Milk fat globule membrane supplementation protects againstβ-lactoglobul-ininduced food allergy in mice via upregulation of regulatory T cells and enhancement of intestinal barrier in a microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids manner

Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects and possible underlying mechanisms of MFGM on cow’s milk allergy(CMA)in aβ-lactoglobulin(BLG)-induced allergic mice model.MFGM was supplemented to allergic mice induced by BLG at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight.Results demonstrated that MFGM alleviated food allergy symptoms,decreased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide,pro-inflammatory cytokines,immunoglobulin(Ig)E,Ig G1,and Th2 cytokines including interleukin(IL)-4,while increased serum levels of Th1 cytokines including interferon-γand regulatory T cells(Tregs)cytokines including IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β.MFGM modulated gut microbiota and enhanced intestinal barrier of BLG-allergic mice,as evidenced by decreased relative abundance of Desulfobacterota,Rikenellaceae,Lachnospiraceae,and Desulfovibrionaceae,while increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillaceae and Muribaculaceae,and enhanced expressions of tight junction proteins including Occludin,Claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1.Furthermore,MFGM increased fecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels,which elevated G protein-coupled receptor(GPR)43 and GPR109A expressions.The increased expressions of GPR43 and GPR109A induced CD103+dendritic cells accumulation and promoted Tregs differentiation in mesenteric lymph node to a certain extent.In summary,MFGM alleviated CMA in a BLG-induced allergic mice model through enhancing intestinal barrier and promoting Tregs differentiation,which may be correlated with SCFAs-mediated activation of GPRs.These findings suggest that MFGM may be useful as a promising functional ingredient against CMA.

Subpopulations of regulatory T cells are associated with subclinical atherosclerotic plaques,levels of LDL,and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly

Background:Atherosclerosis forms the pathological basis for the development of cardiovascular disease.Since pathological processes initially develop without clinically relevant symptoms,the identification of early markers in the subclinical stage plays an important role for initiating early interventions.There is evidence that regulatory T cells(Tregs)are involved in the development of atherosclerosis.Therefore,the present study aimed to identify and investigate associations with Tregs and their subsets in a cohort of healthy elderly individuals with and without subclinical atherosclerotic plaques(SAP).In addition,various lifestyle and risk factors,such as cardiorespiratory fitness,were investigated as associated signatures.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed in 79 participants(male:n=50;age=63.6±3.7 years;body mass index=24.9±3.1 kg/m2;mean±SD)who had no previous diagnosis of chronic disease and were not taking medication.Ultrasound of the carotids to identify SAP,cardiovascular function measurement for vascular assessment and a cardiorespiratory fitness test to determine peak oxygen uptake were performed.Additionally,tests were conducted to assess blood lipids and determine glucose levels.Immunophenotyping of Tregs and their subtypes(resting(rTregs)and effector/memory(mTregs))was performed by 8-chanel flow cytometry.Participants were categorized according to atherosclerotic plaque status.Linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between parameters.Results:SAP was detected in a total of 29 participants.The participants with plaque were older(64.8±3.6 years vs.62.9±3.5 years)and had higher peripheral systolic blood pressure(133.8±14.7 mmHg vs.125.8±10.9 mmHg).The participants with SAP were characterized by a lower percentage of rTregs(28.8%±10.7%vs.34.6%±10.7%)and a higher percentage of mTregs(40.3%±14.7%vs.30.0%±11.9%).Multiple logistic regression identified age(odds ratio(OR)=1.20(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011.42))and mTregs(OR=1.05(95%CI:1.021.10))as independent risk factors for SAP.Stepwise linear regression could reveal an association of peak oxygen uptake(β=0.441),low-density lipoprotein(LDL)(β=0.096),and SAP(β=6.733)with mTregs and LDL(β=0.104)with rTregs.Conclusion:While at an early stage of SAP,the total proportion of Tregs gives no indication of vascular changes,this is indicated by a shift in the Treg subgroups.Factors such as serum LDL or cardiopulmonary fitness may be associated with this shift and may also be additional diagnostic indicators.This could be used to initiate lifestyle-based preventive measures at an early stage,which may have a protective effect against disease progression.

