Study on medication regularity of traditional Chinese medicine cases in treatment of neoplastic fever based on data mining

Objective:To analyze the medication regularity of traditional Chinese medicine cases in treatment of neoplastic fever in order to guide clinical medication.Methods:The database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Vip database and WanFang medical network were searched.The cases involving traditional Chinese medicine prescription in the treatment of neoplastic fever were screened.After extracting the prescriptions and Chinese medicines,make statistics according to frequency analysis,cluster analysis and association analysis.Results:79 literatures were included which involving 123 decoctions.221 traditionalChinese medicines were included in the statistics,the most frequently used traditional Chinese medicines were Gancao,Chaihu,Huangqi and Shengdihuang.The proportion of heat-clearing drugs in Chinese medicines was the largest(23.98%).The most common property of the Chinese medicines is cold property,accounting for 51.13%.The higher frequencies of flavors of the Chinese medicines are bitter,sweet and acrid,the sum of which is 84.66%.The most common meridian of Chinese medicines is liver meridian,accounting for 19.82%.The cluster analysis and association analysis of high frequency Chinese medicines showed that high frequency Chinese medicines could form three clustering formulas,and could get 18 pairs of high frequency drug combinations.Conclusion:Traditional Chinese medicines for heat-clearing,deficiencytonifying,phlegm-resolving,blood stasis-dispeling are mostly used to the treatment of neoplastic fever.The results of cluster analysis and association analysis of high frequency traditional Chinese medicines can provide certain reference and guidance for clinical medication.

Professor Liu Guobin used traditional Chinese medicine to cure a case of primary erythema limb pain

Primary erythema limb pain is a very rare disease,and its pathogenesis is not clear.Usually,the pain symptoms of patients exist for a long time,which seriously affect the daily life of patients and increase the economic burden of patients.Professor Liu Guobin,who has been engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral vascular diseases for nearly 30 years,believes that heat-toxin and blood stasis collaterals are closely related to the disease,and emphasizes the principle of heat-toxin and evil qi causing the disease.It is emphasized that clearing heat and detoxification,promoting blood circulation and dispersing blood stasis are the main treatment principles.This paper selects a typical case to describe Professor Liu's clinical experience in the treatment of primary erythema limb pain by oral and external use of traditional Chinese medicine,so as to provide an effective method of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of primary erythema limb pain.

Analogous Systems Principles and Concepts of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Congruence Couple Therapy

This article explicates the analogous principles and concepts between traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and congruence couple therapy(CCT).Although originating out of vastly different times and places,TCM and CCT share a view of health based on systems understanding to facilitate the interconnections of the parts of an organism rather than focusing on eliminating symptoms.Both approaches aim to release Qi(气)and vitality by removing blockages through adjusting the interactions,adaptation,and balance of multiple elements and Yin‑Yang energies.The goal is to liberate the Qi or life force through improved holistic balance and cooperation.While TCM focuses on interventions at the level of the body,CCT focuses on the attention,awareness,acknowledgement,and alignment of the four human dimensions consisting of the intrapsychic,interpersonal,intergenerational,and universal‑spiritual.In light of the current trend toward increasing mental,substance use,and neurological disorders,in particular among countries of middle and low income,dialogue to explore these compatibilities between TCM and CCT is conducive to the continuous evolution of TCM and Western therapies to address not only physical health but also the exigencies of contemporary addiction and mental health care within a mind–body relationship matrix.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Is Widely Used for Cardiovascular Disease

A review article by Hao et al.(J Am Coll Cardiol 2017;69(24):2952– 66)has had huge repercussions among those familiar with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in the international academic community.It evaluated the effi cacy and safety of TCM for cardiovascular disease and the pharmacological effect of active TCM ingredients on the cardiovascular system and potential mechanisms.We have several comments:Firstly,we give a brief summary addressing nonpharmacotherapy in TCM,including acupuncture,moxibustion,Qigong,and Tai Chi.Secondly,we have added traditional antiarrhythmic drug– related randomized controlled trials to make the coverage more comprehensive.Lastly,we support the concept that research into,development of,and application of active ingredients is part of modern TCM.

