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Application of Gaussian Beam Summation Migration in Reflected In-seam Wave Imaging
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作者 HAN Jianguang LÜQingtian +2 位作者 ZHANG Zhiheng YANG Shun WANG Shuo 《Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期276-284,共9页
The geological conditions for coal mining in China are complex,with various structural issues such as faults and collapsed columns seriously compromising the safety of coal mine production.In-seam wave exploration is ... The geological conditions for coal mining in China are complex,with various structural issues such as faults and collapsed columns seriously compromising the safety of coal mine production.In-seam wave exploration is an effective technique for acquiring detailed information on geological structures in coal seam working faces.However,the existing reflected in-seam wave imaging technique can no longer meet the exploration precision requirements,making it imperative to develop a new reflected in-seam wave imaging technique.This study applies the Gaussian beam summation(GBS)migration method to imaging coal seams'reflected in-seam wave data.Firstly,with regard to the characteristics of the reflected in-seam wave data,methods such as wavefield removal and enveloped superposition are employed for the corresponding wavefield separation,wave train compression and other processing of reflected in-seam waves.Thereafter,imaging is performed using the GBS migration technique.The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method for reflected in-seam wave imaging are validated by conducting GBS migration tests on 3D coal-seam fault models with different dip angles and throws.By applying the method to reflected in-seam wave data for an actual coal seam working face,accurate imaging of a fault structure is obtained,thereby validating its practicality. 展开更多
关键词 reflected in-seam wave Gaussian beam summation migration numerical tests fault
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Impact of surface-reflected seismic waves on the seismic isolation performance of circular tunnel isolation layers
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作者 LU Jiahui LUO Junjie +3 位作者 HUANG Xiangyun HONG Junliang HE YanXin ZHOU Fulin 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期901-917,共17页
Seismic isolation is an effective strategy to mitigate the risk of seismic damage in tunnels.However,the impact of surface-reflected seismic waves on the effectiveness of tunnel isolation layers remains under explored... Seismic isolation is an effective strategy to mitigate the risk of seismic damage in tunnels.However,the impact of surface-reflected seismic waves on the effectiveness of tunnel isolation layers remains under explored.In this study,we employ the wave function expansion method to provide analytical solutions for the dynamic responses of linings in an elastic half-space and an infinite elastic space.By comparing the results of the two models,we investigate the seismic isolation effect of tunnel isolation layers induced by reflected seismic waves.Our findings reveal significant differences in the dynamic responses of the lining in the elastic half-space and the infinitely elastic space.Specifically,the dynamic stress concentration factor(DSCF)of the lining in the elastic half-space exhibits periodic fluctuations,influenced by the incident wave frequency and tunnel depth,while the DSCF in the infinitely elastic space remain stable.Overall,the seismic isolation application of the tunnel isolation layer is found to be less affected by surface-reflected seismic waves.Our results provide valuable insights for the design and assessment of the seismic isolation effect of tunnel isolation layers. 展开更多
关键词 Circular tunnel seismic isolation Surface reflection Response of liners Wave-function expansion method
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NADARAYA-WATSON ESTIMATORS FOR REFLECTED STOCHASTIC PROCESSES
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作者 韩月才 张丁文 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第1期143-160,共18页
We study the Nadaraya-Watson estimators for the drift function of two-sided reflected stochastic differential equations.The estimates,based on either the continuously observed process or the discretely observed proces... We study the Nadaraya-Watson estimators for the drift function of two-sided reflected stochastic differential equations.The estimates,based on either the continuously observed process or the discretely observed process,are considered.Under certain conditions,we prove the strong consistency and the asymptotic normality of the two estimators.Our method is also suitable for one-sided reflected stochastic differential equations.Simulation results demonstrate that the performance of our estimator is superior to that of the estimator proposed by Cholaquidis et al.(Stat Sin,2021,31:29-51).Several real data sets of the currency exchange rate are used to illustrate our proposed methodology. 展开更多
关键词 reflected stochastic differential equation discretely observed process continuously observed process Nadaraya-Watson estimator asymptotic behavior
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Cooperative User-Scheduling and Resource Allocation Optimization for Intelligent Reflecting Surface Enhanced LEO Satellite Communication 被引量:1
