Research progress of TCM monomer in treating diabetic kidney disease based on inflammatory mechanism

With the increasing morbidity of diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become the major reason causing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) over the world. However, current treating strategy is aiming at blood glucose controlling and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) restricting which can’t effectively preventing the development of DKD. Recent research indicating that low level of inflammatory and activation of immune system play a significant role in occurrence and progression of DKD. Understanding of inflammatory cascade and its mechanism is conducive to discern novel target of DKD and contributing to design new treating strategy based on anti-inflammatory. For the past few years, an increasing number of evidences proved that Tradit Chin Med (TCM) could delay the progression of ESRD on the basis of inflammatory. In this review, we overview the protective effect against DKD-based renal injury of TCM monomer, offering novel ideas in drug discovery and in mechanism-related research.sd.

Herb-herb interaction in traditional Chinese medicine：a review of pharmacokinetics-based interaction in Herb-Pairs

"Herb-Pairs",also known as pair drugs,refers to a prescription consisted of two relatively fixed traditional Chinese medicine,is the most basic,most simple and most common form of medication prescription in traditional Chinese medicine compound compatibility.It is not a random combination of two herbs,nor is the simple accumulation of efficacy,but the simple and delicate experience of ancient Chinese medicine practitioners.As a bridge between single drug and prescriptions,it is the embodiment of the regular and dialectical connotation.Therefore,research on Herb-Pairs has always been the most basic and most important entry point for compound compatibility studies.However,the interaction between herbs and herbs is an effect with a downside as well as benefits.The beneficial herb-herb interaction in Herb-Pairs include mutual promotion,mutual enhancement,mutual restraint between two drugs and counteract toxicity of another drug.And the harmful herb-herb interaction in Herb-Pairs includes mutual inhibition and antagonism.Al of these interactions areby means of affecting the metabolism of components to play a therapeutic effect.Using the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic(PK-PD)binding model,the combination of drug metabolism and pharmacodynamics can further elucidate the influence on effect caused by drug concentration and metabolism,which can help elucidate the mechanism of drug action.Consequently,in this review,the herb-herb interactions in terms of pharmacokinetic were summarized to elucidate rule of TCM compatibility.

Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine herbs for tonifying Qi and kidney, and replenishing spleen on intermittent asthma in children aged 2 to 5 years old

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) herbs for tonifying Qi and kidney, and replenishing spleen on intermittent asthma in children aged 2 and 5 years.METHODS: A randomized, single-blind, placebo controlled trial was conducted. Children with intermittent asthma were enrolled and their baseline conditions were measured using a questionnaire. A total of 60 participants, aged 2 to 5, were randomized into either the treatment group(n = 40) or the placebo group(n = 20). The treatment group was treated with granules of TCM herbs for tonifying Qi and kidney, and replenishing spleen, and the placebo group was given placebo granules for 3 months.The number of asthma attacks was counted and TCM syndrome scores were measured at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9,and 12 months. The airway resistance and levels of eosinophil cationic protein for the two groups were observed before and after 3 months. The results were statistically analyzed.RESULTS: Compared with the placebo group, the number of asthma attacks significantly decreased in the treatment group(P < 0.05). For the treatment group, the TCM syndrome scores decreased after 1 and 2 months; there was also a significant difference in scores between the two groups(P < 0.05).The difference remained after the medicine was stopped for 9 months(P < 0.05). After the 3-month treatment, compared with the placebo group, the airway resistance decreased in the treatment group(P < 0.05). No adverse events were reported in the treatment group.CONCLUSION: The TCM herbs for tonifying Qi and kidney, and replenishing spleen reduced the number of intermittent asthma attacks, decreased the TCM syndrome scores, and reduced the airway resistance in the children aged 2 to 5.

