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Regional Block Anesthesia in Breast Surgery: What Do We Know So Far?
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作者 Hao Wang Sharat Chopra Prit Anand Singh 《Open Journal of Anesthesiology》 2024年第9期185-195,共11页
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide, and pain following mastectomy is a major post-surgical complication. This paper highlights the risk factors for chronic pain in breast surgery and evaluat... Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide, and pain following mastectomy is a major post-surgical complication. This paper highlights the risk factors for chronic pain in breast surgery and evaluates various regional block techniques used to reduce post-operative pain, and minimize hospital stays in high-risk patients. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of novel regional anaesthesia techniques in an enhanced recovery context, and to assess their role in preventing or reducing chronic pain. 展开更多
关键词 Chronic Pain Breast Surgery MASTECTOMY regional Anesthesia Nerve blocks ULTRASOUND-GUIDED
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Study on the adaptability of block-rock embankment in permafrost regions 被引量:1
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作者 YuChi Liu ZhiGang Song 《Research in Cold and Arid Regions》 CSCD 2017年第4期412-419,共8页
As an effective solution for protecting the underlying permafrost and preventing roadway damages, the block-rock embankment(BRE) has been widely used on the Qinghai–Tibet Railway, Qinghai–Tibet Highway, and Ching–H... As an effective solution for protecting the underlying permafrost and preventing roadway damages, the block-rock embankment(BRE) has been widely used on the Qinghai–Tibet Railway, Qinghai–Tibet Highway, and Ching–Hong Road;and it will be promoted for other roadways in the future. To evaluate the adaptability of BRE, the catastrophe-progression method was adopted for the evaluation. By analyzing the factors affecting the stability of BRE and utilizing engineering experience, we were able to establish the mathematical model and divide the adaptability of BRE into five grades. After the verifying analysis of 28 practical engineering examples, the evaluation results are broadly in line with practical application effects. Therefore, the adaptability of BRE can be evaluated and predicted more accurately with this evaluation model. 展开更多
关键词 PERMAFROST regions block-rock EMBANKMENT ADAPTABILITY catastrophe-progression method evaluation index system
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Randomized Trial of the Use of Dexmedetomidine vs. Propofol after Regional Blockade in Shoulder Surgery Patients in Beach Chair Position
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作者 Piyush Gupta Ofer Wellisch +5 位作者 Mark Kronenfeld Jack Choueka Kenneth D. Eichenbaum Murali Pagala Peter Homel Dennis E. Feierman 《Open Journal of Anesthesiology》 2015年第8期187-191,共5页
Background: Propofol is often the drug of choice for ambulatory orthopedic cases. However, propofol can be associated with apnea or other events requiring airway interventions. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) has the unique pha... Background: Propofol is often the drug of choice for ambulatory orthopedic cases. However, propofol can be associated with apnea or other events requiring airway interventions. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) has the unique pharmacologic profile of providing sedation without respiratory depression. This is particularly relevant in patients with morbid obesity and/or challenging airways. The hypotheses were: 1) Propofol would cause more apnea or require more airway manipulations than dexmedetomidine;2) Propofol would have shorter post anesthesia unit recovery times;and 3) Dexmedetomidine would be associated with more bradycardia and hypotension. Methods: After IRB approval, 50 patients were randomized to receive either propofol or Dex for Total Intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) after interscalene brachial plexus block was performed preoperatively under ultrasound guidance. The main end points that we measured where: airway interventions, intra-operative bradycardia, hypotension, and PACU length of stay. Results: There were more airway interventions in the propofol group compared to the Dex group. Additionally, the Dex group had significantly longer PACU stays. Conclusion: We would recommend that Dex should be preferentially considered for patients predisposed to airway obstruction;however, the standard use of Dex over Propofol needed to reconsider since the use of Dex as the agent for TIVA was associated with longer PACU stays. 展开更多