Populational change of CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Treg cells is responsible for the synergistic effect of the combination of RAMP2 with baicalin in treating recurrent spontaneous abortion mouse models

Background: The absence of a safe and effective therapy for recurrent spontaneous abortion due to a maternofetal failure in immunological tolerance remains an intractable clinical obstacle for surgeons. Recently, traditional Chinese medicine has become a feasible alternative for certain diseases, including recurrent spontaneous abortion. However, because of the complex composition of the traditional Chinese medicine formula, its action mechanism remains unclear. Methods: We selected two isolated active ingredients (RAMP and baicalin) from the traditional Chinese medicine formula and used an abortion-prone CBA/J × DBA/2 model to simulate human RSA and compared the changes in fetal resorption rate, Treg cell percentage, and relevant cytokines before and after combination therapy. In addition, The mechanisms were preliminarily discussed using in vitro differentiation models. Results: In CBA/J × DBA/2 abortion-prone mice, the combination therapy resulted in a lower embryo resorption rate compared to that obtained with individual delivery of either RAMP or baicalin, thereby playing an embryo-protective role through the increase in Treg cells for the maintenance of maternal-fetal immune tolerance. In in vitro primary cell differentiation experiments, the concentration of Treg cells significantly increased from 11% to 17.9% after the combination therapy compared to that of the single administration group. Conclusion: the synergistic effects of RAMP and baicalin were responsible for Treg differentiation. The present study provides a solid basis for improving the applicability of traditional Chinese herbs in the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Imbalance of Circulating Follicular Regulatory and Follicular Helper T Cell Subpopulations Is Associated with Disease Progression and Serum CYFRA 21-1 Levels in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Objective This study aimed to investigate the changes of follicular helper T(TFH)and follicular regulatory T(TFR)cell subpopulations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and their significance.Methods Peripheral blood was collected from 58 NSCLC patients at different stages and 38 healthy controls.Flow cytometry was used to detect TFH cell subpopulation based on programmed death 1(PD-1)and inducible co-stimulator(ICOS),and TFR cell subpopulation based on cluster determinant 45RA(CD45RA)and forkhead box protein P3(FoxP3).The levels of interleukin-10(IL-10),interleukin-17a(IL-17a),interleukin-21(IL-21),and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)in the plasma were measured,and changes in circulating B cell subsets and plasma IgG levels were also analyzed.The correlation between serum cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1(CYFRA 21-1)levels and TFH,TFR,or B cell subpopulations was further explored.Results The TFR/TFH ratio increased significantly in NSCLC patients.The CD45RA^(+)FoxP3^(int) TFR subsets were increased,with their proportions increasing in stages Ⅱ to Ⅲ and decreasing in stage IV.PD-1^(+)ICOS+TFH cells showed a downward trend with increasing stages.Plasma IL-21 and TGF-β concentrations were increased in NSCLC patients compared with healthy controls.Plasmablasts,plasma IgG levels,and CD45RA^(+)FoxP3^(int) TFR cells showed similar trends.TFH numbers and plasmablasts were positively correlated with CYFRA 21-1 in stages Ⅰ-Ⅲ and negatively correlated with CYFRA 21-1 in stage IV.Conclusion Circulating TFH and TFR cell subpopulations and plasmablasts dynamically change in different stages of NSCLC,which is associated with serum CYFRA 21-1 levels and reflects disease progression.

Anti-inflammatory effect of miR-125a-5p on experimental optic neuritis by promoting the differentiation of Treg cells

Methylprednisolone pulse treatment is currently used fo r optic neuritis.It can speed visual recovery,but does not improve the ultimate visual outcomes.Recent studies have repo rted that miR-125 a-5 p has immunomodulatory effects on autoimmune diseases.However,it remains unclear whether miR-125 a-5 p has effects on optic neuritis.In this study,we used adeno-associated virus to overexpress or silence miR-125 a-5 p in mice.We found that silencing miR-125 a-5 p increased the latency of visual evoked potential and aggravated inflammation of the optic nerve.Ove rexpression of miR-125 a-5 p suppressed inflammation of the optic nerve,protected retinal ganglion cells,and increased the percentage of Treg cells.Our findings show that miR-125 a-5 p exhibits anti-inflammatory effects through promoting the diffe rentiation of Treg cells.

CD4^(+)CD25^(+) regulatory T cells decreased future liver remnant after associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy

