Evolutionary analysis of green credit and automobile enterprises under the mechanism of dynamic reward and punishment based on government regulation

To explore the green development of automobile enterprises and promote the achievement of the“dual carbon”target,based on the bounded rationality assumptions,this study constructed a tripartite evolutionary game model of gov-ernment,commercial banks,and automobile enterprises;introduced a dynamic reward and punishment mechanism;and analyzed the development process of the three parties’strategic behavior under the static and dynamic reward and punish-ment mechanism.Vensim PLE was used for numerical simulation analysis.Our results indicate that the system could not reach a stable state under the static reward and punishment mechanism.A dynamic reward and punishment mechanism can effectively improve the system stability and better fit real situations.Under the dynamic reward and punishment mechan-ism,an increase in the initial probabilities of the three parties can promote the system stability,and the government can im-plement effective supervision by adjusting the upper limit of the reward and punishment intensity.Finally,the implementa-tion of green credit by commercial banks plays a significant role in promoting the green development of automobile enter-prises.

Automobile Transportation Logistics Supply Chain Management Strategy

To enhance the management level and quality of the automobile transportation logistics supply chain and promote innovation and development in automobile transportation logistics enterprises,it is essential to strengthen the construction of the automobile transportation logistics supply chain management model.This can be achieved through the gradual improvement of the automobile transportation logistics management process,ensuring that the management of the automobile transportation logistics supply chain proceeds in an orderly manner.The aim is to improve automobile transportation and logistics service levels while meeting the changing market supply needs.This will enable automobile transportation and logistics enterprises to maintain steady economic benefits and enhance their core competitiveness in the market.Therefore,this paper has conducted a comprehensive exploration and research on managing the automobile transportation logistics supply chain.Corresponding management strategies are proposed as a starting point to achieve the aforementioned goals.

Research on the Dual-Creation Talent Training Model of New Energy Automobile Based on Virtual Simulation

At present,as China vigorously develops new energy automobiles,the social demand for related talents has increased significantly,so the relevant institutions need to optimize and adjust the talent training mode to help the development of new energy automobiles.This paper summarizes the existing problems of China’s new energy automobile talent training mode,and analyzes the significance of the virtual simulation-based dual-creation talent training mode of new energy automobile and its specific implementation strategies,in order to provide references for the relevant personnel.

Invited Review Reduction,reuse and recycle of spent Li-ion batteries for automobiles:A review

The demand for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) for vehicles is increasing. However, LIBs use valuable rare metals, such as Co and Li, aswell as environmentally toxic reagents. LIBs are also necessary to utilize for a long period and to recycle useful materials. The reduction, reuse,and recycle (3R) of spent LIBs is an important consideration in constructing a circular economy. In this paper, a flowsheet of the 3R of LIBs isproposed and methods to reduce the utilization of valuable rare metals and the amount of spent LIBs by remanufacturing used parts and designingnew batteries considering the concept of 3R are described. Next, several technological processes for the reuse and recycling of LIBs are introduced.These technologies include discharge, sorting, crushing, binder removal, physical separation, and pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgicalprocessing. Each process, as well as the related physical, chemical, and biological treatments, are discussed. Finally, the problem of developedtechnologies and future subjects for 3R of LIBs are described.

Failure load prediction of adhesive joints under different stress states over the service temperature range of automobiles

To predict the failure loads of adhesive joints under different stress states over the service temperature range of automobiles,adhesively bonded carbon fiber reinforced plastic( CFRP)/aluminum alloy joints under shear stress state( thickadherend shear joints,TSJ),normal stress state( butt joints,BJ) and combined shear and normal stress states( scarf joints with scarf angle 45°,SJ45°) were manufactured and tested at-40,-20,0,20,40,60 and 80 ℃,respectively. The glass transition temperature Tgof the adhesive and CFRP,failure loads and fracture surfaces were used to analyze the failure mechanism of CFRP/aluminum alloy joints at different temperatures. A response surface,describing the variations of quadratic stress criteria with temperature,was established and introduced into the cohesive zone model( CZM) to carry out a simulation analysis. Results show that the failure of CFRP/aluminum alloy joints was determined collectively by the mechanical performances of adhesive and CFRP. Besides,reducing temperature or increasing the proportion of normal stress of adhesive layer was more likely to cause fibre tear or delamination of CFRP,resulting in a more obvious effect of CFRP. The validity of the prediction method was verified by the test of scarf joints with the scarf angle of 30°( SJ30°) and 60°( SJ60°) at-10 and 50 ℃.

Separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts with monothio-Cyanex 272 and trioctylamine

Platinum group metals(PGMs),especially Pd,Pt,and Rh,have drawn great attention due to their unique features.Direct separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic automobile catalyst leach liquors is disturbed by various factors.This work investigates the effect of various parameters including the acidity,extractant concentration,phase ratio A/O,and diluents on the Pd and Pt extraction and their stripping behaviors.The results show that the Pd and Pt are successfully separated from simulated leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts with monothioCyanex 272 and trioctylamine(TOA).Monothio-Cyanex 272 shows strong extractability and specific selectivity for Pd,and only one single stage is needed to recover more than 99.9% of Pd,leaving behind all the Pt,Rh,and base metals of Fe,Mg,Ce,Ni,Cu,and Co in the raffinate.The loaded Pd is efficiently stripped by acidic thiourea solutions.TOA shows strong extractability for Pt and Fe at acidity of 6 mol·L^(–1) HCl.More than 99.9% of Pt and all of the Fe are extracted into the organic phase after two stages of countercurrent extraction.Diluted HCl easily scrubs the loaded base metals(Fe,Cu,and Co).The loaded Pt is efficiently stripped by 1.0 mol·L^(–1) thiourea and 0.05–0.1 mol·L^(–1) Na OH solutions.Monothio-Cyanex 272 and TOA can realize the separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts.

ZHONGCE Tractors & Automobiles Co. Ltd

The quality of the products andthe excellent after-sales serviceare highly appreciated by clientsat home and abroad.

FORECAST DEMAND FOR AUTOMOBILES

China’s demand for automobiles fallsinto three types:trucks,buses andcars.According to statistics fromdepartment concerned,China’s demand andquantity in the next 15 years is as follows: 1. The demand for trucks will growsteadily,in line with the growth of the nationaleconomy.The development of

Information searches by consumers of miniature automobiles

We studied the information search behaviors of Chinese consumers of miniature automobiles. First, we identified the main sources where consumers acquire or seek information about miniature automobiles and discussed their extent of information search. Then, based on logistic regression and optimal scaling regression of statistics, we studied the influences of characteristics of consumers of miniature automobiles on the extent of information search and on Internet usage. The results indicate that consumers often utilize four sources to obtain information about miniature automobiles. The dominant information source for consumers is their friends/family, followed by dealers, newspapers, and TV. Age, occupation, education and income significantly affect the extent of information search, but gender and city of residence do not have significant impacts. Age, city of residence, occupation, education and income produce significant influences on Internet usage. Gender has an insignificant influence on whether a consumer uses the Internet to search for information.

Development and Impact Behaviors of FRP Guarder Belt for Side Collision of Automobiles

In automobiles, the CFRP （carbon fiber reinforced plastics） has a possibility of weight reduction in automotive structures which can contribute to improve mileage and then reduce carbon dioxide. On the other hand, the safety of collision should be also made clear in the case of employing the CFRP to automotive structures. In this paper, the CFRP guarder belt equipped in the automotive door is developed and examined by an experiment and a numerical analysis for replacing the conventional steel door guarder beam. As the experimental relation of impact load to displacement for CFRP guarder belt agreed well with that of numerical result, the numerical method developed here is quite useful for estimating impact behaviors of CFRP guarder belt.

Assessment of Air Quality in Brazzaville: Measurement of Some Automobile Pollutants

Atmospheric pollution is currently a real public health problem because of its potentially harmful effects on the environment as well as on human health. Several studies conducted in America, Europe, Asia, and Africa have established a significant link between air pollution and cancer, infertility, cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity, and mortality. This study aims to measure some automotive pollutants (CO, CO2, NO2, and SO2) by a selective and colorimetric method using a measurement system on Dräger reagent tubes coupled to a Dräger Accuro sampling pump in order to do a quantitative assessment of air quality in the nine districts of Brazzaville. The results obtained during this study revealed high concentration levels of pollutants (CO, CO2, NO2, SO2), all above the standards recommended by the WHO. The results obtained during this study made it possible to categorise Brazzaville as a polluted city.

Automobile Pollution and Risk of Impaired Lung Function and Oxygen Saturation among Vendors Near Road Traffic in Brazzaville, Congo