关键词 DEXMEDETOMIDINE PROPOFOL BEACH CHAIR regionAL block
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Elementary Research on Activity Behavior of the Crust in Funan-Huoqiu Area, Southern Border of the North China Active Block Region
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作者 Yao Daquan Liu Jiacan 《Earthquake Research in China》 2005年第4期371-380,共10页
The Funan-Huoqiu area is located in the border tectonic belt between the North China and South China active block regions. By means of seismological and geological surveys and synthetic analysis, evidences of tectonic... The Funan-Huoqiu area is located in the border tectonic belt between the North China and South China active block regions. By means of seismological and geological surveys and synthetic analysis, evidences of tectonic deformation in lower intensity have been found in the area since Late Pleistocene, where small earthquakes are distributed linearly along the main faults, conjugate shear joints are developed in the Upper Pleistocene nearby the faults. In the south of the studied region, fissures with different lengths, widths and directions occurred successively in Gushi, Huoqiu, Funan and other places of the area, in the 1970’s, and the direction of the fissures is approximately consistent with that of the Feizhong fault and Wanglaorenji fault. The authors hold that the clustering of small earthquakes, the conjugate shear joints developed in the Upper Pleistocene, the crumpled deformation of materials on fault plane, and the development of modern surface fissures in the area all reflect that the energy in the crust was slowly released, and that the weak deformation took place in corresponding faults. There was only one destructive earthquake taking place in the area (the Jiangkouji {M_S43/4} earthquake). Altogather, there has been weak activity in the area since the Late Quaternary, and it is mainly shown as a creep-slip. 展开更多
关键词 North China Active block region Funan- Huoqiu Activity behavior Activity level
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DISCUSSION ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WESTERN MARGIN OF YANGTZE BLOCK AND SOUTHWESTERN SANJIANG REGION IN PROTEROZOIC 被引量:1
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作者 Li Zhongxiong, Cheng Ming, Guan Shiping 《地学前缘》 EI CAS CSCD 2000年第S1期317-318,共2页
The western margin of Yangtze block and southwestern Sanjiang region absorbed much attention from geologists. It has been proved that there occurred a series of plate subduction, collision, assembly, rifting and break... The western margin of Yangtze block and southwestern Sanjiang region absorbed much attention from geologists. It has been proved that there occurred a series of plate subduction, collision, assembly, rifting and breakup processes between them since Palaeozoic and the tectonic evolutionary relationship between them is clear. But in Proterozoic this kind of links between them became unclear. Did they undergo the assembly and breakup processes of the Rodinia super continent? This paper will take a primary discussion on this question on the basis of basement component, structure characteristics and magmatic activities.1\ Basement features\;(1) In western margin of Yangtze block its basement is composed of crystalline basement and folded basement, a so\|called double\|layer structure. The crystalline basement is made up of Kangding group, Pudeng Formation and Dibadu Formation, among them Kangding group is a representative and composed mainly of migmatite, compositing gneiss, hornblende schist and granulitite. The isotopic age of crystalline basement is older than 1900Ma, so its geological time is late Archaean to early Proterozoic. The folded basement is composed of Dahongshan group, Hekou group, Kunyang group, Huili group and Yanbian group. Their rock associations are made up mainly of spilite\|keratophyre formation, carbonate formation, clastic rock and clastic rock formation with some basic volcanic rocks. The folded basement is assigned to be early and middle Proterozoic (1000~1700M a). 展开更多