BACKGROUND Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)is an innovative surgical approach for the treatment of massive hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),the key to successful planned stage 2 ALPPS is future liver remnant(FLR)volume growth,but the exact mechanism has not been elucidated.The correlation between regulatory T cells(Tregs)and postoperative FLR regeneration has not been reported.AIM To investigate the effect of CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Tregs on FLR regeneration after ALPPS.METHODS Clinical data and specimens were collected from 37 patients who developed massive HCC treated with ALPPS.Flow cytometry was performed to detect changes in the proportion of CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Tregs to CD4^(+)T cells in peripheral blood before and after ALPPS.To analyze the relationship between peripheral blood CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Treg proportion and clinicopathological information and liver volume.RESULTS The postoperative CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Treg proportion in stage 1 ALPPS was negatively correlated with the amount of proliferation volume,proliferation rate,and kinetic growth rate(KGR)of the FLR after stage 1 ALPPS.Patients with low Treg proportion had significantly higher KGR than those with high Treg proportion(P=0.006);patients with high Treg proportion had more severe postoperative pathological liver fibrosis than those with low Treg proportion(P=0.043).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve between the percentage of Tregs and proliferation volume,proliferation rate,and KGR were all greater than 0.70.CONCLUSION CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Tregs in the peripheral blood of patients with massive HCC at stage 1 ALPPS were negatively correlated with indicators of FLR regeneration after stage 1 ALPPS and may influence the degree of fibrosis in patients’livers.Treg percentage was highly accurate in predicting the FLR regeneration after stage 1 ALPPS.

Pien Tze Huang alleviates Concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis by regulating intestinal microbiota and memory regulatory T cells

BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine has used the drug Pien Tze Huang(PTH),a classic prescription,to treat autoimmune hepatitis(AIH).However,the precise mode of action is still unknown.AIM To investigate the mechanism of PTH in an AIH mouse model by determining the changes in gut microbiota structure and memory regulatory T(mTreg)cells functional levels.METHODS Following induction of the AIH mouse model induced by Concanavalin A(Con A),prophylactic administration of PTH was given for 10 d.The levels of mTreg cells were measured by flow cytometry,and intestinal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA analysis,while western blotting was used to identify activation of the toll-like receptor(TLR)2,TLR4/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB),and CXCL16/CXCR6 signaling pathways.RESULTS In the liver of mice with AIH,PTH relieved the pathological damage and reduced the numbers of T helper type 17 cells and interferon-γ,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-2,IL-6,and IL-21 expression.Simultaneously,PTH stimulated the abundance of helpful bacteria,promoted activation of the TLR2 signal,which may enhance Treg/mTreg cells quantity to produce IL-10,and suppressed activation of the TLR4/NF-κB and CXCL16/CXCR6 signaling pathways.CONCLUSION PTH regulates intestinal microbiota balance and restores mTreg cells to alleviate experimental AIH,which is closely related to the TLR/CXCL16/CXCR6/NF-κB signaling pathway.

ITP患者PD-1/PD-L1表达特点及其在Treg与Breg细胞之间的相互作用机制分析

目的探讨原发免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)患者细胞程序性死亡受体-1(PD-1)/细胞程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)表达特点及其在调节性T细胞(Treg)、调节性B细胞(Breg)间的相互作用。方法选取2018年12月—2022年1月在我院治疗的ITP患者106例作为观察组,其中轻度患者32例,中度患者44例,重度患者30例。同时选取同期健康志愿者100例作为对照组。检测两组Treg细胞百分比、Breg细胞百分比、Treg细胞表面PD-1阳性率、Breg细胞表面PD-L1阳性率等,同时分析观察组不同病情程度患者各指标差异。结果观察组Breg细胞百分比、Treg细胞百分比、TGF-β、IL-10和IL-4水平均明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组Treg细胞表面PD-1阳性率、Breg细胞表面PD-L1阳性率、可溶性程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1(sPD-1)和IL-17水平均明显高于对照组(均P<0.05);两组可溶性程序性细胞死亡蛋白配体-1(sPD-L1)水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组重度患者Breg细胞百分比、Treg细胞百分比均明显低于轻度和中度患者(均P<0.05),而Treg细胞表面PD-1阳性率、Breg细胞表面PD-L1阳性率均明显高于轻度和中度患者(均P<0.05)。Treg细胞表面PD-1阳性率与Breg细胞表面PD-L1阳性率呈正相关(r=0.446,P<0.05)。观察组治疗后Breg细胞百分比、Treg细胞百分比、TGF-β、IL-10和IL-4水平有所升高(P<0.05),而Treg细胞表面PD-1阳性率、Breg细胞表面PD-L1阳性率、sPD-1和IL-17水平有所降低(P<0.05),治疗前后sPD-L1水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论ITP患者Treg细胞表面PD-1和Breg细胞表面PD-L1阳性率明显升高,与患者病情严重程度呈正相关,同时Treg细胞表面PD-1和Breg细胞表面PD-L1表达之间存在相关性。

