then used 2 more times and then the intrapericardial catheter was pulled out. Results: Of 20 patients, 14 were complete response (CR), 4 were partial response (PR) and 2 no change (NC). The disappearance of effusion in 6 cases lasted for more than 6 months. Conclusion: Injecting rmhTNF into pericardial cavity may be a better way to control malignant pericardial effusion and has mild side effects.

Inhibition of telomerase with human telomerase reverse transcriptase antisense increases the sensitivity of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells

Aim： To investigate the effect of inhibition of telomerase with human telomerase reverse transcriptase （hTERT） antisense on tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells （PC3）. Methods： Antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide （AS PS-ODN） was synthesized and purified. Telomerase activity was measured using the telomeric repeat amplification protocol （TRAP） and polymerase chain reaction enzyme-linked immunoassay （PCR-ELISA）. hTERT mRNA was measured by reverse transcription PCR （RT-PCR） assay and gel-image system, hTERT protein was detected by immunochemistry and flow cytometry. Cell viability was detected by 3-（4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium （MTT） assay. Cell apoptosis was observed by morphological method and determined by flow cytometry. Results： The telomerase activity decreased with time after hTERT AS PS-ODN treatment. The levels of hTERT mRNA decreased with time after hTERT AS PS-ODN treatment, which appeared before the decline of the telomerase activity. The percentage of positive cells of hTERT protein declined with time after hTERT AS PS-ODN treatment, which appeared after the decline of hTERT mRNA. There was no difference in telomerase activity, hTERT mRNA and protein levels between hTERT sense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide （S PS-ODN） and the control group. The cell viability decreased with time after hTERT AS PS-ODN combined with TNF-α treatment. The percentage of apoptosis increased with time after hTERT AS PS-ODN combined with TNF-α treatment. There was no difference in cell viability and the percentage of apoptosis between hTERT S PS-ODN and the control group. Conclusion： hTERT AS PS-ODN can significantly inhibit telomerase activity by downregulating the hTERT mRNA and protein expression, and inhibition of telomerase with hTERT antisense can enhance TNF-α- induced apoptosis of PC3 cells.

Antitumor effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand combined with mevastatin on a human glioma cell line SWO-38

BACKGROUND： Previous studies have reported that statins are less toxic to the human body and have greater antitumor activity; however, few studies have addressed the antitumor effect of statins combined with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand （TRAIL）. OBJECTIVE： To explore the effect of TRAIL combined with mevastatin on the proliferation and apoptotic cell death of a human glioma cell line SWO-38, and to study its mechanism of action. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： An in vitro control experiment was performed at the Central Laboratory of the Third Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, between January and April 2009. MATERIALS： The human SWO-38 cell line was provided by Cell Research, Department of Animal Experimental Center of Sun Yat-sen University; human recombinant soluble TRAIL by R＆D, USA; and mevastatin by Sigma, USA. METHODS： SWO-38 cells were separately incubated in TRAIL （100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 tJg/L） and mevastatin （5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 pmol/L） for 72 hours. In addition, SWO-38 cells were incubated in TRAIL （300 μg/L）, mevastatin （30 μmol/L）, and a solution containing both TRAIL and mevastatin for 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Cell proliferation was detected using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay; cell apoptosis was observed using Hoechst 33258 staining and fluorescence microscopy and was measured using Annexin V/propidium iodide flow cytometry; TRAIL R1/DR4 and TRAIL R2/DR5 protein expressions levels were measured using indirect immunofluorescence staining combined with flow cytometry in the recombinant soluble TRAIL （rsTRAIL, 300 tJg/L）, mevastatin （30 IJmol/L） and combination groups; TRAIL R1/DR4 and TRAIL R2/DR5 mRNA expression was detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS： rsTRAIL, mevastatin and their combination inhibited tumor proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The proliferation inhibitory rate and apoptosis rate of human SWO-38 cells in the combined group were significantly greater than the rsTRAIL or mevastatin alone group （P 〈 0.01）. TRAIL R1/DR4 and TRAIL R2/DR5 protein and mRNA expressions were increased in the combination group compared with mevastatin or rsTRAIL alone after 72 hours （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Both rsTRAIL and mevastatin inhibit the proliferation and apoptosis of the human glioma cell line SWO-38, while their combination enhances the anti-tumor effect. The mechanism of action possibly correlates to the upregulation of TRAIL R1/DR4 and TRAIL R2/DR5 mRNA expression by mevastatin, thereby enhancing the cell sensitivity to rsTRAIL.

