A workfow to Predict the Present-day in-situ Stress Field in Tectonically Stable Regions

Knowledge of the present-day in-situ stress distribution is greatly import-ant for better understanding of conventional and unconventional hydro-carbon reservoirs in many aspects,e.g,reservoir management,wellbore stability asssment,etc.In tectonically stable regions,the present-day in-situ stress field in terms of stress distribution is 1argely controlled by lithological changes,which can be predicted through|a numerical simulation method incorporating specific mechanical properties of the subsurface reservoir.In this study,a workflow was presented to predict the present-day in-situ stress field based on the finite element method(FEM).Sequentially,it consists of:i)building a three-dimensional(3D)geometric framework,i)creating a 3D petrophysical parameter field,11)integrating the geometric framework with petrophysical parameters,iv)setting up a 3D heterogeneous geomechanical model,and finally,v)calculating the present-day in-situ stress distribution and calibrating the prediction with measured stress data,e.g.,results from the extended leak-off tests(XLOTs).The approach was sucessfully applied to the Block W in Ordos Basin of central China.The results indicated that the workflow and models presented in this study could be used as an effective tool to provide insights into stress perturbations in subsurface reservoirs and geological references for subsequent analysis.

A NUMERICAL METHOD ON ESTIMATION OF STABLE REGIONS OF ROTOR SYSTEMS SUPPORTED ON LUBRICATED BEARINGS

The stability degree of periodic solution of nonlinear nonautonomous system was defined by means of the Floquet theory. A method evaluating the stability degree of periodic solution based on transient response was presented by the aid of the concept of dynamic,systems or flows. The critical value of a system was determined by the condition, i.e., its stability degree equals zero. Stable regions of rotor systems with balanced and unbalanced disk supported on lubricated bearings were calculated. The study shows that stable region decreases with the increase of speed for a balanced rotor system and decreases with the increase of unbalance for an unbalanced rotor system. Stable regions of periodic solutions are less than that of equilibrium points under the same systematic conditions.

Stable isotope techniques in plant water sources:a review

The stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes widely exist in various kinds of natural water.Plants have to cope with various water sources:rainwater,soil water,groundwater,sea water,and mixtures.These are usually characterized by different isotopic signatures (18O/16O and D/H ratios).Because there are relative abundance variations in water,and plant roots do not discriminate against specific water isotopes during water uptake,hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope ratios of water within plants provide new information on water sources,interactions between plant species and water use patterns under natural conditions.At present,the measurement of δD,δ18O composition of various potential water sources and stem water has become significant means to identify plant water sources.Based on previous studies,this review highlights recent advances such as theory basis,methodology,as well as different spatial and temporal scales,and existed questions and prospects.Stable isotope techniques for estimating plant water sources have provided valuable tools for conducting basic and applied research.Future studies emphasize the modification of preparing methods,isotope technique combined with other measurements,and aerial organs of plant water source should be en-couraged.

黑龙滩水库消落带植被恢复模式对土壤水稳性团聚体组成及其稳定性的影响

[目的]为阐明水库消落带不同植被恢复模式对土壤水稳性团聚体组成及其稳定性的影响。[方法]以川中丘陵区黑龙滩水库消落带人工恢复与自然恢复植被下的土壤为研究对象,利用湿筛法测定分析土壤水稳性团聚体组成特征及其稳定性指标。[结果]消落带土壤>0.25 mm水稳性大团聚体含量与未淹水对照相比降低4.21%,其中,自然恢复植被下土壤水稳性大团聚体含量较对照下降12.27%,人工恢复植被下大团聚体含量较对照增加3.84%;不同植被恢复模式下土壤水稳性团聚体组成差异显著(p<0.05),人工恢复植被下土壤大团聚体含量(69.48%)显著高于自然恢复模式(43.20%);消落带土壤水稳性团聚体稳定性随水位高程增加而升高,团聚体稳定性指标>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量(R_(0.25))、平均重量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径(GMD)人工恢复模式下均大于自然恢复模式,团聚体分形维数(D)、土壤可蚀性因子(K)与团聚体破坏率(PAD)人工恢复模式小于自然恢复模式,表明人工恢复模式下土壤水稳性团聚体稳定性、土壤抗蚀性高于自然恢复模式。[结论]黑龙滩水库消落带在淹水后土壤团聚体稳定性下降,但人工恢复模式能有效改善土壤团粒结构,研究结果可为黑龙滩水库消落带土壤结构稳定性评价及植被恢复提供科学依据。