Clinical observation of kidney-qi deficiency syndrome patients with hypertension by Bushenjiangya decoction

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of Bushenjiangya(reinforcing kidney and lowering blood pressure) decoction in curing hypertension of kidney Qi deficiency type. METHODS: First 60 patients with hypertension of kidney Qi deficiency type were divided into control group and treatment group randomly; the conventional western medicine was given to patients of the control group for antihypertensive therapy, while the traditional Chinese medicine Bushenjiangya decoction was added for patients in the treatment group based on the therapy for those in control group; after 2 months, the blood pressure, clinical efficacy and urine microalbumin changes of patients in the two groups before and after the treatment were observed. RESULTS: a. The systolic pressure of patients in the two groups was all reduced obviously(P<0.05); b. The total effective rate of experiment group in antihypertensive effect was 76.7%, while that of control group was 83.3%(P>0.05); c. The total effective rate of experiment group in TCM syndrome effect was 86.7%, while that of control group was 63.3%, showing that the effect of experiment group was better than that of control group(P<0.05); d. The 24 h urine microalbumin reduction of experiment group was better than that of control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The curative effect of Bushenjiangya decoction in combination with the western medicine is better than that of simple western medicine for hypertension of kidney Qi deficiency type, and also the urine microalbumin can be obviously reduced to protect the kidney function.

Yang-tonifying traditional Chinese medicinal plants and their potential phytoandrogenic activity

The concept of phytoandrogens, plants that contain androgens or those that stimulate androgenic activity in men, is relatively new. In traditional Chinese medicine a number of phytoandrogens are classified in medicinal plant restoratives for reinforcing yang, and they find their application in the treatment of the kidney yang deficiency diseases. In this review, the phytoandrogens used in traditional Chinese medicine are listed, and their proven applications in the treatment of kidney yang deficiency diseases, such as sexual disorders, cancer, and obesity and associated metabolic syndromes are presented. As a background, the mechanism of action of androgens, their synthesis and metabolism, the interrelations of androgens and estrogens, as well as the state of art methods to detect and analyze these hormonal activities in medicinal plants are discussed.

从中药方剂中提取的复合多糖对雏鸡免疫功能的影响

480只7日龄健康罗曼雏鸡随机分为4组,每组120只。分别于8日龄注射中药复合多糖加环磷酰胺、中药复合多糖、环磷酰胺、生理盐水。分别在试验前、试验后第8、13、21、29、37 天采血(每组15 只)并涂片,测定淋巴细胞百分率及ANAE+ 淋巴细胞百分率;分别在用药前和停药后采血(每组12 只)测定中性粒细胞吞噬力;分别在鸡18、25、32 日龄(每组12 只)测定腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能;分别在NDⅡ系疫苗首免后7、14、21 d,二免后7、14、28 d 采血(每组15 只)分离血清,测定ND-HI 抗体效价;分别在鸡4、6、9周龄(每组12 只)时,测定法氏囊、胸腺、脾的重量;分别在用药前和停药后第4、8 天采血(每组15 只)测定红细胞免疫功能。试验结果表明:中药复合多糖可使淋巴细胞百分率和ANAE+ 淋巴细胞百分率、外周血中性粒细胞吞噬率和吞噬指数、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率和吞噬指数、首免和二免后ND-HI 抗体效价、法氏囊和胸腺及脾重量、红细胞-C3b 花环率和红细胞-IC 花环率明显升高。环磷酰胺可使上述指标明显下降,中药复合多糖加环磷酰胺组与环磷酰胺组之间上述指标差异显著,中药复合多糖加环磷酰胺组,上述指标接近或略高于生理盐水对照组。