Periostin、Notch1、维生素D与自身免疫性甲状腺炎淋巴细胞浸润程度、Treg/Th17的相关性研究

目的探讨骨外膜素(Periostin)、Notch跨膜受体-1(Notch1)m RNA、维生素D(VitD)与自身免疫性甲状腺炎(AIT)淋巴细胞浸润程度、调节性T细胞/辅助性T细胞17(Treg/Th17)的相关性。方法选取2021年7月至2023年12月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的92例AIT患者纳入AIT组,另选取同期50例无甲状腺疾病的健康人群纳入对照组。比较两组受检者的淋巴细胞浸润程度及抗体水平,采用Spearman、Pearson相关系数分析淋巴细胞浸润程度、Treg/Th17与甲状腺功能、抗体水平的相关性,比较两组受检者的Periostin、Notch1 m RNA、VitD及Treg/Th17,采用Pearson相关系数分析Periostin、Notch1 mRNA、VitD与淋巴细胞浸润程度及Treg/Th17的相关性。结果AIT组患者的CD3~+、CD3~+CD4~+、CD4~+CD25~+CD127~-、TgAb、TPOAb、TRAb水平及甲亢/亚临床甲亢、甲减/亚临床甲减患者占比明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关系数分析结果显示,CD3~+(r=0.579、0.602、0.563)、CD3+CD4+(r=0.612、0.637、0.606)、CD~4+CD25~+CD127~-(r=0.655、0.643、0.687)与TgAb、TPOAb、TRAb呈正相关(P<0.05);AIT组患者的Periostin、Notch1 m RNA分别为(4.27±1.40)μg/L、1.73±0.56,明显高于对照组的(2.86±0.49)μg/L、1.02±0.14,VitD、Treg/Th17分别为(17.82±5.09)ng/mL、2.82±0.97,明显低于对照组的(22.30±3.76)ng/mL、12.36±2.03,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关系数分析结果显示,Periostin(r=0.792、0.811、0.737)、Notch1 mRNA(r=0.812、0.775、0.792)与CD3+、CD3+CD4+、CD4+CD25+CD127-呈正相关(P<0.05),VitD(r=-0.687、-0.753、-0.799)与之呈负相关(P<0.05),且Periostin(r=-0.823)、Notch1 m RNA(r=-0.772)与Treg/Th17呈负相关(P<0.05),VitD(r=0.745)与之呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论Periostin、Notch1 mRNA在AIT患者血清中表达上调,VitD表达下调,各指标与AIT淋巴细胞浸润程度及Treg/Th17均具有一定相关性,可为临床判断病情提供参考,并对后续临床治疗具有一定指导价值。

非剥脱点阵激光联合侧柏叶酊对斑秃小鼠IL-7/IL-7Rα信号通路和Tregs细胞亚群的影响

目的:研究1565 nm非剥脱点阵激光联合侧柏叶酊(Platycladus orientalis tincture,POT)对斑秃(Alopecia areata,AA)小鼠治疗作用以及对白细胞介素7(Interleukin 7,IL-7)/白细胞介素7受体α(Interleukin-7 receptorα,IL-7Rα)信号通路和调节性T细胞(Regulatory T cells,Tregs)亚群的影响。方法:将50只成年雄性C3H/HeJ小鼠随机分为对照组(C组),模型组[M组,环磷酰胺(Cyclophosphamide,CTX)诱导AA模型],M+1565 nm组(1565 nm非剥脱点阵激光治疗AA),M+POT组(POT治疗AA)、M+1565 nm+POT组(1565 nm非剥脱点阵激光联合POT治疗AA),每组10只。流式细胞术检测C组和M组皮损组织中Tregs细胞亚群的比例和所有组血液中单个核细胞中Tregs细胞亚群的比例。Western blot法检测各组小鼠皮损组织中IL-7和IL-7Rα的表达。结果:与C组比,M组皮肤组织IL-7和IL-7Rα的表达均明显增加,而且Tregs细胞比例明显减少(P<0.05)。与M组比,M+1565 nm组和M+POT组IL-7的表达均降低(P<0.05)。与M组比,M+1565 nm+POT组IL-7和IL-7Rα的表达均降低,且Tregs细胞比例都显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:1565 nm非剥脱点阵激光联合POT治疗可以抑制斑秃小鼠IL-7/IL-7Rα信号并减少Tregs细胞的比例。

