Effects of Ethanol Condensation Reflux Extraction and Ultrasound-assisted Extraction on the Content of Total Flavonoids of Pueraria edulis

With Pueraria edulis from different habitats in Yunnan Province,Guangdong Province and Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region as materials,the medicinal materials of P.edulis were extracted by ethanol condensation reflux extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction,and the effects of different extraction methods the contents of total flavonoids in P.edulis from different areas were compared.The results showed that the best extraction time for P.edulis in Yunnan Province was 20 min,and that for Guangdong and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was 30 min.The yield of total flavonoids from P.edulis extracted by the condensation reflux extraction method was relatively better.The content of total flavonoids in P.edulis in Yunnan was the highest with an average content of 0.2557%,while the average content of total flavonoids in P.edulis in Guangdong was the lowest with an average content of 0.2108%.

Extraction of Effective Ingredient from Pomegranate Peels and Its Whitening Effect

[ Objective] This study aimed to extract the effective ingredient of pomegranate peels and explore its whitening effect. [ Method] Pomegranate peels were used as materials for single factor experiment to determine the optimal technique for effective ingredient extraction from pomegranate peels and explore the inhibition of the extracts on tyrosinase and whitening effect of the effective ingredient of pomegranate peels. [ Result] The optimal conditions for ultrasound-assisted extraction of effective ingredient in pomegranate peels were： liquid-to-solid ratio of 1：20 with 60% ethanol, extraction temperature of 60℃, ultrasonic intensity of 7 and pro- cessing time of 40 min, which led to relatively strong inhibition effect of pomegranate peel extracts on tyrosinase. The inhibition rate of extracts obtained with com- mon solvent reflux extraction method was only around 60%, while the inhibition rate of extracts obtained with ultrasound-assisted extraction method on tyrosinase ac- tivity had achieved around 90%, showing a very significant the difference, which indicated that during the process of extraction of effective ingredient from pome- granate peels, appropriate ultrasound-assistance was advantageous to the extraction of active ingredients; in addition, the inhibition effect of extracts on tyrosinase had increased with the increasing concentration of extracts, and the inhibition rate could achieve 100%. [ Condusion] This study provided a certain theoretical ba- sis for the utilization of pomegranate peels as natural green materials to develop whitening cosmetics.

不同方法提取代代花中挥发油成分的GC-MS分析

分别采用水蒸汽蒸馏法、回流法和超声法提取代代花中的挥发油成分,提取率分别为0.16%、2.18%和2.34%。再用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对挥发油成分进行分析,峰面积归一法确定各组分的相对含量。三种方法分别鉴定出55、34、29种化学成分,其中水蒸气蒸馏法以萜品醇(20.98%)、柠檬烯(11.67%)主,回流法以棕榈酸(20.61%)、9,12-十八碳二烯酸-2-氯乙胺(14.54%)为主,超声法以正二十四烷(11.32%)、正二十一烷(11.06%)、棕榈酸(8.76%)为主。结果表明:不同方法提取的挥发油的组成及含量存在差异,针对目标产物需要选择合适的提取方法,水蒸汽蒸馏法对无极性和弱极性的萜烯和萜醇类化合物提取效果较好,超声法和回流法对极性稍强的脂肪酸和酯类有明显的提取优势。