Upregulation of stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha/CXCR4 axis-induced migration of human neural progenitors by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-8

BACKGROUND： Studies of several animal models of central nervous system diseases have shown that neural progenitor cells （NPCs） can migrate to injured tissues. Stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha （SDF-la）, and its primary physiological receptor CXCR4, have been shown to contribute to this process. OBJECTIVE： To investigate migration efficacy of human NPCs toward a SDF-1α gradient, and the regulatory roles of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and interleukin-8 （IL-8） in SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis-induced migration of NPCs. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： An in vitro, randomized, controlled, cellular and molecular biology study was performed at the Laboratory of Department of Cell Biology, Medical College of Soochow University between October 2005 and November 2007. MATERIALS： SDF-1α and mouse anti-human CXCR4 fusion antibody were purchased from R＆D Systems, USA. TNF-αwas purchased from Biomyx Technology, USA and IL-8 was kindly provided by the Biotechnology Research Institute of Soochow University. METHODS： NPCs isolated from forebrain tissue of 9 to 10-week-old human fetuses were cultured in vitro. The cells were incubated with 0, 20, and 40 ng/mL TNF-α, or 0, 20, and 40 ng/mL IL-8, for 48 hours prior to migration assay. For antibody-blocking experiments, cells were further pretreated with 0, 20, and 40 μg/mL mouse anti-human CXCR4 fusion antibody for 2 hours. Subsequently, the transwell assay and CXCR4 blockade experiments were performed to evaluate migration of human NPCs toward a SDF-1α gradient. Serum-free culture medium without SDF-1α served as the negative control. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The transwell assay was performed to evaluate migration of human NPCs toward a SDF-1α gradient, which was blocked by fusion antibody against CXCR4. In addition, CXCR4 expression in human NPCs stimulated by TNF-α and IL-8 was measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS： Results from the transwell assay demonstrated that SDF-1α was a strong chemoattractant for human NPCs （P 〈 0.01）, and 20 ng/mL produced the highest levels of migration. Anti-human CXCR4 fusion antibody significantly blocked the chemotactic effect （P 〈 0.05）. Flow cytometry results showed that treatment with TNF-α and IL-8 resulted in increased CXCR4 expression and greater chemotaxis efficiency of NPCs towards SDF-1α（P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： These results demonstrated that SDF-la significantly attracted NPCs in vitro, and neutralizing anti-CXCR4 antibody could block part of this chemotactic function. TNF-α and IL-8 increased chemotaxis efficiency of NPCs towards the SDF-1αgradient by upregulating CXCR4 expression in NPCs.

Tumor necrosis factor-αinhibition restores matrix formation by human adipose-derived stem cells in the late stage of chondrogenic differentiation

BACKGROUND Cartilage tissue engineering is a promising strategy for treating cartilage damage.Matrix formation by adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs),which are one type of seed cell used for cartilage tissue engineering,decreases in the late stage of induced chondrogenic differentiation in vitro,which seriously limits research on ADSCs and their application.AIM To improve the chondrogenic differentiation efficiency of ADSCs in vitro,and optimize the existing chondrogenic induction protocol.METHODS Tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)inhibitor was added to chondrogenic culture medium,and then Western blotting,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,immunofluorescence and toluidine blue staining were used to detect the cartilage matrix secretion and the expression of key proteins of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)signaling pathway.RESULTS In this study,we found that the levels of TNF-αand matrix metalloproteinase 3 were increased during the chondrogenic differentiation of ADSCs.TNF-αthen bound to its receptor and activated the NF-κB pathway,leading to a decrease in cartilage matrix synthesis and secretion.Blocking TNF-αwith its inhibitors etanercept(1μg/mL)or infliximab(10μg/mL)significantly restored matrix formation.CONCLUSION Therefore,this study developed a combination of ADSC therapy and targeted anti-inflammatory drugs to optimize the chondrogenesis of ADSCs,and this approach could be very beneficial for translating ADSC-based approaches to treat cartilage damage.

