Interaction between Hosts and Guests of Rural Tourism in Northeast China Based on Symbolic Interaction Theory

With constant economic development and continuous improvement of living standards in Northeast China,rural tourism,as a new type of tourism,is increasingly favored. From the perspective of symbolic interaction theory,taking the current situation of rural tourism in Northeast China as an example,this paper explained the semiotic significance between hosts and guests in rural tourism. It established the evaluation indicators for authentic symbolic perception of rural tourism. Also,combined with the theories of sociology and anthropology,it studied the interaction between hosts and tourists of rural tourism in Northeast China.

Viologen-based host–guest supramolecule with tunable intramolecular/intermolecular electron transfer chromism and dynamic fluorescence

Viologen,as a type of strong electron acceptor,is prone to undergo electron transfer(ET)and change color under external stimuli.However,due to the easy aggrega-tion of viologen molecules,they usually suffer from poorfluorescence emission in the condensed phase.Herein,a new viologen derivative of VioCl_(2)⋅2Cl(1^(2+)⋅2Cl)was designed and synthesized,in which thefluorescence was enhanced by intro-ducing Me-β-CD to weaken the interactions between viologen molecules.Then a viologen-based host-guest supramolecule of 1^(2+)@Me-β-CD was obtained by elec-trostatic interactions.Photo-/chemo-responded guest 1^(2+)supplies 1^(2+)@Me-β-CD,a green and dark purple caused by intramolecular and intermolecular ET.Further-more,1^(2+)@Me-β-CD displays an additional thermal responsive purple color.The triple chromic behaviors all exhibit excellent reversibility and cycling stability.As expected,1^(2+)@Me-β-CD exhibits strong photoluminescence(PL)in solid-liquid dual states,presenting an improved quantum yield(Φ)from 1^(2+)(Φ_(s)=0.37%,Φ_(1)= 16.74%)to=1^(2+)@Me-β-CD(Φ_(s)= 10.45%,Φ_(1)= 25.86%),and thefluores-=cence intensity can be dynamically modulated by light,heat,and acid/base vapors.The multi-responsive chromism and tunablefluorescence of 1^(2+)@Me-β-CD allow for potential applications in information security and smart windows.

Formation and Properties of Organic Long Persistent Luminescence Crystals Containing Benzidine Derivatives by Melt Crystallization

Organic molecules that exhibit long persistent luminescence (LPL) are rapidly gaining attention for a variety of applications. In this study, organic molecules with simple structures were selected and organic long persistent luminescence (OLPL) crystals were prepared. The crystal structure of the prepared OLPL crystal was elucidated and the guideline for the design of OLPL crystal was clarified. LPL was observed in OLPL crystals prepared with TMB as the guest molecule and 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane as the host molecule. XRD measurements of the OLPL crystals suggest that the guest molecule is a solid solution substituted in the stable crystal structure of the host molecule in a lattice-shrinking direction.

Different Synthesis Methods for Ordered Mesoporous Silicas And Their Characteristics Comparison

Ordered mesoporous silica were synthesized under different conditions:hydrothermal synthesis in basic medium,room temperature synthesis in acid medium and sol gel synthesis in neutral medium,and pore structure,specific surface area and pore size distribution of samples were studied and compared in detail by means of SAXRD,HRTEM,BET,FT IR.The results show that the mesopores in the samples obtained via above three methods all possess uniform hexagonal arrays in short range.Mesoporous silica obtained in acid medium possesses narrow pore size distribution centered around 1.24nm with specific surface area of 1220 m 2·g -1 ;Mesoporous silica obtained in basic medium by hydrothermal synthesis at 160℃ possesses narrow pore size distribution centered around 1.90nm with specific surface area of 542.8 m 2·g -1 ;and mesoporous silica obtained in neutral medium by sol gel synthesis possesses broader pore size distribution centered around 4.01nm,specific surface area of 485.0 m 2·g -1 .Therefore,ordered mesoporous silicas with different pore sizes can be prepared using various synthetic methods and conditions.After heat treatment,Si O Si bending vibration strengthens and the adsorption peak of asymmetrical Si O Si stretching vibration broadens,and the crosslinking and condensation reaction of silica skeleton strengthen, meanwhile the amount of active centers of hydroxyl group on the surface of mesopores may be influenced,thus chemical assembly activity of mesopores may also be influenced.