浅谈中药治疗绝经后骨质疏松症

绝经后骨质疏松症(PMOP)是发生于绝经后妇女的一种常见病,以全身骨量减少和骨显微结构破坏和骨的力学性能下降为特征。根据绝经后妇女"多虚多瘀"的特点,祖国医学认为该病属本虚标实之证,肾虚、脾虚、肝虚为本,血瘀、痰浊为标。中药治疗绝经后骨质疏松症有类性激素样作用,能减少骨量丢失,提高患者骨密度,促进钙吸收,并改善疼痛症状,在防治PMOP方面有其独特的优势。该文将根据PMOP肾虚、脾虚、血瘀的病机特点,总结临床常用单味中药(补骨脂、淫羊藿、菟丝子、骨碎补等)及中药复方(仙灵骨葆胶囊、六味地黄丸、骨疏康颗粒、骨灵丸等)抗骨质疏松的作用机理及临床疗效,以期指导临床制定个体化的中西医结合治疗方案,提高PMOP防治率。

中药复方962对老年大鼠学习记忆功能及兴奋性的影响

目的 研究中药复方 962胶囊改善老年大鼠学习记忆功能下降的作用及对中枢兴奋性的影响。方法 研究采用 2 4月龄Wistar雌、雄性大鼠 ,实验分为青年对照、老年模型、脑复康 (0 .56g/kg) ,962中剂量 (0 .9g/kg)和 962大剂量 (1 .8g/kg) 5组 ,采用灌胃给药途径给药 1～ 2个月 ,分别用水迷宫及旷场分析对动物学习记忆功能及兴奋性进行评价。结果 中药复方 962中剂量及大剂量能显著改善老年雌、雄性大鼠的空间学习记忆功能 (P<0 .0 5) ,其中 962大剂量在老年雌性大鼠改善学习记忆方面较脑复康 (0 .56g/kg)强。该药对老年雌、雄性大鼠的兴奋性无显著影响。结论 中药复方 962具有改善老年大鼠学习记忆功能的作用 ,对老年动物兴奋性无显著影响。

中药合剂对尾吊大鼠细胞免疫功能的防护作用

目的观察两种中药合剂 (丹黄刺合剂和参川熟合剂 )对尾吊大鼠细胞免疫功能的防护作用。方法将大鼠分为正常对照组、悬吊对照组、悬吊 +丹黄刺合剂组、悬吊 +参川熟合剂组 ,比较实验 2 1d后各组大鼠的脾淋巴细胞增殖能力和产生白细胞介素 2 (IL 2 )的水平。结果悬吊对照组较正常对照组免疫功能明显下降 ,参川熟合剂组对尾吊大鼠的免疫功能有改善作用。

中药复方多糖对鸡抗氧化功能的影响

【目的】观察不同浓度的中药复方多糖、黄芪多糖(APS)、当归多糖(ASP)、淫洋藿多糖(EPS)对正常罗曼雏鸡血清中SOD、GSH-Px、CAT、GR活性及MDA含量的影响。【方法】将260只1日龄健康罗曼雏鸡随机分为13组,每组20只。分别于1日龄皮下注射生理盐水以及中药复方多糖、APS、ASP、EPS,连续注射7d,分别在第7、14、21、28、35、42天采血,测定血清中SOD、GSH-Px、CAT、GR的活性及MDA含量。【结果】使用中药复方多糖、APS、ASP、EPS后,各试验组血清SOD、GSH-Px、CAT、GR活性均表现显著升高(P<0.05),MDA含量均表现显著降低(P<0.05)。中药复方多糖组的SOD、GSH-Px、CAT、GR活性极显著高于其余各多糖组,使MDA含量极显著低于其余各多糖组。【结论】中药复方多糖、APS、ASP、EPS均可提高鸡的抗氧化能力,其中中药复方多糖抗氧化能力最强。