关键词 PROTEROZOIC basement structure ophiolite suite GRENVILLE orogenic belt WESTERN MARGIN of Yangtze block SOUTHWESTERN Sanjiang region
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Comparative Analysis on Space Form of Block in Arid Region and Ecological Design Strategy
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作者 Wang Yining Zang Xinyu Chen Tian 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2018年第3期24-29,共6页
Due to unique geographical position and climatic characteristics,there are more economic,social,resource,environmental and other problems in urban construction of arid region. Old urban block of Kashgar and typical bl... Due to unique geographical position and climatic characteristics,there are more economic,social,resource,environmental and other problems in urban construction of arid region. Old urban block of Kashgar and typical block of Masdar ecological city of Abu Dhabi are taken as the research objects. Based on summarizing the characteristics of traditional block and newly built ecological block in arid region,comparative analysis on their space forms and environmental designs is conducted,and the association mechanism between ecological adaptability and space form is generalized. From the aspects of block layout,block space,open space and architectural form,ecological design strategy of the block in arid region is proposed,which could provide the reference for development and construction of ecological city in arid region of China. 展开更多
关键词 Arid region Aho block Masdar ecological city block Ecological design
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New Method of Image Retrieval Based on Interest Image Region Blocks and Comprehensive Features
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作者 PENG Xiaohua ZHU YU LIN Zhongzheng 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 CAS 2012年第1期55-60,共6页
We propose an image retrieval method based on interest image region by asymmetrical blocking. An image is segmented into the interest region and background region on a certain rule. For the interest image regions, the... We propose an image retrieval method based on interest image region by asymmetrical blocking. An image is segmented into the interest region and background region on a certain rule. For the interest image regions, the color histogram of the uneven blocks is extracted as the color characteristic. We also collect the mean and variance value of the Gabor filtering results of background blocks as texture features of the background image. Then, the images can be retrieved by synthesizing the image color and texture features. We test our approaches by analyzing the resuits of recall and precision indicators for the Corel image database. The experiment results show that the proposed method performs effectively and accurately, which is more effective to retrieve the distant-view images, and the achieved precision increases by about 10% without loss of the retrieval call compared with some other traditional search methods. 展开更多
关键词 image retrieval color histogram Gabor filter image block interest region
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Regional Geochemical Division—A Tool for Delineating Geochemical Block 被引量:3
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作者 Chen Ming Yan Guangsheng Department of Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083 Fan Jizhang Li Jingchao Geomathematics Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130026 《Journal of Earth Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2000年第2期58-61,共4页
Regional geochemical division is a mapping technique to divide an area into slices where the associations between geochemical elements are relatively simple and uniform. The result of division is expressed on a 2 D ma... Regional geochemical division is a mapping technique to divide an area into slices where the associations between geochemical elements are relatively simple and uniform. The result of division is expressed on a 2 D map. The scheme of regional geochemical division includes non supervised pattern recognition, elementary statistics and factor analysis. A practical example in a gold prospecting area in Jilin, China, and the corresponding explanation are presented. Regional geochemical division is a basic approach to the delineation of the geochemical blocks as well. 展开更多