Effects of increased human tumor necrosis factor-like molecule 1A expression in peripheral blood of children with acute Guillain-Barre syndrome on interferon-gamma secretion

BACKGROUND： Human tumor necrosis factor-like molecule 1A （hTL1A） is a strong T helper cell type 1 （Thl） co-stimulator. Guillain-Barre syndrome （GBS） is an autoimmune disorder of the nervous system, which is mediated by Thl cells. OBJECTIVE： To determine hTL1A expression in peripheral blood T lymphocytes of acute GBS children and the effects of hTL1A on secretion of interferon-γ. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, neuroimmunological in vitro study was performed at the Central Laboratory of First Hospital of Jilin University, China from November 2005 to November 2007. MATERIALS： Venous blood samples were obtained from 6 healthy donors, aged 6-12 years （all routine blood examination items were normal）, and 6 additional children with acute GBS, aged 6-12 years. The GBS children fell ill within 1 week and were not treated with hormones or immunoglobulin Purified recombinant human soluble tumor necrosis factor-like molecule 1A （rhsTL1A, 1 mg/mL, relative molecular mass 22 000, 6× His tag, soluble form） was supplied by the Central Laboratory of First Hospital of Jilin University, China. METHODS： Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from healthy donors using the standard Ficoll gradient centrifugation and were incubated in 96-well culture plates. The cells were assigned to the following groups： control （2 μg/mL phytohemagglutinin）, 2μg/mL phytohemagglutinin ＋ 25, 100 and 400 ng/mL rhsTL1A. T cell proliferation was quantified using the tritiated thymidine （3H-TdR） method. Serum interferon-γ levels in acute GBS children were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The ratio of hTL1A-positive T cells to CD3-positive T cells in peripheral blood of acute GBS children was determined using flow cytometry. Following in vitro pre-activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by 2 μg/mL phytohemagglutinin, the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were treated with 400 ng/mL exogenous rhsTLIA. Finally, peripheral blood mononuclear cell-secreted interferon-γlevels were measured by ELISA. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The following parameters were measured： rhsTLIA stimulation index to stimulate proliferation of T cells; the serum interferon-γ levels in acute GBS children; the ratio of hTL1A-positive cells to CD3-positive cells; the levels of interferon-γ secreted by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in acute GBS children, as well as rhsTL1A-stimulated interferon-γ levels. RESULTS： T cell proliferation assay revealed that the stimulation index in each rhsTL1A group was greater than the control group. The stimulation index of the 400 ng/mL rhsTL1A group was the greatest. Serum interferon-γ levels in acute GBS children were significantly greater than the control group （P 〈 0.05）. The ratio of hTLIA＋ CD3＋ T cells to CD3＋ T cells in acute GBS children was significantly greater than the control group （P 〈 0.01 ）. Phytohemagglutinin stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells to a greater extent than 400 ng/mL rhsTL1A in the acute GBS group, and the secreted interferon-γ levels were significantly increased （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： In T cells pre-activated with 2 μg/mL phytohemagglutinin, proliferation was effectively increased with 400 ng/mL rhsTL1A treatment. Expression of hTLIA was increased in activated T cells from peripheral blood of acute GBS children, followed by increased interferon-γ secretion. These mechanisms are considered to be part of the pathological process that induces the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in GBS syndrome.

Effects of epidermal growth factor on the growth of human gastric cancer cell and the implanted tumor of nude mice

AIM: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays an important role in the regulation of gastrointestinal tissue growth and development, and it can stimulate epithelial proliferation, cell differentiation and growth. It has been established that the EGF can promote gastric cytoprotection and ulcer healing. But the potential ability of EGF to regulate the gastric cancer growth is unknown. This study is to investigate the influence of EGF on human gastric cancer cell and the implanted tumor growth of nude mice. METHODS: The cell growth rates of human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines MKN-28, MKN-45, SGC-7901 and normal human gastric epithelial cells 3T3 were assessed when incubated with recombinant human EGF (rhEGF, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 10, 50, 100 mg.L(-1)) using MTT method. The cells of MKN-28, MKN-45, SGC-7901 (gastric cancer tissue 1.5mm(3)) were implanted in the BALB/cA nude mice for 10 days.The EGF was given intraperitoneally (15, 30, 60 microg.kg(-1)) for 3 weeks. The body weights of the tumor-bearing animals and their tumor mass were measured afterwards to assess the mitogenic effect of rhEGF in the nude mice. RESULTS: Within the concentration range of 0.05-100mg.L(-1), rhEGF could increase the cell growth of normal 3T3 cells (cell growth rate 100% vs 102.8%, P【0.05), but partially restrain the gastric cancer cell growth. The latter effect was related to cell differentiation. In 15-60 microg/kg rhEGF groups, the mean implanted tumor mass of MKN-28 cell were 1.75 g, 1.91 g, 2.08 g/NS group 1.97 g (P】0.05), the mean tumor mass of SGC-7901 cell were 1.53 g, 1.07 g, 1.20 g/NS group 1.07 g (P】0.05), and for MKN-45 cell, the tumor mass were respectively 1.92 g, 1.29 g, 1.77 /NS group 1.82 g (P】0.05). So rhEGF had no obvious effect on implanted MKN-28, SGC-7901 and MKN-45 tumor growth. CONCLUSION: EGF has no stimulating effect on the human gastric cancer cell growth neither in vitro nor in vivo.