Published papers about Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge used in traditional Chinese medicine

Chu Kedan, Ji Guolu, Shi Hong, Xie Weirong, Zhang Yuqin, Zhang Xiaoqin. Study of the alcohol extraction process of Shenhu granules. Strait Pharmaceutical Journal, 2011, 23（03）： 21-24. Email： chukd5917@ 163.com

Research on Medication Regularity of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Hyperuricemia Patents

Objective To study the medication regularity of Chinese herbal medicines based on hyperuricemia patents. Methods Access database was established to summarzie the patents regarding hyperuricemia disclosured by State Intellectual Property Office（SIPO） of the People＇s Republic of China in 1986-2015. Statistically analysis was performed by Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System（TCMISS）. Results The literatures of Chinese herbal medicines treating hyperuricemia were 1223, and 138 papers were included by excluding and screening, and contain 282 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine. Conclusion By analyzing the frequency, efficacy, flavor, channel tropism,and composition of the herbs used, we recognize that the efficacy of herbs in curing hyperuricemia is mostly clearing heat and promoting diuresis, invigorating the circulation of blood, dispersing stasis, alleviating water retention, and reinforcing deficiency concurrently. Flavors are mostly sweet, bitter, and cold. Channel tropism is mainly to liver, spleen, stomach, lung, and kidney. It provides the medication consideration for clinical treatment of hyperuricemia.

Treating Biliary System Postoperational Complications by Syndrome Differentiation Using Traditional Chinese Medicine

The operation of the biliary system is usually employed for liver, gallbladder or pancreatic diseases. Most benign cases are cholelithiasisinduced cholecystitis and choledochitis, while malignant ones mainly include gallbladder cancers, cholangiocarcinoma orcarcinoma of the head of the pancreas.

Professor Jia Li-qun’s experience in external treatment of tumor complications based on the theory of“use communication as a complement”

The external treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine has a long history of external treatment,with the characteristics of simplicity,convenience,cheapness,and effectiveness.It also plays an important role in the treatment of malignant tumor complications.The academic idea of“Use communication as a complement”has existed since ancient times,and it still has great significance in guiding clinical treatment.Based on the theory of“Use communication as a complement”,Professor JIA Liqun used Tongluo powder to treat chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy,Wentong acupoint sticking for external treatment of cancer pain,and digestive tract reaction after chemotherapy,and achieved good clinical effects.An inspection case is attached to prove it.

THE USE OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE FOR IN VITRO FERTILIZATION IN CHINA: CLINICAL EVIDENCE

In vitro fertilization(IVF),as an important assisted reproductive technology(ART),is chosen by over l,000,000infertile couples each year,which is linked to over 3,000,000babies bom worldwide.However,an IVF cycle may be unsuccessful.The success of IVF is not guaranteed,and patients often have to undergo more than one cycle of treatment before they are successful.IVF treatment

中医药治疗冠状动脉微血管疾病证治规律及作用机制研究

目的:基于文献探讨中医药治疗冠状动脉微血管疾病(CMVD)的证治特征及用药规律,并借助网络药理学和分子对接技术探讨核心药对治疗CMVD的作用机制。方法:系统检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed数据库自建库以来至2022年11月1日收录的有关CMVD中医诊治研究的文献,对中医证治规律进行分类统计,并挖掘中药复方的核心药对,利用TCMSP、GeneCards、DisGeNET、TTD、OMIM、STRING、Metascape数据库和Cytoscape软件分析核心药对与疾病间互作关系及相关通路,最后使用分子对接技术对核心化学成分与关键靶点进行对接验证。结果:获得符合要求的文献160篇,CMVD中医证型主要为气虚血瘀证,中药复方涉及药物89味,支持度最高的药对为黄芪-丹参。黄芪-丹参中槲皮素、木犀草素、山柰酚、异鼠李素等成分可通过作用于白细胞介素6(IL6)、胱天蛋白酶3(CASP3)、缺氧诱导因子1A(HIF1A)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARG)等多个靶点影响糖尿病并发症中的晚期糖基化产物(AGE)-晚期糖基化终末产物受体(RAGE)通路、缺氧诱导因子1(HIF-1)通路、核转录因子κB(NF-κB)通路等来干预CMVD。分子对接结果显示核心活性成分与关键靶点对接良好。结论:中医药治疗CMVD多以益气活血法为主,其核心药对黄芪-丹参治疗CMVD的潜在作用机制可能与抗炎症反应、改善氧化应激、调节细胞凋亡相关。