Quantitative prediction of the bitterness of atomoxetine hydrochloride and taste-masked using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin:A biosensor evaluation and interaction study

The bitterness of a drug is a major challenge for patient acceptability and compliance,especially for children.Due to the toxicity of medication,a human taste panel test has certain limitations.Atomoxetine hydrochloride(HCl),which is used for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),has an extremely bitter taste.The aim of this work is to quantitatively predict the bitterness of atomoxetine HCl by a biosensor system.Based on the mechanism of detection of the electronic tongue(Etongue),the bitterness of atomoxetine HCl was evaluated,and it was found that its bitterness was similar to that of quinine HCl.The bitterness threshold of atomoxetine HCl was 8.61μg/ml based on the Change of membrane Potential caused by Adsorption(CPA)value of the BT0 sensor.In this study,the taste-masking efficiency of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HP-β-CyD)was assessed by Euclidean distances on a principle component analysis(PCA)map with the SA402B Taste Sensing System,and the host–guest interactions were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),powder X-ray diffraction(XRD),nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Biosensor evaluation and characterization of the inclusion complex indicated that atomoxetine HCl could actively react with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin.

Synthesis and Characterization of AlPO_4-11 and MAPO-11 Single Crystals

The preparation of two types of molecular sieves AlPO 4-11 and MAPO-11 is reported. The particle size of the latter is hundreds of microns, about 10 times larger than that of the former. The XRD, IR and DTA spectra have demonstrated that magnesium has been introduced into the framework of AlPO 4-11. The successful preparation of large single crystal of MAPO-11 will open up a new area for the preparation of large molecular sieves crystals in the future. The large MAPO-11 crystal compound is a promising host for the host-guest assembly of composite materials.

Effects of parasitic plant Cistanche deserticola on chlorophyll a fluorescence and nutrient accumulation of host plant Haloxylon ammodendron in the Taklimakan Desert

The parasitic plant Cistanche deserticola attaches to Haloxylon ammodendron, a perennial shrub with high tolerance to salinity and drought. However, little was known about the parasite-host relation between the two species. Effects of the parasite on chlorophyll a fluorescence and nutrient accumulation in the host plant （H. am- modendron） were investigated in the Taklimakan Desert. Some photosynthetic parameters of both host and non-host H. ammodendron plants were measured by in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence technology in the field. The assimilating branches of host and non-host plants were collected and nutrient and inorganic ion contents were analyzed. The results from field experiments showed that the infection of C. deserticola reduced the non-photochemical quenching of the variable chlorophyll fluorescence （NPQ） and the potential maximum quantum yield for primary photochemistry （Fv/Fm） of the host. Compared with non-host plants, the host H. ammodendron had low nutrient, low inorganic ion contents （Na~ and K~） and low K~/Na~ ratios in the assimilating branches. It suggested that C. deserticola infection reduced the nutrient acquisition and caused damage to the photoprotection through thermal dissipation of the energy of the photosystem II in the host, resulting in a decrease in the tolerance to salinity and high radiation. It was concluded that the attachment of the parasite plant （C. deserticola） had negative effects on the growth of its host.

Hydrogen-bonded 1D and 2D Assemblies of Tetraiso-butyl-resorcin[4]arene in the Crystalline State

X-ray crystal structures of co-crystals involving tetra-iso-butyl-resorcin[4]arene 1 with both acetone and acetonitrile solvents were reported. The component 1?2(CH3)2CO 2 assembles such that the resorcin[4]arene adopts a C2v conformation and the acetone serves as hydrogen bond acceptors, forming a 1D hydrogen-bonded polymer. 2 (C50H68O10) crystallizes in the triclinic, space group P1 with a = 10.0440(7), b = 13.7498(9), c = 17.6374(12) ?, α = 77.726(2), β = 86.733(2), γ = 88.634(2)o, V = 2376.1(3) ?3, Dc = 1.159 g/cm3, and Z = 2. The assembly process of component 1?2CH3CN?H2O 3 yields a 2D hydrogen-bonded polymer formed by intermolecular hydrogen bonds between resorcin[4]arene and water molecules. In the case of component 3, the acetonitrile molecule serves as guest inside the bowl of resorcin[4]arene host. 3 (C48H64N2O9) crystallizes in the monoclinic, space group P2/n with a = 13.7570(18), b = 9.0961(12), c = 19.453(3) ?, β = 103.017(3)o, V = 2371.7(5) ?3, Dc = 1.138 g/cm3, and Z = 2.