辽西半干旱区玉米花生间作对不同降水年型下产量与水分利用效率的影响

针对辽西半干旱地区降雨不足、水资源分布不均等问题,筛选出更具有韧性的适应气候变化的种植模式,通过田间试验,以玉米(MS)和花生(PS)单作为对照,研究玉米花生2行/2行(M2P2)、玉米花生4行/4行(M4P4)和玉米花生8行/8行(M8P8)这3种间作种植模式对不同降水年型下的产量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:不同降水年型中玉米花生间作LER均大于1,3年M2P2、M4P4和M8P8处理土地当量比(land equivalent ratio,LER)分别为1.02~1.08,1.10~1.15,1.07~1.08,表明能够提高农田的生产力。随着间作条带宽度增加,玉米的间作优势和花生的间作劣势均减弱。玉米具有边行优势,花生则存在边行劣势,同一间作处理中边1行玉米产量显著高于其他边行和玉米单作,边1行花生产量则显著低于其他边行和花生单作。发挥玉米的边行优势,降低花生的边行劣势,是实现玉米花生间作高产高效的重要途径。玉米花生间作具有稳产性,其主要原因是不同降水年型的间作玉米产量以及收获指数差异不显著。随着间作带幅变小间作玉米收获指数、单位面积穗数、穗粒数和百粒重有增加趋势,而间作花生则下降。不同降水年份间,玉米单位面积穗数和穗粒数、花生单位面积荚数和荚粒数差异显著,玉米和花生百粒重差异不显著。不同降水年型中M4P4的LER和WER均最高(1.09~1.15),是适宜在辽西半干旱地区的间作种植模式。

雾霾天气下交通信号灯的识别

针对雾霾天气下交通信号灯定位准确率较低、图像增强时出现图像亮度不均匀的问题,该文提出一种基于改进的带色彩恢复的多尺度视网膜增强(Multi-Scale Retinex with Color Restoration,MSRCR)的雾霾天气下信号灯识别算法。首先利用改进的MSRCR算法对有雾图像进行预处理,校正图像亮度并丰富图像细节;再利用最大稳定极值区域(Maximally Stable Extremal Regions,MSER)算法以及信号灯的背板信息确定信号灯的位置;最后将定位区域转换至HSV空间进行信号灯识别。结果表明,该方法能够在雾霾条件下有效地定位及识别交通信号灯。

基于长记忆性的资产定价模型研究

建立了基于长记忆性的资产定价模型,考虑做市商通过调节过去的过剩需求比例的决策来出清市场价格,利用离散动力系统的稳定性和分支理论,讨论了不动点的存在性以及参数对模型稳定性的影响,重点讨论了记忆参数的改变对模型稳定区域的影响,并通过数值模拟得到:当记忆参数在一定区间内变化时,稳定区域会随着记忆参数的增大而增大,记忆参数的增大会减小股票市场的价格波动.

新疆塔乌尔别克金矿矿床地质及稳定同位素地球化学特征

新疆塔乌尔别克金矿位于西天山吐拉苏断陷盆地,与阿希金矿相邻。金矿体主要赋存于下石炭统大哈拉军山组第五岩性段的火山岩类中,受4个环形构造及伴生的线性构造控制。本文在阐述塔乌尔别克金矿床地质特征的基础上,论述了金矿石的碳、氢、氧、硫、铅等稳定同位素地球化学特征。认为成矿流体中的碳的主要为岩浆来源,但是较为复杂,部分受到深部碳酸盐岩同位素交换的影响;成矿流体中的水源来自岩浆热液和大气降水的混合;矿石中的硫来自于深部岩浆;铅则显示造山带的特征,主要来自上地壳。分析稳定同位素特征,结合矿床地质特征,塔乌尔别克金矿的矿床类型确定为低硫型浅成低温热液斑岩型金矿。矿床稳定同位素的研究不仅能深化矿床地质的研究,还可对进一步的找矿工作提供珍贵信息。

