Aggregator-based demand response mechanism for electric vehicles participating in peak regulation in valley time of receiving-end power grid

With the increase in the power receiving proportion and an insufficient peak regulation capacity of the local units, the receiving-end power grid struggles to achieve peak regulation in valley time. To solve this problem while considering the potential of the large-scale charge load of electric vehicles(EVs), an aggregator-based demand response(DR) mechanism for EVs that are participating in the peak regulation in valley time is proposed in this study. In this aggregator-based DR mechanism, the profits for the power grid’s operation and the participation willingness of the EV owners are considered. Based on the characteristics of the EV charging process and the day-ahead unit generation scheduling, a rolling unit commitment model with the DR is established to maximize the social welfare. In addition, to improve the efficiency of the optimization problem solving process and to achieve communication between the independent system operator(ISO) and the aggregators, the clustering algorithm is utilized to extract typical EV charging patterns. Finally, the feasibility and benefits of the aggregator-based DR mechanism for saving the costs and reducing the peak-valley difference of the receiving-end power grid are verified through case studies.

Regulation of Flowering Time by MicroRNAs

The shoot apical meristem（SAM） continuously produces lateral organs in plants.Based on the identity of the lateral organs,the life cycle of a plant can be divided into two phases： vegetative and reproductive.The SAM produces leaves during the vegetative phase,whereas it gives rise to flowers in the reproductive phase（reviewed in Poethig,2003）.The floral transition,namely the switch from vegetative to reproductive growth,

Arabidopsis PWWP domain proteins mediate H_3K_(27) trimethylation on FLC and regulate flowering time

LHP1 mediates recruitment of the PRC2 histone methyltransferase complex to chromatin and thereby facilitates maintenance of H3K27me3 on FLC, a key flowering repressor gene. Here, we report that the PWWP domain proteins （PDPs） interact with FVE and MSI5 to suppress FLC expression and thereby promote flowering. We demonstrated that FVE, MSI5, and PDP3 were co-purified with LHP1. The H3K27me3 level on FLC was decreased in the pdp mutants as welt as in the fve/ msi5 double mutant. This study suggests that PDPs function together with FVE and MSI5 to regulate the function of the PRC2 complex on FLC.

Time to Regulate

As multinationals flock to China, the counhy has become the world’s largest recipient of foreign direct investment. Undoubtedly, foreign investment has played an important and positive role in China’s development in many areas, including economic growth, social proyess,