Synthesis and Characterization of the Host-Guest NanocompositeMaterial Zeolite Y-Iron Bipyridine

This paper reports the synthesis of host-guest nanocomposite material [Fe(bpy)(3)]Y2+ (where bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) using the flexible ligand method. X-ray diffraction analysis. adsorption technique, and cyclic voltammetry were used to characterize the material. The results show that [Fe(bpy)(3)](2+) has been entrapped in the supercage of zeolite, its electron transfer is realized by electron hopping of [Fe(bpy)(3)](2+) within the supercage of zeolite.

Theoretical Study on the Inclusion Complex of β-Cyclodextrin and Nitrobenzene

Quantum chemical calculations were carried out to investigate the structures and properties for the inclusion complexes of nitrobenzene （NB） into β-cyclodextrin. Two low-energy conformations of β-cyclodextrin （A and B） in the gas phase were initially investigated by the PM3 and B3LYP/6-31＋G（d,p） calculations, respectively. Three different orientations were considered in the inclusion process of A and B with NB to form 1：1 complexes. Potential energy scan by PM3 calculations indicated that the phenyl orientation Ab for conformation A and the equator orientation Bc for conformation B are more favorable in energy, respectively. We also considered the 2：1 inclusion complexes of host A or B with guest NB in the gas phase. PM3 calculation indicated that the host-guest interaction energies to form 1：1 complexes are more negative than those to form 2：1 NB/B complexes. Finally, we studied the solvent effect of NB/CD complex, and PM3 results show that the influence of water molecules on the inclusion process is very important. The driving forces for the inclusion process and the geometries of complexes were discussed in detail.

Study on Synthesis and Intercalation Behavior of Layered Zirconium Proline-N-methylphosphonate-phosphate

Zirconium proline-N-methylphosphonate-phosphate (α-ZPMPP) was prepared in the presence of HF for the first time. The a-ZPMPP sample is highly crystallized with interlayer distance of 1.52 nm. The interlayer distance of complex of α-ZPMPP with n-butylamine (α-ZPMPP-BA) is in 0.45 nm larger than that of α-ZPMPP. The α-ZPMPP possesses different intercalation behavior of host-guest compound from α-ZP.

Synthesis and Enhanced Guest-Binding Affinities of Dendrimer-Based Cyclophane Tetramer and Octamer

Dendritic cyclophane tetramer and octamer were prepared by aminolysis of succinimidyl ester derivative of tetraaza [6.1.6.1] paracyclophane with the corresponding poly(amidoamine) dendrimers as a scaffold, followed by removal of the protecting groups. The present cyclophane tetramer and octamer showed enhanced guest-binding affinities toward fluorescent guests such as 6-p-toluidinonaphthalene-2-sulfonate and 6-anilinonaphthalene-2-sulfonate, in comparison with those of monocyclic cyclophane, reflecting multivalency effects in macrocycles.

Synthesis and Guest-Binding Behavior of Water-Soluble Cyclophanes Bearing PEG Residues

A water-soluble cyclophane (1) having poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) moieties has been prepared from a tetraazide-functionalized cyclophane derivative and four poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acetylenes by Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3 dipolar cycloadditions (click chemistry). An analogous derivative having a pyrene moiety (2) was also prepared in a similar manner. The guest-binding behavior of 1 and 2 toward anionic guests such as 6-p-toluidinonaphthalene-2-sulfonate was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy. The binding constants (K) of the host-guest complexes were evaluated.

主客共享理念下传统村落公服设施优化探索——以广州黄埔深井村为例

随着传统村落休闲旅游的热度持续提升,居民与游客的主客关系日益复杂,为探索适应人口变化特征和村落自身保护发展需求的公服设施优化发展路径,研究引入“主客共享”理念,运用文献研究、非参与式观察、参与式观察、深入访谈等方法,以广州黄埔深井村展开实证研究,发现村落公服设施配置存在一定失衡,公益性和商业性设施空间分布特征呈现差异,同时主客在设施使用上出现兼容、互斥特征。基于主客需求和村落空间、资源和文化等特征,提出“需求融合、格局传承、情境营造、弹性共享”的公服设施优化策略,以期促进传统村落的保护传承和发展,并为其他传统村落公共服务设施与村落协同发展提供借鉴思路。