关键词 regional geochemical exploration regional geochemical division C transformation pattern RECOGNITION geochemical block association of elements.
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The Crucial Role of Bilateral Infraclavicular Nerve Blocks in the Anesthetic Management of a Trauma Patient 被引量:2
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作者 Eric P. Chiang Paul Dangerfield +2 位作者 Jaideep H. Mehta Marian Sherman Jeffrey S. Berger 《Open Journal of Anesthesiology》 2012年第4期113-116,共4页
Bilateral brachial plexus blocks and regional anesthesia in trauma patients are rarely performed due to potential complications when using these techniques. We illustrate a case in which bilateral infraclavicular nerv... Bilateral brachial plexus blocks and regional anesthesia in trauma patients are rarely performed due to potential complications when using these techniques. We illustrate a case in which bilateral infraclavicular nerve blocks were placed as part of a multimodal approach to pain management in a trauma patient. We discuss potential hazards, important considerations, and rationale for attempting this procedure. Ultimately, performing bilateral brachial plexus nerve blocks in trauma patients is a viable option when choosing pain management techniques. 展开更多
关键词 BILATERAL BRACHIAL PLEXUS blockS regional ANESTHESIA in TRAUMA Pain Management in TRAUMA
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Procedural simulation:medical student preference and value of three task trainers for ultrasound guided regional anesthesia 被引量:2
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作者 Shadi Lahham Taylaur Smith +6 位作者 Jessa Baker Amanda Purdy Erica Frumin Bret Winners Sean P.Wilson Abdulatif Gari John C.Fox 《World Journal of Emergency Medicine》 CAS 2017年第4期287-291,共5页
BACKGROUND: Ultrasound guided regional anesthesia is widely taught using task trainer models. Commercially available models are often used; however, they can be cost prohibitive. Therefore, alternative "homemade&... BACKGROUND: Ultrasound guided regional anesthesia is widely taught using task trainer models. Commercially available models are often used; however, they can be cost prohibitive. Therefore, alternative "homemade" models with similar fidelity are often used. We hypothesize that professional task trainers will be preferred over homemade models. The purpose of this study is to determine realism, durability and cleanliness of three different task trainers for ultrasound guided nerve blocks.METHODS: This was a prospective observational study using a convenience sample of medical student participants in an ultrasound guided nerve block training session on January 24 th, 2015. Participants were asked to perform simulated nerve blocks on three different task trainers including, 1 commercial and 2 homemade. A questionnaire was then given to all participants to rate their experiences both with and without the knowledge on the cost of the simulator device.RESULTS: Data was collected from 25 participants. The Blue Phantom model was found to have the highest fidelity. Initially, 10(40%) of the participants preferred the Blue Phantom model, while 10(40%) preferred the homemade gelatin model and 5(20%) preferred the homemade tofu model. After cost awareness, the majority, 18(72%) preferred the gelatin model.CONCLUSION: The Blue Phantom model was thought to have the highest fidelity, but after cost consideration the homemade gelatin model was preferred. 展开更多
关键词 Ultrasound guided NERVE block TASK TRAINER regional ANESTHESIA
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Joint Inversion of the 3D P Wave Velocity Structure of the Crust and Upper Mantle under the Southeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau Using Regional Earthquake and Teleseismic Data 被引量:12
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作者 LI Dahu LIAO Hua +4 位作者 DING Zhifeng ZHAN Yan WU Pingping XU Xiaoming ZHENG Chen 《Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)》 CAS CSCD 2018年第1期16-33,共18页
