On the 2002 U. S. Mid-Term Election Zhang Yanyu and Wang Wenfeng are both assistant research professors at the Division for American Studies in China Institute of Contemporary International Relations

The first mid-term election of the U. S. in the new century took place on November 5, 2002. One third of the senators from the 107th Congress (34 out of 100), all representatives (435), 36 state governors, and numerous local officials and legislators were to be elected or reelected. The resounding victory of the GOP in the congressional elections and the fact that the Democrats only got three more.

Studies on the Relation between the Composition of Thermal Sensitive MnZn Ferrite and Curie Temperature

Thermal sensitive MnZn ferrite is a kind of soft magnetic ferrite material with lower Curie temperature (Tc) and can be used to make many kinds of magnetic thermal sensitive sensors with high sensitivity. In this paper, the relation between the composition of thermal sensitive ferrite and TC was studied. It was found that TC changes linearly with ZnO extent when the content of Fe2O3 is fixed. Based on lots of experiments, an experimential formula to determine was given out.

A New Citation Recommendation Strategy Based on Term Functions in Related Studies Section

Purpose:Researchers frequently encounter the following problems when writing scientific articles:(1)Selecting appropriate citations to support the research idea is challenging.(2)The literature review is not conducted extensively,which leads to working on a research problem that others have well addressed.The study focuses on citation recommendation in the related studies section by applying the term function of a citation context,potentially improving the efficiency of writing a literature review.Design/methodology/approach:We present nine term functions with three newly created and six identified from existing literature.Using these term functions as labels,we annotate 531 research papers in three topics to evaluate our proposed recommendation strategy.BM25 and Word2vec with VSM are implemented as the baseline models for the recommendation.Then the term function information is applied to enhance the performance.Findings:The experiments show that the term function-based methods outperform the baseline methods regarding the recall,precision,and F1-score measurement,demonstrating that term functions are useful in identifying valuable citations.Research limitations:The dataset is insufficient due to the complexity of annotating citation functions for paragraphs in the related studies section.More recent deep learning models should be performed to future validate the proposed approach.Practical implications:The citation recommendation strategy can be helpful for valuable citation discovery,semantic scientific retrieval,and automatic literature review generation.Originality/value:The proposed citation function-based citation recommendation can generate intuitive explanations of the results for users,improving the transparency,persuasiveness,and effectiveness of recommender systems.

SOME SYNTHETIC STUDIES RELATED TO PERYLENEQUINONES

The double oxidative coupling of methyl 8-bromo-3,4-dihydro- xy-5,7-dimethoxy-2-naphthylacetate and its solvent effect are studied. Demethylation followed by methylation or vice versa of dimethyl-2,11-dihy- droxy-4,6,7,9-tetramethoxy-3,10-perylenequinone-1,12-diacetate can be effected regioselectively and amenable to natural product synthesis.

A study on relation between heterotrophic bacteria and shrimp disease

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An experimental study of the relations between bispectra and nonlinear apparent features of wind waves

To investigate the nonlinear properties of wind waves, experiments are carried out in a wind-wave flume with slope bottom at different wind speeds and fetches. Both the internal structure and apparent features of the nonlin-earity of wind waves are studied by using bispectral and statistical analysis of surface elevations. The relations between bispectra and nonlinear apparent characteristics of wind waves are established and confirmed.

阜新暴雨日数与太阳黑子活动周期关系研究(英文)

The quasi 11-year cycle of sunspot activities and torrential rain days in Fuxin during 1951-2005 were studied.As was shown in the results,the relative number of sunspots and the torrential rain days in the sunspot cycle of trough value were significantly related with a correlation coefficient of 0.842.At the same time,the correlation coefficient between torrential rain days in Fuxin and the relative number of sunspots of certain year within the sunspot cycle of trough value reached 0.737.It was clear that the torrential rain days in Fuxin were closely related with solar activity.The conclusion would provide the favorable climate background and basis for the study of regularity of rainstorm outbreak,monitoring and forecasting of torrential rain and regularity of agricultural drought and flood.

