Problem identification and revitalization strategies for the recovery and reconstruction of traditional villages in the Ms 6.8 Luding Earthquake

Post-disaster reconstruction is a topic of global concern,and traditional villages have special heritage attributes and need to face more requirements and obstacles in post-disaster reconstruction.This paper summarizes four concepts based on the research on post-disaster reconstruction both domestically and internationally,as well as the recovery and reconstruction of cultural heritage.Through a field survey of traditional villages in the Ms 6.8 Luding earthquake-stricken area,it is found that there are problems such as insufficient awareness of heritage value,misalignment of scientific reconstruction technology,and insufficient protection of reconstruction elements during the reconstruction process.Traditional villages face the risk of declining or even loss of heritage value.In order to effectively protect traditional villages and inherit the carrier of regional culture,four targeted reconstruction response strategies are proposed,i.e.,to"establish special planning for traditional village preservation","emphasize recovery of the authenticity of village heritage","ensure elements for village heritage recovery"and"promote the activation and utilization of village heritage",based on the problems discovered during the survey and the four concepts summarized in the research on post-disaster reconstruction of traditional villages.The research results hope to provide useful reference for ancient cultural areas affected by earthquakes on how to protect cultural heritage during the post-disaster reconstruction process.

Developing an enhanced recovery after surgery program for oncology patients who undergo hip or knee reconstruction surgery

Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)protocols are applied in orthopedic surgery and are intended to reduce perioperative stress by implementing combined evidence-based practices with the cooperation of various health professionals as an interdisciplinary team.ERAS pathways include pre-operative patient counselling,regional anesthesia and analgesia techniques,post-operative pain management,early mobilization and early feeding.Studies have shown improvement in the recovery of patients who followed an ERAS program after hip or knee arthroplasty,compared with those who followed a traditional care approach.ERAS protocols reduce post-operative stress,contribute to rapid recovery,shorten length of stay(LOS)without increasing the complications or readmissions,improve patient satisfaction and decrease the hospital costs.We suggest that the ERAS pathway could reduce the LOS in hospital for patients undergoing total hip replacement or total knee replacement.These programs require good organization and handling by the multidisciplinary team.ERAS programs increase patient's satisfaction due to their active participation which they experience as personalized treatment.The aim of the study was to develop an ERAS protocol for oncology patients who undergo bone reconstruction surgeries using massive endoprosthesis,with a view to improving the surgical outcomes.

Reconstruction and recovery of anatase TiO_(2) from spent selective catalytic reduction catalyst by Na OH hydrothermal method

The improper disposal of spent selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts causes environmental pollution and metal resource waste.A novel process to recover anatase titanium dioxide (TiO_(2)) from spent SCR catalysts was proposed.The process included alkali (NaOH) hydrothermal treatment,sulfuric acid washing,and calcination.Anatase TiO_(2) in spent SCR catalyst was reconstructed by forming Na_(2)Ti_(2)O_(4)(OH)_(2) nanosheet during NaOH hydrothermal treatment and H_(2)Ti_(2)O_(4)(OH)_(2) during sulfuric acid washing.Anatase TiO_(2) was recovered by decomposing H_(2)Ti_(2)O_(4)(OH)_(2) during calcination.The surface pore properties of the recovered anatase TiO_(2) were adequately improved,and its specific surface area (SSA) and pore volume (PV) were 85 m^(2)·g^(-1)and 0.40 cm^(3)·g^(-1),respectively.The elements affecting catalytic abilities(arsenic and sodium) were also removed.The SCR catalyst was resynthesized using the recovered TiO_(2) as raw material,and its catalytic performance in NO selective reduction was comparable with that of commercial SCR catalyst.This study realized the sustainable recycling of anatase TiO_(2) from spent SCR catalyst.