The special seismic tectonic environment and frequent seismicity in the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau show that this area is an ideal location to study the present tectonic movement and background o... The special seismic tectonic environment and frequent seismicity in the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau show that this area is an ideal location to study the present tectonic movement and background of strong earthquakes in China's Mainland and to predict future strong earthquake risk zones. Studies of the structural environment and physical characteristics of the deep structure in this area are helpful to explore deep dynamic effects and deformation field characteristics, to strengthen our understanding of the roles of anisotropy and tectonic deformation and to study the deep tectonic background of the seismic origin of the block's interior. In this paper, the three-dimensional (3D) P-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle under the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is obtained via observational data from 224 permanent seismic stations in the regional digital seismic network of Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces and from 356 mobile China seismic arrays in the southern section of the north-south seismic belt using a joint inversion method of the regional earthquake and teleseismic data. The results indicate that the spatial distribution of the P-wave velocity anomalies in the shallow upper crust is closely related to the surface geological structure, terrain and lithology. Baoxing and Kangding, with their basic volcanic rocks and volcanic clastic rocks, present obvious high-velocity anomalies. The Chengdu Basin shows low-velocity anomalies associated with the Quaternary sediments. The Xichang Mesozoic Basin and the Butuo Basin are characterised by low- velocity anomalies related to very thick sedimentary layers. The upper and middle crust beneath the Chuan-Dian and Songpan-Ganzi Blocks has apparent lateral heterogeneities, including low-velocity zones of different sizes. There is a large range of low-velocity layers in the Songpan-Ganzi Block and the sub-block northwest of Sichuan Province, showing that the middle and lower crust is relatively weak. The Sichuan Basin, which is located in the western margin of the Yangtze platform, shows high-velocity characteristics. The results also reveal that there are continuous low-velocity layer distributions in the middle and lower crust of the Daliangshan Block and that the distribution direction of the low-velocity anomaly is nearly SN, which is consistent with the trend of the Daliangshan fault. The existence of the low-velocity layer in the crust also provides a deep source for the deep dynamic deformation and seismic activity of the Daliangshan Block and its boundary faults. The results of the 3D P-wave velocity structure show that an anomalous distribution of high-density, strong-magnetic and high-wave velocity exists inside the crust in the Panxi region. This is likely related to late Paleozoic mantle plume activity that led to a large number of mafic and ultra-mafic intrusions into the crust. In the crustal doming process, the massive intrusion of mantle-derived material enhanced the mechanical strength of the crustal medium. The P-wave velocity structure also revealed that the upper mantle contains a low-velocity layer at a depth of 80-120 km in the Panxi region. The existence of deep faults in the Panxi region, which provide conditions for transporting mantle thermal material into the crust, is the deep tectonic background for the area's strong earthquake activity. 展开更多
关键词 3D P-wave velocity structure China seismic array detection Panxi region Chuan-Dianblock Daliangshan block southeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
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Effect of Transverse Abdominis Plane Block on Chronic Post-Operative Pain—A Review
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作者 Darwin Lamichhane Xuelin Yang Zhengliang Ma 《Open Journal of Anesthesiology》 2017年第2期23-34,共12页
Chronic post-operative pain is a recognized adverse consequence of surgery;managing and preventing it are always a better choice. Proper choice of Anesthetic technique, use of combined anesthesia and pre-emptive analg... Chronic post-operative pain is a recognized adverse consequence of surgery;managing and preventing it are always a better choice. Proper choice of Anesthetic technique, use of combined anesthesia and pre-emptive analgesia may prevent and decrease the incidence of chronic post-operative pain. Transverse abdominis plane block (TAP Block) is a regional anesthesia technique following abdominal surgeries which involve injection of a large amount of local anesthetics in TAP, an anatomical space between the internal oblique and transverse abdominis muscle. The aim of this review is to show the effect and uses of TAP block as a combined anesthesia and multimodal analgesia in preventing chronic post-operative pain. 展开更多