苦参碱调节RhoA-ROCK信号通路对冠心病模型大鼠Th17/Treg细胞平衡的影响

目的探讨苦参碱(Matrine)对冠心病(coronary heart disease,CHD)大鼠辅助T细胞17(helper T cell 17,Th17)/调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Treg)细胞平衡及Ras同源基因家族成员A(RhoA)-Rho相关的卷曲螺旋激酶(ROCK)信号通路的影响。方法建立冠心病模型,将实验大鼠分为对照组、模型组、苦参碱低剂量(50 mg·kg^(-1))组、苦参碱高剂量(200 mg·kg^(-1))组及苦参碱高剂量(200 mg·kg^(-1))+LPA组(10 mg·kg^(-1))。超声心动图进行大鼠心功能检测;酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)法进行白细胞介素17(IL-17)、转化生长因子β(TGF-β)水平检测;流式细胞术检测Th17、Treg数量及Th17/Treg比值;免疫组化进行内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)、内皮素1(ET-1)蛋白表达水平检测;Masson染色进行大鼠心肌组织的病理形态变化观察;TTC染色检测各组大鼠心肌梗死情况;TUNEL染色进行心肌组织中细胞凋亡情况检测;试剂盒检测RhoA活性;Western Blot法进行半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(Caspase-3)、B细胞淋巴瘤因子2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、RhoA、ROCK1、ROCK2蛋白表达水平检测。结果与对照组比较,模型组心肌组织有大量蓝色胶原纤维沉积,左室舒张末期容积(left ventricular end-diastolic volume,LVEDV)、左室收缩末期容积(left ventricular end-systolic volume,LVESV)、IL-17、Th17、Th17/Treg、ET-1、心肌梗死面积、细胞凋亡率、TUNEL阳性率、Bax、Caspase-3、RhoA活性、RhoA、ROCK1、ROCK2表达水平明显升高,左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左室缩短分数(left ventricular shortening fraction,LVFS)、TGF-β、Treg、eNOS、Bcl-2表达水平明显降低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,Matrine-L组、苦参碱高剂量组心肌组织蓝色胶原纤维逐渐减少,LVEDV、LVESV、IL-17、Th17、Th17/Treg、ET-1、心肌梗死面积、细胞凋亡率、TUNEL阳性率、Bax、Caspase-3、RhoA活性、RhoA、ROCK1、ROCK2表达水平依次明显降低,LVEF、LVFS、TGF-β、Treg、eNOS、Bcl-2表达水平依次明显升高(P<0.05)。与苦参碱高剂量组比较,苦参碱高剂量+LPA组心肌组织蓝色胶原纤维增多,LVEDV、LVESV、IL-17、Th17、Th17/Treg、ET-1、心肌梗死面积、细胞凋亡率、TUNEL阳性率、Bax、Caspase-3、RhoA活性、RhoA、ROCK1、ROCK2表达水平明显升高,LVEF、LVFS、TGF-β、Treg、eNOS、Bcl-2表达水平明显降低(P<0.05)。结论苦参碱通过抑制RhoAROCK信号通路调节Th17/Treg细胞平衡,改善冠心病大鼠心肌损伤。

栀子苷调节PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路在动脉粥样硬化形成过程中对Th17/Treg功能的影响

目的:观察栀子苷对载脂蛋白E缺乏(ApoE^(-/-))小鼠Th17/调节性T(Treg)细胞失衡的影响及其作用机制。方法:将50只纯合子ApoE^(-/-)雌性小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和栀子苷低剂量组、栀子苷中剂量组、栀子苷高剂量组。对照组小鼠喂养普通饲料,模型组和栀子苷组小鼠喂养高脂饲料。从第8周开始,栀子苷各剂量组每日灌胃栀子苷(25、50、100 mg/kg),连续8周。试验结束时,采用油红O染色评估主动脉及其根部动脉粥样硬化(AS)病变面积比。采用定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)分析主动脉组织肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-17A和IL-10 mRNA表达;采用流式细胞仪分析脾脏中Th17和Treg细胞百分比;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western Blot)检测主动脉组织磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(AKT)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路相关蛋白表达。结果:油红O染色病变显示,栀子苷中剂量组、栀子苷高剂量组病变百分比低于模型组(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,模型组主动脉TNF-α、IL-6和IL-17A mRNA表达水平升高(P<0.05);栀子苷各剂量组主动脉TNF-α、IL-6和IL-17A mRNA表达水平降低(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,模型组主动脉抗炎细胞因子IL-10 mRNA表达水平降低(P<0.05);栀子苷各剂量组主动脉抗炎细胞因子IL-10 mRNA表达水平升高(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,模型组小鼠脾脏中Th17细胞百分比升高,Treg细胞百分比降低(P<0.05)。栀子苷处理恢复了AS小鼠Th17和Treg细胞的平衡。栀子苷抑制PI3K的表达及AKT和mTOR的磷酸化,MHY1485(mTOR活化剂)减弱了栀子苷对T细胞分化的影响。结论:栀子苷抗AS作用机制可能与抑制PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号引起的Treg细胞增多和Th17细胞减少有关。