GIS as an Information Infrastructure for Recovery and Reconstruction after the Great East Japan Earthquake

This study considers the regional characteristics of the Tohoku region and the extent of the damage caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake and makes proposals for recovery and reconstruction of the areas affected by this disaster as well as for a reduction of the impact of natural disasters that may occur in the future with GIS （geographic information systems） as a social infrastructure positioned at the heart of the information infrastructure. Due to the fact that social media that used ICT （information and communication technology） was useful in the days directly after the disaster, it can be said that it is necessary to investigate the provision of an information infrastructure that uses ICT to reduce the impact of disasters. Therefore, this study proposes the construction of a geographical information database using GIS and the provision and sharing of information using social media GIS after discussion of the relationship between the development of the computerization of Japan and GIS as a valid example of using information systems for recovery and reconstruction after the Great East Japan Earthquake.

ADAPTIVE RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE FOR THE LOST INFORMATION OF THE RECTANGULAR IMAGE AREA

The adaptive reconstruction for the lost information of the rectangular image area is very important for the robust transmission and restoration of the image. In this paper, a new reconstruction method based on the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) domain has been put forward. According to the low pass character of the human visual system and the energy distribution of the DCT coefficients on the rectangular boundary, the DCT coefficients of the rectangular image area are adaptively selected and recovered. After the Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform (IDCT), the lost information of the rectangular image area can be reconstructed. The experiments have demonstrated that the subjective and objective qualities of the reconstructed images are enhanced greatly than before.

Signal recovery method based on co-prime array

A signal waveform recovery method based on the co-prime array is investigated to extract the waveform of the desired signal from spatial interferences in narrowband scenarios. The direction of arrivals (DOAs) of the desired signal and interference signals are estimated with the compressive sensing approach based on angle grids, and the signal power together with the noise power are estimated. Thereafter, a modified steepest descent (SD) method is derived to recover the waveform of the desired signal and interferences utilizing the estimated power and directions. The recovered waveform of the desired signal is the output of the proposed method. The situation in which the signals are not on the predefined angle grids is also considered. The DOAs estimated via the predefined angle grids are corrected based on the maximum likelihood (ML) angle estimation. Compared to the existing beamforming methods on co-prime array, the proposed method can obtain the waveform of the desired signal. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve good performance in signal waveform recovery and output signal to noise ratio. © 2017 Beijing Institute of Aerospace Information.

动态场景的三维重建研究综述

随着静态场景三维重建算法的不断成熟,动态场景三维重建算法成为近年来的研究热点和研究难点。现有的静态场景三维重建算法对静止的对象有较好的重建效果,一旦场景中对象出现变形或者是相对运动,其重建效果不太理想,因此发展对动态场景的三维重建研究工作是相当重要的。简要介绍三维重建的相关概念及基本知识、静态场景三维重建和动态场景三维重建的研究分类及研究现状;全面总结了动态场景三维重建研究最新进展,将动态场景三维重建按照基于RGB数据源的动态三维重建和基于RGB-D数据源的动态三维重建进行分类,其中RGB数据源下又可划分为基于模板的动态三维重建、基于非刚性运动恢复结构的动态三维重建和RGB数据源下基于学习的动态三维重建,RGB-D数据源下主要总结归纳基于学习的动态三维重建,对各类典型重建算法进行了介绍和对比分析;介绍了动态场景三维重建在医学、智能制造、虚拟现实与增强现实、交通等领域的应用;提出了动态场景三维重建的未来研究方向,并对这个快速发展领域中的各个方向研究进行了展望。

知识图谱特征重构下无线传感网络数据存储恢复

为了提升无线传感网络数据存储恢复成功率,保障无线传感网络数据存储安全性,提出知识图谱特征重构下无线传感网络数据存储恢复方法。通过基于知识图谱的特征重构方法优化数据存储结构;利用BP神经网络和LEACH算法,对特征重构后的数据进行融合。最后,结合多级网络编码和纠删码的原理,构建多级编码矩阵对融合数据进行多级编码,并生成多份数据副本进行存储,实现无线传感网络数据存储恢复。实验结果表明,该方法能够提升数据存储恢复成功率至90%以上,通信代价低于1.5×10^(5) Mbit/s,存储恢复时间低于0.7 ms,可以在提升恢复成功率的同时,降低存储通信代价和存储恢复时间。

