Power Relation and Condom Use in Commercial Sex Behaviors

To explore whether condom use is influenced by power relation in commercial sex behaviors. Methods Variables were designed to measure the power relation in commercial sex behaviors based on the theory of gender and power relation and data were collected from male sexually transmitted diseases （STD） patients and female commercial sex workers （FSWs） working at recreation centers or being detained in a women education center to identify the relationship between condom use and power relation in male and female respondents using bivariate and multiple regression analysis. Results A significant relationship was identified between power relation and female condom use, the higher the score of power relations, the higher frequency the condom use, but no similar result was found in males. Females got a higher score of power relation than males. Conclusions Power relation is one of the factors that influence condom use, which should be considered when relevant theories are used to study the rate of condom use. It is worthwhile exploring the relationship between safe sex and power relation in spouses and regular sex partners when interventions are adopted to prevent HIV/AIDS spreading from high risk groups to the general population.

Realignment of Great Power Relations

Wang: Speaking of Sino-U. S. relations, actually it touches upon great power relationship. The current Iraqi crisis became a focus in UN. There is a clear demarcation line between those countries supporting a war and those countries in favor of weapons inspections within

Power Relation in A Life in the Theatre

As a noted modern American playwright, David Mamet attracts wide attention from the readers, the audience, as well as the academic circle with his fascinating language features. In his plays, in order to achieve their individual goals, the male characters, applying the discursive power with language as weapon, endeavor to build a new structure of power. It aims to analyze A Life in the Theatre, with such discourse-analysis mechanics as turn-taking and politeness strategy, to examine the power relations between the two male characters in the play, and finally to explain how discourse influence and alter the power relations in reality.

Modulation of electroencephalograph activity by manual acupuncture stimulation in healthy subjects:An autoregressive spectral analysis

To investigate whether and how manual acupuncture（MA） modulates brain activities,we design an experiment where acupuncture at acupoint ST36 of the right leg is used to obtain electroencephalograph（EEG） signals in healthy subjects.We adopt the autoregressive（AR） Burg method to estimate the power spectrum of EEG signals and analyze the relative powers in delta（0 Hz-4 Hz）,theta（4 Hz-8 Hz）,alpha（8 Hz-13 Hz）,and beta（13 Hz-30 Hz） bands.Our results show that MA at ST36 can significantly increase the EEG slow wave relative power（delta band） and reduce the fast wave relative powers（alpha and beta bands）,while there are no statistical differences in theta band relative power between different acupuncture states.In order to quantify the ratio of slow to fast wave EEG activity,we compute the power ratio index.It is found that the MA can significantly increase the power ratio index,especially in frontal and central lobes.All the results highlight the modulation of brain activities with MA and may provide potential help for the clinical use of acupuncture.The proposed quantitative method of acupuncture signals may be further used to make MA more standardized.

Modeling co-seismic thermal infrared brightness anomalies in petroliferous basins surrounding the North and East of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

Co-seismic gas leakage usually occurs on the edge of seismic faults in petroliferous basins,and it may have an impact on the local environment,such as the greenhouse effect,which can cause thermal infrared brightness anomalies.Using wavelet transform and power spectrum estimation methods,we processed brightness temperature data from the Chinese geostationary meteorological satellite FY-C/E.We report similarities between the co-seismic thermal infrared brightness(CTIB)anomalies before,during and after earthquakes that occurred at the edges of the Sichuan,Tarim,Qaidam,and Junggar basins surrounding the North and East of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in western China.Additionally,in each petroliferous basin,the area of a single CTIB anomaly accounted for 50%to 100%of the basin area,and the spatial distribution similarities in the CTIB anomalies existed before,during and after these earthquakes.To better interpret the similarities,we developed a basin warming effect model based on geological structures and topography.The model suggests that in a petroliferous basin with a subsurface gas reservoir,gas leakage could strengthen with the increasing stress before,during,and even after an earthquake.The accumulation of these gases,such as the greenhouse gases CH4 and CO2,results in the CTIB anomalies.In addition,we conclude that the CTIB anomalies are strengthened by the high mountains(altitude^5000 m)around the basins and the basins’independent climatic conditions.This work provides a new perspective from which to understand the CTIB anomalies in petroliferous basins surrounding the North and East of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau.

Effect of gallium doping on the magnetocaloric effect of LaFe_(11.2)Co_(0.7)Si_(1.1)

The lattice parameter and magnetocaloric properties of three samples of LaFe11.2Co0.7Si1.1-xGax with x = 0, 0.03 and 0.05 have been investigated by X-ray powder diffraction and magnetization measurements. The lattice parameter increases slightly and the Curie temperature increases somewhat with increasing gallium content. However, a small amount of Ga doping into the sample decreases the magnetic entropy change of the sample. All the samples remain in the first-order magnetic phase transition. The most striking effect of the Ga doping is that the cooling capacity in the samples increases significantly. The maximum magnetic entropy change, ASM and the cooling capacity of the sample LaFe11.2Co0.7Si1.07Ga0.03 are 11.9 J·kg^-1·K^-1 and 254.8 J·kg^-1, respectively.