补肾健骨中药复方对去卵巢骨质疏松症大鼠骨组织Leptin启动子甲基化的影响

目的观察去卵巢骨质疏松症大鼠骨组织Leptin启动子甲基化,探索补肾健骨中药复方防治绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)的分子机制。方法切除雌性Wistar大鼠双侧卵巢建立PMOP模型,实验大鼠分为4组:正常组、模型组、补肾健骨中药复方组、仙灵骨葆阳性对照组。给药14周后,X射线骨密度测定仪检测骨密度、显微镜观察股骨头石蜡切片HE染色显微形态结构、质谱法检测Leptin启动子甲基化。结果①第1~6腰椎骨密度,模型组与正常组相比显著降低(P<0.01);补肾健骨中药复方组、仙灵骨葆阳性对照组与模型组相比显著升高(P<0.05)。②模型组与正常组相比,股骨头骨皮质骨板变薄,骨松质骨小梁明显变细,有些部位破坏、断裂,骨髓腔明显扩大;补肾健骨中药复方组、仙灵骨葆阳性对照组与模型组相比,股骨头显微形态结构病理改变明显改善。③骨组织Leptin启动子-493 bp~-19 bp甲基化水平,模型组与正常组相比CpG19、CpG22.23显著升高(P<0.05);补肾健骨中药复方组(P<0.01)、仙灵骨葆阳性对照组(P<0.05)与模型组相比,CpG19甲基化水平显著降低。结论补肾健骨中药复方通过降低骨组织Leptin启动子甲基化的分子机制,有效防治PMOP。

补肾中药治疗多发性硬化的研究进展

多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis,MS)是以中枢神经系统炎症性脱髓鞘为主要病理改变的自身免疫性疾病,其主要临床特点为病灶的空间和时间多发性。目前,临床上对MS尚无特效治疗药物,西医主要采用激素、免疫抑制剂等药物治疗,中医主要采用辨证论治的方法加以治疗。根据MS不同的临床表现,中医将MS归属为"痿证"、"痹证"范畴,认为该病病位在"脑与髓"。中医理论认为"肾虚"为本病的根本病因,由于肾主骨生髓,髓汇于脊柱为脊髓、汇于脑为脑髓,在总结前人研究的基础上,从肾虚为本的角度探讨补肾药物对多发性硬化的治疗作用。

基于骨组织Dlx5启动子甲基化探究补肾中药复方对去卵巢骨质疏松症大鼠的疗效机制

目的基于骨组织Dlx5启动子甲基化水平,探索补肾中药复方对大鼠去卵巢骨质疏松症的疗效机制。方法去卵巢建立绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)大鼠模型,分为正常组、模型组、补肾中药复方组、仙灵骨葆阳性对照组。灌胃14周后,X线吸收测量法检测骨密度,质谱法检测Dlx5启动子甲基化水平。结果与正常组比较,模型组第1~6腰椎骨密度明显降低(P<0.01),骨组织Dlx5启动子-470 bp^-4 bp CpG2.3甲基化水平明显升高(P<0.01)。②与模型组比较,补肾中药复方组、仙灵骨葆阳性对照组第1~6腰椎骨密度明显升高(P<0.05),骨组织Dlx5启动子-470 bp^-4 bp CpG1甲基化水平明显降低(P<0.05)。结论补肾中药复方通过降低骨组织Dlx5启动子甲基化水平的表观遗传学机制,有效防治PMOP。

中药抗病毒药理作用的研究进展

现代中药药理实验研究已从机体水平、细胞水平深入至分子水平。现就有效部位、单味药及复方制剂3个方面对中药抗病毒的现代药理研究进展作一综述。

中药复方多糖的提取方法和药理活性研究进展

中药复方是遵循中医理论组合而成的方剂,是中医药常用的用药方式。中药复方多糖作为其主要活性成分之一,主要提取方法包括:溶剂提取法、超声波辅助提取法、微波辅助提取法、微生物发酵提取法等。中药复方多糖具有抗肿瘤、免疫调节、肠道黏膜修复、降血糖、抗病毒、抗氧化等药理活性,本文综述了近年来有关复方多糖提取方法和药理活性,以期为中药复方多糖的开发与利用提供参考。

