Supply and demand subject behavior of building energy efficiency in market fostering

Consumers and developers are the market transaction subjects which drive the development of building energy efficiency market. High energy prices, unreasonable heating system, information asymmetry of building energy suppress demand of energy efficiency construction; high technical risk and construction cost, nonstandard market restrict the supply of energy efficiency construction. To promote the development of building energy efficiency, we must set up effective incentive policies for both sides of the market transaction, improve the supervisory system, promote the technological progress, build the information sharing platform, so as to achieve the purpose of cultivating and improving the building energy efficiency market system, regulating the behavior of supply and demand subject, building the mutually beneficial and cooperative partnership, and realizing the balance of interests.

Dynamic Analysis of Supply and Demand Coupling of Ecosystem Services in Loess Hilly Region:A Case Study of Lanzhou,China

The relationship between the supply and demand for ecosystem services(ESs)is a key issue for the rational allocation of natural resources and optimisation of sustainable development capacity.This paper investigateed the dynamic evolution features of supply and demand of four ESs in Lanzhou of China,namely,water supply,food supply,carbon fixation and soil retention services.The crosssectional data of 2005 and 2017 were used for calculating ESs value and its supply and demand through ArcGIS software,InVEST model,elastic coefficient model and coupling coordination model.Results showed that:1)from 2005 to 2017,the supply of water supply services increased,the demand of soil retention services decreased,and the supply and demand of food supply and carbon fixation services increased.The high-value areas of service supply were mainly distributed in the rocky mountain areas in the southeast and northwest with high vegetation coverage,while the high-value areas of demand were mainly distributed in the urban areas and surrounding areas with high population density.2)There were five different types of coupling relations.Water supply service was dominated by a negative coupling type D,which means that the decrease in demand for ESs has had a positive response on the supply of ESs.Negative coupling type C was the main type of food supply and carbon fixation services,which means that the increase in demand for ESs has had a negative response on the supply of ESs.All three services were supplemented by a positive coupling type A,which means that the increase in demand for ESs has had a positive response on the supply of ESs.Soil retention service generally exhibits a positive coupling type B,which means that the decrease in demand for ESs has had a negative response on the supply of ESs.3)Over the past 12 yr,the coordination degree of supply and demand of water supply,food supply and soil retention services decreased,and the coordination degree of carbon fixation service increased.Various types of ES had a low degree of coupling and coordination,showing different characteristics of temporal and spatial evolution.The areas with imbalanced ESs supply and demand were mainly distributed in urban areas dominated by construction land.The research results are valuable to the optimisation of urban and rural ecological environments and the sustainable development of territory space under the framework of ecological civilisation,including similar ecologically vulnerable areas in other developing countries.

Technical System Construction in the Market Trading System for Demand Response Based on the Energy Internet

With the explosive growth of variable renewable energy,the balance between the supply and demand of the power grid is faced with new challenges.Based on the development experience from typical countries and the state quo in China,this paper further analyzes the system architecture and development trend of demand response under the background of Energy Internet.Five dimensions are considered:Energy Internet platform,demand response application scenarios,system architecture,information technology system construction,and demand response development trend.The results show that the application of the Energy Internet platform can effectively solve the problems of data acquisition and processing,“terminal-edge-network-cloud”cooperation of demand response,etc.The system architecture of the demand response platform that supports user resource management,user information access,control instruction receiving,control strategy issuing,and response process monitoring is proposed in this paper.It is also helpful to provide a feasible technical choice for expanding the application services of Energy Internet towards government and society.

Spillover and quantile linkage between oil price shocks and stock returns: new evidence from G7 countries

The link between crude oil price and stock returns of the Group of Seven(G7)countries(Canada,France,Germany,Italy,Japan,the United Kingdom,and the United States)was analyzed in this study using monthly data from January 1999 to March 2020.We adopt a similar approach to Kilian(Am Econ Rev 99(3):1053–1069,2009)and construct a structural vector autoregression framework to decompose crude oil price shocks into oil supply shock,oil aggregate demand shock,and oil-specific demand shock.We then explore the distinct effects of different kinds of oil price shocks from various sources.Based on the decomposed oil price shocks,we apply the connectedness approach and QQ regression to find time-varying co-movements and tail dependence between oil price shocks and G7 stock returns.There is no general correlation between the decomposed oil prices and stock returns in these countries.The effects of oil price shocks on stock returns across different stock market conditions appear to be heterogeneous.Oil supply shock appears to be a net transmitter of spillover effects for all G7 countries within the sample period.