基于数据挖掘的近30年活血化瘀药治疗肺纤维化的用药规律

目的:采用数据挖掘技术探讨活血化瘀中药(以下简称活血药)治疗肺纤维化(PF)的用药规律。方法:在8个在线数据库中检索1992年1月1日至2021年12月31日期间发表的临床研究证实有效的含活血药的方药治疗肺纤维化的文献,提取方药信息,采用SPSS Statistics 23和SPSS Modeler 18.0统计软件进行频次统计、聚类分析、因子分析和关联规则分析。结果:共纳入324篇文献,其中活血药丹参、当归、川芎、桃仁、地龙使用频次最高;其他类药物中补虚药使用频次最高。高频活血药聚类分析聚为4类为宜,因子分析提取到5个公因子。对活血药进行关联规则分析,得到关联规则6条;以活血药为前项,其他类药物为后项,得到关联规则16条。结论:在使用活血药治疗PF时,常采用养血、活血、破血、虫类搜剔等相结合的治法,多与补气药、补阴药、止咳化痰平喘药等配伍,补虚泻实以复其源。

中药治疗肝肾亏虚型膝骨关节炎的用药规律研究

目的:基于数据挖掘技术探究运用中药复方治疗肝肾亏虚型膝骨关节炎(KOA)的组方用药规律。方法:通过检索中国知网(CNKI)数据库中内服中药治疗肝肾亏虚型KOA的文献,筛选出符合纳入排除标准的方药内容录入Excel2019进行整理统计,使用SPSS Modeler 18.0进行关联规则分析,SPSS Statistics 26.0进行聚类分析。结果:纳入文献共62篇,涉及中药134味,使用频次≥13的药物共18味;前五位高频中药为牛膝、当归、熟地黄、杜仲、甘草;药物性味以甘温为主,归经多为肝、肾经。通过关联规则分析得到115条结果,其中两项关联支持度最高的为当归-牛膝;三项关联支持度最高的为白芍-当归-牛膝;四项关联支持度最高的为甘草-当归-牛膝-川芎。通过聚类分析将高频药物分成三类,第一类为秦艽、细辛、防风、川芎、独活、党参、桑寄生、茯苓、甘草、当归、白芍、生地黄;第二类为山茱萸、枸杞子、淫羊藿;第三类为熟地黄、杜仲、牛膝。结论:通过口服中药的方法治疗肝肾亏虚型KOA时,应以补益肝肾、活血化瘀为主,根据临床症状表现适当辅以祛风除湿、补益气血、收敛固涩的药物。

基于数据挖掘探讨古今医家治疗乳腺癌的用药规律及差异

目的探讨古今医家运用中医药治疗乳腺癌的处方用药规律及差异。方法古方以鼎秀古籍全文检索平台、中医药基本古籍数据库(博古通儒)、古今医案云平台为检索来源;今方以中国知网数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普数据库(VIP)为检索来源,筛选建库至2022年9月发表文章中涉及的治疗乳腺癌方剂。应用古今医案云平台对纳入方剂包含的中药进行频次、性味归经、关联分析、复杂网络分析和聚类分析。结果古今医家治疗乳腺癌使用频次靠前的中药均有当归、甘草、白芍、茯苓、白术,均为温、平、寒性,甘、苦、辛味药物应用较多,归经以脾、肝、肺经较多。古代医家治疗乳腺癌的高频药对为白芍—当归,现代医家治疗乳腺癌的高频药对为白术—茯苓。复杂网络分析显示,古代医家治疗乳腺癌的核心处方为“白术、茯苓、白芍、当归、川芎、人参、熟地黄、甘草”,现代医家治疗乳腺癌的核心处方为“白术、黄芪、茯苓、当归、白芍、柴胡、党参”。聚类分析显示,古代医家治疗乳腺癌相关高频药物共得到5个新方,现代医家治疗乳腺癌相关高频药物得到3个新方。结论古今医家治疗乳腺癌均遵循“扶正固本”的原则。在此基础上,古代医家侧重健脾益气,现代医家侧重疏肝健脾。