考虑通信-物理耦合的有源配网故障后协调恢复策略

针对极端灾害可能使智能配电网信息物理系统中通信网络和物理网络同时发生故障,而现有故障恢复策略处理此类问题时效率低,得不到最优方案。文章提出一种考虑通信-物理耦合关系的有源配电网灾后故障恢复策略,首先利用图论的知识对通信网络和物理网络之间耦合关系进行建模,在此基础上,考虑孤岛划分、网络重构以及动态协调通信-物理系统的检修策略建立了有源配电网通信网络和物理网络协调恢复模型,求解此故障恢复策略得到最优的考虑通信-物理耦合关系的有源配电网灾后协调恢复方案。最后,以通信网与改进的IEEE33节点系统为例,对所提多种优化方案的结果进行分析,验证了该文所提策略的优越性。

一种高速A/D转换器时域重构技术研究

A/D转换器在航空航天系统中的重要元器件,随着器件转换时钟频率不断提高而其工作环境不断恶化,如何准确测试其时间参数对于全面评价A/D转换器性能特别重要。目前对于高速A/D转换器时间参数测试,主流方法是通过示波器直接测试其输出,该方法对于示波器采样速度要求比较高。文章提出一种高速A/D转换器时域重构技术,可以通过计算机数字信号处理方法来实现高速A/D转换器时间参数测试,同时避免对示波器采样速度的依赖。同时,在研究高速A/D转换器时域重构技术方法及其应用的基础上,通过了相关试验验证。

基于实数化的均匀圆阵矩阵重构方法

为了减小低快拍数和低信噪比下采样协方差矩阵误差,并降低其运算复杂度,提出了一种基于实数化的均匀圆阵采样协方差矩阵重构方法。针对均匀圆阵的特点,通过组建特殊的基向量,构成特殊的重构矩阵。通过将采样协方差矩阵实数化,进一步降低了重构矩阵的复杂度。考虑到多通道不一致性对重构矩阵的影响,引入0位校正算法,提高了重构方法的稳健性。最后应用重构后的协方差矩阵进行子空间类波达方向估计(direction of arrival,DOA)。实验仿真证明,该特殊重构矩阵在实数化下与原矩阵重构能力相同;当快拍数为100、信噪比为0 dB时,双信源分辨力较重构前由74%提高到95%以上;理论重构运算复杂度降低到原来的53.99%。

考虑闭式潮流优化分布的主动配电网供电恢复方法

主动配电网具有灵活的调节能力和快速可靠的运行能力,但柔性多状态开关(SOP)、分布式电源等多种设备的存在,使供电恢复模型复杂,需要研究故障后供电恢复快速决策方法。提出了一种考虑闭式潮流优化分布的主动配电网负荷恢复方案快速决策方法。模拟故障切除后配电网所有联络开关闭式运行状态,基于二阶锥规划求解最优潮流,退出电压低、传输功率小的线路,形成利于供电恢复的配电网含SOP良性网络拓扑。建立基于负荷的功率因数与分级负荷权重的负荷恢复模型,制定负荷供电恢复方案,保证失电负荷严格按优先级获得最大的恢复水平。通过IEEE33、IEEE69节点配电系统进行算例分析,结果表明所提方法能兼顾计算的准确性和快速性。