Research on Safety and Stability of Regional Power Grids to the Year 2020

The safety and stability study on Northeast, North, East, Northwest and Central China power grids had been carried out, which provided technical supports to planning design of regional power grids. By analyzing safety and stability under severe faults in regional power grids, revealed weaknesses on power grid configurations and measures for preventing from loss of stability were presented. In comparison of various schemes of power system safety and stability among parts of power grids, more than two recommended schemes can be chosen as reference in planning design for regional power grids. Considering the safety and stability control measures necessary for each power grids, it is believed the trunk networks of all power grids can fulfill the third criteria of Guideline for Power System Safety and Stability, while the weakness and predominated hydropower may deteriorate safety and stability of power grids. The power grid shall be regulated in line with the variation of boundary conditions.

基于Sobol方法阻抗灵敏度分析的双馈风机系统次同步振荡参数协调优化

针对经串补并网双馈风机系统次同步振荡(subsynchronous oscillation,SSO)存在多控制环节参与、多参数耦合难以分析的问题,提出基于Sobol方法的双馈风机阻抗灵敏度分析及参数协调优化方法。首先,根据电压空间矢量阻抗法建立双馈感应发电机与转子侧换流器(rotor-side converter,RSC)数学模型,推导包含转子侧控制环节的双馈风机系统等效阻抗解析表达式;其次,利用Sobol方法进行阻抗灵敏度分析,量化各参数的影响,并计算评价各参数间耦合关系的量化指标;然后,得到考虑多影响因素的参数联合调整稳定域,提出了多参数的协调优化策略;最后,在MATLAB/Simulink搭建了双馈风机经串补并网的仿真模型,验证了联合参数调整稳定域以及协调优化策略的正确性。

基于R语言GGE双标图的辽宁地区薄皮甜瓜品种2年区域试验产量分析

为了综合评价2年甜瓜区域试验品种基因型及基因与环境的互作关系,为甜瓜品种区域试验和育种工作提供理论依据,应用GGE双标图对2年甜瓜区域试验品种多点产量数据进行分析。结果表明,堪甜98和金凤凰9号是兼具丰产性和稳产性,并具有广泛适应性的优良甜瓜品种。试点分析表明,5个试点存在或强或弱的正向相关性,2020年和2021年5个试点分为2个和3个生态亚区。2020年盘锦、2021年沈阳试点是兼备区分力和代表性的较为理想的试点环境,可以用于筛选高产稳产甜瓜品种;丹东试点是具备强区分力的种植环境,可以用来淘汰不稳定甜瓜品种,但是不能筛选稳产的优良品种。GGE双标图能直观展示甜瓜品种的丰产性和稳产性,确认参试品种的生态适应区域,鉴别试点环境的区分能力和目标生态区的代表性,在甜瓜的种植推广工作中具备一定的参考价值。

Variations of stable isotopic compositions in precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent regions

There is no temperature effect in the southern Tibetan Plateau and South Asia to the south of the Tanggula Mountains. Amount effect has been observed at a few sampling stations accounting for about a half of the statistical stations. There is notable temperature effect in the middle and northern Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent Central Asia to the north of the Tanggula Mountains. Because vapor directly originates from low-latitude oceans, the relative heavy ( 18O with small variation characterizes the rainfall in South Asia. A sharp depletion of the stable isotopic compositions in precipitation takes place from Kyangjin on the southern slope of the Himalayas to the Tanggula Mountains in the middle plateau. From the Tanggula Mountains to the northern Tibetan Plateau, the ( 18O in precipitation increases with increasing latitude.