支气管肺发育不良小鼠肺组织FOXP3^(+)调节性T细胞(Treg)数量减少且向RORγt^(+)FOXP3^(+)Treg转换

目的 探讨调节性T淋巴细胞(Treg)表型转换在支气管肺发育不良(BPD)小鼠肺组织中的作用。方法 C57BL/6新生小鼠随机分成空气组及高氧组,每组10只,高氧组建立新生小鼠高氧暴露的BPD动物模型。在小鼠生后7 d和14 d,每组各处死5只小鼠,取出新鲜肺组织。HE染色观察肺组织病理变化,Western blot法检测肺表面活性蛋白C(SP-C)表达水平;流式细胞术检测肺组织中叉头盒P3(FOXP3)^(+)Treg及维甲酸相关孤核受体γt(RORγt)^(+)FOXP3^(+)Treg占CD4^(+)淋巴细胞百分比,ELISA检测肺组织中白细胞介素17A(IL-17A)、 IL-6的含量。采用Spearman相关分析法分析FOXP3^(+)Treg与SP-C相对表达量的相关性以及RORγt^(+)FOXP3^(+)Treg与IL-17A、 IL-6含量的相关性。结果 与同时间点空气组相比,高氧组肺泡结构简单化,放射状肺泡计数与SP-C相对表达水平均明显下降,高氧组FOXP3^(+)Treg占比减少,RORγt^(+)FOXP3^(+)Treg占比增多,肺组织IL-17A、 IL-6含量明显升高。FOXP3^(+)Treg与SP-C相对表达水平呈正相关,RORγt^(+)FOXP3^(+)Treg与IL-17A、 IL-6含量呈正相关。结论 BPD小鼠肺组织FOXP3^(+)Treg数量减少并向RORγt^(+)FOXP3^(+)Treg转换,可能参与高氧所致肺损伤。

AECOPD患者治疗前后Th17/Treg免疫平衡、FeNO水平变化及对预后的影响

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(acute exacerhation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD)患者治疗前后Th17/Treg免疫平衡、呼出气一氧化氮(fraction of exhaled nitric oxide,FeNO)水平变化及对预后的影响。方法选取AECOPD患者126例,采用肺功能检测仪测定第1秒用力呼气量(forced expiratory volume in one second,FEV1)、第1秒用力呼气量占预计值百分比(FEV1%)、用力肺活量(forced vital capacity,FVC)、用力肺活量占预计值百分比(FVC%)、第1秒用力呼气量占用力肺活量的百分比(FEV1/FVC)。并使用一氧化氮测定仪检测FeNO水平,采用全身炎性反应综合征(systemic inflammaton response syndrome,SIRS)评分进行评分,采用流式细胞仪检测血清辅助性T细胞17(T help 17cells,Th17)、调节性T细胞(T Regulatory cells,Treg)水平,比较治疗前后患者肺功能指标、FeNO水平、SIRS评分、Th17/Treg水平等指标变化情况。结果治疗3个月后,AECOPD患者FEV1%、FEV1/FVC、Th17、Th17/Treg水平显著高于治疗前,FeNO、血清Treg水平、SIRS评分显著低于治疗前(P<0.05)。126例AECOPD患者治疗3个月后存活94例(74.60%);死亡32例(25.40%)。存活组FEV1%、FEV1/FVC、Treg水平显著高于死亡组,FeNO、Th17、Th17/Treg及SIRS评分显著低于死亡组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,治疗前FEV1%、FEV1/FVC、Treg是AECOPD患者预后的危险因素(P<0.05);FeNO、Th17、Th17/Treg、SIRS评分是AECOPD患者预后的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论AECOPD患者治疗后肺功能提高,Th17/Treg、FeNO降低,肺功能、Th17/Treg免疫平衡、FeNO水平对AECOPD患者疗效评估及预后判断具有重要意义。