关键词 CHRONIC POST-OPERATIVE Pain TRANSVERSE Abdominis PLANE block regional Anesthesia Multimodal ANALGESIA
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Lumbar-Sacral Plexus Block Anesthesia versus General Anesthesia for Total Hip Arthroplasty: Case Control Study 被引量:3
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作者 Perales Caldera Eduardo González Lumbreras Aniza Surinam +4 位作者 Uribe Campo Giselle Andrea Fernández Soto José Rodrigo Medina de la Rosa Edoardo Díaz Borjón Efraín Bravo Reyna Carlos César 《Open Journal of Anesthesiology》 2021年第9期259-268,共10页
<b>Background:</b> Peripheral block techniques for total hip arthroplasty have been used as an analgesic strategy, only a few studies described it as an anesthetic technique, so the perioperative performan... <b>Background:</b> Peripheral block techniques for total hip arthroplasty have been used as an analgesic strategy, only a few studies described it as an anesthetic technique, so the perioperative performance and safety are poorly studied. <b>Methods:</b> 78 total hip arthroplasties were prospectively observed in our hospital. Divided into 2 groups: 1) General anesthesia;and 2) Lumbar sacral plexus block anesthesia. Variables measured in both groups were: demographics, conversion to general anesthesia, total opioid doses, surgical time, blood loss, postoperative pain, use and total dose of vasopressors drugs, transfusion and ICU transfer needs, postoperative ambulation time, and length of hospital stay. T student and chi-square tests were used upon the case. A significant difference was considered when a value of p < 0.05 was obtained. Descriptive statistics were performed in frequency, percentages, variance and standard deviation. <b>Results:</b> 3 patients (7.3%) anesthetized with combined lumbar sacral plexus block were converted to general anesthesia. When comparing peripheral nerve block and general anesthesia, less intraoperative (p = 0.000) and postoperative (p = 0.002) opioid consumption were noted, less postoperative pain in PACU (p = 0.002) and in the first 24 hours (p = 0.005), as well as earlier onset of ambulation (p = 0.008) and shorter hospital stay (p = 0.031). <b>Conclusions:</b> In our study, the lumbar and sacral plexus block anesthesia technique provided anesthetic conditions to perform hip joint arthroplasty and it was proved to be advantageous in comparison to general anesthesia. 展开更多
关键词 Anesthetic Technique Conversion Opioids Requirements General Anesthesia regional Anesthesia Lumbar Plexus block Sacral Plexus block Lumbar Sacral Plexus Anesthesia Success Rate
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The Evolutionary Characteristics of Seismic Activity in the Sichuan-Yunnan Region,China
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作者 Lan Congxin,Guo Xin and Zhang YafangSeismological Bureau of Beijing Municipality,Beijing 100080,China 《Earthquake Research in China》 2002年第2期138-146,共9页
Based on the earthquake activity characteristics of the diamond block in the Sichuan- Yunnan region and by using the method of the meso-scope damage dynamics and damage evolution, we studied the damage evolution proce... Based on the earthquake activity characteristics of the diamond block in the Sichuan- Yunnan region and by using the method of the meso-scope damage dynamics and damage evolution, we studied the damage evolution process for moderately strong earthquakes along two seismic belts. The original combination patterns of all the units which illuminate the changes from stable state to destroyed state are given. All these patterns can direct the earthquake prediction practice in this region. 展开更多
关键词 Diamond block in the Sichuan-Yunnan region Damage evolution Evolutionary array Original combination patterns of all the units
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区域神经阻滞联合全身麻醉对胫腓骨骨折手术患者应激反应、认知功能及睡眠质量的影响
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作者 周立君 张伟 +5 位作者 张璐 刘蕊 任小栋 尚学栋 曹路 邢飞 《郑州大学学报(医学版)》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第1期83-87,共5页