Assessment of the sources and transformations of nitrogen in a plain river network region using a stable isotope approach

The great spatial and temporal variability in hydrological conditions and nitrogen（N）processing introduces large uncertainties to the identification of N sources and quantifying N cycles in plain river network regions. By combining isotopic data with chemical and hydrologic measurements, we determined the relative importance of N sources and biogeochemical N processes in the Taige River in the East Plain Region of China. The river was polluted more seriously by anthropogenic inputs in winter than in summer. Manure and urban sewage effluent were the main nitrate（NO-3） sources, with the nitrification of N-containing organic materials serving as another important source of NO-3. In the downstream, with minor variations in hydrological conditions, nitrification played a more important role than assimilation for the decreasing ammonium（NH＋4-N） concentrations.The N isotopic enrichment factors（ε） during NH＋4utilization ranged from- 13.88‰ in March to- 29.00‰ in July. The ratio of the increase in δ^18O and δ^15N of river NO-3in the downstream was 1.04 in January and 0.92 in March. This ratio indicated that NO-3assimilation by phytoplankton was responsible for the increasing δ^15N and δ^18O values of NO-3in winter. The relationships between δ^15N of particulate organic nitrogen and isotopic compositions of dissolved inorganic nitrogen indicated that the phytoplankton in the Taige River probably utilized NH＋4preferentially and mainly in summer, while in winter, NO-3assimilation by phytoplankton was dominant.

Metallogenic Age and Ore-forming Material Sources of the Dahongshan Fe-Cu Deposit,Yunnan Province:Insights from Molybdenite Re-Os Dating and H-O-S-Pb Isotopes

The Dahongshan Fe-Cu(-Au)deposit is a superlarge deposit in the Kangdian metallogenic belt,southwestern China,comprising approximately 458 Mt of Fe ores(40%Fe)and 1.35 Mt Cu.Two main types of Fe-Cu(-Au)mineralization are present in the Dahongshan deposit:(1)early submarine volcanic exhalation and sedimentary mineralization characterized by strata-bound fine-grained magnetite and banded Fe-Cu sulfide(pyrite and chalcopyrite)hosted in the Na-rich metavolcanic rocks;(2)late hydrothermal(-vein)type mineralization characterized by Fe-Cu sulfide veins in the hosted strata or massive coarse-grained magnetite orebodies controlled by faults.While previous studies have focused primarily on the early submarine volcanic and sedimentary mineralization of the deposit,data related to late hydrothermal mineralization is lacking.In order to establish the metallogenic age and ore-forming material source of the late hydrothermal(-vein)type mineralization,this paper reports the Re-Os dating of molybdenite from the late hydrothermal vein Fe-Cu orebody and H,O,S,and Pb isotopic compositions of the hydrothermal quartz-sulfide veins.The primary aim of this study was to establish the metallogenic age and ore-forming material source of the hydrothermal type orebody.Results show that the molybdenite separated from quartz-sulfide veins has a Re-Os isochron age of 831±11 Ma,indicating that the Dahongshan Fe-Cu deposit experienced hydrothermal superimposed mineralization in Neoproterozoic.The molybdenite has a Re concentration of 99.7-382.4 ppm,indicating that the Re of the hydrothermal vein ores were primarily derived from the mantle.The δ^(34)S values of sulfides from the hydrothermal ores are 2‰-8‰ showing multi-peak tower distribution,suggesting that S in the ore-forming period was primarily derived from magma and partially from calcareous sedimentary rock.Furthermore,the abundance of radioactive Pb increased significantly from ore-bearing strata to layered and hydrothermal vein ores,which may be related to the later hydrothermal transformation.The composition of H and O isotopes within the hydrothermal quartz indicates that the ore-forming fluid is a mixture of magmatic water and a small quantity of water.These results further indicate that the late hydrothermal orebodies were formed by the Neoproterozoic magmatic hydrothermal event,which might be related to the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent.Mantle derived magmatic hydrothermal fluid extracted ore-forming materials from the metavolcanic rocks of Dahongshan Group and formed the hydrothermal(-vein)type Fe-Cu orebodies by filling and metasomatism.

A SYNTHESIS METHOD FOR TWO-ORDER UNCERTAIN SYSTEMS: AUTO-STABLE REGIONAPPROACH

In this paper, the variable structure control method is improved. Based on the existence and the reaching conditions for the auto-stable region of two-order systems, a new synthesis method, auto-stable region approach is presented to construct a global stabilizing feedback law by using a positive definite function and a properly selected saturated function. This new approach is robust with respect to the bounded model uncertainties and is convenient for both analysis and engineering implemelltation.