An Investigation into the Role of Capping on Second Harmonic Generation from Nonlinear Organic Polymer and Guest-Host Thin Films by In-Situ Poling

In attempts to fabricate thermally stable second-order nonlinear polymer thin films, we have investigated the second harmonic generation (SHG) from both nonlinear polymer and guest-host thin films. We have also investigated the role of capping on the SHG, temporal stability and relaxation of dipole alignment. Corona poling techniques were employed to orient the dopants into the noncentrosymmetric structure required to obtain the SHG. The effect of capping with a polymeric encapsulant below the glass transition temperature of the polymers on the unpoled and corona poled thin films was studied. Capping of the nonlinear polymer and guest host thin films have resulted in high SHG with good temporal stability. SHG signal falls drastically during the first 8 days after poling while no further significant decay in SHG signal was observed after about 33 days. Our investigations have identified the characteristics required for a good encapsulant on a non-con-ductive surface.

Supramolecular Metal Complex with Ferrocene-conjugated Macrocyclic Triaza Crown Ether as Ligand and Its Electrochemical Property

A tetranuclear complex [Co(III)(2)(L)(2)(AcO)(2)(OH)](AcO)(2I). 4H(2)O (L = N-ferrocenylmethyl-1,4,7-triaza-cyclononane) was prepared from ligand L . HI and its crystal structure was determined. The crystal exists in P2(1)(/)a space group and its cell parameters are a = 14.285(3)Angstrom, b = 19.888(3)Angstrom, c = 19.133(3)Angstrom; beta = 109.12(2)degrees; V = 5135.8 Angstrom(3); Z = 4. Electrochemical investigation reveals that the oxidation potential of ferrocenyl group in 1 has a 0.11V-positive-shift from that of the ferrocenyl group in L.HI.

大赋用经:主客结构与铺陈考量

《文心雕龙·诠赋》谓“遂客主以首引,极声貌以穷文”,前者是汉大赋主客问答的框架结构,后者则是在此框架结构下预设的铺陈空间,铺陈乃是大赋的主体。主客问答以议论显示讽谏,多用经语。大赋中除直接铺陈仪礼的段落,铺陈则用经为寡。然班固《东都赋》、张衡《东京赋》等则以议论充塞铺陈空间,又大赋短制如扬雄《河东赋》全篇以议论为主,相对于大赋铺陈主体,并用经为多。但大赋绝大部分的铺陈取于六经之外的其他典籍,亦多语词自造。总体而言,汉赋用经为少,而且赋体铺陈所取于六经及其他典籍者,都用以夸饰铺陈,并不保留其在原初文本的意义,故不必说是“经学影响”。

主客共享视角下乡村文化景观要素的感知差异性研究——以南京市黄龙岘茶文化村为例

乡村文化景观代表着农业文明的精粹,保留了人类不断积累的传统农耕智慧,对增强村落凝聚力具有重要意义。同时,它也被看作旅游资源,不断被开发和更新。文章运用IPA-KANO模型,以南京市黄龙岘茶文化村文化景观组成要素为研究对象,分别探究在村民和游客不同视角下文化景观要素与主观感知之间的关系,并对两者出现的差异性现象进行定量分析及原因解析,并依据象限图得到文化景观要素的优先级类型,为该村文化景观要素的优化提供科学依据,以促进乡村内生性文化景观和外来文化景观的共生。

民宿促进各民族交往交流交融的价值协同路径研究——以新疆伊宁市六星街和喀赞其民宿为例

民宿是旅游促进各民族交往交流交融(简称旅游促“三交”)的重要载体,民宿主客互动过程也是各民族交往交流交融过程。研究以价值协同论与符号互动论为理论基础,选择伊宁市六星街和喀赞其历史街区周边民宿为研究对象,通过网络文本分析与扎根理论方法,探究民宿主客互动促进各民族交往交流交融的价值协同路径。研究表明:(1)民宿主与游客之间除传统的信息、物质、情感等互动形式外,学习互动是推进旅游促“三交”的重要基础;(2)民宿主客互动受到非言语、言语、技术、情境、政策制度、公平感知及过往经历等因素的综合影响;(3)民宿主客互动促进了主客价值协同,强化了文化和国家认同,夯实了中华民族共同体构建的心理基础。研究有助于厘清民宿场域旅游促“三交”的机理,也可为民族地区民宿业高质量发展提供参考。