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作者 Meng Meng Bo Hu +1 位作者 Shanzhi Chen Jianyin Zhang 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第2期227-244,共18页
Lower Earth Orbit(LEO) satellite becomes an important part of complementing terrestrial communication due to its lower orbital altitude and smaller propagation delay than Geostationary satellite. However, the LEO sate... Lower Earth Orbit(LEO) satellite becomes an important part of complementing terrestrial communication due to its lower orbital altitude and smaller propagation delay than Geostationary satellite. However, the LEO satellite communication system cannot meet the requirements of users when the satellite-terrestrial link is blocked by obstacles. To solve this problem, we introduce Intelligent reflect surface(IRS) for improving the achievable rate of terrestrial users in LEO satellite communication. We investigated joint IRS scheduling, user scheduling, power and bandwidth allocation(JIRPB) optimization algorithm for improving LEO satellite system throughput.The optimization problem of joint user scheduling and resource allocation is formulated as a non-convex optimization problem. To cope with this problem, the nonconvex optimization problem is divided into resource allocation optimization sub-problem and scheduling optimization sub-problem firstly. Second, we optimize the resource allocation sub-problem via alternating direction multiplier method(ADMM) and scheduling sub-problem via Lagrangian dual method repeatedly.Third, we prove that the proposed resource allocation algorithm based ADMM approaches sublinear convergence theoretically. Finally, we demonstrate that the proposed JIRPB optimization algorithm improves the LEO satellite communication system throughput. 展开更多
关键词 convex optimization intelligent reflecting surface LEO satellite communication OFDM
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A crosstalk-free dual-mode sweat sensing system for naked-eye sweat loss quantification via changes in structural reflectance 被引量:1
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作者 Bowen Zhong Hao Xu +3 位作者 Xiaokun Qin Lingchen Liu Hailong Wang Lili Wang 《Bio-Design and Manufacturing》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期428-438,共11页
Sweat loss monitoring is important for understanding the body’s thermoregulation and hydration status,as well as for comprehensive sweat analysis.Despite recent advances,developing a low-cost,scalable,and universal m... Sweat loss monitoring is important for understanding the body’s thermoregulation and hydration status,as well as for comprehensive sweat analysis.Despite recent advances,developing a low-cost,scalable,and universal method for the fabrication of colorimetric microfluidics designed for sweat loss monitoring remains challenging.In this study,we propose a novel laserengraved surface roughening strategy for various flexible substrates.This process permits the construction of microchannels that show distinct structural reflectance changes before and after sweat filling.By leveraging these unique optical properties,we have developed a fully laser-engraved microfluidic device for the quantification of naked-eye sweat loss.This sweat loss sensor is capable of a volume resolution of 0.5µL and a total volume capacity of 11µL,and can be customized to meet different performance requirements.Moreover,we report the development of a crosstalk-free dual-mode sweat microfluidic system that integrates an Ag/AgCl chloride sensor and a matching wireless measurement flexible printed circuit board.This integrated system enables the real-time monitoring of colorimetric sweat loss signals and potential ion concentration signals without crosstalk.Finally,we demonstrate the potential practical use of this microfluidic sweat loss sensor and its integrated system for sports medicine via on-body studies. 展开更多
关键词 Sweat loss sensor Microfluidic design Structural reflectance Dual-mode integration Crosstalk-free
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Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Aided Secure and Covert Communications
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作者 Zhou Xiaobo Jiang Yong +2 位作者 Xia Tingting Xia Guiyang Shen Tong 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第9期1-10,共10页
This work employs intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)to enhance secure and covert communication performance.We formulate an optimization problem to jointly design both the reflection beamformer at IRS and transmit pow... This work employs intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)to enhance secure and covert communication performance.We formulate an optimization problem to jointly design both the reflection beamformer at IRS and transmit power at transmitter Alice in order to optimize the achievable secrecy rate at Bob subject to a covertness constraint.We first develop a Dinkelbach-based algorithm to achieve an upper bound performance and a high-quality solution.For reducing the overhead and computational complexity of the Dinkelbach-based scheme,we further conceive a low-complexity algorithm in which analytical expression for the IRS reflection beamforming is derived at each iteration.Examination result shows that the devised low-complexity algorithm is able to achieve similar secrecy rate performance as the Dinkelbach-based algorithm.Our examination also shows that introducing an IRS into the considered system can significantly improve the secure and covert communication performance relative to the scheme without IRS. 展开更多