Context: Automobile pollution is becoming a potential threat to the cardiorespiratory health of the urban population of sub-Saharan Africa. The present study aims to evaluate the level of concentrations of fine particles (PM2.5 and PM10) near road traffic and the effects of exposure to automobile pollutants on pulmonary function and arteriolar blood oxygen saturation among sellers around road traffic. Materials and Methods: The study recruited 48 healthy people carrying out a sales activity near road traffic. PM2.5 and PM10 measurements were taken from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. using a Temtop Airing-1000 portable particle detector. Spirometric measurements were taken in the morning and in the evening from a portable Spirobank G spirometer. Oxygen saturation measurements were also taken in the morning and evening using a Pulse oxymeter CMS50D pulse oxymeter. Results: Mean values of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of forced vital capacity (FEF25 - 75) recorded in the evening were significantly lower than those obtained in the morning in the subjects of the total group and in the men. Only the mean values of PEF and FEF25 - 75 obtained in the evening were significantly lower than those recorded in the morning in women. Minimum PM2.5 values recorded near road traffic were negatively correlated with evening PEF in men, while maximum PM10 values were negatively correlated with evening PEF in women. The blood oxygen saturation recorded in the evening was significantly lower than that obtained in the morning. Conclusion: Short-term exposure to automobile pollutants has adverse effects on lung function and oxygen saturation in people carrying out a sales activity near road traffic.

The Development of Intelligent Automobile Industry Is Constantly Updated

“Developing smart cars is not only a strategic choice,but is also a requirement for industrial and social development.Intelligence determines the outcome of the competition in the second half of the automobile revolution.The new output value of cars driven by intelligence will reach RMB 2.8 trillion by 2030,”said Zhang Yongwei,Vice Cha i rma n a nd Secretary General of China EV100,at the 2023 Globa l Intel ligent Vehicle Summit(GIV 2023).While consolidating the development advantages of new energy vehicles,he emphasized that new competitiveness must be formed through intelligence.

Trip Purposes of Automobile Users Inference Using Multi-day Traffic Monitoring Data

Determining trip purpose is an important link to explore travel rules. In this paper,we takea utomobile users in urban areas as the research object,combine unsupervised learning and supervised learningm ethods to analyze their travel characteristics,and focus on the classification and prediction of automobileu sers’trip purposes. However,previous studies on trip purposes mainly focused on questionnaires and GPSd ata,which cannot well reflect the characteristics of automobile travel. In order to avoid the multi-dayb ehavior variability and unobservable heterogeneity of individual characteristics ignored in traditional traffic questionnaires,traffic monitoring data from the Northern District of Qingdao are used,and the K-meansc lustering method is applied to estimate the trip purposes of automobile users. Then,Adaptive Boosting(AdaBoost)and Random Forest(RF)methods are used to classify and predict trip purposes. Finally,ther esult shows:(1)the purpose of automobile users can be mainly divided into four clusters,which includeC ommuting trips,Flexible life demand travel in daytime,Evening entertainment and leisure shopping,andT axi-based trips for the first three types of purposes,respectively;(2)the Random Forest method performss ignificantly better than AdaBoost in trip purpose prediction for higher accuracy;(3)the average predictiona ccuracy of Random Forest under hyper-parameters optimization reaches96.25%,which proves the feasibilitya nd rationality of the above clustering results.

A Historical Approach on the Opportunity to Acquire Technology Development Capability in Turkish Automobile Industry

Turkey has given importance to the development of the automobile industry since the Ottoman period.While the Ottomans,who were aware of the development process of the automobile industry in the world,provided transportation by horse-drawn carriage,they thought of importing automobiles for the Sultan and high-level bureaucrats in an effort to switch to automobile transportation.However,after the proclamation of the Republic,automobile production started,just like airplanes.While a factory was established for the production of a domestic aircraft,the first automobile production facility was established in Istanbul in 1929 by the American Ford company.This factory was closed after a short time due to the world economic crisis.After the activities of the Kayseri Aircraft Factory,which lasted until 1948,came to an end,this time,Revolution car prototypes could be manufactured completely domestically in 1961.After the project,which did not go into mass production,the KoçGroup started to produce the domestically-made Anadol car with technology transfer from multiple sources in 1967,but the production of Anadol continued until 1984.In 1971,Renault cars started to be produced under the French Renault license,and TOFAŞcars under the Italian FIAT license.Towards the end of the 1970s,creative imitation applications were made in TOFAŞcars with the bird series.In the 1990s,the production of Japanese Honda and Toyota and South Korean Hyundai cars started.In 2011,the idea of producing a domestic automobile emerged,the Devrim automobile was taken as an example in this project,the first Togg prototype was manufactured with technology transfer from multiple sources in December 2018,and it was announced that mass production would begin in March 2023.The 12-year period from 2011 to 2023 is too long for the creation of a domestic automobile.It has been understood that this long process has been passed in order to regain the pre-1980 level of technological ability.However,the most important thing is the transition from the creative imitation stage to the innovation stage.Our wish is that this process can be shortened with phase skipping approaches.