目的:研究区域神经阻滞联合全身麻醉对胫腓骨骨折手术患者应激反应、认知功能及睡眠质量的影响。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年9月在郑州大学第一附属医院行切开复位内固定术的胫腓骨骨折患者104例,根据麻醉方式分为观察组(区域神经阻滞... 目的:研究区域神经阻滞联合全身麻醉对胫腓骨骨折手术患者应激反应、认知功能及睡眠质量的影响。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年9月在郑州大学第一附属医院行切开复位内固定术的胫腓骨骨折患者104例,根据麻醉方式分为观察组(区域神经阻滞联合全身麻醉,64例)和对照组(全身麻醉,40例)。比较2组患者麻醉诱导前、手术切皮时、手术30 min、手术结束时、术后30 min应激反应指标[血清白介素-6(IL-6)、皮质醇(COR)水平],记录苏醒时间,拔管时间,拔管后VAS评分、镇静Ramsay评分,并于术前1 d、术后1 d和3 d评价患者认知功能(MMSE评分)及睡眠质量(PSQI评分)。结果:与对照组比较,观察组血清IL-6、COR水平波动更小(P<0.001)。观察组苏醒时间[(7.11±1.55)min vs(12.28±1.83)min]、拔管时间[(11.09±1.26)d vs(17.43±2.02)d]均短于对照组,且拔管后VAS评分[(1.92±0.70)分vs(3.95±0.71)分]低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组拔管后镇静Ramsay评分差异无统计学意义(P=0.100)。观察组术后MMSE评分、PSQI评分较对照组有更大改善(P<0.001)。结论:区域神经阻滞联合全身麻醉能够减少胫腓骨骨折手术患者应激反应,不损伤术后认知功能,保障术后睡眠质量。 展开更多
关键词 区域神经阻滞 胫腓骨骨折 应激反应 认知功能 睡眠质量
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规范化超声引导神经阻滞技术穿刺要素的教学效果
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作者 何亮亮 赵文星 +5 位作者 窦智 王宏岩 刘京杰 高亚南 贾晓丽 杨立强 《中国医药导报》 CAS 2024年第10期47-49,共3页
目的 探讨规范化超声引导神经阻滞技术穿刺要素的教学效果。方法 选择2023年1月至6月首都医科大学宣武医院疼痛科60名进修医生为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和试验组,各30名。试验组采用规范化超声引导穿刺要素教学,对照... 目的 探讨规范化超声引导神经阻滞技术穿刺要素的教学效果。方法 选择2023年1月至6月首都医科大学宣武医院疼痛科60名进修医生为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和试验组,各30名。试验组采用规范化超声引导穿刺要素教学,对照组采用传统方式教学。通过理论考试,模拟操作和问卷调查评价教学效果。结果 试验组理论考试得分高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组穿刺时间短于对照组,穿刺针显影评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组满意度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 规范化超声引导神经阻滞技术穿刺要素取得良好的教学效果,提高学生学习能力和实践能力。 展开更多
关键词 超声引导 神经阻滞 区域麻醉
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Occipital Nerve Block for Surgery on the Posterior Scalp
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作者 Saad Mohammad Ng Marilyn +2 位作者 Fitzpatrick Daniel D. Kaufman Alexander Apostol 《Open Journal of Anesthesiology》 2013年第1期33-34,共2页
Patients that present with scalp lesions within the distribution of cranial and spinal nerves may benefit considerably from regional nerve blocks, in this case, an occipital nerve in combination with spinal anesthesia... Patients that present with scalp lesions within the distribution of cranial and spinal nerves may benefit considerably from regional nerve blocks, in this case, an occipital nerve in combination with spinal anesthesia for lower extremity anesthesia. Such blocks can be used additionally as a source of postoperative pain relief. 展开更多
关键词 OCCIPITAL NERVE block POSTERIOR SCALP regional ANESTHESIA Skin GRAFT
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Comparison of the Analgesic Effects of Ultrasound Guided Supra-Inguinal Fascia Iliaca Block with Femoral Nerve Block for Surgical Fixation of Hip Fractures
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作者 Shivani Manohara Yean Chin Lim Qian Jun Tong 《Open Journal of Anesthesiology》 2021年第11期325-333,共9页
<b>Introduction:</b> Regional anaesthesia techniques have been used for perioperative analgesia for hip fractures. The supra-inguinal approach to fascia iliaca block (FIB) can potentially provide superior ... <b>Introduction:</b> Regional anaesthesia techniques have been used for perioperative analgesia for hip fractures. The supra-inguinal approach to fascia iliaca block (FIB) can potentially provide superior analgesia compared to femoral nerve block (FNB) by blocking the obturator and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves. We aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of single shot FIB and FNB for surgical fixation of hip fractures. <b>Methods:</b> After obtaining ethics approval and written, informed consent, 30 patients undergoing surgical fixation of hip fractures were recruited and randomized into 2 groups. Patients received either a single shot FIB or FNB with 0.5% Ropivacaine 30 mls, and a subarachnoid block. Pain scores were assessed pre-operatively, post-block, in recovery and at 24 hours post-operatively. Time to first analgesic, oxynorm consumption, opioid related side effects and block related complications were assessed at 24 hours. <b>Results:</b> There were no statistically significant difference in post-block pain scores, median (IQR) of 0 (0 - 0) versus 0 (0 - 0) at rest and 3 (2 - 6) versus 5 (2 - 6) on positioning for spinal;and 24 hour pain scores were 0 (0 - 0) versus 0 (0 - 0) at rest and 4 (2 - 5) versus 5 (2 - 6) on movement for FIB and FNB groups respectively. 5 patients from each group required post-operative opioids, post-operative opioids requirement were similar. <b>Conclusions:</b> Though ultrasound guided supra-inguinal FIB was more consistent in blocking the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve then a femoral nerve block, this did not translate to any difference in terms of pain scores, opioid consumption and side effects. 展开更多