桥本甲状腺炎并发甲状腺毒症人群临床症状及证型分布规律研究

背景中国传统医学对桥本甲状腺炎并发甲状腺毒症的发生、发展和诊疗已经有了系统的认识,但是目前关于本病人群中医临床症状和证型分布情况研究甚少,国家行业标准中亦缺乏关于本病的证型分布及证候诊断标准的描述。目的运用因子分析联合聚类分析探讨桥本甲状腺炎并发甲状腺毒症人群临床症状及证型分布规律,为临床辨证提供依据,促进桥本甲状腺炎并发甲状腺毒症证候标准化研究。方法收集2020年12月—2021年12月就诊于北京中医药大学东直门医院东城院区、通州院区、北京中医药大学孙思邈医院甲状腺病科门诊符合诊断标准的171例桥本甲状腺炎并发甲状腺毒症患者,使用《桥本甲状腺炎并发甲状腺毒症中医四诊信息采集表》对症状/体征、舌、脉等四诊信息进行采集,基于因子分析和聚类分析研究桥本甲状腺炎并发甲状腺毒症的症状及证型分布规律。结果171例桥本甲状腺炎并发甲状腺毒症患者中男17例、女154例,平均年龄(39.98±13.30)岁,其中20~60岁患者占87.72%。症状分布方面出现频率较高的症状有神疲乏力、心慌心悸、烦躁或急躁易怒,体征有颈前肿大、手指震颤,频率较高的舌象有舌红、舌瘦薄和舌有齿痕,苔质为苔白和苔薄,脉象是脉弦、脉数。收集调查表的82个四诊条目因子分析,提取出25个公因子,累计方差贡献率为70.562%,筛选出具有意义的症状62项。利用因子分析得到的25个公因子结果作为变量对其进行R型系统聚类分析,共得到5类证候分型,分别是:肝郁痰凝证、阴虚火旺证、脾肾阳虚证、肝郁气滞证、气阴两虚证。结论桥本甲状腺炎并发甲状腺毒症的基本中医证候可分为肝郁痰凝证、阴虚火旺证、脾肾阳虚证、肝郁气滞证、气阴两虚证。

基于数据挖掘探讨中医药治疗围绝经期综合征的用药规律

目的探讨中医药治疗围绝经期综合征(perimenopausal syndrome,PMS)的用药规律。方法检索中国知网、万方数据和维普数据库2014年1月至2024年1月发表的关于中医药治疗PMS的临床研究文献,并对所有药物进行频次、性味、归经等分析,运用SPSS Modeler 18.0软件进行数据挖掘,确定核心药物组合并进行聚类分析。结果共纳入142篇文献,包含方剂142首,中药139味,用药频次总计1555次,其中使用频数≥20次的药物26味。药物功效以补虚药、清热药为主,药性以寒性为主,药味以甘味居多,多归于肝、肾、脾经。关联规则分析得到5个常用药对;聚类分析得到3个常用药物组方。结论PMS以肾虚为本,病机为肾阴不足、肝失疏泄、脾胃失养,治疗以补益肝肾、滋阴清热为主,辅以调和脏腑。

基于数据挖掘分析孙宏新治疗肺癌用药规律

目的:收集孙宏新主任医师门诊使用中药治疗肺癌相关病例,采用数据挖掘技术,探讨其临床使用中医药治疗肺癌的用药规律,为临床治疗肺癌提供借鉴。方法:收集、整理孙宏新主任医师使用中医药治疗肺癌的门诊病例,建立肺癌病案数据库,对处方数据中所使用的中药进行频数统计、药物关联分析、聚类分析、因子分析。结果:此次纳入病案369例、总计1009诊次,涉及374味中药(累计频次19080次),分析得到仙鹤草、甘草、紫苏梗、半夏、蜀羊泉、合欢皮等20个高频中药,聚类识别为经典方“六君子汤、逍遥散”和孙宏新主任医师自拟经验方“二金合欢皮汤”;中药性味归经分析:四气以温、平、寒为主,五味以甘、苦、辛为主,归经以肺、脾、肝经为主;对高频中药进行相关性分析:药物-药物关联分析得到4个核心药组;聚类分析得到4类药物组方;因子分析提出3个公因子。结论:孙宏新主任医师治疗肺癌以补虚扶正、抗癌解毒为主;从肺、脾、肝入手,辅以理气止咳化痰、并健脾补肺疏肝,意在培土生金、兼疏肝郁,寓攻于补,攻补兼施。可见孙宏新主任医师治疗肺癌秉持维持机体内“平衡”,在抗癌的同时,重视缓解患者痛苦,保存患者体力,延长生存期的学术特点。

基于CiteSpace的中医药治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化心脏病文献计量学及可视化分析

目的:运用文献计量学探索1994—2022年中医药治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化心脏病(冠心病)的研究概况、相关热点及未来发展趋势。方法:检索中国知网(CNKI)建库至2022年5月公开发表的中医药治疗冠心病领域相关文献,运用NoteExpress查重、梳理后,通过CiteSpace 5.8.R3对该领域所纳入文献的发文作者、科研机构以及关键词进行知识图谱绘制与分析。结果:共纳入603篇文献,该领域年发文量整体呈现曲折上升趋势,发文量为13篇的王阶成为该领域的最高产作者,核心作者共计27位,中国中医科学院及其二级医院为发文量较多的研究团体,形成复方、补气剂、中药等高中介中心性关键词,形成冠心病、心绞痛、用药规律等10个不同聚类,近年来突现强度最大的4个突现词为用药规律、数据挖掘、安全性、Meta分析。结论:通过知识图谱的形式直观展示了中医药防治冠心病研究领域28年内的研究概况,揭示当前该领域的核心作者,分析研究现况、预测热点趋势,为该领域研究提供参考与借鉴。