Effect of tumor necrosis factor-α on ventricular arrhythmias in rats with acute myocardial infarction in vivo

Acute myocardial infarction （AMI） is an acute cardiovascular emergency. This study was undertaken to assess the effect of tumor necrosis factor-a （TNF-a） on ventricular arrhythmias induced byAMI in rats in vivo. Two hundred and forty male Wistar rats were randomized into a sham- operation group, an AMI group, and a recombinant human tumor necrosis factor receptor：Fc fusion protein（rhTNFR：Fc） group. Acute anterior wall myocardial infarction was produced in the AMI group by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery （LAD）, and there was no ligation but operation in the sham-operation group. The rhTNFR：Fc group was treated with rhTNFR：Fc（10 mg/kg）, a TNF-a antagonist, 24 hours before LAD ligation. The spontaneous and induced programmed electrical stimulation ventricular arrhythmias were recorded at baseline and 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 3 hours, 6 hours and 12 hours after ligation. At the same time the protein and mRNA expression levels of TNF-a among different groups were detected by histochemistry and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Expression of TNF-a increased markedly from 10 minutes after infarction, peaked at 20-30 minutes, and returned to baseline gradually in the AMI group and rhTNFR：Fc group. The time- windows of spontaneous and induced ventricular arrhythmias were similar. Compared with the AMI group, the rhTNFR：Fc group showed a lesser expression of TNF-a protein and a lower incidence of ventricular arrhythmias （P〈0.05）. There was no obvious change in the sham-operation group. The expression of TNF-a induced by AMI could contribute to the onset of ventricular arrhythmias.

Protective effect of curcumin on tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced neuronal damage in the rat hippocampus A relationship to the inhibition of neuronal Ca^(2+) influx

BACKGROUND： Previous studies of curcumin have focused mainly on its cytotoxic properties for antitumor therapy. There are few studies addressing the application of curcumin in the prevention and treatment of nervous system diseases. OBJECTIVE： To observe the protective effect of curcumin against tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α）-induced neuronal damage in the rat hippocampus and to explore the intervention effect of curcumin on Ca^2＋ influx following neuronal damage. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A cell morphological and physiological study was performed at the Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, China, from December 2006 to June 2007. MATERIALS： Curcumin （Sigma, USA） and TNF-α （Sigma, USA） were used in this study. METHODS： Hippocampal neurons were isolated from one-day neonatal rats and primarily cultured for 5 days. Following this they received 1 pmol/L curcumin and 100 ng/mL TNF-a pre-treatment. Dynamic morphological changes were observed for 1 hour by inverted microscopy. At 48 hours post-treatment, static morphological characteristics of the neurons were observed using inverted microscopy. Subsequently, hippocampal neurons were primarily cultured for 7 days, after receiving 1 pmol/L curcumJn and 4.5 ng/mL TNF-a pre-treatment. Intracellular free Ca^2＋ was measured using Fluo 3/acetoxymethyl ester. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Effects of curcumin on TNF-a-induced neuronal damage and Ca^2＋ influx in the rat hippocampus were measured. RESULTS： Following curcumin treatment, TNF-a-induced neurons grew as normal. TNF-a induced a rapid Ca^2＋ influx into the neuronal cytoplasm; however, Ca2＋ fluorescence intensity only slightly increased when neurons were co-perfused with curcumin and TNF-α. CONCLUSION： Curcumin has a protective effect on rat hippocampal neurons possibly by reducing the TNF-α-induced rapid Ca^2＋ influx into neuronal cytoplasm and by maintaining the Ca^2＋ homeostasis.