关键词 covert communications intelligent reflecting surface physical layer security reflection beamforming
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Relationship between radar reflectivity thresholds and very low frequency/low frequency total lightning for thunderstorm identification
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作者 Yijun Huang Jianguo Wang +3 位作者 Li Cai Yadong Fan Hongbin Wang Tao Zhang 《High Voltage》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第5期1068-1080,共13页
To improve our knowledge of the spatio-temporal correspondence between radar reflectivity and VLF/LF total lightning data,this paper proposes indexes to quantify the horizontal distribution and temporal evolution char... To improve our knowledge of the spatio-temporal correspondence between radar reflectivity and VLF/LF total lightning data,this paper proposes indexes to quantify the horizontal distribution and temporal evolution characteristics between radar composite reflectivity images and total lightning density map,lightning clusters and radar cells with different radar reflectivity thresholds(30,35,40,45 and 50 dBZ),respectively.It is found that the number of radar grid cells with radar reflectivity over 30 dBZ is ten times the number of lightning grid cells.At the identification stage,the lightning activity regions in a radar cell account for less than 30%using thresholds of 30,35 and 40 dBZ,respectively,and the radar cell has more than one lightning cluster,which means that the mesoscale convective systems typically have more than one draft,and drafts are only small part of the convection.The majority of the centroid deviations is less than 10 km,indicating that there are some shifts between electrically active regions and convective regions.Results suggest that VLF/LF total lightning data are consistent with radar data and total lightning data can be used individually on a smaller spatio-temporal scale than radar data. 展开更多
关键词 LIGHTNING reflectIVITY typically
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Development and prospect of acoustic reflection imaging logging processing and interpretation method
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作者 LI Ning LIU Peng +5 位作者 WU Hongliang LI Yusheng ZHANG Wenhao WANG Kewen FENG Zhou WANG Hao 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 SCIE 2024年第4期839-851,共13页
Acoustic reflection imaging logging technology can detect and evaluate the development of reflection anomalies,such as fractures,caves and faults,within a range of tens of meters from the wellbore,greatly expanding th... Acoustic reflection imaging logging technology can detect and evaluate the development of reflection anomalies,such as fractures,caves and faults,within a range of tens of meters from the wellbore,greatly expanding the application scope of well logging technology.This article reviews the development history of the technology and focuses on introducing key methods,software,and on-site applications of acoustic reflection imaging logging technology.Based on the analyses of major challenges faced by existing technologies,and in conjunction with the practical production requirements of oilfields,the further development directions of acoustic reflection imaging logging are proposed.Following the current approach that utilizes the reflection coefficients,derived from the computation of acoustic slowness and density,to perform seismic inversion constrained by well logging,the next frontier is to directly establish the forward and inverse relationships between the downhole measured reflection waves and the surface seismic reflection waves.It is essential to advance research in imaging of fractures within shale reservoirs,the assessment of hydraulic fracturing effectiveness,the study of geosteering while drilling,and the innovation in instruments of acoustic reflection imaging logging technology. 展开更多
关键词 acoustic reflection imaging monopole P-waves dipole S-waves horizontal well acoustic reflection imaging 3D imaging well logging-seismic integration CIFLog software
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The multi-peak point phenomenon of broadband microwave reflection caused by inhomogeneous plasma
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作者 杨敏 齐凯旋 +5 位作者 杨玖文 贾飒 刘浩岩 陈燕扬 李瑾 李小平 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第7期1-11,共11页
During spacecraft re-entry,the challenge of measuring plasma sheath parameters directly contributes to difficulties in addressing communication blackout.In this work,we have discovered a phenomenon of multiple peaks i... During spacecraft re-entry,the challenge of measuring plasma sheath parameters directly contributes to difficulties in addressing communication blackout.In this work,we have discovered a phenomenon of multiple peaks in reflection data caused by the inhomogeneous plasma.Simulation results show that the multi-peak points fade away as the characteristic frequency is approached,resembling a series of gradually decreasing peaks.The positions and quantities of these points are positively correlated with electron density,yet they show no relation to collision frequency.This phenomenon is of significant reference value for future studies on the spatial distribution of plasmas,particularly for using microwave reflection signals in diagnosing the plasma sheath. 展开更多
关键词 plasma sheath microwave reflection inhomogeneous plasma