Adiabatic Temperature Changes in (Gd_(1-x)Ho_x)_5Si_4 Magnetic Refrigeration Materials

A series of alloys (Gd1-xHox)5Si4(x=0, 0.05, 0.15, 0.25) have been prepared. Adiabatic temperature changes of(Gd1-xHox)5Si4 alloys is exactly investigated by a control and analysis system for ΔH=1.4 T, and the measurement results are trustworthy. Curie temperatures of these alloys are tunable in a wide temperature region, and decrease almost linearly with the increasing of Ho content. Magnetic entropy changes in the (Gd1-xHox)Si4 compounds are about 2.35 J/(kg·K) when magnetic field change are 0～1.4 T. The adiabatic temperatures of these alloys at Curie Points are larger than 1 K about 40% of that of Gd in a field change 0～1.4 T, and the curves of ΔTad are as wide as that of Gd. The relative cooling power RCP(S) or RCP(T) of these alloys are about 0.5～0.7 J·cm-3 and 42～50 K2 on the field 0～1.4 T, about 58% and 55% of that of Gd respectively. These alloys are potential magnetic refrigerants working in a refrigerator at room temperatures.

欧美涉华协调及其限度

After the Biden administration came to power in the United States,Europe and the United States came to a comprehensive arrangement for coordinating their internal diferences and international policies,using shared values as the traction for forming a consensus posture toward China,which to a certain extent placed transatlantic relations into a posture of readiness for a Cold War.Although the common strategic needs of Europe and the United States contributed to the coordination between Europe and the United States,the long-term,structural contradictions between Europe and the United States in the felds of economy,trade,and security created the limited and transactional nature of this round of coordination.At the same time,the internal ecology of Europe and the United States has produced a window of opportunity in this round of coordination,increasing the uncertainty entailed by deepening coordination in the short and medium terms.The coordination of Europe and the United States has impacted the political foundations of China-EU relations and promoted an increase in the level of competition in China-EU relations and compressed the tension space in Europe-US relations,as well as having a negative impact on the global and regional order.

Translation Analysis of American News Coverage Towards China in 2020 American Presidential Election Based on the Manipulation Theory

The ideological and cultural impact is prominent in Chinese news translation,since most of the news translators are sponsored by the authority.By analyzing the Chinese to English news translation based on the manipulation theory proposed by AndréLefevere,the present study aims at illustrating the textual manipulation in translation,so as to conclude the general principles for the practice of Chinese news translators.The manipulation theory denotes a translation theory that attaches importance to the ideology and socio-cultural background of target text audience.It includes three aspects-ideology,patronage,and poetics-and can be adapted into the analysis of news translation,which is particularly influenced by the first two aspects.Thus,the manipulation theory can be viewed as an appropriate tool for analyzing news translation that is bounded by certain interest groups,and may further shed light on some proper methods for news translation in a certain social background.Based on the close analysis of three news article during 2020 American presidential election and their Chinese translation,the study found that the translators would use translation techniques such as omission and alteration to“rewrite”the original text,thus conforming to the ultimate purposes of political news circulation in China-conveying positive image and showcase national identity.

A Study of Negotiation in Zadie Smith’s White Teeth

This study examined the power relationships between male and female characters,between the white female character and women of color,and women of color’s power relationship to each other in White Teeth through analyzing sequential moves in dialogues.The exchange structure reveals that male characters are in dominance in their relationship with female characters,and female characters suffer sexual discrimination.It is also found that in their relationship to the white female character,women of color experience the discriminations of racism and classism,but they tried hard to battle against these discriminations.In addition,even within the community of women of color,women had to fight against oppressive stereotypes.

An Unbalanced Triangle: Discursive Analysis of American Buffalo

In American Buffalo,the three characters regard language as a weapon,with a view to gaining superiority in power relations.Through discursive analysis,this paper aims to observe the process of power relations construction in a malicious world without moral norms.

Scaling diode-pumped, high energy picosecond lasers to kilowatt average powers

Recent results in the development of diode-driven high energy, high repetition rate, picosecond lasers, including the demonstration of a cryogenic Yb:YAG active mirror amplifier that produces 1.5 J pulses at 500 Hz repetition rate(0.75 kW average power) are reviewed. These pulses are compressed resulting in the generation of ~5 ps duration,1 J pulses with 0.5 kW average power. A full characterization of this high power cryogenic amplifier, including atwavelength interferometry of the active region under >1 kW average power pump conditions, is presented. An initial demonstration of operation at 1 kW average power(1 J, 1 k Hz) is reported.

