ⅩⅩ World Congress on Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders

Time:December 8-11,2013Venue:Palexpo Geneva Congress Center,Geneva,Switzerland Email:Parkinson@kenes.com Website:www2.kenes.com/parkinson/Pages/Home.aspxⅩⅩ World Congress on Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders will be held on December 8-11,2013 in Geneva,Switzerland.As the motto for this World Congress is'Integration by Translation',this Congress will deal in a most translational way with most recent research and updates on the etiology,pathogenesis,potential diagnostic markers and treatment modalities

miRACA： A database for miRNAs associated with cancers and age related disorders （ARD）

BACKGROUND： With the given diversity and abundance of several targets of miRNAs, they functionally appear to interact with several elements of the multiple cellular networks to maintain physiologic homeostasis. They can function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, whose under or overexpression has both diagnostic and prognostic significance in various cancers while being implicated as prospective regulators of age-related disorders （ARD） as well. Establishing a concatenate between ARD and cancers by looking into the insights of the shared miRNAs may have a practical relevance. METHODS： In the present work, we performed network analysis of miRNA-disease association and miRNA-target gene interaction to prioritize miRNAs that play significant roles in the manifestation of cancer as well as ARD. Also, we developed a repository that stores miRNAs common to both ARD and cancers along with their target genes. RESULTS： We have comprehensively curated all miRNAs that we found to be shared in both the diseases in the human genome and established a database, miRACA （Database for microRNAs Associated with Cancers and ARD） that currently houses information of 1648 miRNAs that are significantly associated with 38 variants supported with pertinent data. It has been made available online at http：//genomeinformatics.dtu.ac.in/miraca/for easy retrieval and utilization of data by the scientific community. CONCLUSION： To the best of our knowledge, our database is the first attempt at compilation of such data. We believe this work may serve as a significant resource and facilitate the analysis of miRNA regulatory mechanisms shared between cancers and ARD to apprehend disease etiology.

Analysis of fluoxetine-induced plasticity mechanisms as a strategy for understanding plasticity related neural disorders

Fluoxetine hydrochloride,better known for its commercial name Prozac,is one of the most widely prescribed antidepressant drugs all over the world.This drug was considered a＂breakthrough drug＂for the treatment of depression because of its very high selectivity as a serotonin reuptake inhibitor and because it presented a lower side-effectprofile than previous drugs （Wong et al., 2005）.

Psychiatric hospitalization during the two SARS-CoV-2 pandemic waves:New warnings for acute psychotic episodes and suicidal behaviors

BACKGROUND The subsequent waves of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic have represented a dramatic health emergency characterized by significant consequences on mental health.Diachronic variations in the incidence rates of acute relapse of psychiatric disorders may represent significant"sentinel events"for assessing the mental health response to an unprecedented stressful event.AIM To investigate the variation in psychiatric hospitalization rates and differences in sociodemographic and clinical-psychopathological peculiarities at Bologna"Maggiore"General Hospital Psychiatric Ward(GHPW)between the first two waves SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the same periods of the previous 3 years.The secondary purpose of the study was to suggest a diachronic response pathway to stress by reporting additional literature data on coping strategies.METHODS This observational and retrospective study collected information on admission to the GHPW at the"Maggiore"Hospital in Bologna in the index periods defined as follows:the first period between February 24,2020 and April 30,2020(first epidemic wave)and the second period between October 8,2020,and January 7,2021(second pandemic wave).Absolute numbers and proportion of admitted patients,their sociodemographic and clinical-psychopathological characteristics were compared with the same parameters recorded in the two same periods of the previous 3 years.No strict inclusion or exclusion criteria were provided in the data collection to collect information on all patients requiring acute psychiatric hospitalization.RESULTS During the first wave,there was a significant reduction in hospitalization rates,although there was a simultaneous increase in compulsory hospitalizations and the acute relapse of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.During the second wave,hospitalization rates reached those recorded during the same period of the previous 3 years,mainly due to the rise of bipolar and related disorders,depressive disorders,anxiety disorders,trauma-and stressor-related disorders and suicidal behaviors.CONCLUSION The coping strategies adopted during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic protected the vulnerable population from the general risk of clinical-psychopathological acute relapse,even if they increased the susceptibility to run into schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorder relapses.In the medium-long term(as in the second pandemic wave),the same strategies do not play protective roles against the stress associated with the pandemic and social restriction measures.Indeed,during the second wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic,an increase in total hospitalization rate,suicidal behaviors and the incidence rate of bipolar and related disorders,depressive disorders,anxiety disorders,trauma-and stressorrelated disorders was observed.