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Investigation of reflection anisotropy induced by micropipe defects on the surface of a 4H-SiC single crystal using scanning anisotropy microscopy
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作者 黄威 俞金玲 +7 位作者 刘雨 彭燕 王利军 梁平 陈堂胜 徐现刚 刘峰奇 陈涌海 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期630-637,共8页
Optical reflection anisotropy microscopy mappings of micropipe defects on the surface of a 4H-SiC single crystal are studied by the scanning anisotropy microscopy(SAM)system.The reflection anisotropy(RA)image with a&#... Optical reflection anisotropy microscopy mappings of micropipe defects on the surface of a 4H-SiC single crystal are studied by the scanning anisotropy microscopy(SAM)system.The reflection anisotropy(RA)image with a'butterfly pattern'is obtained around the micropipes by SAM.The RA image of the edge dislocations is theoretically simulated based on dislocation theory and the photoelastic principle.By comparing with the Raman spectrum,it is verified that the micropipes consist of edge dislocations.The different patterns of the RA images are due to the different orientations of the Burgers vectors.Besides,the strain distribution of the micropipes is also deduced.One can identify the dislocation type,the direction of the Burgers vector and the optical anisotropy from the RA image by using SAM.Therefore,SAM is an ideal tool to measure the optical anisotropy induced by the strain field around a defect. 展开更多
关键词 scanning anisotropy microscopy SiC reflection anisotropy edge dislocation
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Intelligent reflecting surface for sum rate enhancement in MIMO systems
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作者 Chan-Yeob Park Ji-Sung Jung +2 位作者 Yeong-Rong Lee Beom-Sik Shin Hyoung-Kyu Song 《Digital Communications and Networks》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第1期94-100,共7页
The research for the Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS)which has the advantages of cost and energy efficiency has been studied.Channel capacity can be effectively increased by appropriately setting the phase value of... The research for the Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS)which has the advantages of cost and energy efficiency has been studied.Channel capacity can be effectively increased by appropriately setting the phase value of IRS elements according to the channel conditions.However,the problem of obtaining an appropriate phase value of IRs is difficult to solve due to the non-convex problem.This paper proposes an iterative algorithm for the alternating optimal solution in the Single User Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output(SU-MIMO)systems.The proposed iterative algorithm finds an alternating optimal solution that is the phase value of IRS one by one.The results show that the proposed method has better performance than that of the randomized IRS systems.The number of iterations for maximizing the performance of the proposed algorithm depends on the channel state between the IRS and the receiver. 展开更多
关键词 Intelligent reflecting surface MIMO Sum rate
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Correction of microwave pulse reflection by digital filters in superconducting quantum circuits
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作者 Liang-Liang Guo Peng Duan +9 位作者 Lei Du Hai-Feng Zhang Hao-Ran Tao Yong Chen Xiao-Yan Yang Chi Zhang Zhi-Long Jia Wei-Cheng Kong Zhao-Yun Chen Guo-Ping Guo 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第9期117-123,共7页
Reducing the control error is vital for high-fidelity digital and analog quantum operations.In superconducting circuits,one disagreeable error arises from the reflection of microwave signals due to impedance mismatch ... Reducing the control error is vital for high-fidelity digital and analog quantum operations.In superconducting circuits,one disagreeable error arises from the reflection of microwave signals due to impedance mismatch in the control chain.Here,we demonstrate a reflection cancelation method when considering that there are two reflection nodes on the control line.We propose to generate the pre-distortion pulse by passing the envelopes of the microwave signal through digital filters,which enables real-time reflection correction when integrated into the field-programmable gate array(FPGA).We achieve a reduction of single-qubit gate infidelity from 0.67%to 0.11%after eliminating microwave reflection.Real-time correction of microwave reflection paves the way for precise control and manipulation of the qubit state and would ultimately enhance the performance of algorithms and simulations executed on quantum processors. 展开更多
关键词 reflection cancelation digital filter single-qubit gate superconducting circuit
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Quantifying the chemical composition of weathering products of Hainan basalts with reflectance spectroscopy and its implications for Mars
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作者 Xing Wu JiaCheng Liu +5 位作者 WeiChao Sun Yang Liu Joseph Michalski Wei Tan XiaoRong Qin YongLiao Zou 《Earth and Planetary Physics》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期854-867,共14页