迷走神经刺激对急性呼吸窘迫综合征大鼠Th17和Treg相关蛋白及炎症因子的影响

目的在脂多糖(LPS)诱导的急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)模型大鼠中,探讨迷走神经刺激(VNS)对辅助性T细胞17(Th17)和调节性T细胞(Treg)相关蛋白及炎症因子的调控作用。方法将30只SD大鼠随机分为对照组、LPS组和LPS+VNS组,每组10只。LPS组和LPS+VNS组大鼠通过鼻腔滴注2 mg/kg LPS构建ARDS模型。LPS+VNS组于鼻腔滴注LPS 6 h后暴露左侧颈部迷走神经,给予电压5 V、频率5 Hz、脉冲宽度2 ms的电刺激,持续10 min。电刺激2 h后取双肺及脾组织进行检测。检测指标包括肺部病理学变化、肺湿干比、支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)总蛋白含量、BALF中炎症因子水平、肺及脾组织中Treg转录蛋白叉头框蛋白P3(Foxp3)和Th17转录蛋白维甲酸受体相关孤儿受体γt(Rorγt)表达。结果与对照组相比,LPS组大鼠肺泡壁明显变厚、炎症细胞浸润到肺泡腔,BALF总蛋白含量增高(P<0.01),肺湿干比增高(P<0.01),BALF中IL-1β、IL-6、IL-17、IL-10表达升高(均P<0.01),肺和脾组织中Foxp3和Rorγt蛋白表达上调;与LPS组相比,LPS+VNS组大鼠肺组织病理表现减轻,肺湿干比下降(P<0.05),BALF总蛋白含量降低(P<0.05),BALF中IL-6和IL-17降低(均P<0.05)、IL-10升高(P<0.01),肺及脾组织中Foxp3蛋白表达上调、Rorγt蛋白表达下调。结论VNS可能通过调控大鼠肺和脾组织Th17和Treg相关蛋白表达进而调控炎症因子水平,减轻LPS诱导的ARDS病理改变。

口腔扁平苔藓患者血清miR-155-5p、SOCS1 mRNA水平与病损程度及Th17/Treg失衡的关系

目的探讨口腔扁平苔藓(OLP)患者血清微小核糖核酸-155-5p(miR-155-5p)、细胞因子信号传导抑制蛋白1(SOCS1)mRNA水平与病损程度及辅助性T细胞17(Th17)/调节性T细胞(Treg)失衡的关系。方法选择OLP患者76例(观察组),其中非糜烂型28例、糜烂型48例(轻中度糜烂29例、重度糜烂19例),同期随机另选体检健康的志愿者50例(对照组),采集所有研究对象外周静脉血,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应检测血清miR-155-5p、SOCS1 mRNA,采用流式细胞术检测Th17、Treg比例并计算Th17/Treg。采用Pearson/Spearman相关分析法分析OLP患者血清miR-155-5p水平与SOCS1 mRNA水平的关系以及二者与外周血Th17、Treg比例和Th17/Treg的关系。结果与对照组比较,观察组血清miR-155-5p水平以及外周血Th17比例和Th17/Treg升高,血清SOCS1 mRNA水平和外周血Treg比例降低(P均<0.05)。非糜烂型OLP及糜烂型OLP轻中度糜烂、重度糜烂患者血清miR-155-5p水平以及外周血Th17比例和Th17/Treg逐渐升高,血清SOCS1 mRNA水平和外周血Treg比例逐渐降低(P均<0.05)。相关性分析显示,OLP患者血清miR-155-5p水平与血清SOCS1 mRNA水平呈负相关关系(r=-0.809,P<0.01);血清miR-155-5p水平与外周血Th17比例、Th17/Treg均呈正相关关系(r/rs分别为0.819、0.820,P均<0.05),与Treg比例呈负相关关系(r=-0.735,P<0.05);血清SOCS1 mRNA水平与外周血Th17比例、Th17/Treg均呈负相关关系(r/rs分别为-0.770、-0.790,P均<0.05),与Treg比例呈正相关关系(r=0.733,P<0.05)。结论OLP患者血清miR-155-5p水平升高、血清SOCS1 mRNA水平降低,二者水平变化与病损程度加重和Th17/Treg失衡密切相关。

基于Th17/Treg平衡对类风湿关节炎作用机制的研究概况

类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)是全身性、持续性、自身免疫性疾病,其病理机制涉及多种免疫细胞,尤其是T淋巴细胞。辅助性T细胞17(relper T cell 17,Th17)和调节性T细胞(regulatory T cell,Treg)是构成免疫系统的关键元素,在维持免疫稳态方面起着重要的作用。对单味中药及其有效成分、中药复方、中成药基于Th17/Treg平衡治疗RA的研究进展进行概括,为RA的临床治疗提供理论指导,为了解RA的发病机制提供新的思路。