关键词 Hip Fracture regional Anaesthesia ANALGESIA Femoral block Fascia Iliaca block
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Case Report of a Patient with Swyer-James-MacLeod Syndrome Undergoing Breast Surgery under Regional Anaesthesia and Review of Literature
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作者 Jieyin Xing Sze Ying Thong 《Open Journal of Anesthesiology》 2018年第3期66-79,共14页
Swyer-James-MacLeod Syndrome is a rare acquired pulmonary disorder that develops secondary to infectious etiologies in early childhood. Patients who are affected have the potential of developing perioperative respirat... Swyer-James-MacLeod Syndrome is a rare acquired pulmonary disorder that develops secondary to infectious etiologies in early childhood. Patients who are affected have the potential of developing perioperative respiratory complications. While regional anaesthetic techniques are often performed as adjuncts to general anaesthesia, there is less data on breast operations being done solely under regional anaesthesia. We herein describe a patient with Swyer-James-MacLeod Syndrome who underwent breast lesion wide excision under combined paravertebral and pectoral nerves block, supplemented with propofol infusion for sedation. Choice of blocks was decided upon based on knowledge on the anatomy. Sole regional anaesthetic techniques have been the safest approach in some circumstances and should always be considered in patients who are of high risk under general anaesthesia. 展开更多
关键词 Breast Surgery regional ANAESTHESIA PARAVERTEBRAL Nerve block PECS block Swyer-James-MacLeod SYNDROME
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区域神经阻滞联合尼莫地平用于老年高血压患者膝关节置换术的临床疗效及安全性评价
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作者 张先杰 蒋文才 +2 位作者 郭红利 廖欧 韩佳 《中国现代医学杂志》 CAS 2024年第4期84-90,共7页
目的 探讨区域神经阻滞联合尼莫地平用于老年高血压患者膝关节置换术的临床疗效及安全性。方法 选取2021年8月—2022年7月德阳市人民医院收治的148例拟行膝关节置换术的老年高血压患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组(给予超声引导下区域... 目的 探讨区域神经阻滞联合尼莫地平用于老年高血压患者膝关节置换术的临床疗效及安全性。方法 选取2021年8月—2022年7月德阳市人民医院收治的148例拟行膝关节置换术的老年高血压患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组(给予超声引导下区域神经阻滞,74例)、联合组(给予超声引导下区域神经阻滞+尼莫地平泵注,74例)。对比两组患者手术相关指标和不同时刻血流动力学指标。对比两组患者术中血流动力学异常和药物使用情况。对比两组患者不同时刻疼痛评分、应激反应指标、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平。对比两组患者药物相关不良反应。结果 两组患者手术时间、睁眼时间和拔除喉罩时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。联合组丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼使用量少于对照组(P <0.05)。两组患者T0、T1、T2及T3时SBP、DBP、HR、MAP比较,结果:(1)不同时间点的SBP、DBP、HR、MAP比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=10.038、8.416、8.035和7.549,均P <0.05);(2)两组患者SBP、DBP、HR、MAP比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=7.458、9.136、8.045和7.482,均P <0.05);(3)两组患者SBP、DBP、HR、MAP变化趋势比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=6.854、7.516、8.045和10.387,均P <0.05)。联合组高血压、使用降压药占比低于对照组(P <0.05)。两组患者低血压、心动过速、心动过缓、使用升压药占比比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者术后1、6、12、24和48 h的VAS评分比较,结果:(1)不同时间点VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=8.053,P <0.05);(2)两组患者VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=8.476,P <0.05),联合组低于对照组,相对镇痛效果较好;(3)两组患者VAS评分变化趋势比较,差异有统计学意义(F=7.154,P <0.05)。两组患者术前、术后2 h、术后12 h和术后24 h的Cor、ANP比较,结果:(1)不同时间点的Cor、ANP比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=7.549和8.135,均P <0.05);(2)两组患者Cor、ANP比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=6.758和7.043,均P <0.05),联合组术后Cor、ANP水平低于对照组,围手术期应激反应相对较轻;(3)两组患者Cor、ANP变化趋势比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=8.146和9.257,均P <0.05)。两组患者术前、术后12 h和24 h的NSE、Hcy比较,结果:(1)不同时间点的NSE、Hcy比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=7.549和8.135,均P <0.05);(2)两组患者NSE、Hcy比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=6.758和7.043,均P <0.05),联合组术后NSE、Hcy水平低于对照组;(3)两组患者NSE、Hcy变化趋势比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=8.146和9.257,均P <0.05)。两组患者不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 老年高血压患者膝关节置换术中采用超声引导下区域神经阻滞联合尼莫地平泵注可减少麻醉药物使用量,稳定血流动力学指标,降低高血压发生率和降压药使用率,提高术后镇痛效果,抑制术后应激反应,降低NSE、Hcy水平,且安全性良好。 展开更多
关键词 区域神经阻滞 超声引导 老年人 高血压 膝关节置换 尼莫地平
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