新型电力系统建设环境下的“西电东送”发展研究

随着新型电力系统建设进程不断深入,“西电东送”作为实现新能源大范围资源优化配置的有效途径,其经营发展迎来了严峻挑战和重要机遇。为此,首先综合我国新型电力系统建设的相关政策和专家观点,对新型电力系统的内涵特征进行系统分析,提出新型电力系统应以新能源为供应主体,以保障电力安全稳定供应为前提,以满足日益增长的电力需求为目标,以智能电网为枢纽平台,以源网荷储互动与多能互补为支撑,并具体提出发电侧、电网侧和负荷侧的内涵特征。进而从主网架形态和规模、电网规划和投资以及跨省区输电价格机制等多个方面,分析新型电力系统的新特点给“西电东送”带来的机遇与挑战。研究得出,应逐步建立和发展适应电力系统发展的主网架形态和电网投资优化策略,结合底层技术保障“西电东送”安全稳定运行,并将原有的、仅由终端用户支付的单一制电量输电价调整为双侧付费的两部制输电价,以期助力新型电力系统建设,促进我国“双碳”目标的加速实现。

THE SELF-STABLE REGION APPROACH FOR SECOND ORDER SYSTEMS

In this paper, an inherent property that second order systems, which can bestable, have the Self-Stable Regions (SSRs) is proposed. Based on this property, a newsynthesis method-the Self--Stable Region approach is suggested for a class of second-ordernonlinear uncertain systems. The global stability of the closed-loop systems is proved.Lastly, the advantages of the SSR approach are analyzed.

多电压等级直流系统大信号稳定性分析

多电压等级直流系统已逐渐成为构建全球能源互联网的基础,但由于设备间复杂的相互作用,导致系统在大信号扰动下的暂态稳定性问题突出。本文首先对三级级联Buck变换器系统进行大信号稳定性分析,通过建立系统状态平均模型,并基于Brayton-Moser混合势函数理论提出系统的通用大信号简化模型。然后,构建系统在不同控制模式下的大信号稳定判据,分析影响系统大信号稳定性的关键参数,并给出相应的大信号稳定域。最后,通过案例分析和仿真验证了理论分析的正确性。

THE TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL VARIATION OF STABLE ISOTOPES IN PRECIPITATION ON THE TIBETAN PLATEAU AND ITS ADJACENT REGIONS

The temporal and spatial variation on the stable isotopic compositions in precipitation and the relationship with temperature,precipitation and vapor sources are analyzed for the Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent regions.There is no temperature effect in the southern Tibetan Plateau and South Asia.Amount effect has been observed at a few sampling stations that account for about a half of the statistical stations.However,the seasonal variations on the stable isotopic compositions in precipitation at those stations are inconsistent with that of precipitation intensity.There is notable temperature effect in the middle and northern Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent Northwest China.It has been observed that the seasonal variations of the δ^(18)O in precipitation are almost consistent with those of air temperature in these regions.Because vapor is directly originated from low- latitude oceans,the relative heavy δ^(18)O with small variation characterizes the rainfall in South Asia.A sharp depletion of the stable isotopic compositions in precipitation takes place from Kyangjin on the southern slop of the Himalayas to the Tanggula Mountains in the middle Plateau. The δ^(18)O reaches minimum due to very strong rainout of the vapor from oceans as the vapor rises over the Himalayas.From the Tanggula Mountains to the northern Tibetan Plateau,the δ^(18)O in precipitation increases with increasing latitude and the isotopic situation in the northern Plateau is transferred into Northwest China with little disruption.

基于MSER视频字幕敏感词过滤算法

当前网络视频中充斥着涉及敏感信息的内容且不易识别,提出了一种基于最大稳定极值区域和字典树的视频字幕敏感词过滤算法,达到对此类视频内容过滤、处理的目的。该方法采用MSER算法对文字进行检测与定位,来获得候选文字区域,然后通过使用几何和笔画宽度属性来减少这些可能区域的数量,再经过几何过滤的方法对候选区域进行筛选、优化,连接候选区域以获得文本区域,最后利用字典树算法进行敏感词过滤。实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地对视频字幕敏感信息进行检测和过滤。