Near- and Mid-term Development of Natural Gas Market in China

Economy growth in China is expected to slow down a little during the 13 th Five-Year-Plan period. So will the domestic gas demand and supply market, which may be quite different from that of the 11 th and 12 th Five-Year-Plan periods. The paper summarized the state quo of gas supply and demand in the country and analyzed factors that may affect the demand and supply balance in the new period. It is proposed that there will be many uncertainties in achieving supply and demand goals of gas set for the period, and gas glut is also very possible during the time. To deal with the problem, it is suggested that several measures be taken nationwide: improving utilization of gas in several sectors, straightening and optimizing the pricing mechanism, speeding up construction of infrastructures, implementing relevant policies and boosting up supervision and monitor of the industry.

中国成品油市场2023年回顾与2024年供需分析预测

回顾2023年中国成品油市场发展,结合国内经济发展各种因素,对2024年成品油市场进行预测。分析认为:2023年中国成品油需求持续复苏,消费属性突出的汽油和航空煤油(航煤)消费大幅增长,经济增速加快拉动柴油消费温和增长,中国成品油消费量预估为3.66×10^(8)t,同比增长12.2%,为2011年以来再次出现两位数增长;成品油消费税扩围征收提高了调合油的原料成本,减少了低价资源数量;出口配额大幅增加则缓解了国内资源过剩压力。2024年,消费对经济增长的贡献将继续加大,航煤消费将持续快速增长,汽车电动化将导致汽油消费增速大幅放缓,能耗双控逐步转向碳排放双控,柴油消费量将重回下降通道。2024年中国成品油市场仍将呈现供需双增的良好态势,消费量预计为3.69×10^(8)t,较2023年小幅增长0.8%;地方炼厂成品油资源持续增加,国内成品油过剩规模将超过5000×10^(4)t,国内市场竞争形势依然严峻。

2024年我国无烟煤市场发展与展望

通过对宏观政策以及产业政策动态等多维度进行剖析,对无烟煤下游行业的消费现状和趋势进行详细分析和预测。介绍了我国无烟煤资源分布、生产和进口现状,对我国无烟煤生产和进口趋势进行了预测。综合分析供需、成本、政策等影响无烟煤价格的因素,特别是需求和供应关系,对2024年无烟煤价格走势进行了定性分析。整体认为,2024年,我国无烟煤将处于供需紧平衡状态,但较2023年略有宽松;价格中枢有望小幅下移,但仍将处于相对较高的位置。

2023年中国成品油行业运行特点与近期展望

2023年,中国炼油产能再创新高,炼厂开工率回升,成品油产量大幅增长;成品油消费恢复至疫情前水平,不同品种恢复节奏存在差异,航空煤油消费明显恢复;成品油消费结构变化明显,供需差量扩大;在国际原油价格高位宽幅震荡背景下,成品油批发价格小幅增长;成品油商业库存“汽跌柴涨”,油库建设需求旺盛;成品油进口大幅下降,俄罗斯成为中国成品油进口主要来源国,成品油出口量继续增加,主要出口至新加坡;多项市场专项整治方案出台,规范成品油市场运行,推动行业高质量发展。2024年,中国成品油市场监管仍将持续完善,炼油行业将继续扩能,成品油产量将继续增长,成品油消费将回归低速增长通道,国际原油价格将宽幅震荡加剧成品油市场价格波动风险。

数字经济赋能新质生产力:一个分析框架

新质生产力以颠覆性技术创新为主导力量,以战略性新兴产业为核心载体,具有鲜明的人民性、协调性和开放性特征。依托数字经济缓解“需求不足、供给过剩、预期偏弱”这三重约束是新质生产力发展的重要进路。文章在探讨数字经济赋能新质生产力的应然性依据的基础上,在传统“需求-供给”二分法框架内纳入经济社会环境因素,构建“需求侧-供给侧-环境侧”三维分析框架,藉此探讨数字经济赋能新质生产力的内在机理。分析认为:数字经济可通过提升颠覆性技术创新水平、驱动战略性新兴产业创新发展和契合新质生产力应然特征三种途径赋能新质生产力。文章的政策含义是:要大力发展数字经济,努力形成数字经济、颠覆性技术创新与战略性新兴产业间的良性互动。

国际原油市场2023年回顾和2024年展望

近年来,国际油价在“OPEC+”产量政策、美联储货币政策、地缘局势动荡等因素影响下震荡加剧,对石油企业的生产经营造成了巨大挑战。以国际油价演变为主线,从供需、地缘、金融等角度回顾了2023年国际原油市场的特点:从需求侧看,欧美需求由“降”转“稳”,中国、印度两国带动全球原油需求稳定增长;从供给侧看,“OPEC+”坚持减产保价策略不动摇,美国、伊朗成为主要增产国;叠加地缘冲突加剧、欧美央行维持高利率,国际油价宽幅波动,布伦特原油均价为82美元/桶,同比下降16.8%。立足关键要素的边际变化,从需求增幅收窄、“OPEC+”延长减产、美元进入降息周期及地缘博弈持续等维度展望了2024年国际原油市场,得出全年油价或同比小幅上行的结论,以期为油气行业生产经营提供决策参考。