Optimization Study on a Single-cylinder Compressed Air Engine

The current research of compressed air engine（CAE） mainly focused on simulations and system integrations. However, energy efficiency and output torque of the CAE is limited, which restricts its application and popularization. In this paper, the working principles of CAE are briefly introduced. To set a foundation for the study on the optimization of the CAE, the basic mathematical model of working processes is set up. A pressure-compensated valve which can reduce the inertia force of the valve is proposed. To verify the mathematical model, the prototype with the newly designed pressure-compensated intake valve is built and the experiment is carried out, simulation and experimental results of the CAE are conducted, and pressures inside the cylinder and output torque of the CAE are obtained. Orthogonal design and grey relation analysis are utilized to optimize structural parameters. The experimental and optimized results show that, first of all, pressure inside the cylinder has the same changing tendency in both simulation curve and experimental curve. Secondly, the highest average output torque is obtained at the highest intake pressure and the lowest rotate speed. Thirdly, the optimization of the single-cylinder CAE can improve the working efficiency from an original 21.95% to 50.1%, an overall increase of 28.15%, and the average output torque increases also increases from 22.047 5 N · m to 22.439 N · m. This research designs a single-cylinder CAE with pressure-compensated intake valve, and proposes a structural parameters design method which improves the single-cylinder CAE performance.

Some Questions Relating to the Study of English(for the lower-grade students)

This article, the purpose of which is to deal with some problems in studying and teaching English, is merely for the students of English to read, who have just entered the second year at a foreign languages institute. When teaching the second-year students, I have often been asked this awkward question: "What do you think is the correct way to study English?" It took me quite a time to answer it. Now after many years of teaching I think I have some ideas on this subject.

STUDY ON THE SYNTHESIS OF BRASSINOLIDE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS 15.FORMAL SYNTHESIS OF BRASSINOLIDE VIA STEREOSELECTIVE SULFENATE-SULFOXIDE TRANSFORMATION

A formal synthesis of the natural growth promoting steroid brassinolide is described,which involves construction of side chain by 1,3-sulfoxide-hydroxyl transposition with methylation from(24S)- 22-E-24-sulfoxide 6 and(24R)-22-E-24-sulfoxide 9,respectively to (22S)-23-E-24-methyl compound 4.

A comparative study of pancreatic endocrine function and related metabolism after long-term survival between the patients with combined kidneypancreas transplantation vs those with combined en bloc ' liver-pancreas transplantation

Objective To compare the effects of combined en bloc liver - pancreas transplantation ( LPT) with portal vein drainage and simultaneous combined kidney - pancreas transplantation ( KPT) with systemic venous drainage on the pancreatic endocrine function and related me-

AN IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL STUDY ON RELATIONS BETWEEN MAST CELL AND PEPTIDERGIC TERMINALS IN NASAL MUCOSA OF CHRONIC RHINITIS PATIENTS

Mast cell-nerve relation is a new topk explored deeply in different organs, but little documentation could be found in the literature on the relation in human nasal mucosa. We carried out this study using immunocytochemistry and found that substance P (SP) terminals were present in human nasal mucosa from six cases of chronic rhinitis. SP terminals were often found to be adjacent to or have a direct contact with mast cells (MCs). Electron-microscopic studies revealed that MCs could contact nonmyelinated nerve terminals. These results have important implications in the understanding of the pathogenesis of neurogenic inflammation seen in nasal mucosa and will probably cast new insight into the future treatment of such disease.

Study of broadband THz time-domain spectroscopy at different relative humidity levels

Two detection techniques of broadband terahertz（THz）time-domain spectroscopy-THz air-biased coherent detection（THz-ABCD;from 0.3 to 14 THz）and electro-optical（EO）detection（from 0.3 to 7 THz）-are both performed at several different relative humidity levels.The THz power exponentially decays with the increase in relative humidity.The dynamic range of the main pulse in the time domain linearly decreases as the relative humidity increases from 0%to 40%,and linear fittings show that the slopes are-0.017 and-0.019 for THz-ABCD and EO detection,respectively.Because of the multiple reflections caused by the crystal in the common EO detection,THz-ABCD has better spectral resolution（17 GHz）than that of EO detection（170 GHz）.The spectrum of water vapor absorption measured by THz-ABCD is also compared with that measured by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）.

A study on the sulfenylchlorination of cembrene and the related cembranoids

p-Tolylsulfenyl chloride adds regioselectively at the C(11)=C(12) bond of cembrene 1 to give 11-(R)-p-tolylthio-1-(S)-cembra-2E, 4Z, 7E, 12(20)-tetraene 2 following a rapid HCl elimination. Two new cembranoids, 1-(S)-cembra-2E, 4Z, 7E, 12(20)-tetraene 3 and 1-(S)-cembra-2E, 4Z, 7E, 11Z- tetraen-20-o1 4 are prepared from 2.