With the development of the hyperspectral remote sensing technique,extensive chemical weathering profiles have been identified on Mars.These weathering sequences,formed through precipitation-driven leaching processes,... With the development of the hyperspectral remote sensing technique,extensive chemical weathering profiles have been identified on Mars.These weathering sequences,formed through precipitation-driven leaching processes,can reflect the paleoenvironments and paleoclimates during pedogenic processes.The specific composition and stratigraphic profiles mirror the mineralogical and chemical trends observed in weathered basalts on Hainan Island in south China.In this study,we investigated the laboratory reflectance spectra of a 53-m-long drilling core of a thick basaltic weathering profile collected from Hainan Island.We established a quantitative spectral model by combining the genetic algorithm and partial least squares regression(GA-PLSR)to predict the chemical properties(SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3)and index of laterization(IOL).The entire sample set was divided into a calibration set of 25 samples and a validation set of 12 samples.Specifically,the GA was used to select the spectral subsets for each composition,which were then input into the PLSR model to derive the chemical concentration.The coefficient of determination(R2)values on the validation set for SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,and the IOL were greater than 0.9.In addition,the effects of various spectral preprocessing techniques on the model accuracy were evaluated.We found that the spectral derivative treatment boosted the prediction accuracy of the GA-PLSR model.The improvement achieved with the second derivative was more pronounced than when using the first derivative.The quantitative model developed in this work has the potential to estimate the contents of similar weathering basalt products,and thus infer the degree of alteration and provide insights into paleoclimatic conditions.Moreover,the informative bands selected by the GA can serve as a guideline for designing spectral channels for the next generation of spectrometers. 展开更多
关键词 reflectance spectroscopy weathered basalts terrestrial analog quantitative retrieval MARS
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Joint Active and Passive Beamforming Design in Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS)-Assisted Covert Communications:A Multi-Agent DRL Approach
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作者 Gao Ang Ren Xiaoyu +2 位作者 Deng Bin Sun Xinshun Zhang Jiankang 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第9期11-26,共16页
Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS),with the potential capability to reconstruct the electromagnetic propagation environment,evolves a new IRSassisted covert communications paradigm to eliminate the negligible detecti... Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS),with the potential capability to reconstruct the electromagnetic propagation environment,evolves a new IRSassisted covert communications paradigm to eliminate the negligible detection of malicious eavesdroppers by coherently beaming the scattered signals and suppressing the signals leakage.However,when multiple IRSs are involved,accurate channel estimation is still a challenge due to the extra hardware complexity and communication overhead.Besides the crossinterference caused by massive reflecting paths,it is hard to obtain the close-formed solution for the optimization of covert communications.On this basis,the paper improves a heterogeneous multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient(MADDPG)approach for the joint active and passive beamforming(Joint A&P BF)optimization without the channel estimation,where the base station(BS)and multiple IRSs are taken as different types of agents and learn to enhance the covert spectrum efficiency(CSE)cooperatively.Thanks to the‘centralized training and distributed execution’feature of MADDPG,each agent can execute the active or passive beamforming independently based on its partial observation without referring to others.Numeral results demonstrate that the proposed deep reinforcement learning(DRL)approach could not only obtain a preferable CSE of legitimate users and a low detection of probability(LPD)of warden,but also alleviate the communication overhead and simplify the IRSs deployment. 展开更多
关键词 covert communications deep reinforcement learning intelligent reflecting surface
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Wave Reflection by Rectangular Breakwaters for Coastal Protection
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作者 Hasna Akarni Hamza Mabchour +1 位作者 Laila El Aarabi Soumia Mordane 《Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing》 EI 2024年第3期579-593,共15页
In this study,we focus on the numerical modelling of the interaction between waves and submerged structures in the presence of a uniform flow current.Both the same and opposite senses of wave propagation are considere... In this study,we focus on the numerical modelling of the interaction between waves and submerged structures in the presence of a uniform flow current.Both the same and opposite senses of wave propagation are considered.The main objective is an understanding of the effect of the current and various geometrical parameters on the reflection coefficient.The wave used in the study is based on potential theory,and the submerged structures consist of two rectangular breakwaters positioned at a fixed distance from each other and attached to the bottom of a wave flume.The numerical modeling approach employed in this work relies on the Boundary Element Method(BEM).The results are compared with experimental data to validate the approach.The findings of the study demonstrate that the double rectangular breakwater configuration exhibits superior wave attenuation abilities if compared to a single rectangular breakwater,particularly at low wavenumbers.Furthermore,the study reveals that wave mitigation is more pronounced when the current and wave propagation are coplanar,whereas it is less effective in the case of opposing current. 展开更多