Morphological Study on the Mechanism of Tumor-selective Cytocidal Action of Tumor Necrosis Factor

Using light microscopy and electron microscopy, we observed the morphological changes inheuman hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (SMMC-7721) treated with tumor necrosis tumor necrosis factor (TNF)and the cytocidal effect of TNF on the heterotransplanted human hepatocellular carcinoma. It wasfound that the changes of the injury occurred earlier in the cell membranes than in the nuclei duringthe course of TNF killing of SMMC-7721 cells and there were similar lesions around the necroticarea in the heterotransplanted human hepatocellular carcinoma in the nude mice as compared withthose produced in SMMC-7721 cells. In addition, the determination of the DNA content in TNF-treated SMMC-7721 cells and controls revealed no significant difference between them. On the basisof these results and Darzynkiewicz’s proposals, it is suggested that TNF exerts its tumor-selectivekilling effect by binding to a specific to a specific plasma membrane receptor to disturb synthesis or assembly ofcell membrane components, thus causing the plasma membrane injury and finally cell lysis.

Recombinant scorpion insectotoxin AaIT kills specifically insect cells but not human cells

The nucleotide sequence deduced from the amino acid sequence of the scorpion insectotoxin AaIT was chemically synthesized and was expressed in Escherichia coli. The authenticity of this in vitro expressed peptide was confirmed by N-terminal peptide sequencing. Two groups of bioassays, artificial diet incorporation assay and contact insecticidal effect assay, were carried out separately to verify the toxicity of this recombinant toxin. At the end of a 24 h experimental period, more than 60% of the testing diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) larvae were killed in both groups with LC50 value of 18.4 microM and 0.70 microM respectively. Cytotoxicity assay using cultured Sf9 insect cells and MCF-7 human cells demonstrated that the toxin AaIT had specific toxicity against insect cells but not human cells. Only 0.13 microM recombinant toxin was needed to kill 50% of cultured insect cells while as much as 1.3 microM toxin had absolutely no effect on human cells. Insect cells produced obvious intrusions from their plasma membrane before broken up. We infer that toxin AaIT bind to a putative sodium channel in these insect cells and open the channel persistently, which would result in Na+ influx and finally cause destruction of insect cells.

重组人Ⅱ型肿瘤坏死因子受体-抗体融合蛋白治疗中毒性表皮坏死松解症的疗效及安全性

目的探讨重组人Ⅱ型肿瘤坏死因子受体-抗体融合蛋白(rhTNFR:Fc)治疗中毒性表皮坏死松解症(TEN)患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法回顾性选取2020年1月至2022年1月海南医学院第一附属医院TEN患者20例,均给予rhTNFR:Fc治疗。治疗21 d后,记录TEN患者临床疗效,比较治疗前与治疗后不同时段(治疗后7、14、21 d)的药疹面积和严重程度指数(DASI)评分[DASI评分平均值,50%DASI(DASI50)、75%DASI(DASI75)、90%DASI(DASI90)所占比例]、血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平、体温下降时间、皮疹控制时间、住院时间及药物治疗的安全性。结果治疗21 d后,TEN患者中,显效18例(90.00%),有效2例(10.00%)。TEN患者治疗后7、14、21 d的DASI评分分别为(30.44±5.68)、(5.28±2.31)、(2.04±1.12)分,均明显低于治疗前[(52.34±7.45)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相较治疗前、治疗7 d、治疗14 d,治疗21 d后的DASI50(100.00%)、DASI75(100.00%)、DASI90(90.00%)的改善比率最高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TEN患者治疗后7、14、21 d的血清TNF-α水平分别为(22.73±5.58)、(15.99±4.60)、(4.44±1.10)pg/mL,均低于治疗前[(33.63±17.36)pg/mL],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TEN患者体温下降时间为(2.49±0.81)d,皮疹控制时间为(5.19±1.90)d,住院时间为(11.92±4.20)d。治疗期间患者未出现终止治疗或失访,均未出现急性不良反应,随访期间病情未见复发,定期复查结果显示并无合并症、活动性肝炎与结核疾病等。结论rhTNFR:Fc作为治疗TEN疾病的药物其疗效随治疗时间延长而提高,可降低血清TNF-α水平与DASI评分,且安全性较高。

Construction of novel tumor necrosis factor-alpha mutants with reduced toxicity and higher cytotoxicity on human tumor cells

Two tumor necrosis factor-a mutants MT1 (32Trp157Phe) and MT2 (2Lys30Ser- 32Trp157Phe) were constructed by site-directed mutagenesis. These mutants were soluble and over-expressed in E. coli. The purity of purified mutants was above 95% by serial chromatography. The results of Western blot indicated that these mutants could be cross-reactive with monoclonal antibody against native hTNF-a. Compared to parent hTNF-a, the cytotoxicity of these mutants on murine fibrosarcoma L929 cell lines reduced 4—5 orders of magnitude but was equivalent to that of native hTNF-a on human tumor cell lines. The LD50 of mutant MT1 was reduced to 0.34% of wild type and the dose of MT2 that resulted in 30% death of mice reduced to less than 1/700 that of parent hTNF-a.