高比例新能源下电能量与平衡调节服务联合运营与出清机制

随着规模化新能源的接入,电网安全保供形势日益严峻。在此背景下,计及新能源的安全外部成本,提出了电能量与平衡调节服务的联合运营与出清机制。将电能量成本与安全外部成本耦合叠加,通过联合出清,以市场化方式精准组织平衡调节服务;以合理的价格体现电能的能量价值与安全价值,从而给出明确的价格信号促进平衡责任的分担。最后,通过算例分析,验证了所提运营机制在经济性与鲁棒性方面均具有显著优势。

基于扰动观测器的动态供应链系统模型预测控制

针对不确定市场需求供应链系统(supply chain system)的生产-库存预测控制问题,设计了一种模型预测控制(model predictive control,MPC)和扰动观测器(disturbance observer,DOB)结合的供应链系统生产控制策略。首先,对三级供应链系统进行分析,构建三级动态供应链的生产-库存数学模型;其次,设计基于扰动观测器的前馈补偿机制,补偿不确定性需求对供应链系统的影响;最后,考虑供应链系统存在的实际约束条件,设计模型预测控制方案,并证明系统的渐进稳定性。算例仿真验证了该方法的有效性。

己二腈工艺路线选择及产业化分析

介绍了己二腈上下游产业链及主要工艺路线、下游应用及份额、市场供需及趋势分析、产业化的难点及解决思路。重点从成本、投资、环保等方面多角度分析了合成己二腈各工艺路线优劣,明确最优路线。从技术、产业链、原辅料、规模等方面阐述了产品竞争力关键点,明确了推进己二腈项目产业化的要点。

我国润滑油基础油生产结构变化研究

文章介绍了我国润滑油基础油生产现状,重点分析了各类基础油的工艺技术和生产情况,并对基础油生产结构发展方向进行了展望。

2023年国内邻二甲苯供需分析

以2019-2023年数据为基础,分析预测了邻二甲苯的生产、市场情况;重点对2023年邻二甲苯的市场、进出口、价格进行了分析。

消费市场高质量发展:理论框架与统计测度——兼顾需求侧和供给侧的双重视角

消费市场高质量发展体现着我国高质量发展的基础动能,通过构建包含消费市场需求侧、供给侧和市场机制的理论框架界定消费市场高质量的内涵与特征,接着构建指标体系实证测度我国2003—2022年消费市场高质量发展水平。理论分析表明,政府实现由管理型政府提供的基本监管转向服务型政府提供的综合监管,是促进消费市场高质量发展的关键。实证测度结果表明,整体上我国消费市场高质量发展水平明显提升,特别在2008年后稳步增长。分维度发现,需求侧水平呈U型复苏;机制建设水平在全面深化改革后明显提升;供给侧水平持续稳步增长。

国内碳排放权市场价格的影响因素及作用分析

本文的研究目的是分析国内碳排放权市场价格波动的激励要素及其影响,在对相关参考资料进行深入梳理和数据探究的过程中揭示了影响碳排放权价值的核心要素,这些要素涉及国家政策导向、市场供求状况、经济增长状况以及能源配置等方面。在行政策略层面碳排放权配额的划拨机制、减排目标的确立及执行的严格程度等都会对碳交易市场的价值波动造成显著影响;而市场的供求状况则是决定碳交易基础的关键因素,诸如行业结构的优化、能源消费模式的改革等都将对碳排放权的需求与供应产生作用,从而作用于其价格;在更广阔的经济层面,经济增进程度与能源结构对碳交易价位施加着宏观影响,其中经济发展的速率和能源使用模式的演变将会直观地映射到碳排放权的价值之上。

2023年橡胶期货市场回顾及2024年展望

2024年天然橡胶期货市场行情主要的驱动因素将与2023年一样来自于供给端。随着2023年天然橡胶减产格局的逐步明确,2024年全球天然橡胶供应大概率将维持低增长或小幅负增长,需求持平或微增,大环境带来的提振作用值得期待。2024年天然橡胶期货价格重心进一步上移的概率偏大,但难以出现连续大幅上涨的情况,波动区间为每吨13000~16000元。合成橡胶期货上市时间较短,受原油价格大幅波动以及资金博弈影响偏大,预计价格波动区间较大。

ABS树脂市场分析及预测

ABS树脂是一种三元共聚物,因其独特的组成,使其具有优异的性能,近几年由于国内市场ABS树脂需求量增长,利润率高,导致多家企业进行布局投产以及扩能改造,未来三年国内ABS树脂产能将大幅增加,年产能将超过一千万吨。主要对ABS树脂产能、进出口量、市场分布情况和价格的变化进行分析,并结合当下国内ABS树脂的市场现状对未来ABS树脂价格及市场情况进行预测。