Sleep problems in children and adolescents following traumatic life events

Rates of childhood trauma exposure are extremely high,with approximately 70%of children and adolescents experiencing at least one traumatic event.Among the most common non-specific consequences of stress and trauma are disruptions of sleep.Sleep problems,such as shorter sleep duration,difficulty falling asleep,frequent awakenings,nightmares,sleepless nights,and early-morning wakefulness appear to have a higher prevalence among children and adolescents following traumatic events.This review will illustrate the role of sleep problems in traumatized children and adolescents,and emphasize the need to consider a wide range of etiological mechanisms for these symptoms.However,the relationship of trauma exposure to sleep problems among children and adolescents needs further investigation in future research.Moreover,in view of the adverse consequences of long-term disrupted sleep on mental health outcomes following trauma,the need to effectively address sleep disturbances in traumatized children and adolescents is crucial.

Barrier or easy-flow channel: The role of grain boundary acting on vortex motion in type-Ⅱ superconductors

Grain boundaries(GBs),as extremely anisotropic pinning defects,have a strong impact on vortex motion in type-Ⅱsuperconductors,and further on the macro level dominates the superconductivity for example the critical current density.Many previous studies indicated that mostly GB plays the role of a strong barrier for vortex motion,while an easy-flow channel just under some certain conditions.In order to thoroughly make clear of the questions of what is exactly the role of GB on vortex motion and how it works,in this article we developed a large scale molecular dynamic model and revealed the action of GB on vortex motion in type-Ⅱsuperconductors.The most significant finding is that the role of GB on vortex motion can be changeable from a barrier to an easy-flow channel,and which is intrinsically determined by the competition effect correlated with its action on vortex between in the GB and no-GB regions.Such the competition effect essentially depends on the attributes of both the GB(described by the GB strength and angleθ)and no-GB pining regions(by the relative disorder strengthα_(p)/α_(v)).Specifically,for a YBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7-x)(YBCO)sample,to obtain a clear knowledge of vortex motion in GB region,we visualized the three typical trajectories of vortices during the three vortex movement stages.Further,in order to understand how GB results in the macro current-carrying property,corresponding to the current-voltage relation of the YBCO conductor,we obtained the average velocity v_(y) of vortices varying with their driving force,which is nearly identical with the previous observations.

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: All wheat attack is not celiac

Currently,1% of the United States population holds a diagnosis for celiac disease(CD),however,a more recently recognized and possibly related condition,"non-celiac gluten sensitivity"(NCGS)has been suggested to affect up to 6%of the United States public.While reliable clinical tests for CD exist,diagnosing individuals affected by NCGS is still complicated by the lack of reliable biomarkers and reliance upon a broad set of intestinal and extra intestinal symptoms possibly provoked by gluten.NCGS has been proposed to exhibit an innate immune response activated by gluten and several other wheat proteins.At present,an enormous food industry has developed to supply gluten-free products(GFP)with GFP sales in 2014 approaching$1 billion,with estimations projecting sales to reach$2 billion in the year 2020.The enormous demand for GFP also reflects a popular misconception among consumers that gluten avoidance is part of a healthy lifestyle choice.Features of NCGS and other gluten related disorders(e.g.,irritable bowel syndrome)call for a review of current distinctive diagnostic criteria that distinguish each,and identification of biomarkers selective or specific for NCGS.The aim of this paper is to review our current understanding of NCGS,highlighting the remaining challenges and questions which may improve its diagnosis and treatment.

A Fiber Tractography Study of Social-Emotional Related Fiber Tracts in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder

The symptoms of autism spectrum disorder（ASD） have been hypothesized to be caused by changes in brain connectivity. From the clinical perspective, the‘‘disconnectivity＇＇ hypothesis has been used to explain characteristic impairments in ‘‘socio-emotional＇＇ function.Therefore, in this study we compared the facial emotional recognition（FER） feature and the integrity of socialemotional-related white-matter tracts between children and adolescents with high-functioning ASD（HFA） and their typically developing（TD） counterparts. The correlation between the two factors was explored to find out if impairment of the white-matter tracts is the neural basis of social-emotional disorders. Compared with the TD group,FER was significantly impaired and the fractional anisotropy value of the right cingulate fasciculus was increased in the HFA group（P ／ 0.01）. In conclusion, the FER function of children and adolescents with HFA was impaired and the microstructure of the cingulate fasciculus had abnormalities.