视觉引导无人机降落系统鲁棒性优化研究

为解决在复杂环境中无人机在移动平台上自主降落的定位精度问题,设计了一种鲁棒视觉引导靶标恢复的无人机着陆系统(RVGTRDLS)。RVGTRDLS采用四角ArUco技术纠正倾斜的画面,并结合YOLO技术进行降落靶标位置重构。通过卡尔曼滤波技术与降落靶标的定位信息融合,即使在靶标完全丢失的情况下,也能实现对靶标位置的准确再定位。经过多场飞行试验验证,当无人机在降落过程中遭遇靶标信息缺失、靶标框架倾斜、靶标部分或完全丢失的困境时,RVGTRDLS能够通过靶标重构与靶标再定位技术来成功降落。无论是在静态还是动态的着陆场景中,该系统均展现出优异的性能。

考虑网络重构和应急资源的灾后配电网信息物理系统协调恢复方法

近年来,极端天气灾害频发给配电网信息物理系统造成了严重影响,因此,灾后配电网和信息网的协调恢复至关重要。为减小灾后系统的损失,提出了一种以系统损失成本最小为目标的配电网信息物理系统灾后多源协调恢复方法。基于配电网和信息网的耦合建立系统灾后协调恢复模型,综合考虑分布式发电机组、储能设备、网络重构、移动应急资源等措施来加快负荷的恢复;在此基础上考虑新能源出力的不确定性,提出基于信息间隙决策理论的配电网信息物理系统灾后多源协调恢复方法;采用IEEE 33节点配电网和21节点信息网仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。

基于RGB-D相机的小型汽车外廓尺寸测量方法

为了快速且精确地获取小型汽车的外廓尺寸参数,提高机动车检验机构的检测效率和降低成本投入,提出了一种基于RGB-D相机的小型汽车外廓尺寸高精度测量方法。采用REALSENSE D455和树莓派开发板搭建了实地测量硬件系统,利用目标检测与实例分割网络模型YOLOv8提取出小型汽车对应的实例目标。针对RGB-D相机捕获车辆图像及生成点云存在的问题,分别进行深度图像修复和点云滤波处理,融合点云后自动提取外廓尺寸参数。在实验中,对4种不同型号的小型汽车进行室外实地测试,实验结果表明,该方法对小型汽车外廓尺寸的测量误差小于±1%,满足国标的要求。

“7·31”特大暴雨引发的门头沟区地质灾害调研及紧急应对策略研究

2023年7月29日20时至8月2日7时,北京市平均降雨量达到331毫米,门头沟区平均538.1毫米。暴雨导致门头沟地区地质灾害频发、破坏严重,造成巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失。8月中旬,对受灾严重的门头沟区进行深入调研,对洪水、滑坡、崩塌、泥石流、地面塌陷、建筑物倒塌等典型灾害从岩土体性质、灾害规模以及沿途分布特征等方面分析,科学评估其对交通路线、居民房屋的危害,并针对性提出应急处置建议和恢复重建建议,以期对今后北京市遭遇极端暴雨天气出现的地质灾害问题提供对策和技术支撑。在此基础之上,对现有的应急预案进行分析并提出改进建议,从事前、事中、事后三阶段深层次的分析政府、社区、乡镇、各部门、企事业单位、人民群众等不同主体在应对此次极端暴雨天气的暴露出的弊端和值得借鉴之处,为今后应对此类灾害提供参考。

输配电网同时故障下基于多时段安德森加速的协同恢复策略

极端灾害会对输配电网造成不同程度的破坏,影响电力系统正常运行。在故障发生后,合理的恢复策略有利于快速恢复供电,减少停电损失。针对极端灾害造成输配电网同时多重故障的场景,提出一种可以统筹输配电网资源的基于多时段安德森加速的输配协同灾后恢复策略。以恢复过程中最小运行成本为目标函数,计及输电网的机组运行状态、故障修复顺序,并同时考虑配电网的灵活资源响应、故障修复顺序以及网架重构和孤岛划分策略,采用全并行目标级联分析法对模型进行求解。为了解决由网架拓扑变化带来的目标级联分析法内循环收敛性差的问题,将扩展到多时段的安德森加速法应用于求解过程。T30D2和T57D8算例表明,所提方法不仅可以有效降低灾后恢复过程中的失电损失,还可以显著提高计算速度,并且对于接入多个主动配电网的大规模网架有良好的适应性。