China and the United States Should Build A New Type of Major Powers Relations——A Study on China’s U.S. Policy Thinking since the New Century

Since the reform and opening-up to the outside world, China has formed a series of guidelines and policies towards the United States, which are the theoretical foundation of China’s U.S. policy thinking in the New Century. Entering the new century, the international situation has undergone profound and complicated changes, the national strength gap between China and the United States has narrowed, their common interests have expanded, differences and contradictions have increased. Therefore, China stands for both countries to adhere to the direction of developing cooperative partnership, respect each other, abide by the promises, seek equal and mutual benefits and win-win cooperation, and mutually respect each others core interests. The future development of China-U.S. relations still face many challenges and China’s U.S. policy thinking needs to keep abreast with the times.

The Impact of Spousal Relationships on Fertility Intentions of One-Child Urban Young Couples

Below-replacement fertility has spread from developed industrialized countries to some developing countries, including China. Based on the theory of the transformation of intimacy, this study utilizes the data from the Xi'an Special Survey on Child Rearing Costs and Fertility Intentions to explore the impact of spousal relationships on the fertility intentions of young urban couples and gender differences in this regard in terms of power relations, distribution of responsibility, and emotional connection. The study reveals that 1) an inverse J-shaped relationship(initially showing a decline followed by a rise) exists between family power equalization and fertility intentions, especially for women;2) the greater the husband's share of housework, the less he will desire fertility, but a wife's level of satisfaction with her husband's housework sharing increases her fertility motivation;and 3) frequent spousal interactions and emotional intimacy contribute to increased fertility intentions, especially on the part of women. From the perspective of the transformation of intimacy, the above results suggest that the impact of spousal relationships on young couples' fertility intentions is increasingly strong and that continued promotion of gender equality in the family sphere is of great significance to reversing low total fertility rates.

Field and current driven versions of Brandt method for calculating transport ac loss of superconducting cylinder and strip

As an elegant and fast numerical tool for solving time‐dependent electromagnetic field problems in hard superconductors,Brandt’s method has played an important role in understading the magnetic behavior of superconducting strips,discs,bars and cylinders in various aspect ratios.However,the application of this convenient method was mainly in magnetization processes.Traditionally,the solution of current transport problem needs to introduce a driving electric field E_(a),which requires a low efficiency iterative process and E_(a) itself was not clearly explained.In this work,three integral algorithms based on the Brandt’s method are developed to deal with current transport problems,which directly adopt the applied current as a boundary condition.Namely the current(I)‐driven version and two current‐field‐driven versions A and B.Moreover,the arbitrary applied magnetic field can also be included in the I‐driven version.The derivation with all necessary formulas for the methods are given in this work.As an example,the new methods,as well as the traditional method are used for calculating transport ac loss Q of a superconducting cylinder or strip obeying a power‐law relation of E∝J^(n)as a function of a given I(t).Derived from the Ampère law and the differential rather than the integral expression of the Faraday law,the current‐driven version can be used for more accurate and much quicker computation.Being an intermediate quantity,E_(a)(t) in the two current‐field‐driven versions is accurately calculated under the given I(t),but version B is much quicker than A.Problems relating to E_(a)(t) and Q stabilization process are discussed.

Effect of praseodymium and cobalt substitution on magnetic properties and structures in La(Fe_(1–x)Si_x)_(13) compounds

Magnetic properties and structures in La1-zPrz(Fe0.895–xCoxSi0.105)13 (x=0.07, 0.08; z=0, 0.2, 0.4) compounds were investigated. When Pr and Co substituted for La and Fe, the Curie temperature of the compounds was adjusted to around room temperature. The magnetic phase transition was driven from first-order to second-order due to Co substitution. As a second-order phase transition material, the MCE of La0.6Pr0.4(Fe0.825Co0.07Si0.105)13, whose relative cooling power was 175 J/kg under a field change of 2 T, ...

Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects of manganite (La_(0.8)Ho_(0.2))_(2/3)Ca_(1/3)MnO_3 and (La_(0.5)Ho_(0.5))_(2/3)Ca_(1/3)MnO_3

We reported the magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects(MCE) of(La0.8Ho0.2)2/3Ca1/3MnO3 and(La0.5Ho0.5)2/3Ca1/3MnO3 nanoparticles by sol-gel technique.With this method,we were able to obtain the samples with particle diameters ranging from 50 to 200 nm.In the(La1-xHox)2/3Ca1/3MnO3 compound,an external magnetic field induced a magnetic transition from an paramagnetic phase to a ferromagnetic phase above Ts=105-135 K,leading to magnetocaloric effects.The maximum value of ΔSM was 1.19 J/(kg·K) at 100 K and 2.03 J/(kg·K) at 152 K for a magnetic field change of 5 T.Because both samples had large relative cooling power(RCP) and wide δTFWHM,the study on systems with the(La1-xHox)2/3Ca1/3MnO3-related magnetic transitions may open an important field in searching good magnetic materials.