300例射血分数保留心力衰竭患者的中医证候分布规律

目的基于射血分数保留心力衰竭(heart failure with preserved ejection fraction,HFpEF)基本证候要素的病证结合诊断标准分析HFpEF的证候特征及分布规律。方法纳入300例符合标准的HFpEF患者,收集证候诊断所需信息及相关临床资料,统计单个证素、证素组合的频数分布,并采用两步聚类法探讨主要证型的划分。结果(1)300例HFpEF患者单个证素的出现频率依次为:气虚(97.0%)、血瘀(92.7%)、水饮(79.7%)、痰浊(55.0%)、阴虚(44.7%)、阳虚(36.3%)。(2)同时具有4证素和5证素的患者最多,分别占39.0%和30.3%。(3)患者以虚实夹杂证(94.0%)为主,纯虚证(3.0%)和纯实证(3.0%)较少。(4)300例患者共出现15种证素组合,通过两步聚类可分为8类,每类患者均有气虚、血瘀。结论HFpEF的病机关键为气虚、血瘀、水饮,气虚是始动因素,气虚血瘀为基本证候,可分为气虚血瘀、气阴两虚血瘀、阳气亏虚血瘀和阴阳两虚血瘀4种证型。

基于数据挖掘探讨刘光珍治疗肾性蛋白尿的用药规律

目的:探讨刘光珍教授治疗肾性蛋白尿的用药规律,总结归纳其学术思想。方法:收集整理刘光珍教授2021年10月至2023年4月治疗肾性蛋白尿的有效病案和处方资料。通过Excel 2022统计病例的基本情况、证型及药物频数、功效、性味、归经,建立处方数据库。运用SPSS Modeler 18.0和SPSS Statistics 23.0软件对高频药物展开关联规则分析、聚类分析和因子分析。结果:共收集刘光珍教授治疗肾性蛋白尿处方201份,包含174味中药。患者证候分型以脾肾亏虚证最常见,其次为瘀血证、湿热证、水湿证、肾阴阳两虚证和气阴两虚证。使用频数前5位的中药为黄芪、炒白术、防风、豆蔻、砂仁。药性以温、平性为主;药味主要为甘、苦和辛味;归经以脾经为主,其次为肝、肺、肾经。关联规则分析得到24项常用药对,聚类分析得到4类药物组合,因子分析得到5个公因子。结论:刘光珍教授治疗肾性蛋白尿以温补脾肾为核心思想,以补肾健脾方为基础方随症化裁,并配伍活血化瘀、行气化湿、利水通淋之品,标本兼治。

基于中医传承辅助平台研究寒湿痹阻型膝骨关节炎的用药规律

目的:膝骨关节炎是一种常见的退行性疾病,以膝关节周围骨质增生、软骨磨损为主要表现的病理表现,影像学表现主要为关节间隙狭窄、骨质增生、软骨下骨质硬化等。随着我国老龄化社会现状日益加重,膝骨关节炎发病率及人民的疾病负担也会随之增高。本研究基于中医传承辅助平台V2.5分析寒湿痹阻型膝骨关节炎的用药规律,探求中医中药个性化、阶梯化治疗,可为中医骨伤科临床提供参考。方法:整理在中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普、万方数据库中治疗寒湿痹阻型膝骨关节炎的内服方剂;应用中医传承辅助平台管理系统V2.5构建组方数据库;并利用该平台的关联规则Apriori算法、改进的互信息法、复杂系统熵聚类等方法进行数据统计和分析。结果:共纳入处方49首,包含中药109味。处方中使用频次≥12的中药18味;其中温性药使用频次最高;归经以肝经、脾经、肾经为主。频次≥12的药物组合28个;衍化得到核心药物组合10个,新方5个。结论:寒湿痹阻型膝骨关节炎的外邪主要为寒邪、湿邪入侵。寒湿痹阻型膝骨关节炎用药以祛风湿、补肝肾、强筋骨及健脾化湿等中药配伍为主,其组方多为温经散寒、养血通脉的组方规律。