关键词 WAVE CURRENT BREAKWATERS Boundary Element Method(BEM) reflection coefficient
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The influence of reflections from the train body and the ground on the sound radiation from a railway rail
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作者 David J.Thompson Dong Zhao +3 位作者 Evangelos Ntotsios Giacomo Squicciarini Ester Cierco Erwin Jansen 《Railway Sciences》 2024年第1期1-17,共17页
Purpose – The vibration of the rails is a significant source of railway rolling noise, often forming the dominantcomponent of noise in the important frequency region between 400 and 2000 Hz. The purpose of the paper ... Purpose – The vibration of the rails is a significant source of railway rolling noise, often forming the dominantcomponent of noise in the important frequency region between 400 and 2000 Hz. The purpose of the paper is toinvestigate the influence of the ground profile and the presence of the train body on the sound radiation fromthe rail.Design/methodology/approach – Two-dimensional boundary element calculations are used, in which therail vibration is the source. The ground profile and various different shapes of train body are introduced in themodel, and results are observed in terms of sound power and sound pressure. Comparisons are also made withvibro-acoustic measurements performed with and without a train present.Findings – The sound radiated by the rail in the absence of the train body is strongly attenuated by shieldingdue to the ballast shoulder. When the train body is present, the sound from the vertical rail motion is reflectedback down toward the track where it is partly absorbed by the ballast. Nevertheless, the sound pressure at thetrackside is increased by typically 0–5 dB. For the lateral vibration of the rail, the effects are much smaller. Oncethe sound power is known, the sound pressure with the train present can be approximated reasonably well withsimple line source directivities.Originality/value – Numerical models used to predict the sound radiation from railway rails have generallyneglected the influence of the ground profile and reflections from the underside of the train body on the soundpower and directivity of the rail. These effects are studied in a systematic way including comparisons with measurements. 展开更多
关键词 Rolling noise Sound radiation Railway track Boundary elements Ground reflections DIRECTIVITY
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Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Transmission Optimization Strategies in Wireless Networks
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作者 He Xinxin Qi Xuan +2 位作者 Meng Wei Liu Wei Yin Changchuan 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第4期120-135,共16页
Wireless Power Transfer(WPT)technology can provide real-time power for many terminal devices in Internet of Things(IoT)through millimeterWave(mmWave)to support applications with large capacity and low latency.Although... Wireless Power Transfer(WPT)technology can provide real-time power for many terminal devices in Internet of Things(IoT)through millimeterWave(mmWave)to support applications with large capacity and low latency.Although the intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)can be adopted to create effective virtual links to address the mmWave blockage problem,the conventional solutions only adopt IRS in the downlink from the Base Station(BS)to the users to enhance the received signal strength.In practice,the reflection of IRS is also applicable to the uplink to improve the spectral efficiency.It is a challenging to jointly optimize IRS beamforming and system resource allocation for wireless energy acquisition and information transmission.In this paper,we first design a Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(LEACH)clustering protocol for clustering and data collection.Then,the problem of maximizing the minimum system spectral efficiency is constructed by jointly optimizing the transmit power of sensor devices,the uplink and downlink transmission times,the active beamforming at the BS,and the IRS dynamic beamforming.To solve this non-convex optimization problem,we propose an alternating optimization(AO)-based joint solution algorithm.Simulation results show that the use of IRS dynamic beamforming can significantly improve the spectral efficiency of the system,and ensure the reliability of equipment communication and the sustainability of energy supply under NLOS link. 展开更多
关键词 intelligent reflecting surface(IRS) joint optimization millimeter wave wireless information transmission(WIT) wireless power transfer(WPT)
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Graded and Quantitative Technology and Application of Coal-Bearing Reservoir Based on Seismic Reflection Characteristics
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作者 Hao Zhang Huan Wan +7 位作者 Liming Lin Wenjun Xing Tiemei Yang Longgang Zhou Lijun Gao Guangchao Zhi Xin Liu Xiaowen Song 《Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection》 2024年第6期279-290,共12页