病毒性脑膜炎患儿血清和脑脊液中IP-10和TNF-α的表达情况及临床意义

目的探讨肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、重组人干扰素诱导蛋白-10(IP-10)在病毒性脑膜炎患儿血清和脑脊液中的表达情况及临床意义。方法选取2019年7月至2020年12月在邢台市人民医院儿三科因急性中枢神经系统感染住院治疗的100例患儿作为研究对象。以脑膜炎感染类型分为病毒性脑膜炎组(52例)、化脓性脑膜炎组(34例)、结核性脑膜炎组(14例)。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测所有研究对象血清及脑脊液TNF-α、IP-10水平。采用Pearson相关分析病毒性脑膜炎患儿血清及脑脊液TNF-α水平与IP-10水平的相关性。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清及脑脊液TNF-α和IP-10对病毒性脑膜炎的诊断价值。结果结核性脑膜炎组血清及脑脊液TNF-α和IP-10水平均高于化脓性脑膜炎组与病毒性脑膜炎组,且化脓性脑膜炎组均高于病毒性脑膜炎组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病毒性脑膜炎患儿血清中IP-10水平与TNF-α水平呈明显正相关(r=0.313,P<0.05)。脑脊液中TNF-α水平与IP-10水平呈明显正相关(r=0.455,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清IP-10、TNF-α单独诊断病毒性脑膜炎的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.887、0.898,均小于2项指标联合诊断病毒性脑膜炎的0.958(Z=2.010、2.048,P<0.05);脑脊液IP-10、TNF-α单独诊断病毒性脑膜炎的AUC分别为0.926、0.908,均小于2项指标联合诊断病毒性脑膜炎的0.964(Z=2.208、2.260,P<0.05)。结论血清及脑脊液TNF-α和IP-10水平在病毒性脑膜炎患儿中明显降低,2项指标联合检测对病毒性脑膜炎的诊断具有重要临床价值。

重组人Ⅱ型肿瘤坏死因子受体—抗体融合蛋白治疗类风湿关节炎的临床效果

目的 观察重组人Ⅱ型肿瘤坏死因子受体—抗体融合蛋白治疗类风湿关节炎的临床效果及对血清相关指标的影响。方法 选取2020年3月—2022年7月龙岩市第二医院血液风湿科收治的类风湿关节炎患者98例,依据随机抽签法分为联合抗风湿组和常规抗风湿组,每组49例。常规抗风湿组采取常规抗风湿治疗,联合抗风湿组在常规抗风湿组基础上使用注射用重组人Ⅱ型肿瘤坏死因子受体—抗体融合蛋白治疗,2组均持续治疗6个月。比较2组患者临床疗效,治疗前后症状改善情况、血清类风湿炎性指标[C反应蛋白(CRP)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、类风湿因子(RF)、白介素-6(IL-6)],不良反应。结果 联合抗风湿组治疗总有效率为95.92%,高于常规抗风湿组81.63%(χ^(2)=5.018,P=0.025)。治疗6个月后,2组晨僵时间较治疗前缩短,压痛指数评分、疼痛指数评分较治疗前降低,且联合抗风湿组短/低于常规抗风湿组(P均<0.01);2组CRP、RF、IL-6水平较治疗前下降,ESR较治疗前缩小,且联合抗风湿组低/小于常规抗风湿组(P均<0.01)。联合抗风湿组不良反应总发生率为4.08%,低于常规抗风湿组的18.37%(χ^(2)=5.018,P=0.025)。结论 常规抗风湿治疗基础上采用重组人Ⅱ型肿瘤坏死因子受体—抗体融合蛋白治疗类风湿关节炎的疗效显著,利于临床症状、血清指标的改善,降低炎性因子水平及减少不良反应发生,促进病症好转。