血清MCP-1水平及外周血Th17/Treg平衡与老年COPD并发全身炎症反应综合征的关系

目的探讨血清单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)水平及外周血辅助性T细胞17(Th17)/调节性T细胞(Treg)平衡与老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)并发全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)的关系。方法选取82例老年COPD合并SIRS患者(SIRS组),以1∶1比例对照选取单纯老年COPD患者(非SIRS组)。采用酶联免疫吸附法与流式细胞术检测血清MCP-1与外周血Th17、Treg比例。通过多因素Logistic回归分析老年COPD并发SIRS的影响因素,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清MCP-1水平和外周血Th17/Treg对老年COPD并发SIRS的预测价值。结果与非SIRS组比较,SIRS组血清MCP-1和外周血Th17、Th17/Treg高,外周血Treg比例低(P<0.05)。Th17高(OR=3.640,95%CI:1.929~6.867)、MCP-1高(OR=1.035,95%CI:1.016~1.054)、Th17/Treg高(OR=3.612,95%CI:1.835~7.107)为老年COPD并发SIRS的独立危险因素,Treg高(OR=0.651,95%CI:0.467~0.907)为独立保护因素(P<0.05)。血清MCP-1水平联合外周血Th17/Treg预测老年COPD并发SIRS的曲线下面积为0.890(95%CI:0.832~0.934),大于血清MCP-1水平、外周血Th17/Treg单独预测(P均<0.05)。结论血清MCP-1水平升高和Th17/Treg失衡与老年COPD并发SIRS独立相关,血清MCP-1水平联合外周血Th17/Treg检测对老年COPD并发SIRS有较高的预测价值。

补肾助孕方对黄体功能不全性不孕症大鼠Treg、Th17及其相关因子的影响

目的探讨补肾助孕方对黄体功能不全(Luteal phase defect,LPD)性不孕症大鼠模型调节性T细胞(Treg)、辅助性T细胞17(Th17)及相关因子的影响。方法采用大鼠灌服米非司酮混合液(10 mL·kg^(-1))构建LPD性不孕症模型,分别给予阳性药地屈孕酮混合液(0.02 g·kg^(-1))和补肾助孕低(4.5 g·kg^(-1))、中(9 g·kg^(-1))、高(18 g·kg^(-1))剂量组干预。通过苏木精-伊红(Hematoxylin-eosin,HE)染色观察子宫组织病理形态,流式细胞法和ELISA法检测大鼠外周血Treg、Th17细胞百分比和相关因子含量,Western blot和qPCR法检测大鼠Treg、Th17细胞转录因子蛋白水平及mRNA的表达。结果与空白组相比,模型组子宫内膜厚度明显变薄(P<0.01),Treg细胞百分比及抗炎因子白介素-10(IL-10)含量显著下降(P<0.01),Th17细胞百分比及炎症因子白介素-17A(IL-17A)明显升高(P<0.01),FOXP3蛋白及mRNA表达被抑制(P<0.05,P<0.001),RORγT蛋白及mRNA水平呈现高表达(P<0.01,P<0.001);与模型组相比,地屈孕酮及补肾助孕中、高剂量组能增加子宫内膜增厚(P<0.05,P<0.01),促进子宫内膜腺体的增生和发育;Treg细胞百分比及IL-10含量显著增加(P<0.01,P<0.001),Th17细胞百分比明显下降(P<0.01,P<0.001),FOXP3蛋白表达上调(P<0.01,P<0.001);补肾助孕中、高剂量组IL-17A含量及RORγT蛋白表达降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);地屈孕酮组和补肾助孕高剂量组FOXP3 mRNA水平显著升高(P<0.01,P<0.001),RORγT mRNA表达下调(P<0.001)。结论补肾助孕方可调节LPD性不孕症大鼠的免疫平衡,提高子宫内膜容受性,这可能是治疗不孕症的新的思路。

中药通过调节Th17/Treg平衡干预胃癌的研究进展

胃癌(GC)是一种较为常见的消化道恶性肿瘤。辅助性T细胞17(Th17)和调节性T细胞(Treg)是CD4+T细胞的分化亚群,Th17/Treg的失衡已被证实与GC的发病进程密切相关。中药不仅可改善GC患者的生存预后,而且在GC的术后化疗中起到了增效减毒的效果。本文系统整理了中药通过调节Th17/Treg平衡干预GC的作用规律。结果发现,中药复方可通过发挥健脾益气、健脾温阳、化瘀解毒等功效以调节GC的Th17/Treg平衡;中药及其有效成分通过调节Th17/Treg平衡来干预GC的作用机制主要表现为抑制Th17、Treg的过度分化及其转录因子、细胞因子的过度表达,逆转GC Th17/Treg平衡向Th17或Treg的过度漂移,从而恢复GC Th17/Treg的免疫平衡。