Taiyuan formation is the main exploration strata in Ordos Basin, and coals are widely developed. Due to the interference of strong reflection of coals, we cannot completely identify the effective reservoir information... Taiyuan formation is the main exploration strata in Ordos Basin, and coals are widely developed. Due to the interference of strong reflection of coals, we cannot completely identify the effective reservoir information of coal-bearing reservoir on seismic data. Previous researchers have studied the reservoir by stripping or weakening the strong reflection, but it is difficult to determine the effectiveness of the remaining reflection seismic data. In this paper, through the establishment of 2D forward model of coal-bearing strata, the corresponding geophysical characteristics of different reflection types of coal-bearing strata are analyzed, and then the favorable sedimentary facies zones for reservoir development are predicted. On this basis, combined with seismic properties, the coal-bearing reservoir is quantitatively characterized by seismic inversion. The above research shows that the Taiyuan formation in LS block of Ordos Basin is affected by coals and forms three or two peaks in different locations. The reservoir plane sedimentary facies zone is effectively characterized by seismic reflection structure. Based on the characteristics of sedimentary facies belt and petrophysical analysis, the reservoir is semi quantitatively characterized by attribute analysis and waveform indication, and quantitatively characterized by pre stack geostatistical inversion. Based on the forward analysis of coal measure strata, this technology characterizes the reservoir facies belt through seismic reflection characteristics, and describes coal measure reservoirs step by step. It effectively guides the exploration of LS block in Ordos Basin, and has achieved good practical application effect. 展开更多
关键词 Coal-Bearing Reservoir Seismic reflection Characteristics Waveform Indication Inversion Geostatistics Inversion
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Conversion hip arthroplasty for failed nailing of intertrochanteric fracture: Reflections on some important aspects
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作者 Fu-Chun Yang 《World Journal of Orthopedics》 2024年第10期997-1000,共4页
In this editorial,I present my comments on the article by Solarino et al.Conversion hip arthroplasty,which is an optional salvage procedure performed following unsuccessful fixation of intertrochanteric femur fracture... In this editorial,I present my comments on the article by Solarino et al.Conversion hip arthroplasty,which is an optional salvage procedure performed following unsuccessful fixation of intertrochanteric femur fractures in elderly pati-ents,entails more complex processes and higher rates of operative complications than primary arthroplasty.Hence,it is important to consider the appropriateness of the primary treatment choice,as well as the adequacy of nailing fixation for intertrochanteric fractures.This article briefly analyzes the possible factors contributing to the nailing failure of intertrochanteric fractures and attempts to find corresponding countermeasures to prevent fixation failures.It also analyzes the choice of treatment between nailing fixation and primary arthroplasty for intertrochanteric fractures. 展开更多
关键词 Intertrochanteric femur fracture Femoral nailing fixation Primary hip arthroplasty Conversion hip arthroplasty Failed internal fixation Treatment reflection
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Progress in the Application of Reflective Education on Undergraduate Nursing Interns
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作者 Jianhua Qin Nannan Ma 《Journal of Contemporary Educational Research》 2024年第5期167-171,共5页
Objective:To explore the implementation methods and effects of reflective education,and to provide references for the development of reflective education in Chinese nursing schools.Methods:Relevant literature was sear... Objective:To explore the implementation methods and effects of reflective education,and to provide references for the development of reflective education in Chinese nursing schools.Methods:Relevant literature was searched from China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,Wipro Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database,and PubMed Database,and the included studies were analyzed descriptively.Results:The implementation of reflective education included work-site education,group discussion,video teaching,self-reflection,and expert lectures;the interventions mainly included study groups,role-playing,individual instruction,peer cooperation,demonstration and observation,field simulation,and video presentations.The implementation of reflective education can improve the sense of professional identity and professional competence of nursing interns,and reduce nursing errors and adverse events.Conclusion:Currently,nurses in China lack self-awareness and critical thinking skills,it is recommended that reflective education be incorporated into the teaching content of undergraduate nursing students during their internship in order to promote the development of professionalism and humanistic caring skills of nursing students. 展开更多
关键词 reflective education Undergraduate nursing students Interns EDUCATION PRACTICE Educational innovation
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