TNF-α抑制剂注射用重组人Ⅱ型肿瘤坏死因子受体-抗体融合蛋白/注射用依那西普致葡萄膜炎2例分析

目的探讨TNF-α抑制剂与葡萄膜炎发病的关系并分析TNF-α抑制剂诱发性葡萄膜炎的临床特点。方法回顾性分析2021年7月至2023年2月某院收治的2例使用TNF-α抑制剂注射用重组人Ⅱ型肿瘤坏死因子受体-抗体融合蛋白注射用依那西普后出现葡萄膜炎患者的临床特征并复习相关文献。结果2例患者葡萄膜炎发生时间分别在用药后2周和6周,其中前葡萄膜炎1例,前、中间葡萄膜炎1例,经对症治疗后均有好转。在持续生物制剂治疗过程中2例患者均有反复发作倾向。查阅文献发现目前引起葡萄膜炎的TNF-α抑制剂主要包括英夫利昔单抗、阿达木单抗等,多用于治疗类风湿性关节炎、肿瘤、强直性脊柱炎、眼内葡萄膜炎患者等。患者年龄区间在5~77岁,发病时间为用药后1周~4年。经系统治疗,停止免疫抑制剂后,绝大多数诱发性葡萄膜炎患者视力可恢复。结论TNF-α抑制剂可以诱发葡萄膜炎的发生,发病类型以前葡萄膜炎为主,且有复发倾向。及时诊疗后患者的视力预后较好。

肿瘤坏死因子α上调脑血管内皮细胞RH蛋白C表达的机制

目的研究在肝性脑病中发挥强效作用的促炎因子肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)对人脑微血管内皮细胞(human brain microvascular endothelial cell,HBMEC)中RH蛋白C(rhesus glycoprotein of C,RHCG)表达的调控和潜在的作用机制。方法HBMEC复苏,传5代,以适宜浓度铺孔板在孵箱中培养,并通过与TNF-α(浓度为0.1μg/mL内皮细胞培养基ECM)的共培养,按照作用时间不同分组,运用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(reverse transcription PCR,RT-PCR)及Western Blot,检测HBMEC中RhCG mRNA及蛋白随着TNF-α作用时间延长表达量的变化,并统计变化趋势。根据以上结果选择表达量最高的时间点加PKC抑制剂Safingol处理,分组:(1)TNF-α处理0 h组;(2)TNF-α处理24 h组;(3)Safingol单独处理组;(4)TNF-α+Safingol抑制剂组:预先用Safingol处理HBMEC细胞1 h后,再予TNF-α刺激24 h。应用Western Blot方法检测HBMEC中RhCG蛋白的表达水平,并统计RhCG蛋白不同组别的变化趋势。结果RhCG蛋白随着TNF-α作用时间的延长表达增加,24 h表达量最高。RhCG mRNA随着TNF-α作用时间的延长表达增加,24 h表达量最高。加入处理因素PKC-α特异性抑制剂Safingol后,RhCG蛋白的表达随之下降,差异有统计学意义。结论肿瘤坏死因子TNF-α可以上调HBMEC细胞中RhCG mRNA及蛋白的表达。PKC-α参与TNF-α上调HBMEC中RhCG蛋白表达的调控。

lncRNA TP53TG1在牙髓中的表达和对牙髓干细胞转录炎症因子的影响

目的探究lncRNA TP53TG1在健康和炎症牙髓中的表达差异,以及对脂多糖(LPS)诱导后人牙髓干细胞(hDPSCs)炎症因子转录水平的影响。方法设计合成lncRNA探针,利用RNA荧光原位杂交技术检测健康和炎症牙髓组织中lncRNA TP53TG1的表达情况。通过酶解组织块法分离培养hDPSCs,对培养的hDPSCs进行多向分化诱导验证,并通过流式细胞术鉴定表型特征。将hDPSCs分为si-NC组、si-NC+LPS组、si-TP53TG1+LPS组,分别转染对照序列和TP53TG1的siRNA,再用LPS处理si-NC+LPS组和si-TP53TG1+LPS组24 h,通过qRT-PCR检测各组炎症因子IL-1β、IL-8以及TNF-α的mRNA表达水平。结果在健康牙髓组织中可观察到lncRNA TP53TG1的表达,主要分布在成牙本质细胞中。炎症状态下,lncRNA TP53TG1的表达量上升,全牙髓可见分布。LPS处理后,hDPSC的TNF-α、IL-1β以及IL-8的mRNA表达水平上升,下调lncRNA TP53TG1导致hDPSCs的TNF-αmRNA表达水平进一步升高。结论lncRNA TP53TG1可能参与调控牙髓炎症过程和成牙本质细胞的免疫调控作用。

