Quasi-ellipsoidal gear drive is suitable for the precise flexible joint of robot,but some meshing problems of this transmission are rarely involved in the related papers.According to the two-parameter conjugate surfac...Quasi-ellipsoidal gear drive is suitable for the precise flexible joint of robot,but some meshing problems of this transmission are rarely involved in the related papers.According to the two-parameter conjugate surface theory, this article studies on the induction normal curvature and critical curves, the method of analysis is efficient for not only the quasi-ellipsoidal gear drive but also the other types of spatial gear drive.展开更多
Fastening failures have frequently been found on China high-speed railway curved tracks in recent years.Thus the influence of fastening failures on high-speed train-track interaction in curved track needs to be analyz...Fastening failures have frequently been found on China high-speed railway curved tracks in recent years.Thus the influence of fastening failures on high-speed train-track interaction in curved track needs to be analyzed.A train-curved slab track interaction model is built,in which the real shape of the curved rail is considered and modeled with reduced beam model(RBM)and curved beam theory,and the slabs are modeled with four-nodes Kirchhoff-Love plate elements.The present model is validated at first with different traditional models.Then the influence of fastening failure in curved slab track on train-track interaction dynamics is studied.A different number of failed fastenings is assumed to occur at the curved track,and different types of fastening failure including the fatigue fracture of the clip structure and failure of the rail pad are considered.Based on the calculation results,the fatigue fracture of the clip structure has little influence on train-track interaction dynamics.But when rail pad failure happens and its equivalent vertical stiffness and damping are less than one-tenth of its original,the fastening failure seriously affects the high-speed train operation safety,and it must be prevented.展开更多
针对目前小麦高产栽培中大量投入氮肥引起的土壤板结、肥效降低等突出问题,2013—2014和2014—2015年度大田条件下设置自然降水(W1)、适墒(W2,70%±5%)、足墒(W3,80%±5%)3个水分处理和3个氮肥水平处理,即不施氮肥(N1)、减氮(N2...针对目前小麦高产栽培中大量投入氮肥引起的土壤板结、肥效降低等突出问题,2013—2014和2014—2015年度大田条件下设置自然降水(W1)、适墒(W2,70%±5%)、足墒(W3,80%±5%)3个水分处理和3个氮肥水平处理,即不施氮肥(N1)、减氮(N2,195 kg hm^(–2))和高氮(N3,270 kg hm^(–2)),研究了不同水肥条件对冬小麦旗叶功能期内光响应曲线特征参数、水分利用效率和籽粒产量及其构成因素的影响。在W1和W2条件下,N2处理不同时期旗叶净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)和蒸腾速率(T_r)的光响应曲线逐渐上升的幅度均高于N1和N3处理,胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)光响应曲线下降的幅度也大于N1和N3处理;在W3条件下,N2、N3光响应曲线的变化趋势相近。N2W2处理的旗叶光合参数在开花期最具优势,最大净光合速率为33.20μmol CO_2 m^(–2) s^(–1),光饱和点达1507.4μmol m^(-2) s^(-1),分别比其他处理平均提高21.4%和9.5%,而光补偿点最低,表现出较高的光合潜能。连续两年产量结果显示,N2W2处理穗粒数和千粒重在9个处理中最高,差异显著(P<0.01);籽粒产量在9500 kg hm^(–2)以上,水分利用效率比W2和W3条件下的其他处理平均提高18.8%。上述结果表明,在适墒条件下施氮量从270 kg hm^(–2)减少至195 kg hm^(–2),能充分发挥旗叶功能期的光合潜力,增加穗粒数和千粒重,提高籽粒产量。展开更多
文摘Quasi-ellipsoidal gear drive is suitable for the precise flexible joint of robot,but some meshing problems of this transmission are rarely involved in the related papers.According to the two-parameter conjugate surface theory, this article studies on the induction normal curvature and critical curves, the method of analysis is efficient for not only the quasi-ellipsoidal gear drive but also the other types of spatial gear drive.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12072293)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Traction Power for Southwest Jiaotong University(Grant No.2021TPL-T10)+2 种基金China Scholarship Council(Grant No.202007000115)the Key Scientific Research Fund Project of Sichuan Education Department(Grant No.18ZA0454)the Key Research Program of Xihua University(Grant No.Z1020212).
文摘Fastening failures have frequently been found on China high-speed railway curved tracks in recent years.Thus the influence of fastening failures on high-speed train-track interaction in curved track needs to be analyzed.A train-curved slab track interaction model is built,in which the real shape of the curved rail is considered and modeled with reduced beam model(RBM)and curved beam theory,and the slabs are modeled with four-nodes Kirchhoff-Love plate elements.The present model is validated at first with different traditional models.Then the influence of fastening failure in curved slab track on train-track interaction dynamics is studied.A different number of failed fastenings is assumed to occur at the curved track,and different types of fastening failure including the fatigue fracture of the clip structure and failure of the rail pad are considered.Based on the calculation results,the fatigue fracture of the clip structure has little influence on train-track interaction dynamics.But when rail pad failure happens and its equivalent vertical stiffness and damping are less than one-tenth of its original,the fastening failure seriously affects the high-speed train operation safety,and it must be prevented.
文摘针对目前小麦高产栽培中大量投入氮肥引起的土壤板结、肥效降低等突出问题,2013—2014和2014—2015年度大田条件下设置自然降水(W1)、适墒(W2,70%±5%)、足墒(W3,80%±5%)3个水分处理和3个氮肥水平处理,即不施氮肥(N1)、减氮(N2,195 kg hm^(–2))和高氮(N3,270 kg hm^(–2)),研究了不同水肥条件对冬小麦旗叶功能期内光响应曲线特征参数、水分利用效率和籽粒产量及其构成因素的影响。在W1和W2条件下,N2处理不同时期旗叶净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)和蒸腾速率(T_r)的光响应曲线逐渐上升的幅度均高于N1和N3处理,胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)光响应曲线下降的幅度也大于N1和N3处理;在W3条件下,N2、N3光响应曲线的变化趋势相近。N2W2处理的旗叶光合参数在开花期最具优势,最大净光合速率为33.20μmol CO_2 m^(–2) s^(–1),光饱和点达1507.4μmol m^(-2) s^(-1),分别比其他处理平均提高21.4%和9.5%,而光补偿点最低,表现出较高的光合潜能。连续两年产量结果显示,N2W2处理穗粒数和千粒重在9个处理中最高,差异显著(P<0.01);籽粒产量在9500 kg hm^(–2)以上,水分利用效率比W2和W3条件下的其他处理平均提高18.8%。上述结果表明,在适墒条件下施氮量从270 kg hm^(–2)减少至195 kg hm^(–2),能充分发挥旗叶功能期的光合潜力,增加穗粒数和千粒重,提高籽粒产量。