9对“对药”和非“对药”间多分子体系紫外-可见光谱分析

目的 :探讨常用中药的组合——“对药”和非“对药”间 ,在化学成分、分子结构、构型、构象方面的相似性差异。方法 :(1 )按中药多分子体系的脂溶性差异 ,分为石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙脂、乙醇和水的溶出性成分集合 ,然后进行“对药”与非“对药”的对比分析 ;(2 )用紫外 -可见光光度计测定吸收光谱曲线。结果 :分析2 2 5份样品 ,约 1 30 0个数据 ,9对“对药”中有 6对分别显示 :紫外 -可见光吸收光谱峰的分布区域重叠较大 ;相同波峰数和相同波谷数较多 ;组合后吸收光谱曲线下面积增加趋势较大。结论 :提示化学成分相近 ,分子结构或构型、构象相似是中药 (植物药 )组方配伍的原则之一。

复方中药对主动吸烟动物祛痰作用的研究

目的 观察复方中药对动物主动吸烟的祛痰作用。方法 采用小鼠酚红祛痰法、大鼠毛细管集痰法及蟾蜍口腔粘膜纤毛运动测定法,研究复方中药雾化吸入及药物香烟对动物主动吸烟模型的祛痰作用。结果 复方中药高剂量雾化吸入明显增加主动吸烟小鼠痰量(P <0 .0 5 ) ;药物烟高剂量组能明显增加小鼠与大鼠的痰量(P <0 .0 5 ) ,加速蟾蜍口腔粘膜纤毛运动(P <0 .0 5 )。结论 复方中药对动物主动吸烟有一定的祛痰作用。

畜禽免疫增强剂中复合多糖的提取及免疫活性研究

[目的]为中药有效成分的进一步研究提供理论依据。[方法]通过正交试验对中药方剂中复合多糖的提取工艺进行筛选。以环磷酰胺作为免疫抑制剂建立小鼠免疫抑制模型,进行免疫脏器指数的检测、碳粒廓清试验、血清溶血素形成和外周血T淋巴细胞数检测,探讨中药复合多糖对免疫功能低下小鼠的影响。[结果]中药方剂中复合多糖的最优提取条件为:温度60℃,料液比1∶40,超声处理30 min。中药复合多糖能明显提高正常小鼠脾脏指数、胸腺指数及免疫抑制小鼠脾脏指数;增强正常小鼠和免疫抑制小鼠单核巨噬细胞系统的吞噬功能;促进溶血素的形成并提高外周血中T淋巴细胞数。[结论]该中药复合多糖对免疫抑制小鼠有免疫兴奋作用。

中药复方治疗泌尿系结石用药规律探讨

为研究中药复方治疗泌尿系结石的用药规律,收集整理近年来文献报道中治疗泌尿系结石的中药复方148首,统计分析发现在所使用的123种中药中,以淡渗利水、补阴、活血破血、行气及补益类中药为主,符合中医理论对泌尿系结石病因病机的认识。

补肾中药复方对去卵巢骨质疏松症大鼠下丘脑Leptin的影响

目的:观察去卵巢骨质疏松症大鼠下丘脑Leptin蛋白水平,探讨绝经后骨质疏松症(Postmenopausal Osteoporosis,PMOP)的发病机制以及补肾中药复方的疗效机理。方法:去卵巢复制骨质疏松症大鼠模型,实验设正常组、模型组、假手术组、补肾中药复方组、钙尔奇D组、骨疏康组,灌胃给药12周。应用XR-36型双能X线骨密度仪测定股骨骨密度,Western Blot检测下丘脑Leptin蛋白水平。结果:与正常组比较,模型组股骨骨密度明显降低,下丘脑Leptin蛋白水平明显升高;与模型组比较,补肾中药复方组、骨疏康组股骨骨密度明显升高;补肾中药复方组下丘脑Leptin蛋白水平明显降低。结论:下丘脑Leptin蛋白水平升高可能是PMOP发病的机制之一;补肾中药复方可能通过降低下丘脑Leptin蛋白水平,有效防治PMOP,其作用优于钙尔奇D和骨疏康。