脂多糖和肿瘤坏死因子α对人牙髓干细胞增殖和成骨分化的影响

目的探讨脂多糖(LPS)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)对人牙髓干细胞(hDPSCs)增殖和分化的影响。方法体外分离培养hDPSCs,分别用不同浓度LPS(0,0.1,1,10μg/mL)和TNF-α(0,1,10,100 ng/mL)培养细胞。培养24,48,72 h,应用细胞计数试剂盒-8(CCK-8)检测hDPSCs增殖活性变化;培养7,14,21 d应用茜素红(AR)染色试剂盒和5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚-磷酸盐(BCIP)/氯化硝基四氮唑蓝(NBT)碱性磷酸酯酶(ALP)显色试剂盒检测hDPSCs肉眼观AR染色变化、钙结节定量、ALP染色和ALP活性等成骨分化指标。结果①CCK-8实验显示1,10,100 ng/mL TNF-α作用于hDPSCs 24,48,72 h后细胞增殖活力降低(P<0.05)。AR成骨诱导染色结果显示培养7,14 d,TNF-α各浓度组肉眼观AR染色无明显差异;培养21 d,10 ng/mL和100 ng/mL TNF-α组矿化程度相比0 ng/mL组低(P<0.05)。ALP染色和ALP活性试剂盒分析显示诱导培养7,14,21 d后,相比0 ng/mL组,1 ng/mL,10 ng/mL和100 ng/mL TNF-α组ALP染色变浅,且ALP活性降低(P<0.05)。②CCK-8实验显示不同浓度LPS作用hDPSCs 24 h和48 h后细胞增殖活性没有明显差异,而1μg/mL和10μg/mL组LPS作用hDPSCs 72 h后OD_(450)值大于0μg/mL组(P<0.05)。ALP成骨诱导染色显示培养7,14,21 d,不同浓度LPS作用后ALP染色和ALP活性变化不明显。AR成骨诱导染色显示培养7 d,LPS各浓度组的矿化程度不明显;10μg/mL LPS培养14,21 d矿化程度较0μg/mL低(P<0.05)。结论LPS对hDPSCs成骨分化的影响取决于LPS浓度和作用时间,高浓度LPS促进hDPSCs增殖。TNF-α抑制hDPSCs的增殖和成骨分化。

老鹳草素对炎性微环境中人牙周膜干细胞成骨分化的影响

目的探究老鹳草素(geraniin,GER)对炎性微环境中人牙周膜干细胞(hPDLSCs)成骨分化及核因子-κB(NF-κB)的影响。方法将从人牙周膜组织中分离鉴定的hPDLSCs分为对照组、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)组、0.1μmol/L老鹳草素组(0.1GER组)、1μmol/L老鹳草素组(1GER组)、10μmol/L老鹳草素组(10GER组)和100μmol/L老鹳草素组(100GER组)。对照组hPDLSCs用成骨诱导培养液培养,TNF-α组hPDLSCs用含有10 ng/mL TNF-α的成骨诱导培养液培养,0.1GER组、1GER组、10GER组和100GER组hPDLSCs分别用含有10 ng/mL TNF-α以及0.1,1,10,100μmol/L的老鹳草素的成骨诱导培养液培养。培养21 d,采用可见光比色法检测各组细胞中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性。采用茜素红染色观察钙化结节形成。通过qRT-PCR检测Runt相关转录因子2(RUNX2)、骨桥蛋白(OPN)、骨钙素(OCN)、osterix(OSX)、牙本质涎磷蛋白(DSPP)mRNA相对表达量。通过Western blot检测NF-κB p65磷酸化水平。结果与对照组比较,TNF-α组细胞的相对ALP活性和钙化结节程度均降低(P<0.05),RUNX2、OPN、OCN、OSX和DSPP的mRNA相对表达量均降低(P<0.05),NF-κB p65相对磷酸化水平升高(P<0.05)。与TNF-α组比较,1GER组、10GER组、100GER组细胞的相对ALP活性和钙化结节程度均升高(P<0.05),RUNX2、OPN、OCN、OSX和DSPP对的mRNA相对表达量均升高(P<0.05),NF-κB p65相对磷酸化水平降低(P<0.05)。结论老鹳草素可提高炎性微环境中hPDLSCs的成骨分化能力,其机制可能与抑制NF-κB的激活有关。