Exposure to Automobile Pollutants and Sperm Quality among Mechanics in Brazzaville (Congo)

Atmospheric pollution is today at the heart of all debates because of its potentially harmful effects on the environment, the climate, and human health;it currently constitutes a real public health problem. However, the increase in infertility around the world has led scientists to look for a link between air pollution and fertility. This study consisted of evaluating the short-term influence of automobile pollution on the semen parameters of mechanics in Brazzaville. A cross-sectional, analytical, prospective study between two groups (G1, exposed people and G2, unexposed people) was carried out in Brazzaville on 228 patients, i.e., G1 with 76 subjects and G2 with 152 subjects, between June 2020 and September 2022, a period of 27 months, in order to evaluate, on the one hand, the quality of sperm in men exposed to automobile pollution according to WHO recommendations and, on the other hand, the quality of the air by a colorimetric method, punctual on a Dräger tube coupled with a Dräger Accuro pump. The concentrations of automotive pollutants measured (CO, CO2, NO2, SO2) during this study were all above the 2021 air quality standards required by WHO. These results made it possible to establish a statistically significant link between air pollution and abnormal spermogram parameters, notably mobility, count, and morphology for the spermocytogram. Exposures to automobile pollutants can influence sperm quality, which is consistent with the results of our study. We observed an alteration in the morphology, mobility, and concentration of spermatozoa.

CFRP在汽车轻量化与安全中的应用进展

碳纤维复合材料(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer,CFRP)具有比强度高、吸能性好等优点,在汽车结构安全及轻量化中的应用优势明显,前景广阔。本文综述了CFRP在汽车轻量化及安全性中应用的研究进展,从汽车车身、底盘以及配件等方面阐述了CFRP在汽车轻量化的应用,从安全性的角度分析了CFRP在汽车安全部件的优势,指出了制约CFRP应用的结构设计理论及异质连接工艺等难点,并展望了未来CFRP在汽车领域的应用前景。旨在拓展CFRP在汽车轻量化与安全中的应用范围,为其在汽车工业发展及轻量化中的广泛应用提供参考。

On the Digital Transformation of the Automobile Manufacturing Industry in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle:Mechanism of Action and Feasible Paths

With a long industrial chain and a powerful ability to drive other industries,the automobile manufacturing industry has a prominent strategic position in the national economy.In recent years,many countries have put on their agenda the digitalization of the automobile manufacturing industry,leading to an connected,autonomous,shared,and electric(also known as CASE)①development trend in the industry.As one of the six major automobile industry clusters in China,the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle has achieved initial results in the digital transformation of the automobile manufacturing industry.However,the region is still faced with some constraints,such as insufficient digital infrastructure,relatively slow development of new automobile products,insufficient innovation ability of the automobile industry,and complex digital transformation of small and medium-sized automobile enterprises(automobile SMEs).This paper intends to construct a framework for the mechanism of action of the digital transformation in the automobile manufacturing industry,analyze the effects of the digital transformation of the automobile manufacturing industry in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle,and propose feasible paths for the digital transformation of the automobile manufacturing industry in the region by drawing on domestic and international experience in this regard.The specific paths include:(a)Smoothing the“dual-core”data chain to facilitate the digital transformation of the automobile manufacturing industry;(b)Developing the new energy vehicle(NEV)industry to upgrade the quality of automobile products;(c)Achieving corner overtaking in the digital transformation of the automobile manufacturing industry with digital technology;(d)Jointly building the automobile industrial park to promote the digital transformation of the industry;(e)Addressing problems facing automobile SMEs in digital transformation via targeted policy tools.

China's automobile manufacturing sector logs steady growth in H1

China's automobile manufacturing industry registered steady expansion in terms of production,revenue,and profit in the first half of this year(H1),industry data shows.

Practical Analysis of Mechanical Automation Technology in Automobile Manufacturing

In today’s rapidly developing modern society,automobiles,as an important part of transportation and industrial fields,play a pivotal role.With the improvement of people’s living standards and the increase in traffic demand,the automobile manufacturing industry has been continuously developing and growing globally.However,to cope with increasingly fierce market competition and ever-changing consumer demands,the automobile manufacturing industry is also facing the challenges of improving production efficiency,reducing costs,and improving product quality.In this context,automation technology has gradually become a major trend in the automobile manufacturing industry.As an important support of modern industry,automation technology has shown great application potential in many fields.From industrial production to daily life,automation technology can be seen everywhere.In the field of manufacturing,especially in automobile manufacturing,the application of automation technology is getting more and more attention.Automated production lines,intelligent robots,and automated warehousing systems have all changed the face of automobile manufacturing to varying degrees,bringing companies higher efficiency,more stable quality,and greater competitive advantages.The application trend of this automation technology in various fields not only meets the needs of modern industry for efficient,precise,and sustainable development but also provides new ideas and paths for the future development of the automobile manufacturing industry.