傅里叶单像素成像技术研究进展(特邀)

计算光学成像,通过光学系统和信号处理的有机结合与联合优化实现特定成像特性的成像系统,摆脱了传统成像系统的限制,为光学成像技术添加了浓墨重彩的一笔,并逐步向简单化与智能化的方向发展。单像素成像(Single-Pixel Imaging,SPI)作为计算成像的重要分支,受到诸多学者的广泛关注。SPI利用空间光调制器调制出一系列具有不同空间结构的照明光场并投射到待成像目标场景,再用单像素探测器记录光场强度信息;而后利用预置的照明光场与记录的信号强度值之间的关联信息,实现对探测目标计算成像。由于其不需要面阵列探测器、调焦系统等复杂器件的配合使用,大大降低了光学成像的门槛。傅里叶单像素成像(Fourier Single-Pixel Imaging,FSPI)作为SPI典型的成像方法之一,由于其高效的成像表现,自被提出之后已经被应用到三维成像、边缘检测、散射成像等众多领域,衍生出了一系列的成像技术。文中从SPI的角度出发,主要介绍了FSPI的实现原理及相关成像技术方法研究进展,主要包括FSPI的光场调制技术、路径优化技术、重构方法及相应的应用场景研究进展,同时也对该领域亟待解决的问题进行了总结分析,并对未来的研究方向及相关应用进行了展望。

基于快速康复外科理论的多维度康复护理对乳腺癌乳房再造术患者术后的恢复效果影响

目的分析基于快速康复外科理论的多维度康复护理对乳腺癌乳房再造术患者术后的恢复效果的影响。方法选取我院2022年4月至2023年4月收治的80例乳腺癌乳房再造术患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组,每组40例,对照组采用常规康复护理干预,试验组采用基于快速康复外科理论的多维度康复护理,对比两组乳腺癌乳房再造术患者恢复效果心理危机水平和家庭功能、自我效能评分以及睡眠质量水平改善情况、并发症发生率。结果试验组外形、外观、手感等恢复效果评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组乳腺癌乳房再造术患者护理前情感、行为、认知等心理危机水平和家庭功能、自我效能评分以及睡眠质量相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后两组情感、行为、认知等心理危机水平和家庭功能、自我效能评分以及睡眠质量均比护理前改善(P<0.05),且试验组乳腺癌乳房再造术患者情感、行为、认知等心理危机水平和家庭功能、自我效能评分以及睡眠质量改善程度比对照组更优(P<0.05)。试验组乳头挛缩、愈合不良、局部疼痛、皮下血肿等并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于快速康复外科理论的多维度康复护理对乳腺癌乳房再造术患者术后的恢复效果提升具有积极的影响,有利于改善患者的不良心理,提高患者自我效能、家庭功能以及睡眠质量。

Disaster Recovery and Reconstruction Following the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: A Business Process Management Perspective

The Tohoku Regional Bureau(TRB) of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism(MLIT) performed various actions in response to the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. The total disaster recovery and reconstruction period is expected to last for 10 years, of which the first five years are regarded as the concentrated reconstruction period. As of 2013, a majority of the mega projects that involved restoration actions have been completed, which indicates a more effective rate of completion compared with the MLIT projects performed in normal non-disaster situations. This short article explains the management process of the recovery and reconstruction utilized by the TRB—an interorganizational process—from a business process management(BPM) perspective and creates a simple organization construction diagram of the entire process. The study focused on the transactions and actor roles to identify their strengths. The findings indicate the utilization of different operational procedures in some parts of the process, the importance of liaison role, as well as some obstacles. The lessons learned from this analysis can assist managers and researchers in designing and managing restoration processes for future disasters.